US320172A - Wrench - Google Patents

Description

(N0 ModeL) S. ROBINSON.

WRENCH.

No. 320,172. Patented June 16, 1885.

UNITED SrAi-ns FATENT Crrrcn.

SQUIRE ROBINSON, OF SOUTHINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,172, dated June 16, 1885.

Application filed July 2-2, 1884.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, S UIRE RoBINsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Southington, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in \Vrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of socalled monkey-wrenches in which the movablejaw is actuated by a screw secured rotatably in a frame formed as an integral part of the wrenchbar, or attached fixedly thereto, my immediate object being to simplify somewhat the construction of said wrench so that the actuatingscrew and its supporting-frame may be cheaply made, quickly assembled, and when so assembled Inay rotate freely, with no tendency to cramp or rattle.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my wrench, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section, partly in elevation, of parts thereof.

The fixedjaw A, wrench-bar B, and movable jaw C, are all old and well known. The screw D, and its knurled head E are of the same general form as the ordinary screw and head. They are either made in one piece or rigidly connected, so as to be practically integral. In the outer end of the head I drill an axial hole, a, Fig. 2, in which I place the separately-formed loose journal-pin b. I also make this hole deep enough to receive the spring 0.

F designates the ferrule, G the step, and H the recessed shoulder, all formed in one piece or otherwise made practically integral. The interior of the forward part of the ferrule is squared to fit the wrench-bar, while the other part is round to inclose the end of the wooden handle I, as in prior wrenches. The face of the step G-that is,the side which confronts the shoulder His provided with a recess or hearing for the end of the journal-pin b, and the distance between this face and said shoulder is such that the head of the screw neatly fits therein, as shown.

In order to assemble the parts the j ournalpin is pushed inward against the spring 0 until its outer end is flush or nearly so with the mouth of the hole in the head E. The screwhead and spring-pressed pin are then moved bodily sidewise to bring the screwhead in (No model.)

proper position between the face of the step G and shoulder H, and so soon as the journalpin 1) is directly in front of its bearing in the step the spring will force said pin into place and hold it there, as shown in Fig. 2. By this construction the parts are readily assembled, and when assembled the integral step, ferrule, and shoulder furnish a firm and durable support for the screw, while there is less tendency for the screw to cramp and bind in place under strain than there is when the'journal is integral with the screw. I find in practice, too, that the spring-pressed pin 1) acts to prevent the rattling of parts which invariably follows when said parts are carelessly fitted or become worn by use.

It is a fact well known to those who have occasion to use screw monkey-wrenches that there is aconstant tendency on the part of the jaw actuating screw to rotate and unscrew slightly at every jar, and also while in the act of removing the wrench from and attachingit again to the nut or bolt which is being turned, thus allowing the movable jaw to work slowly away from the fixedjaw and slip on the nut,unless said movable j aw is frequently adjusted to fit said nut. In my new device,while the spring 0 is not stiff enough to prevent the operator from turning screw D to adjust jaw C, said spring, by constantly forcing pin b forward against its seat, acts as a friction-tension to check any tendency on the part of screw D to work loose with ordinary use. It should be noticed that the separately-formed loose journal-pin b is necessarily loosely fitted at both endsthat is, within the head of the screw and within the stepand the fact that there is less tendency for the screw to cramp and bind in place under strain than in prior wrenches is in a measure due to this construction.

The construction of the recessed shoulder, the step, and the ferrule which embraces the wrench-bar, all in one piece or integral, is of great importance in a combination where the separately-formed journal-pin b is employed, because the screw is held closely up to the step, and in case the ferrule works back toward the handle end of the wrench-bar under continued use, as is often the case, the screw will also work back with it, and there will be no liability of the out of place;

I am aware that a prior patent to myself shows an integral ferrulestep and recessed shoulder, with a screw having an integral head and journal-pin, and I hereby disclaim the same.

I am also aware that prior patents to others show somewhat similar wrenches, in which the screw having an integral head is pivoted to the step by a pin rigidly fixed in the step, while one end extends into an axial hole in the screw-head, upon which pin the screw freely'rotates. Another prior patent shows a wrench having a wrench -bar, a fixed and a movable jaw, the latter operated by a nut or worm, which engages arack on the side of the bar, said nut or worm being mounted upon a hinged but non-rotatable axle, which is held in position bya spring-pressed pin or latch. This latter wrench is materially different from mine, and particularly so in the fact that neither the spring nor the pin or latch ever comes in com journal pin ever working tact with any rotary part, and that the pin has no contact whatever with any part which receives the end-thrust of the movable jaws, or any part that is at all analogous to a step in the sense of that term as herein employed. All of said prior art is hereby disclaim'ed.

I claim as my invention In a Wrench of the class described, the ferrule E, the step G, having the pin receiving recess or hearing, and the recessed shoulder H, all made integral and adapted to be slipped upon the wrench-bar, as described, in combination with the headed screw D E, having the axial hole in its head end, the journal-pin b, loosely fitted within the step G and also within the screW-head,and the spring for holding said journal-pin in place, all substantially as de- 0 scribed, and for. the purposes specified.

' SQUIRE ROBINSON. WVit n esses i i EDDY N. SMITH, JAMES SHEPARD.

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