US3094374A - Dry spinning process for preparing coalesced spandex filaments - Google Patents

Dry spinning process for preparing coalesced spandex filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3094374A
US3094374A US123248A US12324861A US3094374A US 3094374 A US3094374 A US 3094374A US 123248 A US123248 A US 123248A US 12324861 A US12324861 A US 12324861A US 3094374 A US3094374 A US 3094374A
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filaments
cell
spinning
jet
spandex
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US123248A
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English (en)
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Perry M Smith
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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Priority to NL280787D priority Critical patent/NL280787A/xx
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US123248A priority patent/US3094374A/en
Priority to GB25439/62A priority patent/GB934519A/en
Priority to NL62280787A priority patent/NL139044B/xx
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/70—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyurethanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S260/00—Chemistry of carbon compounds
    • Y10S260/41—Glass flake
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/75—Processes of uniting two or more fibers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to dry spinning of spandex filaments. More particularly it relates to the production by dry spinning of a coalesced multifilament spandex yarn free of twist.
  • a process which comprises extruding a solvent-containing solution of a spandex polymer through a spinneret having a plurality of orifices into a spinning cell to form a plurality of separate filaments.
  • An evaporative medium such as a heated gas is simultaneously introduced into the cell to evaporate the solvent from the solvent-containing filaments.
  • the filaments are withdrawn from the cell through an outlet, passed through a vortex of circulating gaseous fluid, and then passed in contact with the surface of a forwarding roll.
  • the circulating gaseous fluid exerts a torque on the filaments, thereby imparting a false twist which extends from the forwarding roll back along the line of the filaments into the spinning cell.
  • the false twist must extend back into the cell to a point at which the filaments are in a sufiiciently plasticized state to adhere to each other, thereby forming a false-twisted, coalesced multifilament.
  • the twisted multifilament is passed in contact with the forwarding roll under sufficient tension to counteract the torque imparted by the circulating fluid, thereby removing the false twist and permitting the coalesced multifilament to be wound up essentially free of twist.
  • the false twist extends for a considerable distance into the spinning cell, preferably for at least 25 of the distance of travel of the filaments through the heated portion of the spinning cell.
  • the spinning and coalescing steps can be carried out in such a manner that the spandex filaments do not come in contact with any solid surface from the time they are formed in the spinning cell until the time they are forwarded as an untwisted, coalesced multifilament to a collecting device.
  • the false twist is imparted by passing the filaments through a jet twister at a position between the spinning cell and the forwarding means.
  • the jet twister which will be more fully described later herein, has an aperture for receiving the filaments and an annular plenum chamber surrounding the aperture into which a gaseous fluid is introduced tangentially, thereby providing a lubricating layer of centrifugally circulating fluid about the filaments.
  • the circulating fluid exerts a torque on the filaments as previously described.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates, in diagrammatic fashion, spinning apparatus arranged to carry out the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a View of the top of a jet twister suitable for use in the practice of the invention.
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view of the jet twister taken along the line 3-3 of FIGURE 2.
  • a solution of the segmented polyurethane is first prepared, preferably by carrying out the polymerization in the solvent to be used for the spinning operation.
  • the spinning solution of suitable viscosity is pumped to a spinneret assembly 10 mounted in the dry spinning cell 12.
  • the solvent of the spinning solution is evaporated into the hot, inert gas, thereby converting the several streams of spinning solution into continuous filaments 16 as they proceed down the cell.
  • a countercurrent stream of inert gas may also ⁇ be introduced at the bottom of the cell through inlet 18 to minimize dripping of solvent from the cell.
  • the two streams of inert gas meet and are drawn off through an aspiration device 20 near the bottom of the cell.
  • the solvent may be recovered from the drawn-off gas for reuse in the preparation of additional spinning solution.
  • the filament bundle exits through a small hole 30 in the cell closure and passes through the jet twister 22 to the feed roll 28.
