US3123875A - Madwed - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3123875A
US3123875A US19891662A US3123875A US 3123875 A US3123875 A US 3123875A US 19891662 A US19891662 A US 19891662A US 3123875 A US3123875 A US 3123875A
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Prior art keywords
die
molten metal
casting
gooseneck
nozzle
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Priority to US19891662 priority Critical patent/US3123875A/en
Priority to DEP1271A priority patent/DE1271322B/de
Priority to CH678663A priority patent/CH412211A/de
Priority to GB21652/63A priority patent/GB985153A/en
Priority to FR965190A priority patent/FR1383493A/fr
Priority to BE644510D priority patent/BE644510A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3123875A publication Critical patent/US3123875A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/02—Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted
    • B22D17/04—Plunger machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to die casting methods and apparatus and more particularly to improvements in die casting whereby the problems arising from the freezing of molten metal in the nozzle of the injection device and/or the drippage of molten metal onto the die faces are avoided.
  • Conventional die casting machines comprise a pair of dies, one of which is movable and the other of which is mounted in stationary position on the machine and is provided with an opening through which the molten casting metal is injected.
  • the molten metal is supplied by a pot on the machine and is injected into the die cavity, formed when the movable and stationary dies are brought together, by means of a plunger or piston which forces the molten metal through a gooseneck-type passage and through a nozzle at the end thereof into the die cavity.
  • Metal is supplied to the gooseneck-type passage from a heated pot by a till port which is closed off by the plunger when the plunger starts down.
  • the plunger After the plunger forces metal through the gooseneck and nozzle and into the die cavity, the plunger starts to return to its full up position and pulls a vacuum between the metal that remains in the gooseneck and the solidilied metal that remains in the filled die cavity. As soon as the ll port in the gooseneck chamber is opened, the atmospheric pressure above the molten metal in the pot forces the molten metal back into the gooseneck to ll the gooseneck and nozzle up to the metal which has previously remained in the die cavity. After the plunger returns to its full up position, the dies remain closed for a preset time to allow the casting to cool. After the preset time the dies open and the casting is pulled away from the nozzle.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side View of a segment of an automatic die casting machine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a segment of the machine illustrated by FIG. l and showing the molten metal being injected into the die cavity.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 2 but illustrating ⁇ the plunger in partially retracted position during solidification of the casting.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 2 but illustrating the plunger in fully retracted position and the dies being separated prior to ejection of the solidified casting.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of an automatic die casting machine mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Ithe present die casting machines comprise a furnace 1 having a heating chamber 2 ⁇ and ian opening 3y providing access for a gas flame or other heat-supplying means. Into; the heating chamber is mounted a vat 4 for maintaining the casting metal 5 in a molten condition.
  • the vat is preferably separated into two receptacles, A and B, by means of partition 6, as illustrated, and the level of the molten metal in receptacle or pot A lis maintained constant by means of ladle 7 which is pivotally mounted on shaft 8 and which is yalso yslidably secured by pin 9 in slot 10 mounted on shaft 11 adjustably secured to the movable die block frame 12 by means of nuts i3. Any excess molten metal added to pot A by the ladle spills back over the partition into receptacle B.
  • metal injection mechanism 14 having -a shot cylinder 15, gooseneck 16 and provided at the upper end with a nozzle t7 communicating with the sprue -opening 18 of die 19 which is monuted in fixed position on the frame 20 of the machine.
  • Plunger 21 is slidably mounted with- -in the shot cylinder- 15 and extends upward into a cylinder 22 mounted on the top frame of the machine.
  • the cylinder 15 has a fill pont 14a communicating with the pot A and the molten metal therein to fill the cylinder i when the plunger is at its uppermost position.
  • rIlhe top lof the plunger has mounted thereon piston 23 which is reciprocated in the shot cylinder by means of oil pressure alternatively exerted and exhausted through supply lines 24 and 24a which are connected to distributing valve 2.6, shown lin FIG. 5.
  • the plunger When the plunger is actuated downwardly or on forward stroke by exerting oil pressure in line 24 and exhausting through line 24a, it first closes the fill pont 14a and then .displaces the molten metal from the shot cylinder forcing it though gooseneck 16 and out the nozzle 17 into the die cavity as illustrated by lFIG. 2. This step occurs only when the dies are in engagement.
  • the movable die 27 tis mounted on die lblock 12 which has attached thereto plunger 23 which has on the opposite end a piston 29 slidably mounted within cylinder section 30, as illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the movable die 27 is moved towards yand locked against stationary die 19 by means of oil pressure exerted in cylinder 30, energizing plunger 2S and the die block.
