US866077A - Wrench. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SEPT. 17, 1907.

F. H. SHARAR.

WRENCH.

/NVENTOR A TTU/emi 1/5 APPLIOATION FILED 219.1901

FREDERICK II. SHARAR, OF WILLIAMSPORT, PENNSYLVANIA.

WRENCH.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 17', 1907.

Application filed April 9,1907. Serial No. 367,177.

To ail whom t't may concern:

Be it known that l, FREDERICK H. SHARAR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Williamsport, in the county ol Lycoming and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to improvements in tools wherein the work to be performed is accomplished by arelative turning movement thereof, the effort being applied by means of a handle or lever, and it has for its object to provide a device of this character wherein the relatively movable working elements are drawn together to more fnmly engage the work by reason of the effort applied to the handle, and also to provide such a device that may be operated in an opposite direction to obtain a positive grip on the work, the operative connection between the handle and the relatively movable work engaging elements of the tool serving also as an adjusting device for setting the elements of the tool at the proper distance.

To these and other en'ds, the invention comprises the various novel features of construction and combination and arrangement of parts, which will be hereinafter more fully described and pointed out particularly in the claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings z-Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of a pipe wrench constructed in accordance with the present invention, the jaw elements being shown in separated relation. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. l, the jaw elements being shown in proximated relation. Fig. 3 represents a transverse section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows the invention applied to a nut wrench.

Corresponding parts in the several figures are indicated throughout by similar characters of reference.

In that form 'of the invention shown in Figs. l. to 3, inclusive, the wrench embodies a jaw member 1 having a longitudinally extending socket 2 in which is fitted a shank 3 of a coperating jaw member 4, the latter and the jaw member' I being provided, in the present instance, with serrated working faces 5 and G, which are adapted to cooperate` with substantially round objects, such as pipes, and the like, the working faces of the jaws being adjustable relatively to one another by a longitudinal movement of the shank in its socket, the

working faces being maintained in parallel relation. The inner side of the shank is provided with a series of teeth or projections 7 suitably spaced longitudinally of the shank, and coperating with these teeth or projections is a dog 8 having one or more projections 9 thereon adapted to coperate with those bn the shank. The dog, in the present instance, is carried by a handle or lever l0 which is pivoted at ll between the sides 12 of the jaw l, the lever or handle being mounted to turn in a plane parallel to the plane of adjustment of the jaw members, and it has an eccentrically arranged cylindrical recess 13 thereon extending in a direction parallel to the axis of the lever, the dog having a correspondingly shaped bearing M at one end rotatably fitted into the recess in the handle or lever, the dog being movable in a plane parallel to the plane of movement of the handle. The free end of the dog is provided with a rearwardly extending projection l5 which extends to the outside of the jaw member l and serves as a finger grip by means of which the dog may be retracted and thereby disengaged from the shank 3. A fiat spring 16 having one end fitting into a slot l7 in the handle and bearing at its other end against the rear side of the dog serves to normally hold the latter in cooperative relation with the shank. The lever Orhandle is provided with a shoulder I8 which extends substantially at right angles to the plane of direction of the lever and is adapted to cooperate with the abutment I9 formed behind the gripping face of the jaw l, the shoulder and abutment thus provided serving as a positive stop for limiting the turning movement of the handle relatively to the jaw members in one direction.

In operating the wrench constructed in the manner hereinbefore described, the jaw members are adjusted approximately to the work by reti-acting the dog by pressure of the thumb on the projection l5, as this pcrmits the shank to operate longitudinally in its socket to vary the distance between the working faces of the jaw members, and after the wrench has been applied to the pipe or other article to be manipulated, the lever or handle is operated in the direction that will carry its upper end away from the free end of the shank, and this will cause the shoulder 18 thereon to leave the abutment I9, and the dog mounted eccentrically on the lever andcoperating with the projections on the shank will op erate the shank 3 in a direction rearwardly in its socket, thereby causing the working faces of the .jaw members to be proximated substantially as shown in Fig. 2. When the lever or handle is operated in the opposite direction, the dog will move in a direction that will permit a separating movement of the jaw members that will enable the tool to obtain another grip on the work or to be removed therefrom.

