US3063519A - Building structure - Google Patents

Building structure Download PDF

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US3063519A
US3063519A US794564A US79456459A US3063519A US 3063519 A US3063519 A US 3063519A US 794564 A US794564 A US 794564A US 79456459 A US79456459 A US 79456459A US 3063519 A US3063519 A US 3063519A
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Prior art keywords
framework
shell
units
frame
members
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Expired - Lifetime
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US794564A
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English (en)
Inventor
Donald L Richter
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Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp
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Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to GB25423/57A priority Critical patent/GB836466A/en
Priority to DEK32783A priority patent/DE1116371B/de
Priority to CH360794D priority patent/CH360794A/de
Priority to FR1184932D priority patent/FR1184932A/fr
Priority to BE561898D priority patent/BE561898A/xx
Application filed by Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp filed Critical Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corp
Priority to US794564A priority patent/US3063519A/en
Priority to GB5342/60A priority patent/GB924868A/en
Priority to FR819118A priority patent/FR77191E/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3063519A publication Critical patent/US3063519A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B1/3211—Structures with a vertical rotation axis or the like, e.g. semi-spherical structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
    • E04B7/10—Shell structures, e.g. of hyperbolic-parabolic shape; Grid-like formations acting as shell structures; Folded structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
    • E04B7/10—Shell structures, e.g. of hyperbolic-parabolic shape; Grid-like formations acting as shell structures; Folded structures
    • E04B7/102—Shell structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
    • E04B7/10—Shell structures, e.g. of hyperbolic-parabolic shape; Grid-like formations acting as shell structures; Folded structures
    • E04B7/105—Grid-like structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/08—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of metal, e.g. sheet metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3235—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures having a grid frame
    • E04B2001/3241—Frame connection details
    • E04B2001/3247—Nodes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3235—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures having a grid frame
    • E04B2001/3252—Covering details
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3294—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures with a faceted surface

Definitions

  • This invention relates to building structures. More particularly, this invention relates to improvements in the building structures disclosed in my present copending application Serial No. 676,223, filed August 5, 1957, said application Serial No. 676,223 also being a continuationin-part of my prior application Serial No. 632,893, filed January 7, 1957 (now abandoned). The present application also constitutes a continuation is part of patent application Serial No. 676,223, filed August 5, 1957.
  • This combination framework and scaffolding serves a dual function. It acts, first, as a scaffolding frame to which sub-assemblies of the tetrahedronal structural shapes or panel units disclosed in my copending application can be affixed thereby aiding materially in facilitating the assembly of structures fabricated from such shapes. Secondly, it acts as a unique reinforcing framework in structures fabricated from these shapes.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic elevational view with parts removed of one form of building structure constructed in accordance with the instant invention wherein the trusstype framework is disposed on the outside of the shell-like portion of the structure;
  • FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary top planview of a portion of the building structure shown in FIGURE 1 and discloses in more detail the relationship of the various frame members and panel units making up the same;
  • FIGURE 2a is an exploded perspective view of a basic structural unit which would be used in forming the shelllike portion of the structure shown in FIGURE 1 together with the basic components needed for securing the unit to similar units during the assembly of a building structure;
  • FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary perspective and partially schematic view of the lower portion of the spherical domelike building disclosed in FIGURE 1 and shows in more detail the arrangement for anchoring the inner shell-like structure to the ground and with the outer dome-like reinforcing framework superposed thereon and secured thereto;
  • FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along the line 44 of FIGURE 1 and shows in some detail one suitable arrangement for securing the outer trusslike framework to the inner shell-like portion of the structure;
  • FIGURE 5 is a top plan view of a suitable type of fitting or accessory for use in securing the individual frame members making up the outer truss-like framework to each other;
  • FIGURE 6 is a sectional view taken along line 66 of FIGURE 5;
  • FIGURE 7 is a schematic elevational view, with parts removed for the sake of clarity, of a modified type of Patented Nov. I3, 1952 building structure wherein the shell-like portion of the structure is disposed on the outside of and is connected to an inner truss-like framework;
  • FIGURE 8 is a fragmentary and partially diagrammatic view of the inside of the building structure shown in FIG- URE 7 and discloses the manner in which the inner trusslike framework is secured to the individual shapes making up the shell-like portion of the building structure;
  • FIGURE 9 is a partial plan view of one suitable joint arrangement that may be used in securing the principal components of the inner truss-like framework of FIG- URES 7 and 8 to each other;
  • FIGURE 10 is a sectional view taken along line ill-Ii) of FIGURE 9, with parts removed for the sake of clarity;
  • FIGURE 11 is a cross-sectional view of one suitable type of joint arrangement that may be used to secure the components making up the inner truss-like frame of FIG- URES 7-9 to the components making up the outer shelllike structure.
