US3190625A - Preheating process and apparatus for vitrifiable composition - Google Patents

Preheating process and apparatus for vitrifiable composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US3190625A
US3190625A US394171A US39417164A US3190625A US 3190625 A US3190625 A US 3190625A US 394171 A US394171 A US 394171A US 39417164 A US39417164 A US 39417164A US 3190625 A US3190625 A US 3190625A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
composition
screen
crucible
preheating
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US394171A
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English (en)
Inventor
Brichard Edgard
Plumat Emile
Eloy Pierre
Jacobs Alfred
Boffe Maurice
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGC Glass Europe SA
Original Assignee
Glaverbel Belgium SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Glaverbel Belgium SA filed Critical Glaverbel Belgium SA
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Publication of US3190625A publication Critical patent/US3190625A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
    • C03B3/02—Charging the melting furnaces combined with preheating, premelting or pretreating the glass-making ingredients, pellets or cullet
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/12—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in shaft furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
    • C03B5/2356—Submerged heating, e.g. by using heat pipes, hot gas or submerged combustion burners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new and useful process and apparatus for the preheating of a composition serving for Working glass and similar vitriiiable products, and it relates more particularly to furnaces in which the composition is preheated in a special zone while falling freely in dispersed form countercurrently to a flow of hot fumes emanating from the melting Zone of the furnace but while preventing radiation to the preheating zone.
  • vitrifiable composition In furnaces of this type, it is advantageous to preheat the vitrifiable composition by the fumes to the exclusion of any other source of heat. Thus, a maximum temperature difference is maintained between the fumes and the grains of composition ⁇ and a good heat transfer from the first to the second is insured.
  • the vitriable materials are appreciably heated by other sources, mainly by the radiation from the molten materials contained in the furnace. Consequently, the grains of vitrifiable mixture which are partially heated by these secondary sources extract relatively less heat from the fumes than they could if they were heated only by the fumes.
  • the thermal yield of the furnace is thereby reduced because a greater quantity of heat is carried away by the fumes.
  • the molten materials contained in the melting Zone of the furnace radiate their heat to the walls of the preheating zone and thus increase the heat losses through these walls.
  • the invention has .the object of improving the thermal yield of these furnaces.
  • the preheating zone is shielded from the radiation of the molten materials and this radiation is reflected by means of a substantially horizontal screen situated between the melting zone and the preheating zone.
  • the heat radiated by the molten products to the preheating zone is intercepted and is returned to the crucible containing the molten materials.
  • the furnace includes above the crucible containing the molten materials a substantially horizontal screen intended to intercept the radiation from the mass of molten materials and to reflect the heat radiated by the crucible.
  • the said screen is preferably situated between the crucible ⁇ and the heat exchange column in which the transfer of heat takes place between the fumes and the grains of composition.
  • the reflecting screen performs a double function. It intercepts the radiation of heat from the crucible to the exchanger column and consequently prevents heating of the walls of the column thereby. On the other hand, it reduces the heat "lee losses of the mass of molten products by reflecting a considerable proportion of the heat which they radiate.
  • the screen may be made in one piece formed with an orifice for the passage of the fumes and the composition, it advantageously consists of a number of separate parts which partially overlap one another.
  • a baille passage is provided between the various parts to enable the fumes and the composition to pass through the screen while preventing the passage of the radiation emitted by the molten materials in the crucible.
  • the crucible containing the molten products and having the screen mounted thereon is staggered in relation to the heat exchange column and is situated eccentrically at the base of this column.
  • the crucible and the column intercommunicate through a lateral passage situated in the upper part of the crucible and in the lower part of the column.
  • a screen may be disposed in the heat exchange column as previously described for the purpose of intercepting the indirect radiation coming from the crucible.
  • the orifice of the connect-ion between the two parts of the furnace permits the passage of the fumes and of the composition, but it is so positioned that the radiation from the mass of molten products cannot pass therethrough so as to heat the composition falling through the heat exchange column.
