US3203884A - Bath and method for anodic brightening of metals - Google Patents

Bath and method for anodic brightening of metals Download PDF

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Publication number
US3203884A
US3203884A US70142A US7014260A US3203884A US 3203884 A US3203884 A US 3203884A US 70142 A US70142 A US 70142A US 7014260 A US7014260 A US 7014260A US 3203884 A US3203884 A US 3203884A
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Prior art keywords
bath
brightening
anodic
metals
acid
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Expired - Lifetime
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US70142A
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Gruss Heinz
Gillwald Willi
Kutzelnigg Artur
Laub Hans
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Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
    • C25F3/16—Polishing

Definitions

  • Our invention relates to a method and bath for anodic brightening of metals and alloys, particularly unalloyed steel.
  • chrome-nickel steel can be anodically polished in mixtures of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. Unalloyed carbon steel, however, cannot be satisfactorily brightened in this manner. For anodically brightening such steel it is rather necessary to use mixtures of perchloric acid and acetic acid, or the like mixed baths which must be used with particularly severe safety expedients because they involve explosion hazard if a given bath temperature is exceeded.
  • the water content of the bath may amount to 50 to 250 grams per liter. Particularly favorable results are obtained at 150 to 200 grams per liter of water.
  • the anodic brightening or polishing baths according to the invention form a stable blanket of foam during electrolysis, such blanket being not observed when operating with pure phosphoric acid.
  • the baths can be produced in a simple manner by mixing commercially available acids. For adjusting the desired water content, phosphorus pentoxide may be added if desired.
  • polishing baths according to the invention is completely free of danger and not detrimental to health.
  • the following example relates to the anodic brightening of carbon steel without alloying constituents.
  • Bath concentration 25 g./l. HBF 200 g./l. water Current density: 20 to 50 A./dm. preferably 30 to 40 A/dm.
  • Bath voltage 10 volt Temperature: 20 to C., preferably 30 to 40 C.
  • Baths according to the invention are suitable particularly for the anodic polishing of carbon steel. They are also suitable for the brightening of the other metals including chrome-nickel steel, copper, brass, aluminum and varied within wide limits. 40 light metal alloys.
  • mixtures of phosphoric acid and finoboric acid are excellently suitable for anodic polishing of carbon steel; and we have also found that such mixtures achieve an augmented brightening effect upon other metals and metal alloys at such loW processing temperatures as 30 to 40 C., for example.
  • the method of anodically brightening carbon steel which comprises anodically treating the steel in an electrolyte bath consisting of water-containing phosphoric acid and an addition of fiuoboric acid in an amount of l to 200 grams per liter, the water content of the bath being 50 to 250 grams per liter, at a temperature of about 30 C. to about 40 C. and a current density of about 30 to 40 amperes per square decirneter.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)