  • one advantageous embodiment of the instant invention generally contemplates the use of an outer combination reinforcing framework and scaffolding- 1 in spherical buildings constructed in accordance with the teachings of my copending application Serial No. 676,223, filed August 5, 1957.
  • This scaffolding comprises a first series of individual frame elements 2 and a second series of individual frame elements 3.
  • Frame elements 2 and 3 may both be hollow tubes.
  • frame elements 2 are generally located in the same spherical plane and form regular polygons such as the hexagons disclosed in the drawings.
  • Frame elements 3 project in a coverging fashion inwardly of frame elements 2.
  • Frame elements 2 and 3 are secured to each other by any suitable means such as, for example, by means of the ball-like elements orfittings 4 disclosed in FIGURES 4-6.
  • Each ball-like element 4 may be a casting formed so as to be provided with a plurality of sockets 5 of which six are shown. Three of these sockets receive the frame elements 2 and the other three sockets receive the frame members 3 which project inwardly and in an inclined converging fashion from the ball like elements or fittings 4.
  • the sockets are provided with elongated openings 6 in the side walls thereof.
  • the individual tetrahedronal-type building blocks or units 7 used for the inner dome structure or dome-like shell are generally comprised of a shape or panel 7' preferably diamond shaped in plan view and having a major axis MM and a minor axis NN.
  • These panels are also preferably made of aluminum of a suitable gauge and alloy.
  • the major axis or the center long diagonal of the panel will also be slightly cambered upwardly from the true horizontal plane or plane of rest H.
  • Major axis MM also lies in a generally true vertical plane V.
  • the minor axis NN of the finished panel is slightly above the horizontal plane H but is normal with respect to the axis MM and hence normal with respect to the vertical plane V.
  • the basic shape or panel 7 therefor includes corners or vertices 8, 9, 1t and 11, corners 8 and 9 lying along major axis MM and corners 10 and 11 lying along the minor axis NN.
  • the panel is bowed r forms a curve passing from corner -10, through the axis MM, and thence to the corner 11.
  • the corners 10 and 11 are'in turn connected to a suitably shaped strut member 12 which lies along and generally coincides with the minor axis NN. This strut is also generally parallel to but vertically spaced from the plane H and is normal to the plane V.
  • the strut 12 is secured to the panel or shape 7' at the corners 10 and 11 by means of apertured flanges 13 through which suitable bolts or rivets are passed, the same bolts or rivets also being passed through the openlugs 14 in a panel 7.
  • the panel may also be advantageously provided with reinforcing creases such as creases 12 and 13 which may emanate from corners 8 and 9.
  • edges of the unit are also advantageously provided with downturned stiffening or reinforcing flanges 15, 15', 16 and 16'.
  • the flanged edges of each of the panels as well as the struts and the long central diagonal of the panel advantageously act as the frame elements of a threedimensional truss structure formed by an assemblage of the structural units, all as indicated more fully in my prior copending application.
