US3118272A - Powdered metal bearings - Google Patents

Powdered metal bearings Download PDF

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Publication number
US3118272A
US3118272A US3118272DA US3118272A US 3118272 A US3118272 A US 3118272A US 3118272D A US3118272D A US 3118272DA US 3118272 A US3118272 A US 3118272A
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Prior art keywords
bearing
nickel
traveler
cams
bearings
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
    • D01H7/02—Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting permanent twist
    • D01H7/52—Ring-and-traveller arrangements
    • D01H7/60—Rings or travellers; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for ; Cleaning means for rings
    • D01H7/602—Rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0026—Matrix based on Ni, Co, Cr or alloys thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/121—Use of special materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2340/00—Apparatus for treating textiles
    • F16C2340/18—Apparatus for spinning or twisting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49709—Specific metallic composition

Definitions

  • Bearings of the above type bear against travelers moving at relatively high speeds and have relatively small areas in contact therewith at any instant. Such bearing contact results in a type of wear sometimes referred to as chattering or fretting wherein the bearing assumes a Wavy or undulating contact surface which interferes with operation and necessitates replacement of the bearing.
  • chattering or fretting wherein the bearing assumes a Wavy or undulating contact surface which interferes with operation and necessitates replacement of the bearing.
  • this undulating or chattering wear has resulted in an unduly short life of the cams and occasionally interferes with the operation of the knitting needles. Attempts to use various steel and other alloys substantially to extend the wear life of such cams have not been successful.
  • Spinning or twisting rings heretofore in use have further limitations in that heat and wear have limited the rate of traveler movement to a maximum of approximately 5,000 to 6,000 feet per minute, whereas higher speeds are desirable.
  • the present invention has for its principal object the provision of improved bearings of the above type which are subject to limited area contact at high speed, which are subject to chattering wear and which provide substantially improved results, especially in increased Wear life and in permiting higher linear speeds for a traveler.
  • a bearing of powdered, compressed, and sintered material containing powdered crystalline aluminum oxide (A1 0
  • the bearing consists essentially of a compressed and sintered mixture comprising by weight aluminum oxide 1.5 to 4.0%, car bon O to 1.0%, nickel O to 7%, copper 0 to with the balance substantially all iron.
  • the preferred composition according to this invention comprises a pressed and sintered mixture as follows:
  • compositions containing nickel are much preferred and give substantially superior results.
  • the inclusion of nickel improves the hardening and wearabil-ity of the bearing, provides a better crystalline structure and greater hardness, and is believed to hold the abrasive particles more firmly in the matrix.
  • copper may be included, if desired, compositions in which this element is omitted are preferred.
  • hard particles such as the carbides of vanadium, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum or silicon may be substituted for the preferred A1 0 In the drawing,
  • FIG. 1 is a microphotograph of a nital etched, porous bearing structure in accordance With this invention and after quenching, the magnification being 220x;
  • FIG. 2 is a radial section of a spinning ring and associated traveler T;
  • FIG. 3 is a radial section of a twisting ring and traveler T
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a portion of a textile sinker cam assembly
  • FIG. 5 is a section on the line 55 of FIG. 4.
  • the conventional sinker cam assembly shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 comprises a circular channel guide 10 with upstanding concentric flanges 11 and 12-, a sinker or traveler 13 reciprocating in slot 14 in guide 10, and an actuating or sinker cam 15 having opposed cam surfaces 16 and 17 which engage shoulders 18 and 19 of sinker 13 to reciprocate the same.
  • Cam 15 may be oscillated within channel 10 to impart a reciprocating motion to the sinker 13 or, more conventionally, a plurality of cams 15 may be circumferentially moved to engage in succession a plurality of sinkers 13.
  • the spinning ring 20 (FIG. 2), the twisting ring 21 (FIG. 3), and cam 15 are all made from the preferred powdered mixture previously stated.
  • the nickel was carbonyl nickel, grade B, of the International Nickel Co. having particle sizes from 2.9 to 3.6 microns; the carbon was graphite, grade FG of Asbury Graphite Mills of particle size 15 to 44 microns; the aluminum oxide was crystalline Levigated Alumina of the Norton Company having a particle size of 3 to 6 microns and sold as a lapping compound; and the iron powder was grade 365 of the Easton Metal Powder Co. having particle sizes distributed as follows, percentages being by Weight:
  • the parts were allowed to cool in the protective atmosphere to room temperature. They were thereafter coined in dies to the desired dimensions under pressure, for example from 30 to 50 tons per square inch.
  • the coining pressure can be varied somewhat in order to obtain the desired final dimensions. It is preferred that the novel bearings of this invention be coined directly to final size and rfinish since the machining and lapping decrease the effectiveness of the bearing surface. It is believed that the coining pressure thoroughly embeds the abrasive aluminum oxide particles in the iron matrix so as to substantially limit their cutting ability. Careful grinding is less detrimental than machining or lapping.
  • While spinning or twisting rings may be gas carburized if desired by the procedure described below, such carburization is usually not necessary. However, it is preferred to gas carburize the knitting cams as follows: The coined cams are loaded into a pit type furnace, brought to 1520" F. in a carburizing atmosphere comprising the above protective atmosphere enriched with 1 part by volume natural gas for each 10 parts protective atmosphere, held at this temperature until the dew point of outcoming atmosphere drops and becomes steady at 40 F.
  • Bearings in accordance with this invention have a desirable combination of properties, including highstrength, high load carrying capacity, good hardness (e.g. Rockswell C60), low eoeflicient of friction, and ,good Wear and heat resistance at modest cost. They are also noncatalytic when used with impregnating oils. Bearings in accordance with this invention preferably have from 10 to 25%, and preferably about '18 to 25%, porosity and are vacuum impregnated with oil prior to use.
  • a porous bearing having a surface adapted for engagement with a high speed traveler which has a small area in contact therewith, said bearing consisting essentially of a pressed and sintered powdered mixture comprising by Weight approximately 0 to 1.0% carbon, /2 to 5% nickel, 0 to 5% copper, -1.5 to 4.0% A1 0 and the balance substantially all iron.
  • a porous textile spinning or twisting ring consisting essentially of .a pressed and sintered powdered mixture comprising by weight approximately 0 to 1.0% carbon, /2 to 5% nickel, 1.5 to 4% A1 0 and the balance substantial-ly all iron, said ring being characterized by high wear resistance, low coefficient of friction, and permitting high traveler speeds.
  • a textile ring in accordance with claim 3 wherein said mixture is approximately:
  • a knitting needle actuating cam consisting essentially of a pressed and sintered powdered mixture comprising by weight approximately 0 to 1.0% carbon, /2 to 5% nickel, 1.5 to 4% A1 0 and the balance substantially all non.
  • a knitting cam in accordance with claim 5 having a gas carburized surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
US3118272D 1962-06-08 Powdered metal bearings Expired - Lifetime US3118272A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US20106162A 1962-06-08 1962-06-08