Description

United States Patent Ofi 3,203,884 Patented Aug. 31, 1965 ice corporation No Drawing. Filed Nov. '18, 1960, 'Ser. No. 70,142
Claims priority, application Germany, Nov. 20, 1959,
' 6 89 3 Ciaims. ci. 204-1405) Our invention relates to a method and bath for anodic brightening of metals and alloys, particularly unalloyed steel.
Many metals and metal alloys can be brightened by anodic treatment in mixtures of :acids. For example, chrome-nickel steel can be anodically polished in mixtures of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. Unalloyed carbon steel, however, cannot be satisfactorily brightened in this manner. For anodically brightening such steel it is rather necessary to use mixtures of perchloric acid and acetic acid, or the like mixed baths which must be used with particularly severe safety expedients because they involve explosion hazard if a given bath temperature is exceeded. It has also been proposed to use acid mixtures which contain chromic acid, for the purpose of anodic brightening of carbon steel, but these chromicacid mixtures rapidly change their composition during use and their regeneration is difiicult. Various types of steel, particularly chrome-nickel steels, have also been polished by using mixtures of sulfuric acid and fluoboric acid. Tests have shown that such baths can be used to some extent when employing an electrolyte according to US. Patent 2,542,779 of the following composition: 45% H 80 13% HBF (26% solution) and 42% water at 60 to 75 C. However, no polishing effect upon carbon steel could be obtained in the same bath although temperature and electric current density were It is notable that the content of fluoboric acid in the mixture can be varied Within wide limits without impairing the polishing action. For example, a very good performance was obtained With a bath content of 1.1 gram per liter of fluoboric acid, and a still good eiiect with a content of 200 grams fiuoboric acid per liter. In contrast thereto, pure phosphoric acid as well as pure fiuoboric acid are completely inelfective to produce anodic polishing.
The water content of the bath may amount to 50 to 250 grams per liter. Particularly favorable results are obtained at 150 to 200 grams per liter of water.
The anodic brightening or polishing baths according to the invention form a stable blanket of foam during electrolysis, such blanket being not observed when operating with pure phosphoric acid. The baths can be produced in a simple manner by mixing commercially available acids. For adjusting the desired water content, phosphorus pentoxide may be added if desired.
The operation of the polishing baths according to the invention is completely free of danger and not detrimental to health.
The following example relates to the anodic brightening of carbon steel without alloying constituents.
Bath constituents: 37 ml. HBF -solution of 27 B.; 0.63
liter H3PO4,
Bath concentration: 25 g./l. HBF 200 g./l. water Current density: 20 to 50 A./dm. preferably 30 to 40 A/dm.
Bath voltage: 10 volt Temperature: 20 to C., preferably 30 to 40 C.
Further examples of bath compositions and operating conditions are indicated in the table attached to this specification.
Baths according to the invention are suitable particularly for the anodic polishing of carbon steel. They are also suitable for the brightening of the other metals including chrome-nickel steel, copper, brass, aluminum and varied within wide limits. 40 light metal alloys.
Table Constitutents Bath composition in g./1. of water Current density, Temper- Polishing AJdeciature, action on H POi, d. 1.75, HBF4 Further meter 2 C. C-Steel mi. sol., 27 additions HBF4 P 0 H20 B., ml
672 560 40 30-40 None (black surface). 200 1, 070 108 40 30-40 Good.
50 1, 040 220 30-40 30-40 Very good. 25 1, 086 206 30-40 30-40 Do. 7 l, 117 196 30-40 30-40 Do. 1. 1 1, 126 193 30-10 30-40 Do. 0. 1, 127 193 30-40 30-40 Good. 0.27 1,128 193 30-40 30-40 Slight (bright veiledfi. 0. 07 1, 128 193 30-40 30-40 None.
1 Permanent foam blanket.
It is an object of our invention to provide a brightening or polishing bath which secures satisfactory results even when used for unalloyed carbon steel, Without danger of explosion or other health hazards.
We have discovered that mixtures of phosphoric acid and finoboric acid are excellently suitable for anodic polishing of carbon steel; and we have also found that such mixtures achieve an augmented brightening effect upon other metals and metal alloys at such loW processing temperatures as 30 to 40 C., for example.
2 Foaming commences.
of the bath being 150 to 200 grams per liter.
3. The method of anodically brightening carbon steel, which comprises anodically treating the steel in an electrolyte bath consisting of water-containing phosphoric acid and an addition of fiuoboric acid in an amount of l to 200 grams per liter, the water content of the bath being 50 to 250 grams per liter, at a temperature of about 30 C. to about 40 C. and a current density of about 30 to 40 amperes per square decirneter.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,108,603 2/38 Mason 204-1405 4 Bartlett 204-1405 Wiesner 204-1405 Neill 204-146 Swihart 41-42 Robinson 204-1405 DAquila 204140.5 Swagler 204-1405 Wernlund 204140.5 Satterfield 25279.3
JOHN H. MACK, Primary Examiner.
JOSEPH REBOLD, Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. BATH FOR ANOIDIC BRIGHTENING OF METALS AND ALLOYS, PARTICULARLY CARBON STEEL, CONSISTING OF WATER-CONTAINING PHOSPHORIC ACID AND AN ADDITION OF FLUOBORIC ACID IN AN AMOUNT OF 1 TO 200 GRAMS PER LITER, THE WATER CONTENT OF THE BATH BEING 50 TO 250 GRAMS PER LITER.
US70142A 1959-11-20 1960-11-18 Bath and method for anodic brightening of metals Expired - Lifetime US3203884A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES65896A DE1107043B (en) 1959-11-20 1959-11-20 Bath and process for anodic glazing of metals and metal alloys

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US3203884A true US3203884A (en) 1965-08-31