  • the corners 8, 9, 10 and 11 may also be rounded or squared 01f for facility in assembling a plurality of units together.
  • each unit 7 comprisesd of a panel 7' and strut 12
  • strut members 12 form a regular polygon such as a hexagon.
  • the units are usually joined together at several common points, all as shown more particularly in FIGURES 2 and 3. These units are joined along their long diagonals or axes MM and at the vertex points A on the shell-like structure by means of wheel-like elements or rosette-like gussets 20. Adjacent units are joined together along their short diagonals by means of the clusters 24 of hub-like clamp elements 25, 26 and 27.
  • Each wheel-like element 20 may comprise an aluminum casting provided with a central hub or web portion 40 from which a plurality of perforate and reinforced spoke-like members 42 radiate in the manner of a wheel.
  • the center of the hub 40 may also be provided with a central opening 43.
  • a combination diamond shaped sheet and strut is anchored at one of its corners 9 or 8 to a rosette or rosette-like gusset 20 by having the corner of the unit and the flanges 15 and 16' or 15 and 16 overlap one of the spoke-like elements 42 of the rosette-like gusset 20, as indicated for example in FIGURE 4.
  • the structural shapes 7' are also secured to each other at their flanged portions 15, 15', 16 and 16' by means of bolts or rivets thrust through the openings 44 in these flanges.
  • additional series of structural elements 7 so arranged that the struts 12 are connected to the six vertex points B of the basic hexagon-like frame and radiate outwardly from these points.
  • the means for securing the adjacent structural units at the corners 1t) and 11 comprise a cluster 24 of hub elements or clamps 25, 26 and 27. These may be made in the form of aluminum castings and each clamp is securable to a separate panel 7' adjacent the corner 11 or 10 thereof on the short diagonal of the unit 7. Ordinarily the short diagonal corners of the three panels 7' will converge at the vertex points B because of the geometric patern formed by the units 7. Thus, only three hub clamps need be used and these clamps are provided with suitable perforations or openings whereby when bolts are thrust therethrough as well as through openings 14 in the corners 10 or 11 of the several units,
  • the manner of connecting the various units 7 together along with their struts and the short diagonals thereof by means of the clusters 24 of hub elements is such that the struts on adjacent units are also interconnected with each other whereby the struts on the various panels advantageously transfer loads from one to another. It is also of interest to note in connection with the vertices B or points where the corners of the short diagonals of the structurals 7 converge that they form the apices of a plurality of pyramidal type units when the long diagonal of each unit is considered as a frame member in the over-all framework of the inner shell-like structure and with the long diagonal of each unit serving as a base line for a pyramid.
  • the strut 12 serves to connect the apices of the pyramidal type units together.
  • the anchoring means for accomplishing this may include a second rosette-type element 30 which is of similar configuration to rosettetype element 20. It is provided with a central opening 3% and perforated spoke-like elements 31 which radiate outwardly from the central portion 32 and are aligned with the spoke-like elements 42 of rosette 20.
  • Their point of convergence also preferably coincides with the points of convergence of certain of the long diagonals of the groups of diamond shaped structural units or at alternate vertex points A on the shell-like structure formed by the units 7.
  • the unique building structures provided with this outer framework 1 have a geometrically patterned outer spiderlike frame work comprised of the tubular members 2 and 3 connected to an inner surface or inner covering of undulating and marginally joined diamond shaped sheets.
  • the geometric pattern of the over-all structure is generally a series of reoccurring polygons such as hexagons with the hexagons of the inner sphere formed by units 7 having superposed thereon the hexagons of the outer frame work 1.
  • the components or frame members 2 and 3 also define a three-dimensional space truss structure superposed and connected to an inner three-dimensional space truss.
  • the completed structure thus can be considered as two fully integrated or interconnected three-dimensional space trusses so disposed with respect to each other that loads will be efficiently transferred from one to the other at alternate vertex points A, where the various groups of frame elements 3 and the sub-assemblies of tetrahedronal structural units 7 have common convergence points.
