US3099048A - Apparatus for automatically controlling the drafting of elongate materials - Google Patents

Apparatus for automatically controlling the drafting of elongate materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3099048A
US3099048A US784568A US78456859A US3099048A US 3099048 A US3099048 A US 3099048A US 784568 A US784568 A US 784568A US 78456859 A US78456859 A US 78456859A US 3099048 A US3099048 A US 3099048A
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Prior art keywords
drafting
signal
speed
rolls
measuring
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Expired - Lifetime
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US784568A
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English (en)
Inventor
Locher Hans
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Zellweger Uster AG
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Zellweger Uster AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/32—Regulating or varying draft
    • D01H5/38—Regulating or varying draft in response to irregularities in material ; Measuring irregularities
    • D01H5/42—Regulating or varying draft in response to irregularities in material ; Measuring irregularities employing electrical time-delay devices

Definitions

  • a variety of materials are fabricated by passing the material through apparatus which serves to draw the material into an elongate shape.
  • the raw material is passed through a series of draw frames, spinning frames, or the like, to produce elongate yarn of desired thickness.
  • the term spinning will be here employed to designate all of the fabrication steps to which textile fibers are subjected in order to form the final yarn product.
  • the generally available measuring components are however not stable over a sufficiently long time period so that any average range within which it is desired to maintain quality control usually is unmaintainable over the entire production run resulting in a long term quality variation. This may of course, be overcome by frequent calibration of the measuring device, which of course requires uneconomical down-time. Where long term variations are ignored, conventional control apparatus is adequate, but this is not always feasible.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide quality control means regulating material drafting operations so P lC as to eliminate long term, medium term, and short term variations in said material.
  • measuring means in combination with the drafting rolls of spinning equipment, so that a signal is transmitted from said measuring means indicative of the quality of the material passing therethrough. Generally measurements of material thickness are made in said measuring means.
  • One of the conventionally employed plurality of pairs of drafting rolls is operated at a constant speed and another of the pairs of drafting rolls is operated at a variable speed.
  • Means are provided indicating the differem tial in angular speed between an angular speed proportional to that of the variable speed drafting rolls and an angular speed of that of the constant speed drafting rolls.
  • This differential angular speed is fed through a reducing means to position converting means which puts out an electrical signal indicative of the aforementioned speed differential.
  • the electrical signal provided by the posi tion converting means is fed to compensating means along with a measuring signal from said measuring means, Where these signals are'compensate'd, whereby the long term variations of the measuring signal which are due to disturbing influences on said measuring device are eliminated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the drafting zone of a textile machine, showing the novel control apparatus schematically as arranged in combination therewith;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of another embodiment of the control apparatus in which the position converting means are embodied in a potentiometer forming part of an electrical bridge;
  • FIG. 3 is an alternative embodiment of the invention in which the position converting means is embodied in a tuning condenser
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which the measuring means are of an optical nature
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic detail view similar to FIG. 1 showing more clearly the mechanical inter-relationship between the components, and 7 FIGS. 5:: and 5 b show respectively a series and parallel circuit for compensator 2. 7
  • measuring means in the form of a condenser 1 are positioned to measure the material passing into the drafting area of textile spinning apparatus S.
  • Condenser 1 is electrically coupled to compensator 2 which comprises an electrical network.
  • the output of this compensator 2 is fed through schematically illustrated amplifier A where the signal is ampliled and fed to a drive 4 in which the electrical energy output of amplifier i 3 3 is converted into rotational mechanical energy for driving a pair of variable speed drafting rolls 5 and 6.
  • a pair of drafting rolls 7 and 8 are driven at a relatively constant speed, and the material 9 to be drafted is fed through measuring device 1, the constant speed rolls 7 and 8, and variable speed rolls 5 and 6 as illus trated.
  • variable speed drafting rolls 5 and 6 The angular speed of the variable speed drafting rolls 5 and 6 is transmitted through gear 10 to reduction gear 11 to differential gear 12. It will also be observed that constant speed rolls 7 and 8 are also coupled through gearing to differential gear 12.
  • Differential gear 12 is mounted for rotation in cage 12. Cage 12' may rotate about an axis perpendicular to the axis of gear 12, and as is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 5 is free to rotate on the shafts extending between reduction gear 11 and its associated bevel gear in the cage; and the unidentified pinion at the left and its associated bevel gear in the cage, cage 12' being fixedly secured to pinion 13 which rotates therewith.
  • Phase shifter 30 is arranged in the circuit leading from measuring condenser 1 to compensator 2.