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DE (1) DE1107043B (en)
FR (1) FR1280630A (en)
GB (1) GB912868A (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3784424A (en) * 1971-09-27 1974-01-08 Gen Electric Process for boron containing glasses useful with semiconductor devices
US3793172A (en) * 1972-09-01 1974-02-19 Western Electric Co Processes and baths for electro-stripping plated metal deposits from articles
US3859222A (en) * 1971-07-19 1975-01-07 North American Rockwell Silicon nitride-silicon oxide etchant
US4944986A (en) * 1988-09-23 1990-07-31 Zuel Company Anti-reflective glass surface
US5120605A (en) * 1988-09-23 1992-06-09 Zuel Company, Inc. Anti-reflective glass surface
US6929861B2 (en) 2002-03-05 2005-08-16 Zuel Company, Inc. Anti-reflective glass surface with improved cleanability
US20130092554A1 (en) * 2011-10-12 2013-04-18 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Electropolishing solution containing phosphorous pentoxide and methods of use thereof
US11779477B2 (en) 2010-11-17 2023-10-10 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Radiopaque intraluminal stents
US11806488B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2023-11-07 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Medical device including a solderable linear elastic nickel-titanium distal end section and methods of preparation therefor

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2108603A (en) * 1933-08-02 1938-02-15 Aluminum Co Of America Production of aluminum reflecting surfaces
US2475586A (en) * 1943-04-09 1949-07-12 Thompson Prod Inc Method of electropolishing the internal surface of a hollow valve
US2521106A (en) * 1946-01-19 1950-09-05 C G Coun Ltd Method and bath for electropolishing
US2542779A (en) * 1948-01-07 1951-02-20 Columbus Metal Products Inc Electropolishing composition and process
US2662814A (en) * 1949-08-27 1953-12-15 Diversey Corp Method and composition for chemically polishing metals
US2861930A (en) * 1956-09-13 1958-11-25 Smith Corp A O Method of electropolishing and electrolytic solution therefor
US2920023A (en) * 1955-04-04 1960-01-05 Chrysler Corp Electrolytic cleaning of metal and composition therefor
US2935455A (en) * 1958-01-08 1960-05-03 Poor & Co Metal polishing compositions and electropolishing of metals therewith
US2986499A (en) * 1958-01-17 1961-05-30 Du Pont Electropolishing steel
US3010854A (en) * 1954-12-31 1961-11-28 Armco Steel Corp Pickling solution and method

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2740755A (en) * 1953-04-01 1956-04-03 Dwight E Couch Electropolishing with phosphorous acid

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2108603A (en) * 1933-08-02 1938-02-15 Aluminum Co Of America Production of aluminum reflecting surfaces
US2475586A (en) * 1943-04-09 1949-07-12 Thompson Prod Inc Method of electropolishing the internal surface of a hollow valve
US2521106A (en) * 1946-01-19 1950-09-05 C G Coun Ltd Method and bath for electropolishing
US2542779A (en) * 1948-01-07 1951-02-20 Columbus Metal Products Inc Electropolishing composition and process
US2662814A (en) * 1949-08-27 1953-12-15 Diversey Corp Method and composition for chemically polishing metals
US3010854A (en) * 1954-12-31 1961-11-28 Armco Steel Corp Pickling solution and method
US2920023A (en) * 1955-04-04 1960-01-05 Chrysler Corp Electrolytic cleaning of metal and composition therefor
US2861930A (en) * 1956-09-13 1958-11-25 Smith Corp A O Method of electropolishing and electrolytic solution therefor
US2935455A (en) * 1958-01-08 1960-05-03 Poor & Co Metal polishing compositions and electropolishing of metals therewith
US2986499A (en) * 1958-01-17 1961-05-30 Du Pont Electropolishing steel

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3859222A (en) * 1971-07-19 1975-01-07 North American Rockwell Silicon nitride-silicon oxide etchant
US3784424A (en) * 1971-09-27 1974-01-08 Gen Electric Process for boron containing glasses useful with semiconductor devices
US3793172A (en) * 1972-09-01 1974-02-19 Western Electric Co Processes and baths for electro-stripping plated metal deposits from articles
US4944986A (en) * 1988-09-23 1990-07-31 Zuel Company Anti-reflective glass surface
US5120605A (en) * 1988-09-23 1992-06-09 Zuel Company, Inc. Anti-reflective glass surface
US6929861B2 (en) 2002-03-05 2005-08-16 Zuel Company, Inc. Anti-reflective glass surface with improved cleanability
US11779477B2 (en) 2010-11-17 2023-10-10 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Radiopaque intraluminal stents
US11806488B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2023-11-07 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Medical device including a solderable linear elastic nickel-titanium distal end section and methods of preparation therefor
US20130092554A1 (en) * 2011-10-12 2013-04-18 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Electropolishing solution containing phosphorous pentoxide and methods of use thereof
US8613849B2 (en) * 2011-10-12 2013-12-24 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Electropolishing solution containing phosphorous pentoxide and methods of use thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1280630A (en) 1962-01-08
GB912868A (en) 1962-12-12
DE1107043B (en) 1961-05-18

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