  • the structure formed by the instant invention is a spherical structure.
  • the various frame elements 2 and 3 as well as the marginal edges, strut and long diagonal of the several panels 7' are also advantageously located along great s,oes,519
  • an arrangement is also provided for supporting and anchoring the sphere to the ground.
  • This arrangement is generally shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the bottom extremities of a plurality of units 7 may be directly anchored to the ground piers 46.
  • the main support columns 47 for the inner shell-like structure are also connected to the piers and to the inner sphere at the vertex or reaction points A.
  • the anchoring piers 46 and support columns 47 are arranged in perimetric groups to conform with the general curvature of the sphere and the geometric arrangement of the panel units 7.
  • each of these perimetric groups the centermost diamond shaped sheet 7' and column 47 are generally located in only one inclined plane to the vertical.
  • the diamond shaped sheets 7' on either side thereof as well as the columns 47 connected thereto, since they are radially disposed with respect to these centermost sheets and columns, are usually inclined in two planes. Since the particular manner in which the columns 47 are secured to the innermost sphere is more fully disclosed and described in my copending application, it is not believed that any detailed discussion of the same is required except to say that bolt means 32' used to secure the outer framework 1 to the inner sphere at these lower peripheral vertex points A should be large enough to accommodate rosettes and and the apertured sleeve or fitting 50 amxed to the support columns 47. In this way the portion of the outer framework 1 secured to the lower perimetric groups of tetrahedronal structural units can be properly affixed to these units at the lower perimetric vertex points A.
  • the outermost frame 1 may be secured or anchored to ground posts 46 in such a way, as indicated in FIGURES 3 and 4, that it will be generally comprised of a series of full regular hexagons bounded by partial hexagons each of which will normally have three sides common to a full geometric figure or hexagon. Suitable means (not shown) would also be used to secure the converging ends of the tube-like elements 2 and 3 disposed at the lowermost portion of the outer framework 1 to each other and to ground anchoring elements or posts 46.
  • the shell-like structure 60 comprised of tetrahedronal-like structurals 7 would be disposed on the outside of the building while the combination reinforcing truss-like framework and scaffolding 61 is disposed on the inside of the building.
  • the inner trusslike framework 61 is generally comprised of a plurality of base units or frame elements 62, which are arranged in the form of a polygon such as a hexagon and perform a similar function to elements 2 in the outer framework 1 of FIGURES 1-6, and frame elements 63, which perform a similar function to elements 3 of the outer framework 1.
  • Frame elements 63 are also inclined outwardly of the generally common spherical plane in which the base elements 62 lie in the case of the structure shown in FIG- URES 7-11. Frame elements 63 converge toward one another and the outer shell-like structure 60 at alternate vertex points A in the outer shell-like structure. From the above description it will be readily apparent that framework 61 can be considered merely the reverse of framework 1.
  • each base unit 62 is made in the form of a pair of spaced, parallel tube-like members 64.
  • each socket assembly comprises six socket members 66, two socket members being used for each of the base units 62 or one for each tube 64.
  • Each socket member 66 is somewhat L-shaped in plan being comprised of a foot 67 and a leg element 68. The foot 67 is milled out to form a pair of openings 69 and an anchoring base 70 provided with openings 71.
  • the leg element 68 of each socket member 66 is milled out to provide a socket opening 72 and a socket recess 73 for a tube 64.
  • Socket opening 72 has both an arcuate and tapered configuration so as to allow for adjustment of a tube 64 in the socket member.
  • an individual tube 64 has been properly disposed with respect to its associated socket member 66 on a suitable jig assembly, it is permanently afiixed thereto by welding or bolting.
  • the bases 71 on the feet 67 of each socket member will rest on each other with their openings 71 being in alignment.