  • Phase shifter 30 is essentially an R-C network which lags the measuring signal from the condenser for a purpose to be made hereinafter more apparent.
  • a tacho-generator 31 is coupled to the shaft of gear 13 whereby the rotational energy of gear 13 is transmitted in the form of electrical energy to compensator 2 to form a closed servo-loop.
  • the position converting means in the form of potentiometer 16 is arranged with terminals 18 and 19 directly in the circuit of measuring condenser 1 (rather than across an independent voltage source as in the FIGS. 1 and 5 arrangement) along with measuring bridge 26.
  • the bridge voltage resulting from this arrangement is applied directly across phase shifter 30, the output of which is fed to amplifier 3.
  • potentiometer 16 is replaced by tuning condenser 22 the capacity of which is variable by means of rotor arm 23 which is coupled to rotate with gear 15.
  • the combination of tuning condenser 22 and, measuring plate condenser 1 forms the compensator 2.
  • the output of the compensator 2 as formed .by the combination of tuning condenser 22 and plate condenser 1 is fed through phase shifter 30 to amplifier 3 as in the FIG. 1 embodiment.
  • the measuring means employed are of an optical nature comprising a radiation source 28 and radiation receivers 24 and 29.
  • the amount of radiation passing from source 28 to receiver 24 is variable by means of scanning aperture which is coupled to gear wheel 15 so that the position of gear wheel 15 determines the amount of screening effected by aperture 25, while the amount of radiation passing to receiver 29 is determined by the material 9.
  • Operation 4 tion.
  • a ma terial 9 such as a textile material is drawn through the measuring device 1 by means of a pair of constant speed drafting rolls 7 and 8 turning at a constant angular speed 11
  • a measuring signal U proportional to the weight of the material in said measuring device at any given instant is fed through time delay circuit 30 to compensator 2.
  • an electrical signal U is fed from the position converting potentiometer 16 to the compensator 2.
  • the compensator provides as an output difierential signal U representing the differential between signals U and U Differential signal U is fed through amplifier 3 where it is amplified and delivered to drive 4.
  • Drive 4 drives variable speed rolls 5 and 6 at an angular speed n which averages approximately 10 to 50% higher than the constant angular speed n of the pair of constant speed rolls 7 and 8.
  • This average angular speed n is that speed at Which the desired drafting of material 9 takes place.
  • measuring signal U from measuring device 1 is increased producing an increased output U from compensator 2 and a corresponding increase in the speed of drive 4 and speed 11 of the pair of variable speed drafting rolls 5 and 6. With this increase in speed the material is drafted down to desired thickness.
  • the measuring signal U is reduced, with a corresponding decrease in the electrical energy fed to drive 4, and a resultant decrease in speed n of variable speed drafting rolls 5 and 6. This decrease in drafting roll speed provides less draft and the material increases in weight.
  • variable angular speed n of the pair of drafting rolls 5 and 6 is transformed to a first variable angular speed 11
  • This angular speed in represents the angular speed 11 of variable speed drafting rolls 5 and 6 reduced by a drafting factor or the change of speed of variable speed rolls 5 and 6 necessary to provide the proper draft of the material to produce the desired average weight.
  • the angular speed n is equal to the angular speed 11
  • This variable angular speed 11 and the angular speed n are both imparted to differential gear 12 functioning as a subtracter.
  • Spur gears 14 and 15 serve to reduce the motion trans mitted from cage 12 so that slider arm 17 is limited in its motion.
  • the magnitude of the reduction ratio effected by spur gears 14 and 15 determines the time factor required for readjustment of average material thickness, and should therefore be adjustable, as will become hereinafter more apparent. This time factor is obtained so as to compensate for the time required to move slider arm 17 which, as will be apparent, varies depending on the reduction between the angular speed differential n; which is assumed to be constant and the reduced angular speed differential u
  • the voltage across potentiometer 16 between its terminals 18 and 19 has a magnitude U
  • the voltage between arm 17 and terminal 19 has a magnitude U which as previously mentioned is fed to compensator 2.
  • the angle a subtended by arm 17 between terminal 19 and the arm 17 will be variable by over curve 01 A0:
  • U is related to U in the following manner:
  • This tangle Ac represents the integrated value of the angular speed 71 over the time interval At: 1 -4 namely:
  • the signal U as noted is fed to compensator 2.
  • measuring signal U changes positively with respect to signal U with the result that a positive output signal U is emitted from compensator 2 producing an increased angular speed in drafting rolls 5 and 6.
  • arm 17 eventually reaches stop 20 and will actuate a suitable alarm device, either lights, a stop motion, or an audible signal.
  • Phase shifter 36 is provided to interpose a time delay between the transmission of signal U from the measuring device to the compensator so that the compensating action provided by a variation in material thickness will not begin to take place until that portion of the material which produced the measuring signal U will have passed from the measuring zone to the drafting zone between rolls 7 and 3, and 5 and 6 respectively.
  • tacho-generator 31 which serves to provide a closed circuit servo-loop in which the feed back signal U generated by tacho-generator 31 which is proportional to the differential angular speed In serves to eliminate the efiects of drafting roll torque on the angular speed n
  • the reversible rotation of gear 13 and tacho-generator 31 constitutes a conventional velocity closed loop servomechanism.
