US3071432A - Process for operating a washing machine - Google Patents

Process for operating a washing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3071432A
US3071432A US764419A US76441958A US3071432A US 3071432 A US3071432 A US 3071432A US 764419 A US764419 A US 764419A US 76441958 A US76441958 A US 76441958A US 3071432 A US3071432 A US 3071432A
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United States
Prior art keywords
washing
water
drum
temperature
stage
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US764419A
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English (en)
Inventor
Geschka Hugo Werner
Heidenreich Albert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Peter Pfenningsberg GmbH
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Pfenningsberg Gmbh Maschfab
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F35/00—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
    • D06F35/005—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying
    • D06F35/006—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying for washing or rinsing only
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/02—Rotary receptacles, e.g. drums
    • D06F37/04—Rotary receptacles, e.g. drums adapted for rotation or oscillation about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • D06F37/06—Ribs, lifters, or rubbing means forming part of the receptacle
    • D06F37/065—Ribs, lifters, or rubbing means forming part of the receptacle ribs or lifters having means for circulating the washing liquid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/28—Arrangements for program selection, e.g. control panels therefor; Arrangements for indicating program parameters, e.g. the selected program or its progress
    • D06F34/30—Arrangements for program selection, e.g. control panels therefor; Arrangements for indicating program parameters, e.g. the selected program or its progress characterised by mechanical features, e.g. buttons or rotary dials

