US3121278A - Production of uniformly pill-resistant polyamide fibers - Google Patents

Production of uniformly pill-resistant polyamide fibers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3121278A
US3121278A US182084A US18208462A US3121278A US 3121278 A US3121278 A US 3121278A US 182084 A US182084 A US 182084A US 18208462 A US18208462 A US 18208462A US 3121278 A US3121278 A US 3121278A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
hydrogen peroxide
fibers
production
crimped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US182084A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ira G Epstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE629974D priority Critical patent/BE629974A/xx
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US182084A priority patent/US3121278A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3121278A publication Critical patent/US3121278A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
    • D02G1/127—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes including drawing or stretching on the same machine
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/21—Nylon

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of which are resistant to pilling and fuzzing in articles.
  • Fibers prepared from synthetic linear polyares have proved superior to natural fibers in many respects and are particularly noteworthy for their increased durability.
  • the finished a1 'ticle becomes unsatisfactory in appearance after short usage due to excessive pilling and fuzzing.
  • Filling refers to the formation of little balls of fiber on the surface of the finished article due to the entanglement of loose fibers. Less; well-defined fiber entanglements are called fuzz.
  • the accumulation of pills fuzz in finished articles prepared with such fibers is avoided by breakage of the anchoring fibers at the weak spots, which are characterized with respect to frequency and severity by a value no greater than 0.80 for :3 ratio of Tl/TQ where T is the average break tenacity in grams/ denier of a one-inch sample length and T is the average break tenacity of rninirnun -length samples (Zero distance be tween the tester jaws).
  • the fibers have also been characterized as to weak spot severity by a significant reduction in loop toughness to a value of from 227, preferably 2l5, and by a reduction in molecular weight at the weak spots. They have been further characterized as to weak spot severity, abrasion resistance and. durability by a value of at least 150 for the expression IvI.W.OG0
  • M.W. is the molecular weight of the poly amide.
  • the most important object of my invention is to 3 a simple and economical process for producing the p resistant polyamide fibers described by Matray and Stine.
  • a further important objective is the provision of process variations which lead to the production of more uniform pill-resistant fibers.
  • loop toughness and tenc' y values are determined as described by Matray and Etine.
  • Example Polyhexamethylene adiparnide is prepared, melt extruded, and cold drawn in the conventional manner to form a 7900-filament tow. Filament denier of the drawn tow is 12.
  • the tow is crimped mechanically by passing it through a stutter box crimper where it is subjected to sufficient pressure to provide an average of crimps/ inch in the filaments. it is fed to the stutter box crimper at a rate of 400 y.p.n1.
  • As the tow enters the crimper it is sprayed with a 15% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution at a rate of one gallon/minute.
  • the steam is supplied by perforated pipes located beneath the container, and the autoclave and container are provided with peripheral seals which prevent the escape or" steam around the outside of the container.
  • the steam is caused to pass upwardly through the fiber mass in a uniform fashion to complete the reaction of peroxide with the fiber.
  • the steamed tow is then dried and cut to 4 /2 inch staple in the conventional marmer.
  • T is found to be 1.02 grid. and T is 2.25 g.p. cl., giving a T /T ratio of 0.45.
  • the loop toughness of the treated fiber is 4 as compared to a value of 200 for the untreated fiber.
  • Uniformity of the fiber is significantly better than that of fibers prepared by mping and subsequently applying the peroxide by spraying it on the fibers in a centrifuge.
  • the interfilanient variation within the tow is also improved as compared to tow treated by the centrifuge process, the coefficient of variation being 39% as compared to 49% for the centrifuge process.
  • the peroxide solution may be added to the tow in any suitable fashion prior to crimping provided that the application is reasonably uniform and an excess of solution over that required to achieve the desired level of tenacity and toughness is employed. Such an excess insures a reasonably uniform distribution of solution over the fibers.
  • the reaction tends to be preferential to the crimp nodes, and, consequently, the yarn should be crimped during most of the reaction in order to provide the most desirable product.
  • the preferred procedure is to spray the peroxide on the tow as it enters the crimper. in this manner, the need for a separate solution-removal step is avoided.
  • the conncentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution applied to the fibers should be in the range of 5 to 30% in order to achieve the necessary weakening of the fibers while, at the same time, avoiding degradation beyond the point of satisfactory utility.
  • the concentration is in the range -20%. It will, of course, have to be adjusted in consideration of the amount of solution remaining in the fiber after the crimping step. This will depend to a considerable extent upon the pressure required to develop the desired crimp in the fiber although some control of the amount of liquid removed may usually be achieved by suitable adjustment of the crimper feed rollers.
  • Stainless steel 300 series may be used for limited contact at room temperature if properly passivated.
  • Parts which cannot be fabricated from aluminum or stainless steel should be made of a synthetic resin, e.g., nylon or polyoxymethylene, or should be coated with a resin such as polyvinylchloride.
  • the only requirement relative to the crimper employed is that it be a pressure type crimper designed for continuous operation.
  • a conventional stutter box crimper is satisfactory.
  • Crimpers of this type are described in U.S. Patents Nos. 2,311,174, 2,734,229, and 2,917,784.
  • the crimper should, of course, be made from corrosionresistant mate-rial and the materials of construction should not be such as to contaminate the peroxide solution with undesirable metal ions as indicated above.
  • the steaming operation should be carried out in such a manner as to apply the steam as uniformly as possible to all the fibers.
  • the steam is preferably forced through the fiber mass by positive pressure as described in the example.
  • the temperature and time in the steaming operation should be adjusted to substantially complete the reaction of the peroxide with the fiber.
  • the steaming period should be held to the minimum necessary to achieve that result since excessive heating may result in discoloration of the fiber.
  • the steam temperature should be held below 145 C. and the optimum range is 125-140 C.
  • the concentrationtime-temper-ature relationship of the treating-heating steps is such as to produce weak spots in the filament, predominantly at crimp nodes, said weak spots being characterized as to frequency and severity by a value of less than 0.80 for the ratio T T o where T is the break tenacity in grams/ denier of a one-inch sample and T is the break tenacity of a Zero-length sample, said filament being further characterized by a value of at least for the expression toughness where M.W. is the molecular weight of the polyamide in the filament and by a toughness of from 2-15.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US182084A 1962-03-23 1962-03-23 Production of uniformly pill-resistant polyamide fibers Expired - Lifetime US3121278A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE629974D BE629974A (en, 2012) 1962-03-23
US182084A US3121278A (en) 1962-03-23 1962-03-23 Production of uniformly pill-resistant polyamide fibers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US182084A US3121278A (en) 1962-03-23 1962-03-23 Production of uniformly pill-resistant polyamide fibers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3121278A true US3121278A (en) 1964-02-18