  • the die block and movable die are kept in perfect alignment with the stationary die by means of rods 31 on which the die block is slidably mounted by means of sleeves 32.
  • ejector bearing plate 33 Associated with the movable die 27 is ejector bearing plate 33 having attached thereto knockout pins 34 and ejector rods 35.
  • the ejector plate When the movable die is in engagement with the fixed die, the ejector plate is in the position shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and the knockout pins are retracted so -as to be flush with the surface of the movable die.
  • the ejector rods make contact with lan ejector block, segments shown 'as 319 in FIG. l, compressing springs 36 and forcing the knockout pins ⁇ against the casting 5a and ⁇ ejecting the casting from the core 37 on the movable die.
  • FIG. l Also shown in FIG. l is ⁇ an auxiliary molten metal supply vat 49 which is suitably heated and which supplies additional mol-ten alloy metal as needed to receptacle B of main vat 4 by means of power-operated ladle 41 which is pivotally mounted on stationary arm 42 and on pistonoperated arm 43.
  • each casting cycle begins when the ⁇ dies are separated or in open lposition and the injection plunger -is in the up position as illustrated by FIG. l.
  • the dies are closed tand the plunger descends and fills the cavity.
  • the plunger returns to its top fill port-opening position where it remains during the second phase of the cooling and article solidifying cycle, the length or" which depends upon the size and thickness of the articles being cast, a matter of four or five seconds with small castings, in order to permit the met-al in the article-forming cavities to solidify. It is at the beginning of the second phase of the cooling and ar-ticle solidifying operation where the present invention departs substantially from the conventional methods. According to the present invention, the plunger is not returned to its top position in which the fill port is opened but remains in Ian intermediate position keeping the fill port closed until the second phase of the casting operation is completed and the ⁇ dies are opened.
  • a cycle is started when a casting made by the previous cycle and ejected onto chute 44 depresses pivoted arm 45 ⁇ and actuates switch 46 to set timer 47.
  • the timer actuates distributing valve 48 which in turn energizes piston 29 within cylinder section 36' by means of oil pressure exerted through supply line 49 and exhausted through supply line 49a.
  • the forward motion of the movable die -27 trips switch 50 and -actuates timer 51 ⁇ associated with distributing valve 26 for actuating the plunger 21.
  • the plunger makes its forward stroke and forces molten metal from the shot cylinder into the ydie cavity through gooseneck and nozzle 17.
  • timer 51 again actuates distributing valve 26 and the plunger 21 begins its reverse stroke as the distributing valve converts exhaust line 24a to a power supply line and supply line 24 to an exhaust line, but according to the present invention the plunger is stopped from returning to the full up position as a lug 52 on the upper portion of the plunger trips switch 53 lactuating stop valve 54 which prevents the further exhaust of oi-l through line 24 and locks the plunger in the intermediate position a-a illustrated by FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • timer 47 again actuates distributing valve 48 causing the movable die 27 to be separated from the stationary die 19.
  • the solidified casting 5a remains attached to the movable die section core 37, as illustrated by FIG. 4.
  • the movable die As the movable die is withdrawn, it trips switch 55 which activates stop valve S4 releasing the same, thereby allowing the oil to exhaust from supply line 24 and causing the plunger to complete the reverse stroke as illustrated by FIG. 1 and shown by broken lines in FIG. 4, and opening the fill port 14a whereby additional molten metal is allowed to flow into the injection mechanism to compensate for the amount used up in the casting operation.
  • the opening of fill port 14a allows the molten metal to fiow into the injection mechanism and to ll the gooseneck section until the level therein is equal to the level in pot A as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the level of the molten metal in the gooseneck is preferably kept high and as close to the opening in the nozzle as practical in order to reduce the amount of air present in the gooseneck and nozzle since excess amounts of air forced into the die cavity during the casting cycle result in defective castings containing air pockets and surface blemishes. This is preferably accomplished by means of the automatic ladling device illustrated.
  • the height or level of the molten metal in the gooseneck section corresponds with the level of the molten metal in pot A of the vat which in turn is controlled by the height of partition 6 separating from the vat into pots A and B.
  • ladle 7 which had been in the lowered position submerged in the molten metal in pot B, as illustrated by the broken lines in FIG. l and as shown by FIG. 2, is pivoted on shaft 8 causing the spoon section of the ladle to be raised and causing the molten metal therein to be spilled over into pot A to compensate for the amount of molten metal used up in the casting operation.
  • the essential feature of the invention involves the provision of a die casting machine with suitable attachments whereby a vacuum is created in the gooseneck of the molten metal injection mechanism and the vacuum is kept intact until after the dies have been separated and the solidified casting has been withdrawn from the sprue opening of the stationary die.