  • the hole in the cell closure and the jet twister are positioned with respect to the feed roll 28 such that the filaments pass from the spinneret to the feed roll without touching the cell closure or the walls of the jet.
  • the only contact with a solid surface that the yarn would have prior to reaching roll 28 is an occasional or accidental contact with the wall of the jet or the hole in the cell outlet.
  • the jet twister 22 is supplied with a steady flow of air through inlet 24.
  • the action of the jet is such as to twist the filament bundle 26 passing through it.
  • the fiow of air to the jet is adjusted so that this twist backs up into the cell to a point 27, which is the first point of filament-tofilament contact.
  • the coalesced multifilament leaves roll 28 essentially free of twist. It then passes over a finish roll 32 for application of a lubricant from reservoir 33, thence to a second feed roll 34, and thence to a wind-up apparatus consisting of a traversing yarn guide 36, a drive roll 38, and is wound up on bobbin 4%
  • Roll 34 may be operated at a slightly lower, equal, or slightly higher linear speed than roll 28, depending upon the denier, spinning speed, and spinstretch ratio desired. The relative speed of these rolls is adjusted to overcome friction encountered while finish is being applied at roll 32.
  • the multifilament may be partially or completely relaxed between roll 34 and roll 38 to give the desired winding tension in the packaged yarn and to develop desirable physical properties in the final product.
  • the jet twister 22 consists essentially of a doughnutshaped plenum chamber supplied with a tangential air inlet 24.
  • the yarn passes through orifice 23 located at the center of the doughnut and is twisted by a swirling sheet of air issuing perpendicularly to the thread line from orifice 25.
  • the diameter of the orifice 23 may range from 0.025 inch to 0.5 inch and higher and the length of this orifice may range from approximately 0.3 inch to 1 inch.
  • the orifice 25 is made as narrow as possible, of the order of of an inch.
  • the central orifice 2:3 is made as small as practicable to reduce lateral movement of the threadline.
  • a very thin, continuous sheet of air issues from orifice 25 completely around the filament bundle. This feature gives added stability to the threa line.
  • orifice 23 is made as short as possible to minimize the area of possible contact with the filaments and thereby reduce plucking, which causes variations in the tension of the packaged product.
  • the jet twister may be hinged at one side (not shown), so that it may be opened for string-up purposes. This feature allows the air passages to be readily inspected and cleaned without removing the device from the spinning machine.
  • the polytetramethylene ether glycol has a molecular weight of about 2000 and is thoroughly pro-dried by treatment with a molecular sieve.
  • the reagents are intimately mixed, remain in the mixer for one minute, and are discharged continuously into a jacketed pipeline maintained at about 96 C. and extending for 25 feet.
  • the pipeline serves as a reactor in which the polyether glycol is capped with 2 mols of the diisocyanate to yield an isocyanate-terminated polyether.
  • the average time spent in the reactor is between 90 and 100 minutes.
  • the isocyanate-terminated polyether is cooled at once to below 45 C.
  • the cooled isocyanate-terminated polyether is conducted at a rate of 9.2 pounds per hour into a high-shear mixer containing a rotating disc, and a stream of N,N-dimethylformamide is added at 42.8 pounds per hour.
  • the mixture (17.7% solids) is thoroughly agitated for 4 minutes and then passes to a chamber in which a mixture of hydrazine (35% in water) and diethylamine (5% in dimethylformamide) in the ratio of 37.5 parts of hydrazine to 1 part of diethylamine is added as a single stream at a rate of 0.465 pound per hour with strong agitation.
  • the mixture passes to a reaction chamber held at a temperature of 20-40" C., the contents having a residence time of about 2-3 minutes.
  • the emerging polymer solution contains approximately 17.7% solids and has a viscosity of 700 poises at 30 C.
  • the polymer has an inherent viscosity of 1.5.
  • the foregoing mixture is heated to a temperature of 70 C. and extruded through a spinneret containing 43 holes into a spinning column 20 feet in length.