  • Bolts 75 are then thrust through the aligned openings 71 and when these bolts 75 are secured they will hold a pair of tubes 64 in position adjacent each other.
  • each base unit 62 will form a walkway between adjacent socket assemblies 65. It will also be observed by referring to FIGURES 9 and 10 that the forward parts of the feet 67 of each socket member 66 are rounded off as at 77 whereby when six members are arranged on a jig or fixture the feet 67 of the several socket members 66 can be readily adjusted with respect to each other at the point C. After the socket members 66 and base units 62 are adjusted at a predetermined angle with respect to each other, they are welded together at the point C where the rounded portions 77 of these members converge.
  • the outer shelllike structure made up of structurals 7 is secured in place.
  • the frame elements 63 Prior to emplacing units 7, the frame elements 63 are secured together at their points of convergence, which in turn will coincide with alternate convergence points A on the outer shell-like structure made up of panels 7' and struts 12 in the manner indicated in FIGURES 8 and 11.
  • any suitable means may be employedfor securing elements 63 together. As indicated in FIGURE 11, these means may include a somewhat cup shaped annulus 82 provided with a central web 83 having a downwardly and outwardly inclined wall 84 which converges with an inwardly and downwardly inclined outer wall 85.
  • the frame members 63 are welded directly to the outer wall 85 of the annulus 82.
  • the web 83 of annulus 82 is further provided with a central opening 86.
  • the outer shell-like structure 60 is affixed to the inner truss-like framework 61 in the following manner starting at the top of the framework.
  • a segment of the shelllike structure such as twelve structural building blocks or modules 7 secured together by means of the rosettes 20 and hub clusters 24, is hoisted into position over the inner framework 61 and secured thereto by being fastened to the various annuli 82, which will be located at alternate vertex points A on the outer shell-like structure 60.
  • each alternate rosette will come to rest upon a separate annulus 82.
  • openings 43 in the rosette 20 and 86 in the annulus are aligned and a bolt thrust therethrough, the segments of the outer shell-like structure will be anchored in place.
  • the segments of course will also be secured to each other where necessary, in the manner previously described in connection with the building set forth in my copending application, until the outer shell-like structure is completed and anchored to the ground in the manner previously described.
  • rosettes 20 are made in such a fashion that they may be provided with an annular reinforcing flange portion 88 and tapering reinforcing radial flange portions 89 on the spoke-like segments 42.
  • Flange portion 88 of rosette 2.0 advantageously rests on the outer wall 85 of an annulus 82.
  • the completed structure can be considered as two fully integrated or interconnected three-dimensional space trusses so disposed with respect to each other that loads will be efliciently transferred from one to another at alternate vertex points A, where the various groups of frame elements '63- and the sub-assemblies of tetrahedronal structural units 7 have common convergence points.
  • All of the components making up the novel structures of the instant invention may be advantageously made of light metals such as aluminum. In all cases, the structure will be exceptionally strong, easily fabricated and of light weight.