  • the aforementioned vacuum may be maintained in any desired manner such as by providing the fill port with a valve which is only opened when the dies are out of engagement or by controlling the withdrawal of the plunger whereby it moves at a reduced speed and enables the casting to be solidified and the die faces separated prior to the time that the plunger reaches the fill port, it is at present preferred to increase the efficiency of the apparatus by providing the plunger with a stop valve, as illustrated by the accompanying drawings, whereby the plunger quickly retracts to position a-a and is held in this position for a preset time to allow the casting in the article forming cavities to solidify and the die faces to separate before being returned to the full up position.
  • the sprue of the casting will be semi-molten and a small amount of molten metal may drip from the tip of the sprue or from the nozzle. In most cases this metal falls against the face of the movable die as it is withdrawn and solidifies thereon so as to prevent the die faces from coming into perfect contact during the next casting cycle.
  • too much cooling is applied, then even the residual molten metal in the nozzle in communication with the sprue opening will freeze and solidify together with the sprue of the casting whereby the tip of the sprue may break olf and stick in the sprue opening. Then the machine must be stopped and the solidified metal must be removed from the sprue opening and from the nozzle before the next cycle can be run.
  • a die casting machine for molten metal comprising a metal injection mechanism having a plunger and an injection cylinder and gooseneck which is adapted to be partially immersed in a pot of molten metal, said cylinder having a fill port which, when open, receives molten metal from the pot; a nozzle connected to said gooseneck; fixed and movable cavity-forming die members, the former having a sprue hole to communicate with said nozzle; means for moving said movable die member into and out of engagement with said fiXed die member; means for moving said plunger within said cylinder to close the fill port and cause molten metal to be injected into said die cavity through said gooseneck and nozzle land for retracting said plunger to such molten metal from the nozzle and adjacent portion of the gooseneck and create a vacuum until the fill port is uncovered whereby additional molten metal is allowed to fow therein; means for keeping said fill port closed and maintaining the vacuum in the nozzle and adjacent portion of the gooseneck until the molten metal injected into the die cavity has
  • a die casting machine as defined in claim l in which the means for maintaining the fill port closed comprises means for arresting the plunger before it uncovers the fill port.
  • a die casting machine -as defined in claim 3 in which there are means operated coordinately with the closing movement of the die members for rendering the said plunger-arresting means operative.
  • the improvement which comprises applying a vacuum to said passage after the die cavity is filled, and after portions of the casting metal in the die have solidified to trap the metal in the article-forming cavities in the die and maintaining said vacuum until after the die parts are separated.
  • a die-casting process in which molten metal is injected through a nozzle and a sprue hole into the cavity of a pair of closed dies to form an article by operation of a plunger in a cylinder submerged in a pot of molten metal, the cylinder being connected to the nozzle by a gooseneck and receiving molten metal from the pot through a passage leading into its wall, the steps of closing the dies; operating the plunger to inject molten metal through the gooseneck and nozzle into the cavity formed c by the dies and at thel same time closing the passage from the pot to the cylinder; while the dies remain closed applying rapid return movement to the plunger while maintaining said passage closed to create and maintain until the dies separate a strong suction in the gooseneck to withdraw the molten metal from the sprue, the nozzle and adjacent part of the gooseneck and thereby prevent any molten rnetal from dripping from the sprue or the end of the nozzle or freezing in the nozzle and adjacent part of the gooseneck
  • a die-casting process in which molten metal is injected through a nozzle and a sprue hole into the cavity of a pair of closed dies to form an article by operation of a plunger in a cylinder submerged in a pot of molten metal, the cylinder being connected to the nozzle by a gooseneck and receiving molten metal from the pot through a passage in its wall, the steps of closing the dies; operating the plunger to close said passage in the wall of the cylinder and then inject molten metal through the gooseneck nozzle into the die cavity; while the dies remain closed rapidly returning the plunger to a position in which the passage from the pot remains closed to create and maintain until the dies separate a strong suction in the gooseneck to withdraw the molten metal from the sprue, the nozzle and adjacent part of the gooseneck and thereby prevent any molten metal from dripping from the sprue or the end of the nozzle or freezing in the nozzle and adjacent part of the gooseneck when the dies are separated and the casting removed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
US19891662 1962-05-31 1962-05-31 Madwed Expired - Lifetime US3123875A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US19891662 US3123875A (en) 1962-05-31 1962-05-31 Madwed
DEP1271A DE1271322B (de) 1962-05-31 1963-05-21 Druckgiessverfahren und Maschine dazu
CH678663A CH412211A (de) 1962-05-31 1963-05-30 Druckgiessverfahren und Druckgiessmaschine zur Ausführung des Verfahrens
GB21652/63A GB985153A (en) 1962-05-31 1963-05-30 Die casting method and apparatus
FR965190A FR1383493A (fr) 1962-05-31 1964-02-26 Procédé et appareil de moulage par injection
BE644510D BE644510A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1962-05-31 1964-02-28