  • the signal U is dependent upon the direction and speed of rotation or velocity of gear 13, and thus of cage 12 of the differential gear. This signal U is fed back to the compensator 2 in opposition to the first electrical signal U from measuring device 1.
  • the position of potentiometer slider arm .17 directly determines bridge switching, so that the effect of long term variations is compensated.
  • the long term variations of signal U are compensated by a change in the setting of condenser 22 while short term variations produce a desired drafting change.
  • the screening effected by aperture 25 in response to long term variations, as indi- 6 cated by movement of gear 15, modifies the signal passing to compensator 2.
  • Means for controlling material drafting operations between a first pair of drafting rolls and a pair of variable speed drafting rolls comprising: measuring means positioned before said first pair of drafting rolls to detect variations in the material passing thereto; compensating means to which a signal from said measuring means is fed; subtracting means coupled to the drafting rolls providing a signal indicative of the difference in angular speed between that of the first pair of drafting rolls and the variable speed drafting rolls, the difierence signal being fed to said compensating means; reducing means interposed between the variabie speed drafting rolls and said subtracting means and means directing a control signal from said compensating means to a drive for said variable speed drafting rolls, whereby the long term variations due to disturbing influences on the measuring means are eliminated.
  • Means for controlling material drafting operations between a first pair of drafting rolls and a pair of variable speed drafting rolls comprising: measuring means positioned before said first pair of drafting rolls to detect variations in the material passing thereto; compensating means to which a signal from said measuring means is fed; subtracting means coupled to the drafting rolls providing a signal indicative of the difference in angular speed between that of the first pair of drafting rolls and the variable speed drafting rolls, the difference signal being fed to said compensating means, generating means coupled to said subtracting means to produce a signal indicative of the correction of drafting roll speed, said signal being fed to said compensating means and means directing a control signal from said compensating means to a drive for said variable speed drafting rolls, whereby the long variations due to disturbing influences on the measuring means are eliminated.
  • Means for controlling material drafting operations between a first pair of drafting rolls and a pair of variable speed drafting rolls comprising: measuring means positioned before said first pair of drafting rolls to detect variations in the material passing thereto; subtracting means coupled to the drafting rolls providing a signal indicative of the difference in angular speed between that of the first pair of drafting rolls and the variable speed drafting rolls, compensating means to which the last named signal, along with the measuring signal are fed; time delay means interposed between said measuring means and said compensating means for delaying the signal from the former in its passage to said compensating means; reducing means interposed between said variable speed drafting rolls and said subtracting means; tacho-generating means coupled to said subtracting means to produce a signal indicative of the correction of drafting roll speed, said signal being fed to said compensating means; and means directing a control signal from said compensating means to a drive for said variable speed drafting rolls, whereby the long term variations due to disturbing influences on the measuring means are eliminated.
  • Control apparatus for regulating material drafting operations between a first pair of drafting rolls and a pair of variable speed drafting rolls, said apparatus comprising: a measuring device position before said first pair of drafting rolls to 'detect variations in the material passing thereto; a compensator electrically coupled to said measuring device receiving measuring signals therefrom;
  • a position converter coupled to said subtracter providing an electrical signal indicative of the difference obtained from the subtracter, said signal being fed to said compensator; and an amplifier coupled to said compensator from which a control signal is fed to the drive for said variable speed drafting rolls.
  • Apparatus as in claim 4 in which a phase shifter is interposed between said measuring device and said compensator to delay the transfer of the electrical signal from said measuring device, whereby the material will be in the drafting zone at the time the control signal has effect.
  • Apparatus for automatically controlling drafting systems to prevent faulty control actions due to long term disturbing influences said apparatus including a first pair of rolls operating at speed 11 and a second pair of variable speed drafting rolls operating at speed n said apparatus comprising: a mechanical subtracter in which the difference between an angular speed m of a gear rotating at a speed proportional to the variable angular speed n and angular speed n is determined; position converting means to which the output 12 of the subtracter is fed, reduced by a gear to speed 12 said position converting means producing an electrical signal U a meas uring device arranged to measure.
  • said device producing a measuring signal U a compensator to which the measuring signal U and signal U are fed, said compensator delivering a control signal U; for controlling operation of the variable speed rolls, whereby long term variations of the measuring signal U produced by the measuring device due to distrubing influences on said measuring device are eliminated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
US784568A 1958-01-09 1959-01-02 Apparatus for automatically controlling the drafting of elongate materials Expired - Lifetime US3099048A (en)