Definitions

  • the dirt-carrying capacity of the washing agent is then of great importance because the particles of dirt are kept in suspension by the washing agent.
  • the above mentioned washing process which has hitherto usually been employed, has the disadvantage that the dirt removed from the fibers remains in the washing liquid from the beginning until the end of the washing process and, therefore, comes into contact again and again with the articles being washed.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a washing process which does not processes the disadvantages of the above-mentioned processes and enables their advantages to be fully utilized to produce an improved washing effect with economy of washing agent and heat consumption.
  • the washing process is carried out in two stages during the first of which a continuous supply and discharge of water takes place to and from the washing container and the washing liquid in the container is heated and during the second of which the supply and discharge of water is discontinued but heating is maintained until the end of the washing process.
  • the temperature of the washing liquid rises the loss of heat from the liquid also becomes greater; If the temperature of the washing liquid is plotted against time the temperature/time curve becomes increasingly flatter towards the end of the washing process. According to the amount of heat supplied and the amount of water discharged through the overflow it will sooner or later happen that a state of equilibrium is reached and the temperature of the washing liquid does not rise any longer. If the flow of water through the container in the first stage is too great, it is possible that the final temperature of 85 to 90 C. which is necessary for the washing process is never reached.
  • the characteristic feature of the first stage is that a relatively large quantity of dirt is removed because the removal and dispersal of the coarse dirt at the beginning of the process is much more rapid than the removal of the last traces of dirt.
  • the capacity of the washing agent for 60 carrying away the dirt is considerably better in the second stage of the process because the liquid does not flow through the container and in this stage only a relatively small quantity of dirt is present. Therefore, a high degree of cleanliness is also obtained.
  • the choice of the 65 correct moment for changing over from the first washing stage to the second depends mainly on the material being washed, on how dirty it is, on the temperature of the water and on the amount of water which is continuously passed through the container. It is preferably determined by 70 experiment.
  • the particles of dirt which are combined with the oil or fat can be removed only with difiiculty at low temperatures.
  • washing machines having a pre-heating boiler it is possible to pre-heat the washing liquid before it flows into the container during the first washing stage. Further, it may be advantageous to use pre-heated Water for the water which is continuously supplied during the first stage. In any case, it is possible with the above-mentioned machines to use the method of the invention when the materials or articles to be washed are heavily contaminated by fats, oils or the like and to clean them to the necessary extent.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the washing drum container of an automatic washing machine having a washing drum which rotates about a horizontal axis;
  • FIGURE 2 is a graph of the temperature of the washing liquid plotted against time
  • FIGURE 3 is another temperature/time graph
  • FIGURE 4 shows one form of control knob for the machine
  • FIGURE 5 shows another form of control.
  • a perforated washing drum 3 which rotates about a horizontal axis 2 is mounted in a container 1.
  • the container 1 is provided, below the washing drum, with a water outlet 4 and an adjacent water inlet 5.
  • An overflow outlet 7 is provided at the level 6 up to which the container 1 is to be filled with liquid.
  • a number of heating elements 9 are provided in the lower part of the annular space 8 between the washing drum 3 and the container 1.
  • a valve 10 is provided in the water inlet pipe for controlling the inlet of water and is preferably actuated by electromagnetic means.
  • FIGURE 2 time is plotted as the abscissa and the temperature of the washing liquid as the ordinate.
  • the washing process begins at the point P at which the water flows into the washing drum 1, for example, at a temperature of C.
  • the heaters 9 are switched on and the inlet valve is opened to allow a continuous inflow of water.
  • the heat output Q and the amount of water M introduced per unit of time are indicated in FIGURE 2 by the chain-dotted lines. At first the temperature rises continuously and relatively quickly. The rate of temperature rise becomes smaller as the time increases and would finally become zero at the point P From this point onwards equilibrium occurs between the introduction and the loss of heat.
  • a definite temperature T and time t are reached at the point P depending on the output of the heaters 9 and the amount M of the inflowing and outflowing water. Therefore, if after a certain time a temperature T is reached, the output of the heaters 9 is fixed for a given volumeof liquid in the washing drum and for a fixed inflow and outflow of water.
  • the point P corresponds in practice usually to a temperature of 90 to 95 C. and the time taken to reach this point should, in general, be less than 60 minutes.
  • the temperature/time graph illustrated in FIGURE 3 shows corresponding conditions for washing articles which are heavily contaminated with fat or oil.
  • the temperature is raised to the point P which corresponds approximately to the boiling point of the liquid, by switching in an additional heater having a heat output AQ.
  • the additional heater is cut off and the supply of water is also shut off either immediately or a short time afterwards.
  • the temperature falls while the inflow of water still continuous at first by the amount AT until a condition of equilibrium is reached at the point P If then at the point of time P the continuous inflow of water is cut off the temperature again rises, for example, to C. at the point P and the washing process is completed.
  • the change-over of the washing machine from the first washing stage in which there is a continuous inflow and outflow of water to the second washing stage in which the washing liquid remains in the container can be effected with many different kinds of devices.
  • the shutting of the regulating valve which adjusts the continuous inflow of water during the first washing stage can be effezted by control means which provides a control impulse in dependence on the predetermined duration t of the first phase.
  • the control impulse is preferably provided by the program switch which is always present in automatic washing machines. It is also possible to shut the valve 10 by a temperaturesensitive device, for example one having several switch ing stages, which, when the temperature of the washing liquid reaches a predetermined temperature corresponding to the change-over point P cuts off the further supply of water.
  • a further way of controlling the washing machine is to provide control means which control the shutting of the valve 10 and, therefore, the cutting off of the inflow of water in dependence on the total amount of water which flows in and out during the first washing stage.
  • a washing machine which operates in accordance with the process of the invention is preferably provided with control knobs for carrying out the preliminary adjustment of the control means which actuates the valve 10 and, if desired, the time during which an additional heating device provided in the machine is connected. This will depend on the nature of material to be washed and on its dirtiness.
  • the washing machine is constructed and electrically connected in such a way that it can be arranged to work in accordance with the customary washing process or also in accordance with the two-stage process of the invention with or without additional heating.
  • FIGURES 4 and 5 show embodiments of the control knobs provided on the machine.
  • FIGURE 4 shows a switch knob 12 which can be moved over a scale 11.
  • the knob 12 can be set in three different positions 13, 14 and 15, namely in the economy, normal and power positions. In the normal position the machine operates in accordance with the customary washing process, whereas in the economy and power position it operates according to the new two-stage process with or without additional heating.
  • FIGURE 5 Further control knobs are shown in FIGURE 5 in which, in addition to the starting and stopping knobs further knobs 16, 17 and 18 for providing economy, normal and power processes are also provided.
  • a process for operating a washing machine provided with a rotatable drum comprising the steps of charging said drum with articles to be washed, setting said drum in rotation, continuously supplying fresh water to the rotating drum and removing overflowing liquid from said drum While continuously heating said drum during a first operating stage at a rate resulting in a substantially linear rise of the temperature of said water, discontinuing the water supply upon said temperature attaining a predetermined level substantially below the boiling point of water, maintaining the supply of heat during a second operating stage at a rate resulting in a more rapid rise of the Water temperature toward the boiling point of Water, and continuing the heating of the rotating drum until the water temperature has reached a value close to said boiling point.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
US764419A 1957-10-11 1958-09-30 Process for operating a washing machine Expired - Lifetime US3071432A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM35583A DE1115706B (de) 1957-10-11 1957-10-11 Waschverfahren und automatische Waschmaschine zu seiner Durchfuehrung
DE3071432X 1957-10-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3071432A true US3071432A (en) 1963-01-01

Family

ID=61799999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US764419A Expired - Lifetime US3071432A (en) 1957-10-11 1958-09-30 Process for operating a washing machine