In that form of the invention shown in Fig. 4, the tool embodies a pair of coperatively arranged jaw members 20 and 2l having faces suitable to engage objects having substantially parallel or angular faces thereon, one of the jaw members, the member 20 in the present instance, having a shank 22 thereon guided to operate in a transversely arranged socket 23 formed in the jaw member 2l, the latter being pivotally attached by the screw 24 to a handle or lever 25, the latter in this instance being arranged to swing relatively to the jaw members and substantially in the plane of relative adj ustment of these parts. The shank 22 of the jaw member 20 is provided with a series of projections 26 suitably spaced longitudinally thereof, and the handle or lever is provided with a cylindrical recess 27 extending in a direction parallel to its axis oi movement, and into this recess is fitted a correspondingly shaped head 28 formed on one end oi the dog 29, the latter having one or more projections formed thereon adapted to coperate with the projections on the shank, and the end oi the dog being extended through an aperture 3l to the exterior o the jaw member to iorm an operating proj ection 32. A spring 35, rigidly secured in a recess 34 in the handle and engaging the rear side oi the jaw, serves to normally retain the latter in coperative relation with the jaw operating shank, the normal action oi this spring also serving to operate the handle or lever in a direction that will close or proximate the jaw members, the spring 16 in thc iorm shown in Figs. l to 3, inclusive, also having the dual function of holding the jaws in cooperative relation with the jaw operating shank and acting to operate the handle or lever in a direction that will close or proximate the jaw members. The shoulder 35 on the handle 25 is arranged to engage the abutment 36 formed in the jaw member 2l when the handle or lever is operated in a direction that will open or release the jaws, and in this particular embodiment oi the invention the tool may be operated as an ordinary wrench wherein the jaws are positively held in fixed relation by operating the handle ll in a direction that will engage the shoulder 35 and the abutment 3G, or it may be so manipulated that the jaw members will tend to close and grip the work more firmly as the effort is applied to the handle.

ln both iorms oi the invention a parallel relation is maintained between the jaw members irrespective oi their relative adjustment or the relative position occupied by the handle, the increasing grip on the work being accomplished by a relative movement ot the jaw members in a direction substantially perpendicular to their working iaces.

lt will be understood, oi course, that the invention may be applied also to the so-called monkey-wrench, in which case the working laces would be substantially plain instead of serrated, as shown in Figs. l and 2, and it may be also applied to pipe cutters, in which ease the jaw members would be provided with the usual cutting wheels, and that it may be applied also to various other tools wherein it is desirable to obtain the results hereinbefore described.

What is claimed is:-

1. In a tool of the character' described, the combination with a pair of jaw members having cooperating working faces, one of the members having a pair of parallel side plates and heilig provided with a socket, and the other member havingr a notched shank guided to operate in said socket, of a handle having one end pivoted between the said side plates of one of the jaws, a dog pivotally mounted on the handle and cooperating with the notched shank at all positions of adjustment ot' the handle for proximating the jaws when the-handle is turned in one direction, a releasing handle' on the dog for disengaging it from the notched shank, and cooperatively arranged shoulders on the handle and the jaw member to which it is pivoted for positively limiting the turning movement of the handle in a reverse direction.

:2. In a tool of the character described, the combination with a pair of jaw members having cooperating werking faces, one of the members having a pair of parallel side plates, a socket formed between them, and a limiting shoulder between the said plates and in rear of the working face of the respective jaw, and the other member having a notched shank guided to operate in the said socket, of a handle having one end pivoted between the said side plates of one of the jaw members and having a limiting shoulder arranged to engage that on the respective jaw member when' the handle is turned in one direction, and a dog pivotally attached to the handle and cooperating with the notched shank to proximate the jaw members when the handle is turned in an opposite direction, the dog forming an operative connection between the shank and handle at all positions of adjustment of the latter, and a handle carried by the dog and operable independently of the wrench handle for disengaging the dog from the notched shank,

In testimony that l claim the foregoing as my own, l have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK H. SHARAR.

Witnesses E. C. EDWARDS, Buss G. THOMPSON.

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