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US19891662 US3123875A (en) 1962-05-31 1962-05-31 Madwed

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3123875A true US3123875A (en) 1964-03-10

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ID=22735427

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US19891662 Expired - Lifetime US3123875A (en) 1962-05-31 1962-05-31 Madwed

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3123875A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE644510A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH412211A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1271322B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1383493A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB985153A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3179295A (en) * 1965-04-20 Die casting machine gooseneck using air injection with controlled .volume accumulator chamber
US3474854A (en) * 1966-09-06 1969-10-28 Die Casting Machine Tools Ltd Die casting machine with means for hydraulically braking plunger retraction
JPS5125530Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1970-07-15 1976-06-29
US4085791A (en) * 1976-01-26 1978-04-25 International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. Method of pore-free die casting
US4245690A (en) * 1977-05-28 1981-01-20 Gebrueder Buehler Ag Hot chamber die casting machine and method for controlling the flow of melt during and immediately after molding a part
US20030205350A1 (en) * 2002-05-01 2003-11-06 Takata Corporation Injection molding method and apparatus with base mounted feeder
US6666258B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2003-12-23 Takata Corporation Method and apparatus for supplying melted material for injection molding
US20040074626A1 (en) * 1998-03-31 2004-04-22 Takata Corporation Injection molding method and apparatus with reduced piston leakage
US6739379B2 (en) 1995-09-01 2004-05-25 Takata Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing light metal alloy
US20040231820A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 Takata Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing metallic parts by die casting
US20040231821A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 Takata Corporation Vertical injection machine using three chambers
US20040231819A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 Takata Corporation Vertical injection machine using gravity feed
DE102007025772A1 (de) * 2007-05-24 2008-11-27 Meltec Industrieofenbau Gmbh Schmelzentiegel mit Überlauf für eine Gießmaschine
US8459331B2 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-06-11 Crucible Intellectual Property, Llc Vacuum mold