  • a building structure comprising in combination a shell-like structure fabricated from a plurality of tetrahedronal-like structural units, each of said units comprising a four-cornered shape, certain integral portions f each shape forming part of the covering for the shelllike structure and other integral portions of the shape forming part of the framing for the shell-like structure, each shape being bowed such that two corners thereof are displaced upwardly from the normal plane of rest of said shape, a strut member extending across said hape and connected at its ends to said upwardly displaced corners, said units being connected in a regular geometric pattern such that a load-transferring frame made up of a series of regular polygons is formed by said strut members; and a reinforcing spider-like involute framework interconnected with said shell-like structure, said framework including a plurality of frame elements, certain ones of which are arranged in the form of regular polygons which are disposed in spaced relationship to the polygons formed by the said strut members of said structural units, and
  • a building structure comprising in combination a shell-like structure fabricated from a plurality of tetrahedronal-like structural units so disposed with respect to each other as to form a three-dimensional space truss, each of said units comprising a four-cornered sheet metal panel, certain integral portions of each panel forming part of the covering for the shell-like structure and other integral portions of the panel forming part of the framing of the shell-like structure, each panel being bowed about an axis dividing said panel diagonally such that two opposing corners thereof are displaced upwardly from the normal plane of rest of the panel, a strut member extending across the panel and connected at its ends to said upwardly displaced corners, said strut member constituting a portion of a load-transferring frame for said shelllike structure, means anchoring contiguous panels to each other to form a fixed geometric pattern; and a reinforcing framework in the form of a three-dimensional space truss interconnected with said shell-like structure, said framework comprising a first series of
  • a building structure comprising in combination a shell-like structure fabricated from a plurality of tetrahedronal-like structural units so constructed and disposed with respect to each other as to form a three-dimensional space truss, each of said units comprising a four-cornered sheet, certain integral portions of each sheet forming part of the covering for the shell-like structure and other integral portions of the sheet forming part of the framing for the shell-like structure, each of said sheets being bowed about an axis coinciding with a diagonal center line of the sheet such that two opposing corners thereof are displaced upwardly from the normal plane of rest of the sheet, a strut member extending across thesheet and connected at its ends to said upwardly displaced corners, said strut member constituting a portion of a load-transferring frame for said shell-like structure, means anchoring contiguous panels together in a fixed geometrical pattern; and a spider-like involute three-dimensional space truss framework interconnected with said shell-like structure, said framework comprising a
  • a spherical building structure comprising in combination a shell-like structure fabricated from a plurality of tetrahedronal-like structural units so constructed and disposed with respect to each other as to form a threedimensional space truss, each of said units comprising a four-cornered sheet, certain integral portions of each sheet forming part of the covering for the shell-like structure and other integral portions of the sheet forming part of the framing for the shell-like structure, each of said sheets, being bowed on an axis coinciding with a diagonal center line of the sheet such that two opposing corners thereof are displaced upwardly from the normal plane of rest of the sheet, a strut extending across the sheet and connected at its ends to said upwardly displaced corners, said strut comprising a portion of a load-transferring frame for said shell-like structure, means anchoring contiguous sheets together in a fixed geometrical pattern such that the struts form regular polygons; and a reinforcing three-dimensional involute space truss
