Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
  • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
  • D02G1/127—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes including drawing or stretching on the same machine
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/21—Nylon

Definitions

• This invention relates to the production of which are resistant to pilling and fuzzing in articles.
• Fibers prepared from synthetic linear polyares have proved superior to natural fibers in many respects and are particularly noteworthy for their increased durability.
• the finished a1 'ticle becomes unsatisfactory in appearance after short usage due to excessive pilling and fuzzing.
• Filling refers to the formation of little balls of fiber on the surface of the finished article due to the entanglement of loose fibers. Less; well-defined fiber entanglements are called fuzz.
• the accumulation of pills fuzz in finished articles prepared with such fibers is avoided by breakage of the anchoring fibers at the weak spots, which are characterized with respect to frequency and severity by a value no greater than 0.80 for :3 ratio of Tl/TQ where T is the average break tenacity in grams/ denier of a one-inch sample length and T is the average break tenacity of rninirnun -length samples (Zero distance be tween the tester jaws).
• the fibers have also been characterized as to weak spot severity by a significant reduction in loop toughness to a value of from 227, preferably 2l5, and by a reduction in molecular weight at the weak spots. They have been further characterized as to weak spot severity, abrasion resistance and. durability by a value of at least 150 for the expression IvI.W.OG0
• M.W. is the molecular weight of the poly amide.
• the most important object of my invention is to 3 a simple and economical process for producing the p resistant polyamide fibers described by Matray and Stine.
• a further important objective is the provision of process variations which lead to the production of more uniform pill-resistant fibers.
• loop toughness and tenc' y values are determined as described by Matray and Etine.
• Example Polyhexamethylene adiparnide is prepared, melt extruded, and cold drawn in the conventional manner to form a 7900-filament tow. Filament denier of the drawn tow is 12.
• the tow is crimped mechanically by passing it through a stutter box crimper where it is subjected to sufficient pressure to provide an average of crimps/ inch in the filaments. it is fed to the stutter box crimper at a rate of 400 y.p.n1.
• As the tow enters the crimper it is sprayed with a 15% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution at a rate of one gallon/minute.
• the steam is supplied by perforated pipes located beneath the container, and the autoclave and container are provided with peripheral seals which prevent the escape or" steam around the outside of the container.
• the steam is caused to pass upwardly through the fiber mass in a uniform fashion to complete the reaction of peroxide with the fiber.
• the steamed tow is then dried and cut to 4 /2 inch staple in the conventional marmer.
• T is found to be 1.02 grid. and T is 2.25 g.p. cl., giving a T /T ratio of 0.45.
• the loop toughness of the treated fiber is 4 as compared to a value of 200 for the untreated fiber.
• Uniformity of the fiber is significantly better than that of fibers prepared by mping and subsequently applying the peroxide by spraying it on the fibers in a centrifuge.
• the interfilanient variation within the tow is also improved as compared to tow treated by the centrifuge process, the coefficient of variation being 39% as compared to 49% for the centrifuge process.
• the peroxide solution may be added to the tow in any suitable fashion prior to crimping provided that the application is reasonably uniform and an excess of solution over that required to achieve the desired level of tenacity and toughness is employed. Such an excess insures a reasonably uniform distribution of solution over the fibers.
• the reaction tends to be preferential to the crimp nodes, and, consequently, the yarn should be crimped during most of the reaction in order to provide the most desirable product.
• the preferred procedure is to spray the peroxide on the tow as it enters the crimper. in this manner, the need for a separate solution-removal step is avoided.
• the conncentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution applied to the fibers should be in the range of 5 to 30% in order to achieve the necessary weakening of the fibers while, at the same time, avoiding degradation beyond the point of satisfactory utility.
• the concentration is in the range -20%. It will, of course, have to be adjusted in consideration of the amount of solution remaining in the fiber after the crimping step. This will depend to a considerable extent upon the pressure required to develop the desired crimp in the fiber although some control of the amount of liquid removed may usually be achieved by suitable adjustment of the crimper feed rollers.
• Stainless steel 300 series may be used for limited contact at room temperature if properly passivated.
• Parts which cannot be fabricated from aluminum or stainless steel should be made of a synthetic resin, e.g., nylon or polyoxymethylene, or should be coated with a resin such as polyvinylchloride.
• the only requirement relative to the crimper employed is that it be a pressure type crimper designed for continuous operation.
• a conventional stutter box crimper is satisfactory.
• Crimpers of this type are described in U.S. Patents Nos. 2,311,174, 2,734,229, and 2,917,784.
• the crimper should, of course, be made from corrosionresistant mate-rial and the materials of construction should not be such as to contaminate the peroxide solution with undesirable metal ions as indicated above.
• the steaming operation should be carried out in such a manner as to apply the steam as uniformly as possible to all the fibers.
• the steam is preferably forced through the fiber mass by positive pressure as described in the example.
• the temperature and time in the steaming operation should be adjusted to substantially complete the reaction of the peroxide with the fiber.
• the steaming period should be held to the minimum necessary to achieve that result since excessive heating may result in discoloration of the fiber.
• the steam temperature should be held below 145 C. and the optimum range is 125-140 C.
• the concentrationtime-temper-ature relationship of the treating-heating steps is such as to produce weak spots in the filament, predominantly at crimp nodes, said weak spots being characterized as to frequency and severity by a value of less than 0.80 for the ratio T T o where T is the break tenacity in grams/ denier of a one-inch sample and T is the break tenacity of a Zero-length sample, said filament being further characterized by a value of at least for the expression toughness where M.W. is the molecular weight of the polyamide in the filament and by a toughness of from 2-15.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=22666996

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Citations (4)

• 0
  • BE BE629974D patent/BE629974A/xx unknown
• 1962
  • 1962-03-23 US US182084A patent/US3121278A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (4)

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