  • Kemp gas essentially a mixture of about 87% nitrogen and 13% carbon dioxide, heated to 340 C. is introduced at the top of the spinning column and is drawn off at a point about 4 feet above the exit point of the filament bundle.
  • the filaments pass through a jet twister having a circular air slot 0.017 inch in width and a yarn orifice 0.063 inch in diameter and 0.875 inch in length. Air is supplied to the jet at the rate of 20 spasms cubic feet per hour.
  • Twist in the filament bundle is backed up from the jet into the column to a point about 9 feet above the exit point of the bundle, i.e. slightly more than 30% of the path of travel of the filaments through the heated portion of the spinning column.
  • the well coalesced multifilarnent of about 280 denier leaving the jet is passed over a roll turning at a linear speed of 535 yards per minute, is treated with an oil-based finish, is passed over another roll turning at 535 yards per minute and is wound up at 532 yards per minute.
  • the segmented polyurethanes from which the spandex filaments are obtained are generally prepared from hydroxyl-terminated prepolymens, such as hydroxyl-termihated polyethers and polyesters of low molecular Weight. Reaction of the prepolymer with a molar excess of organic diisocyanate, preferably an aromatic diisocyanate, produces 'an isocyana-te-terminated material which may then be chain-extended with a difunctional, active-hydrogen containing compound, such as water, hydrazine, organic diamines, glycols, aminoalcohols, etc. Many segmented polyurethanes of this type are described in several patents and are useful in the practice of this invention. Among these are US.
  • These patents teach that elastic filaments may be made from segmented polyurethanes which contain seg ments of a high-melting, crystalline polymer alternating in the chain with segments of a low-melting, amorphous polymer.
  • the crystalline, high-melting segment may be derived from, for example, a polyurea, polyurethane, polyamidc, or bis-ureylene polymer.
  • the low-melting, amorphous segment may be derived from, for example, a polyester, a polyether, or an N-alkylated polyurethane.
  • a polyester for example, a polyester, a polyether, or an N-alkylated polyurethane.
  • many of the segmented polyurethanes when in filament form display elongations at the break in excess of 200%, elastic recovery (or tensile recovery) of above about 90%, and stress decay of below about 20%.
  • segmented polyurethanes are preferably prepared by carrying out the polymerization reaction in the solvent to be used for spinning. Conventional procedures may be used for preparing such polymer solutions. Solvents which have been found satisfactory for use in the dry spinning operation include N,N-
  • the spinning solution may contain from 15% to 30% or more of polymer solids depending on solution viscosity and may be preheated prior to introduction to the spinneret. Viscositieis of the order of 400 to 1000 poises are conveniently handled. The inherent viscosity of the polymer should be above 0.6, prefenably above 1.0.
  • the backing up of twist from the jet twister into the spinning cell has the effect of reducing the total filament area from which solvent may be evaporated. A balance must thus be struck between acceptable coalescence and adequate solvent removal.
  • air to the twister may be supplied at how rates from about 10 lllO about 25 cubic feet per hour.
  • the point 27 to which the twist extends back in the cell and at which the plurality of filaments converge is controlled in the present process by adjusting the air fiow rate.
  • this point is as close to the ispinneret as possible and still permit reduction of the solvent content to less than about 2% by weight of the emerging filaments.
  • the heated portion of the cell extends from hot gas inlet 14 to the point of attachment of aspiration device 20.
  • the distance from 2'7 to 20 should generally be adjusted to exceed 30% of the heated portion of the cell. It is, of course, understood that in addition to the use of heated inert gas, the cell walls may be heated and that such heating may be done with vapor, with liquid, or electrically.
  • spandex multifilaments of from about 40 to 840 denier and above may be obtained by coalescing varying numbers of individual filaments.
  • the individual filaments may be from about 2 to about 20 denier per filament.