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3071432A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE570728A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH371425A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE1115706B (en:Method)
FR (1) FR1209696A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB830739A (en:Method)
LU (1) LU36341A1 (en:Method)
NL (1) NL230708A (en:Method)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3984201A (en) * 1974-04-25 1976-10-05 General Electric Company Laundry machine and method of washing clothes
US3997292A (en) * 1974-11-18 1976-12-14 General Electric Company Laundry machine
US4110075A (en) * 1975-12-04 1978-08-29 Bosch-Siemens Hausgerate Gmbh Process for washing textiles in an automatic washing machine, working substances and apparatus for its performance
US20090106914A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2009-04-30 Wilhelm Bringewatt Method for the wet treatment of laundry
EP2412862A2 (en) 2010-07-29 2012-02-01 Fagor, S. Coop. Clothes washing method for a washing machine
CN104480669A (zh) * 2014-11-14 2015-04-01 西安交通大学 一种等离子体雾化用于洗衣消毒的装置和方法
US20150289745A1 (en) * 2012-11-28 2015-10-15 Giambattista BLASETTI Automatic machine to wash kitchenware

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3099022A (en) * 1961-01-25 1963-07-30 Pfenningsberg Gmbh Maschfab Method of operating a washing machine
US5272893A (en) * 1992-09-11 1993-12-28 White Consolidated Industries, Inc. Enzyme bath maintenance system
US6553594B2 (en) * 2001-09-20 2003-04-29 Maytag Corporation Control system for clothes washing machine incorporating heater

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2161604A (en) * 1935-04-06 1939-06-06 Gen Electric Washing machine
US2193495A (en) * 1936-07-01 1940-03-12 Rolkern Retlo Washing machine
USRE22375E (en) * 1943-09-14 Cleaning textile and similar
US2676088A (en) * 1949-06-30 1954-04-20 Electrolux Ab Method of washing, rinsing, and squeeze drying clothes
US2722119A (en) * 1954-02-17 1955-11-01 Arthur R Constantine Door construction for tumbler type washing machines
US2730887A (en) * 1954-03-04 1956-01-17 Braithwaite I & Son Eng Ltd Rotary machine for use in washing, dry cleaning and dyeing garments and other articles
US2757065A (en) * 1952-07-22 1956-07-31 Speed Flex Inc Method of washing clothes

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH323300A (de) * 1955-06-13 1957-07-31 Rothenberger Irmgard Verfahren zum Waschen und Spülen von Wäsche in einer Doppeltrommelwaschmaschine und Waschmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE1017129B (de) * 1956-02-03 1957-10-10 Erich Sulzmann Verfahren zum Waschen und Spuelen in Stroemungswaschmaschinen
CH327250A (de) * 1956-10-26 1958-01-31 Jakob Rothenberger Waschverfahren und Waschmaschine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE22375E (en) * 1943-09-14 Cleaning textile and similar
US2161604A (en) * 1935-04-06 1939-06-06 Gen Electric Washing machine
US2193495A (en) * 1936-07-01 1940-03-12 Rolkern Retlo Washing machine
US2676088A (en) * 1949-06-30 1954-04-20 Electrolux Ab Method of washing, rinsing, and squeeze drying clothes
US2757065A (en) * 1952-07-22 1956-07-31 Speed Flex Inc Method of washing clothes
US2722119A (en) * 1954-02-17 1955-11-01 Arthur R Constantine Door construction for tumbler type washing machines
US2730887A (en) * 1954-03-04 1956-01-17 Braithwaite I & Son Eng Ltd Rotary machine for use in washing, dry cleaning and dyeing garments and other articles

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3984201A (en) * 1974-04-25 1976-10-05 General Electric Company Laundry machine and method of washing clothes
US3997292A (en) * 1974-11-18 1976-12-14 General Electric Company Laundry machine
US4110075A (en) * 1975-12-04 1978-08-29 Bosch-Siemens Hausgerate Gmbh Process for washing textiles in an automatic washing machine, working substances and apparatus for its performance
US20090106914A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2009-04-30 Wilhelm Bringewatt Method for the wet treatment of laundry
EP2412862A2 (en) 2010-07-29 2012-02-01 Fagor, S. Coop. Clothes washing method for a washing machine
US20150289745A1 (en) * 2012-11-28 2015-10-15 Giambattista BLASETTI Automatic machine to wash kitchenware
CN104480669A (zh) * 2014-11-14 2015-04-01 西安交通大学 一种等离子体雾化用于洗衣消毒的装置和方法
CN104480669B (zh) * 2014-11-14 2016-11-09 西安交通大学 一种等离子体雾化用于洗衣消毒的装置和方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE570728A (fr) 1958-09-15
LU36341A1 (de) 1958-10-11
GB830739A (en) 1960-03-16
CH371425A (de) 1963-08-31
DE1115706B (de) 1961-10-26
FR1209696A (fr) 1960-03-03
NL230708A (en:Method) 1958-08-21

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