  • the screen preferably consists of a refractory material and may advantageously be covered with a layer having high reflecting power, such as, for example, a noble metal such as platinum. rfhese arrangements make it possible to increase further the quantity of heat returned to the molten products and they avoid excessive overheating of the reflecting screen.
  • FIG. 1 is -a diagrammatic Vertical section through a furnace constructed in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic vertical section through a modified furnace.
  • the furnace according to FIG. l is composed of an envelope 1 of refractory material forming the crucible 2 at the base and, above the latter, the heat exchange column 3.
  • The-re opens at the top of the heat exchange column 3 the orifice d for charging the furnace, the said orilice being closed by a flap 5.
  • the raw materials constituting the vitrifiable composition 16 are introduced into the furnace through the orifice 4 in such a manner to fall freely in scattered or dispersed form throughout the vertical and horizontal extent of column 3 Without obstruction until reaching screen ⁇ 13 which serves with screen 11 to separate the melting zone therebelow from the heat exchange column thereabove.
  • composition 7 is analogous to rain fall, thus permitting the most effective exchange with the rising hot gases, until forming banks 16 of composition on the screens 11 and 13. Thereafter, the composition flows in streams 21 from the first screen 13 to second screen 11 and stream 22 to the surface above the molten glass 8 in the crucible 2, the molten glass being discharged through the connection 9.
  • the crucible 2 is provided with burners 11B which inject burning gases into the molten glass S.
  • the gases thereafter rise through the column 3, thus heating the grains of composition falling therethrough, and the gases finally escape through the orifice 6 -to the chimney.
  • a screen 11 of refractory material limited to a portion of the cross-section of the furnace, so as to define a passage 12 for the circulation of the fumes and of the composition.
  • a similar screen 13 extending in the opposite direction thereto, so that the screen 13 covers the passage 12 and the passage 14 beside the screen 13 is situated vertically above the screen 11.
  • the crucible 2 and the column 3 are not disposed in line with one another, but the crucible 2 is laterally offset in relation to the base of the column 3.
  • Mounted on the crucible 2 is a roof 17 forming a reflecting screen, while the column 3 is closed at its base by a sole 18, the roof 17 and the sole 18 forming part of the envelope 1 of the furnace.
  • the upper part of the crucible 2 is joined to the lower part of the column 3 by a passage 19 serving as a means of communication for the grains of composition and for the fumes.
  • the radiation from the molten glass mass 8 is intercepted by the roof 17 and reected to the mass 8.
  • This arrangement is further improved by disposing a screen 1-1 towards the base of the heat exchange column 3. This screen intercepts a fraction of the indirect radia- -tion emitted by the crucible 2 towards the column 3 and prevents obstruction of the passage 19 by the composition accumulating on the sole 18.
  • the lower faces 20 of the screens 11 and 13 or of the roof 17 are covered by a layer of a material having a high reflecting power.
  • a material having a high reflecting power there may be used, for example, a noble metal such as platinum.
  • the quantity of heat reflected towards the mass 8 is thus increased, the heating of the screens or of the roof is reduced, and the quantity of heat lost by the roof 17 is decreased.
  • the heat exchange columns 3 are well known conventional structures to the glass art except for the screens 11, 13, and 17 and the offset passage 19. It is important that there be unobstructed and free fall above the screens which define the separation between melting zone and heat exchange column. Preferably this unobstructed column should be at least four inches in diameter and one foot in height.
  • a furnace having a melting compartment including a crucible, and an unobstructed vertical feeding and heat exchange shaft mounted above the opening of said crucible for preheating a vitriable composition by passing hot fumes emanating from said crucible countercurrently to said composition falling freely in dispersed condition through substantially the entire cross-section and length of said heat exchange shaft, the improvement in combination therewith comprising a substantially horizontal reflecting screen in said shaft separating said melting compartment and said shaft, the under surface of said screen adapted to reflect back any radiation from said crucible.
  • T he furnace of claim 5 wherein said screen includes a plurality of spaced members which partially overlap one another.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
US394171A 1961-02-07 1964-09-03 Preheating process and apparatus for vitrifiable composition Expired - Lifetime US3190625A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE477301 1961-02-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3190625A true US3190625A (en) 1965-06-22