  • Multiple-thread spinning may be accomplished using the present invention by gathering the filaments issuing from the spinneret into separate groups, e.g. four, and conducting each group of filaments to a separate air jet twister located beneath the cell. This modification is obviously useful when not all of the filaments issuing from a single spinnereit are needed to make up the final coalesced multifiiament.
  • a mult-i-stream pump e.g. a four-stream pump, to supply lspinning solution to the separate groups of orifices in a spinneret.
  • the coalesced multifilament After leaving the air jet twister and roll 28, the coalesced multifilament is usually coated with a finish to elimate yarn tackiness and permit winding the coalesced multifilament onto a package from which it can be unwound without tension plucks.
  • the finish may consist of a suspension of tale in aqueous acetone.
  • various oil-based finishes may be used, as described in copending application S.N. 18,264, now Patent No. 3,039,- 897.
  • An aqueous finish usually requires that the yarn be dried for some period of time before use, whereas an oilbased finish requires no such treatment and furthermore, eliminates the abrasive effect of a talc-finished product.
  • a package of more uniform tension is obtained if a matte finish is applied to both rolls 28 and 32.
  • the arc of contact of the threadline against roll 32 is made as low as possible, e.g. less than
  • the coalesced multifilament is shown in FIGURE 1 as being wound directly on the final bobbin 40. 'It is to be undenstood that various after-treatments may be performed on the product before final windup.
  • a multifilament spandex may be drawn and repackaged as a different denier, and the drawing process may be combined with the spinning wind-up process. If desired, several coalesced multifilaments taken either directly from the spinning machine or from wound packages may be made into a multiend tape.
  • the process of the present invention has the advantage that coalescence of the individual filaments occurs in a dry, uncontaminated space immediately after extrusion, thereby insuring maximum interfilament adhesion. This results, of course, because the false twist device is located well below the point of initial filament-to-filament contact.
  • the method of this invention offers a distinct advantage over other coalescence methods, particularly in cases where multiple-thread spinning is desired.
  • the compact size of the jet twister permits locating several jets below the ordinary spinning cell.
  • the filaments of this invention find particular utility in foundation garments, girdles, corsets, surgical hosiery, woven or knitted swim wear, socks and sock tops.
  • the filaments are also useful in brassieres, suspenders, garters, slip tops, lingerie straps for slips and brassieres, form fitting hosiery afterwelts, support hosiery, surgical bandages and tapes, medical supports, panties, waistbands, leg bands, wristlets and jacket trim, dresswear, rainwear, skirts, sweaters, belts, suits, coats, hats, slacks, pajamas, skin diving suits, leotards, athletic uniforms, polo shirts, ski clothing, golf jackets, golf balls, golf club mittens, gloves, sling shots, watch straps, narrow tapes and webbings, braids, sewing thread, shoelaces, hairnets, chin straps, shoe gores, shoe fabrics, carpets and rugs, furniture upholstery, slip covers, automobile upholstery,
  • the filaments of this invention may be blended with relatively nonelastic filaments, e.g., nylon and/or nonelastic filaments in the stretchy form for making a wide variety of elastid or stretchy products including woven, knitted and nonwoven fabrics for use in universal fitting apparel, e.g., socks, stockings, elastic cuffs, action sportswear, and others as listed hereinbefore; household products, e.g., form-fitting upholstery; industrial products, e.g., woven and nonwoven felts, resilient pads and films, synthetic leather, filter fabrics, stuffing material, boat covers, balloon fabrics, sleeping bags, hammocks, automobile tops, and tarpaulins; and medical products, e.g., surgical stockings and splint tapes.
  • the filaments of this invention can be employed in the aforementioned applications in the form of either continuous filaments or as a blend of staple fibers, as appropriate.