Family

ID=22666996

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US182084A Expired - Lifetime US3121278A (en) 1962-03-23 1962-03-23 Production of uniformly pill-resistant polyamide fibers

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3121278A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE629974A (en, 2012)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1024482B (de) * 1956-06-05 1958-02-20 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung des Pilling von Textilmaterial aus vollsynthetischen Fasern
FR1154495A (fr) * 1955-05-31 1958-04-10 Ici Ltd Articles textiles perfectionnés en fibres de polymères linéaires synthétiques
DE1033175B (de) * 1956-06-05 1958-07-03 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung des Pilling von Textilmaterial auf Basis von sechsgliedrige carbocyclische Ringe enthaltenden Polyestern
DE1034133B (de) * 1956-06-05 1958-07-17 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung des Pilling von Textilmaterial auf Basis von sechsgliedrige carbocyclische Ringe enthaltenden Polyestern

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1154495A (fr) * 1955-05-31 1958-04-10 Ici Ltd Articles textiles perfectionnés en fibres de polymères linéaires synthétiques
DE1024482B (de) * 1956-06-05 1958-02-20 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung des Pilling von Textilmaterial aus vollsynthetischen Fasern
DE1033175B (de) * 1956-06-05 1958-07-03 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung des Pilling von Textilmaterial auf Basis von sechsgliedrige carbocyclische Ringe enthaltenden Polyestern
DE1034133B (de) * 1956-06-05 1958-07-17 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Verminderung des Pilling von Textilmaterial auf Basis von sechsgliedrige carbocyclische Ringe enthaltenden Polyestern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE629974A (en, 2012)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JPS60231834A (ja) ナイロンの絨緞用繊維の染色性を改善する方法
US2972798A (en) Crimping
US3121278A (en) Production of uniformly pill-resistant polyamide fibers
US4008044A (en) Treatment of polyester textiles to improve soil release and wettability properties
US2862783A (en) Method of making metallized fibers
US2712170A (en) Treatment of textile fabrics
US4280860A (en) Process for manufacturing nonwoven fabrics composed of crimped filaments
US2653372A (en) Nylon fish netting
EP0525152B1 (en) Improvements in and relating to paper machine clothing
JPH04361666A (ja) 繊維の加工法
US3050822A (en) Pill resistant polyamide fiber
KR840000662B1 (ko) 쿳션재의 제조방법
US3114192A (en) Process for producing non-pilling polyamide fibers
US4248592A (en) Method and apparatus for coloring tow and colored tow produced therefrom
US3128147A (en) Process for treating polynosic fibers and products obtained thereby
US3634126A (en) Process for controlling location of composition in fabrics
US4251589A (en) Production of a substantially inert flexible textile material
DE1813206A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung verstaerkten thermoplastischen Materialien
US5273548A (en) Method of controlling the shirnkage of garments containing cotton
US2808348A (en) Sizing for nylon yarns
US4861343A (en) Process to enclose flock tow in a permeable sleeve for dyeing or textile treatment before cutting into a flock
JPS607062B2 (ja) 糸、紐、スライバ−状繊維製品の連続湿熱処理方法及び装置
DE69104959T2 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von aktivkohle aus zellulosehaltigem material.
US3739054A (en) Process for the production of high shrinkage threads yarns and fibersfrom acrylonitrile polymers
US3120452A (en) Sizing polyamide filaments and yarns