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2660769A (en) * 1950-12-18 1953-12-01 Dow Chemical Co Die casting
US3056178A (en) * 1959-08-12 1962-10-02 Francis A Jagielski Apparatus for making die castings

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2660769A (en) * 1950-12-18 1953-12-01 Dow Chemical Co Die casting
US3056178A (en) * 1959-08-12 1962-10-02 Francis A Jagielski Apparatus for making die castings

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3179295A (en) * 1965-04-20 Die casting machine gooseneck using air injection with controlled .volume accumulator chamber
US3474854A (en) * 1966-09-06 1969-10-28 Die Casting Machine Tools Ltd Die casting machine with means for hydraulically braking plunger retraction
JPS5125530Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1970-07-15 1976-06-29
US4085791A (en) * 1976-01-26 1978-04-25 International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. Method of pore-free die casting
US4245690A (en) * 1977-05-28 1981-01-20 Gebrueder Buehler Ag Hot chamber die casting machine and method for controlling the flow of melt during and immediately after molding a part
US6739379B2 (en) 1995-09-01 2004-05-25 Takata Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing light metal alloy
US6942006B2 (en) 1998-03-31 2005-09-13 Takata Corporation Injection molding method and apparatus with reduced piston leakage
US20040074626A1 (en) * 1998-03-31 2004-04-22 Takata Corporation Injection molding method and apparatus with reduced piston leakage
US6666258B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2003-12-23 Takata Corporation Method and apparatus for supplying melted material for injection molding
US20030205350A1 (en) * 2002-05-01 2003-11-06 Takata Corporation Injection molding method and apparatus with base mounted feeder
US6742570B2 (en) 2002-05-01 2004-06-01 Takata Corporation Injection molding method and apparatus with base mounted feeder
US6945310B2 (en) 2003-05-19 2005-09-20 Takata Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing metallic parts by die casting
US20040231819A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 Takata Corporation Vertical injection machine using gravity feed
US20050022958A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2005-02-03 Takata Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing metallic parts by die casting
US6880614B2 (en) 2003-05-19 2005-04-19 Takata Corporation Vertical injection machine using three chambers
US20040231821A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 Takata Corporation Vertical injection machine using three chambers
US20040231820A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 Takata Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing metallic parts by die casting
US6951238B2 (en) 2003-05-19 2005-10-04 Takata Corporation Vertical injection machine using gravity feed
US7150308B2 (en) 2003-05-19 2006-12-19 Takata Corporation Method and apparatus for manufacturing metallic parts by die casting
US7296611B2 (en) 2003-05-19 2007-11-20 Advanced Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for manufacturing metallic parts by die casting
DE102007025772A1 (de) * 2007-05-24 2008-11-27 Meltec Industrieofenbau Gmbh Schmelzentiegel mit Überlauf für eine Gießmaschine
EP1997572A3 (de) * 2007-05-24 2009-11-04 Meltec Industrieofenbau GmbH Schmelzentiegel mit Überlauf für eine Giessmaschine
US8459331B2 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-06-11 Crucible Intellectual Property, Llc Vacuum mold

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1383493A (fr) 1964-12-24
CH412211A (de) 1966-04-30
DE1271322B (de) 1968-06-27
GB985153A (en) 1965-03-03
BE644510A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-06-15

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