  • a process for preparing a coalesced multifilament which comprises extruding a solvent-containing solution of a spandex polymer through a spinneret having a plurality of orifices therein into a spinning cell to form a plurality of separate filaments, forwarding said filaments in an unsupported fashion through said cell while simultaneously introducing into said cell a gaseous evaporative medium, Withdrawing said filaments from said cell through an outlet remote from said orifices and thence through a vortex of circulating gaseous fluid wherein said fluid exerts a torque on said filaments imparting a false twist thereto, said false twist extending back along the line of said filaments into said cell to a point at which the filaments are in a sufficient plasticized state to adhere to each other thereby forming a false-twisted coalesced multifilament, passing said twisted multifilaments from said vortex into contact with forwarding means under suflicient tension to counteract said torque imparted by said vortex thereby removing said

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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US123248A 1961-07-11 1961-07-11 Dry spinning process for preparing coalesced spandex filaments Expired - Lifetime US3094374A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL280787D NL280787A (zh) 1961-07-11
US123248A US3094374A (en) 1961-07-11 1961-07-11 Dry spinning process for preparing coalesced spandex filaments
GB25439/62A GB934519A (en) 1961-07-11 1962-07-03 Process for preparing spandex yarn
NL62280787A NL139044B (nl) 1961-07-11 1962-07-11 Werkwijze ter vervaardiging van elastomeer eenheidsgaren, alsmede aldus verkregen eenheidsgaren.

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Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3335560A (en) * 1963-10-29 1967-08-15 Ichikawa Ryotaro Hollow twist synthetic resin and method of producing same
US3342027A (en) * 1965-05-04 1967-09-19 Du Pont Coalesced multifilament yarn
US3353344A (en) * 1964-10-13 1967-11-21 Du Pont Fluid jet twister
US3409493A (en) * 1962-11-16 1968-11-05 Ici Ltd Process for twistless multifilament polyethylene terephthalate yarn
US3445995A (en) * 1966-12-19 1969-05-27 Leesona Corp Strand twisting apparatus
US3451207A (en) * 1965-10-27 1969-06-24 Wool Ind Res Assoc Device for handling an end of yarn or roving
US3470583A (en) * 1964-07-02 1969-10-07 Celanese Corp False twisting
US3496263A (en) * 1965-07-21 1970-02-17 Asahi Chemical Ind Process for the recovery of n,n-dimethylformamides of n,n - dimethylacetamides from waste gases in the dry spinning of polyacrylonitrile by water contact and condensing
US3777470A (en) * 1968-11-19 1973-12-11 Asahi Chemical Ind Method of forming a yarn package
US3883630A (en) * 1971-09-09 1975-05-13 Solvay Process for the recovery of synthetic fibrils
US4009563A (en) * 1973-11-10 1977-03-01 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for false-twisting synthetic filament yarns
EP0182615A2 (en) * 1984-11-15 1986-05-28 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret
US4679998A (en) * 1984-11-15 1987-07-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret having groups of orifices with various interorifice spacing
EP0393422A2 (de) * 1989-04-17 1990-10-24 Bayer Ag Verspinnung von segmentierten Polyurethanharnstoff-Elastomeren in Dampfatmosphäre
US5002474A (en) * 1989-11-28 1991-03-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret for dry spinning spandex yarns
US5632139A (en) * 1996-04-03 1997-05-27 Southridge Corporation Yarn commingling apparatus and method
US5723080A (en) * 1995-07-27 1998-03-03 Bayer Faser Gmbh Process for producing splittable elastane yarns
WO1998028471A1 (en) * 1996-07-24 1998-07-02 Du Pont-Toray Company, Ltd. Coalesced multifilament spandex and method for its preparation