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CH863146X 1958-01-09

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US (1) US3099048A (de)
CH (1) CH356386A (de)
DE (1) DE1097328B (de)
FR (1) FR1210083A (de)
GB (1) GB863146A (de)
NL (1) NL99739C (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3438189A (en) * 1966-06-02 1969-04-15 Luwa Ag Monitoring device for textile machines for determining interruptions at moving fiber strands or the like
US3703023A (en) * 1969-06-24 1972-11-21 Zinser Textilmaschinen Gmbh Apparatus for rendering textile slivers uniform
US4006609A (en) * 1974-04-29 1977-02-08 Bunker Ramo Corporation Manufacturing of patterned deep pile circular knitted fabric
US4506414A (en) * 1982-02-18 1985-03-26 Zinser Textilmaschinen Gmbh Yarn-drafting apparatus
US4653153A (en) * 1984-09-25 1987-03-31 Zellweger Uster Ltd. Method and device for the optimization of the drawing process on autoleveller drawframes in the textile industry
US5394591A (en) * 1990-09-26 1995-03-07 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Autoleveller drafting arrangement with mass fluctuation control
US5428870A (en) * 1992-03-05 1995-07-04 Zellweger Luwa Ag Method and device for regulating the draw of a drawing unit
US5452626A (en) * 1993-03-12 1995-09-26 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Process and device for the automatic adjustment of rotational speed ratios between operating elements of a draw frame
US5463556A (en) * 1992-06-17 1995-10-31 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Process and device for control of an autoleveling draw frame
US5583781A (en) * 1991-06-04 1996-12-10 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Process and device to correct the regulation onset point and the intensity of regulation
US5619773A (en) * 1993-01-25 1997-04-15 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Draw frame
US10443157B2 (en) * 2014-12-11 2019-10-15 SIPRA Patententwicklungs—und Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH Machine and method for the production of knitted goods