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US3118272A true US3118272A (en) 1964-01-21

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Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3118272A (fr)
BE (1) BE633325A (fr)
DE (1) DE1425169A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1018966A (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3343362A (en) * 1964-12-24 1967-09-26 Dana Corp Bearing members having a plurality of coatings
US3580106A (en) * 1969-09-23 1971-05-25 Singer Co Aluminum pressed metal link for 600 class sewing machines
US4117580A (en) * 1975-04-07 1978-10-03 Friedrich Heck Manufacture of bearings
US4308715A (en) * 1980-05-25 1982-01-05 Rieter Machine Works Ltd. Spinning ring made from steel for ring spinning and ring twisting machine
US4698958A (en) * 1984-09-27 1987-10-13 Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Ring for spinning and twisting machines
US5307902A (en) * 1993-03-24 1994-05-03 Dresser Industries, Inc. Gas meter counter unit with improved shaft lubrication
US5829240A (en) * 1997-03-17 1998-11-03 A. B. Carter, Inc. Spinning ring having improved traveler bearing surface
US6174087B1 (en) 1997-09-05 2001-01-16 Maxon Motor Gmbh Friction bearing
US6360520B2 (en) 2000-01-14 2002-03-26 Ab Carter, Inc. Spinning ring having amorphous chromium bearing surface

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2082642A (en) * 1929-04-09 1937-06-01 Hemphill Co Sinker or web holder control
US2213523A (en) * 1937-10-18 1940-09-03 Jones William David Manufacture of metal articles or masses
US2452323A (en) * 1947-12-27 1948-10-26 Chrysler Corp Spinning ring
US2759810A (en) * 1950-10-20 1956-08-21 Koehler Max Articles of sintered iron and method of making same
US2853767A (en) * 1955-03-23 1958-09-30 Mallory & Co Inc P R Method of making high density ferrous alloy powder compacts and products thereof
US2926484A (en) * 1954-09-09 1960-03-01 Sadie E Albrecht Composite spinning and twisting ring

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2082642A (en) * 1929-04-09 1937-06-01 Hemphill Co Sinker or web holder control
US2213523A (en) * 1937-10-18 1940-09-03 Jones William David Manufacture of metal articles or masses
US2452323A (en) * 1947-12-27 1948-10-26 Chrysler Corp Spinning ring
US2759810A (en) * 1950-10-20 1956-08-21 Koehler Max Articles of sintered iron and method of making same
US2926484A (en) * 1954-09-09 1960-03-01 Sadie E Albrecht Composite spinning and twisting ring
US2853767A (en) * 1955-03-23 1958-09-30 Mallory & Co Inc P R Method of making high density ferrous alloy powder compacts and products thereof

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3343362A (en) * 1964-12-24 1967-09-26 Dana Corp Bearing members having a plurality of coatings
US3580106A (en) * 1969-09-23 1971-05-25 Singer Co Aluminum pressed metal link for 600 class sewing machines
US4117580A (en) * 1975-04-07 1978-10-03 Friedrich Heck Manufacture of bearings
US4308715A (en) * 1980-05-25 1982-01-05 Rieter Machine Works Ltd. Spinning ring made from steel for ring spinning and ring twisting machine
US4698958A (en) * 1984-09-27 1987-10-13 Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Ring for spinning and twisting machines
US5307902A (en) * 1993-03-24 1994-05-03 Dresser Industries, Inc. Gas meter counter unit with improved shaft lubrication
US5829240A (en) * 1997-03-17 1998-11-03 A. B. Carter, Inc. Spinning ring having improved traveler bearing surface
US6174087B1 (en) 1997-09-05 2001-01-16 Maxon Motor Gmbh Friction bearing
US6223437B1 (en) * 1997-09-05 2001-05-01 Maxon Motor Gmbh Method for fabricating a friction bearing, and friction bearing
US6360520B2 (en) 2000-01-14 2002-03-26 Ab Carter, Inc. Spinning ring having amorphous chromium bearing surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1425169A1 (de) 1968-12-12
BE633325A (fr)
GB1018966A (en) 1966-02-02

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