US6214145B1 (en) 1996-07-24 2001-04-10 Dupont Toray Co., Ltd. Coalesced multifilament spandex and method for its preparation
CN101851792A (zh) * 2010-06-25 2010-10-06 浙江四海氨纶纤维有限公司 氨纶纺丝甬道氮气补加装置及其工艺
CN101899720A (zh) * 2010-07-13 2010-12-01 浙江四海氨纶纤维有限公司 氨纶纺丝甬道空气抽吸装置及其工艺
CN103194810A (zh) * 2013-04-07 2013-07-10 浙江四海氨纶纤维有限公司 一种用于日清纺干法纺细旦丝提速的氨纶卷绕工艺
US9487889B2 (en) 2010-12-28 2016-11-08 Invista North America S.A.R.L. Bi-component spandex with separable reduced friction filaments
WO2017200900A1 (en) 2016-05-20 2017-11-23 Invista North America S.A R.L. Non-round solution spun spandex filaments and methods and devices for production thereof
CN108315827A (zh) * 2018-03-13 2018-07-24 王慧丽 一种聚酯纤维纺丝工艺
CN110318106A (zh) * 2019-06-24 2019-10-11 郑州中远氨纶工程技术有限公司 一种高回弹粗旦氨纶及其制备方法
WO2020212618A1 (en) 2019-04-17 2020-10-22 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. A composite yarn comprising at least two bundles of coalesced elastic filaments and a plurality of inelastic elements
US11299823B2 (en) * 2018-04-20 2022-04-12 Daicel Corporation Spinning apparatus and spinning method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2347801A1 (de) * 1973-09-22 1975-04-10 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur herstellung vororientierter endlosfaeden

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2352861A (en) * 1941-06-19 1944-07-04 Visking Corp Making twisted multifilament yarn

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2352861A (en) * 1941-06-19 1944-07-04 Visking Corp Making twisted multifilament yarn

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3409493A (en) * 1962-11-16 1968-11-05 Ici Ltd Process for twistless multifilament polyethylene terephthalate yarn
US3335560A (en) * 1963-10-29 1967-08-15 Ichikawa Ryotaro Hollow twist synthetic resin and method of producing same
US3470583A (en) * 1964-07-02 1969-10-07 Celanese Corp False twisting
US3353344A (en) * 1964-10-13 1967-11-21 Du Pont Fluid jet twister
US3342027A (en) * 1965-05-04 1967-09-19 Du Pont Coalesced multifilament yarn
US3496263A (en) * 1965-07-21 1970-02-17 Asahi Chemical Ind Process for the recovery of n,n-dimethylformamides of n,n - dimethylacetamides from waste gases in the dry spinning of polyacrylonitrile by water contact and condensing
US3451207A (en) * 1965-10-27 1969-06-24 Wool Ind Res Assoc Device for handling an end of yarn or roving
US3445995A (en) * 1966-12-19 1969-05-27 Leesona Corp Strand twisting apparatus
US3777470A (en) * 1968-11-19 1973-12-11 Asahi Chemical Ind Method of forming a yarn package
US3883630A (en) * 1971-09-09 1975-05-13 Solvay Process for the recovery of synthetic fibrils
US4009563A (en) * 1973-11-10 1977-03-01 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for false-twisting synthetic filament yarns
EP0182615A2 (en) * 1984-11-15 1986-05-28 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret
US4679998A (en) * 1984-11-15 1987-07-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret having groups of orifices with various interorifice spacing
EP0182615A3 (en) * 1984-11-15 1988-03-30 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret
EP0393422A3 (de) * 1989-04-17 1991-07-17 Bayer Ag Verspinnung von segmentierten Polyurethanharnstoff-Elastomeren in Dampfatmosphäre
EP0393422A2 (de) * 1989-04-17 1990-10-24 Bayer Ag Verspinnung von segmentierten Polyurethanharnstoff-Elastomeren in Dampfatmosphäre
US5057260A (en) * 1989-04-17 1991-10-15 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Spinning of segmented polyurethane-urea elastomers in a steam atmosphere
US5002474A (en) * 1989-11-28 1991-03-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret for dry spinning spandex yarns
US5723080A (en) * 1995-07-27 1998-03-03 Bayer Faser Gmbh Process for producing splittable elastane yarns
US5632139A (en) * 1996-04-03 1997-05-27 Southridge Corporation Yarn commingling apparatus and method
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