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB959448A (en) * 1960-08-13 1964-06-03 Cotton Silk & Man Made Fibres Improvements in or relating to scutchers
DE3425345A1 (de) * 1984-07-10 1986-01-30 Trützschler GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erzeugen einer gleichmaessigen, kontinuierlichen fasermenge

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2812553A (en) * 1954-06-24 1957-11-12 Ind Res Inst Of The University Textile machine device
US2843882A (en) * 1955-06-08 1958-07-22 Us Rubber Co Evener
US2930084A (en) * 1955-10-28 1960-03-29 Bates Mfg Co Apparatus for corrective drafting of strands of discontinuous fibers

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1106188A (fr) * 1954-08-04 1955-12-13 Hewittic Procédé pour régulariser la section moyenne de fils, mèches, rubans, etc., et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2812553A (en) * 1954-06-24 1957-11-12 Ind Res Inst Of The University Textile machine device
US2843882A (en) * 1955-06-08 1958-07-22 Us Rubber Co Evener
US2930084A (en) * 1955-10-28 1960-03-29 Bates Mfg Co Apparatus for corrective drafting of strands of discontinuous fibers

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3438189A (en) * 1966-06-02 1969-04-15 Luwa Ag Monitoring device for textile machines for determining interruptions at moving fiber strands or the like
DE1685886B1 (de) * 1966-06-02 1971-05-19 Luwa Ag Ueberwachungseinrichtung an textilmaschinen zur feststellung von unterbruechen an bewegten faserbaendern
US3703023A (en) * 1969-06-24 1972-11-21 Zinser Textilmaschinen Gmbh Apparatus for rendering textile slivers uniform
US4006609A (en) * 1974-04-29 1977-02-08 Bunker Ramo Corporation Manufacturing of patterned deep pile circular knitted fabric
US4506414A (en) * 1982-02-18 1985-03-26 Zinser Textilmaschinen Gmbh Yarn-drafting apparatus
US4589168A (en) * 1982-02-18 1986-05-20 Zinser Textilmaschinen Gmbh Yarn-drafting apparatus
US4653153A (en) * 1984-09-25 1987-03-31 Zellweger Uster Ltd. Method and device for the optimization of the drawing process on autoleveller drawframes in the textile industry
US5394591A (en) * 1990-09-26 1995-03-07 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Autoleveller drafting arrangement with mass fluctuation control
US5583781A (en) * 1991-06-04 1996-12-10 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Process and device to correct the regulation onset point and the intensity of regulation
US5428870A (en) * 1992-03-05 1995-07-04 Zellweger Luwa Ag Method and device for regulating the draw of a drawing unit
US5463556A (en) * 1992-06-17 1995-10-31 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Process and device for control of an autoleveling draw frame
US5619773A (en) * 1993-01-25 1997-04-15 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Draw frame
US5452626A (en) * 1993-03-12 1995-09-26 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Process and device for the automatic adjustment of rotational speed ratios between operating elements of a draw frame
US10443157B2 (en) * 2014-12-11 2019-10-15 SIPRA Patententwicklungs—und Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH Machine and method for the production of knitted goods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL99739C (de)
CH356386A (de) 1961-08-15
DE1097328B (de) 1961-01-12
FR1210083A (fr) 1960-03-07
GB863146A (en) 1961-03-15

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