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ID=3844526

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US394171A Expired - Lifetime US3190625A (en) 1961-02-07 1964-09-03 Preheating process and apparatus for vitrifiable composition

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3190625A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH377488A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1235527B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (2) ES273981A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI41430B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB983873A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL274167A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3565407A (en) * 1967-10-23 1971-02-23 Krupp Gmbh Method and apparatus for preheating scrap
DE2642947A1 (de) * 1975-09-27 1977-04-07 Central Glass Co Ltd Verfahren zur rueckgewinnung der waerme der aus einem wannenglasofen austretenden verbrennungsgase
DE2750746A1 (de) * 1976-11-15 1978-05-24 Central Glass Co Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum vorschmelzen der ausgangsstoffe fuer die glasherstellung
EP3138820A1 (en) * 2015-09-03 2017-03-08 Johns Manville Apparatus and method for pre-heating feedstock to a melter using melter exhaust
US10081565B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2018-09-25 Johns Manville Systems and methods for making foamed glass using submerged combustion
US10472268B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2019-11-12 Johns Manville Systems and methods for glass manufacturing

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3116755C2 (de) * 1981-04-28 1983-05-19 Gerresheimer Glas AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Vorrichtung zum Vorerhitzen von Einsatzstoffen für Glasschmelzen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1153561A (en) * 1915-05-21 1915-09-14 Oliver P Moore Oil-burning smelting-furnace.
US2597585A (en) * 1949-07-01 1952-05-20 George E Howard Glass melting method and apparatus
US2926458A (en) * 1955-12-13 1960-03-01 Owens Illinois Glass Co Colored glass frit feeder

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1256831A (fr) * 1959-05-12 1961-03-24 Union Des Verreries Mecaniques Procédé et dispositif pour améliorer le préchauffage, l'enfournement et la fusion de matières pulvérulentes dans les fours de fusion

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1153561A (en) * 1915-05-21 1915-09-14 Oliver P Moore Oil-burning smelting-furnace.
US2597585A (en) * 1949-07-01 1952-05-20 George E Howard Glass melting method and apparatus
US2926458A (en) * 1955-12-13 1960-03-01 Owens Illinois Glass Co Colored glass frit feeder

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3565407A (en) * 1967-10-23 1971-02-23 Krupp Gmbh Method and apparatus for preheating scrap
DE2642947A1 (de) * 1975-09-27 1977-04-07 Central Glass Co Ltd Verfahren zur rueckgewinnung der waerme der aus einem wannenglasofen austretenden verbrennungsgase
DE2750746A1 (de) * 1976-11-15 1978-05-24 Central Glass Co Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum vorschmelzen der ausgangsstoffe fuer die glasherstellung
US10081565B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2018-09-25 Johns Manville Systems and methods for making foamed glass using submerged combustion
US10472268B2 (en) 2010-06-17 2019-11-12 Johns Manville Systems and methods for glass manufacturing
EP3138820A1 (en) * 2015-09-03 2017-03-08 Johns Manville Apparatus and method for pre-heating feedstock to a melter using melter exhaust
US9815726B2 (en) 2015-09-03 2017-11-14 Johns Manville Apparatus, systems, and methods for pre-heating feedstock to a melter using melter exhaust
US20180029915A1 (en) * 2015-09-03 2018-02-01 Johns Manville Apparatus, systems, and methods for pre-heating feedstock to a melter using melter exhaust

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH377488A (fr) 1964-05-15
FI41430B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-07-31
DE1235527B (de) 1967-03-02
GB983873A (en) 1965-02-17
ES273981A1 (es) 1962-05-16
ES275969A1 (es) 1962-07-16
NL274167A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01

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