  • a building structure comprising in combination a shell-like structure assembled from a plurality of tetrahedronal-like structural units so constructed and disposed with respect to e ch other as to form a three-dimensional space truss, each of said units comprising a four-cornered diamond shaped sheet, said sheet being bowed about an axis coinciding with the long diagonal center line of the said sheet such that two opposing corners thereof are displaced upwardly from the normal plane of rest of said sheet, a strut extending across the sheet and connected at its ends to said upwardly displaced corners, said strut comprising a portion of a load-transferring frame for said shell-like structure, means reinforcing the margins of said sheet intermediate the corners thereof, means anchoring contiguous sheets together in a fixed geometrical pattern, the contiguous reinforced margins of any two contiguous panels combining to form a structural frame element aligned with the strut of another unit in the said three-dimensional space truss, the diagonal center line of each sheet which constitute

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
US794564A 1959-02-20 1959-02-20 Building structure Expired - Lifetime US3063519A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB25423/57A GB836466A (en) 1959-02-20 1957-08-12 Improvements in or relating to structural units
DEK32783A DE1116371B (de) 1959-02-20 1957-08-23 Duenne, verformte und verstrebte, selbsttragende Bauplatte und aus derartigen Platten zusammengesetztes Bauteil
CH360794D CH360794A (de) 1959-02-20 1957-08-30 Formbeständige Bauplatte
FR1184932D FR1184932A (fr) 1959-02-20 1957-10-21 Ensemble de construction
BE561898D BE561898A (es) 1959-02-20 1957-10-24
US794564A US3063519A (en) 1959-02-20 1959-02-20 Building structure
GB5342/60A GB924868A (en) 1959-02-20 1960-02-15 Improvements in or relating to building structures
FR819118A FR77191E (fr) 1959-02-20 1960-02-20 Ensemble de construction

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US794564A US3063519A (en) 1959-02-20 1959-02-20 Building structure

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US3063519A true US3063519A (en) 1962-11-13

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US794564A Expired - Lifetime US3063519A (en) 1959-02-20 1959-02-20 Building structure

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US (1) US3063519A (es)
BE (1) BE561898A (es)
CH (1) CH360794A (es)
DE (1) DE1116371B (es)
FR (2) FR1184932A (es)
GB (2) GB836466A (es)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3192668A (en) * 1961-03-13 1965-07-06 Donald L Grieb Dome building construction
US3308972A (en) * 1964-10-12 1967-03-14 Hewitt Robins Load supporting system
US3333375A (en) * 1964-10-08 1967-08-01 Western Electric Co Frame for supporting a dome shaped building
US3341989A (en) * 1963-05-02 1967-09-19 Emmerich David Georges Construction of stereometric domes
US3461635A (en) * 1967-04-26 1969-08-19 Loval Corp Building wall sections approximating a predetermined curvature and method of making the same
US3530621A (en) * 1968-10-31 1970-09-29 John D Rutzebeck Geodesic domes
US3889433A (en) * 1974-07-05 1975-06-17 Jr Joseph P Eubank Structural frame
US4611442A (en) * 1985-05-03 1986-09-16 Temcor Large span dome
US4685257A (en) * 1985-05-10 1987-08-11 Temcor Shelter roof structure
US4711063A (en) * 1985-05-03 1987-12-08 Temcor Large span dome
US4867395A (en) * 1986-05-01 1989-09-19 Spacehab, Inc. Flat end cap module for space transportation systems
WO1995007392A1 (en) * 1993-09-09 1995-03-16 Temcor Space truss dome
US6887009B1 (en) 2002-10-01 2005-05-03 Conservatek Industries, Inc. Cylindrical joint and reticulated frame structure
US6931812B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2005-08-23 Stephen Leon Lipscomb Web structure and method for making the same
CN103015526A (zh) * 2012-12-26 2013-04-03 浙江大学 正三角形组合面同单元空间桁架结构

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US3203144A (en) * 1960-05-27 1965-08-31 Fuller Richard Buckminster Laminar geodesic dome
US3144103A (en) * 1960-06-20 1964-08-11 Jr Theodore H Krueger Arched structure
IL34025A (en) * 1970-03-08 1971-04-28 Peret Co Collapsible reticular structures
DE3307981A1 (de) * 1983-03-07 1984-09-13 Manfred 8702 Margetshöchheim Radtke Dreipunkt-gelagerte platte
GB2148971A (en) * 1983-09-30 1985-06-05 Arthur Keith Piper Polygonal components for domes
FR2577593A1 (fr) * 1985-02-14 1986-08-22 Druesne Rene Piece dite de rencontre pour donner l'ecartement et la pente automatique aux profiles de support de toit
GB2178776B (en) * 1985-08-07 1989-08-23 Mah Const & Eng Pty Ltd Silo construction system
DE3815315A1 (de) * 1988-05-05 1989-11-16 Mahle Gmbh Platte fuer einen aufgestaenderten boden
GB2232695A (en) * 1989-06-07 1990-12-19 Manoucher Kashani Geodesic structure
DE19614918A1 (de) * 1996-04-16 1997-10-30 Gerhard Traeger Pavillons/Wanderhütten in Kuppelform aus Systemelementen
GB2336862B (en) * 1997-04-10 2001-08-29 Secr Defence Modular support structures incorporating joints
DE102007012690A1 (de) 2007-03-16 2008-09-18 Kanstinger, Christine, Dipl.-Ing. Räumliches Flächentragwerk, zusammengesetzt aus einzelnen Plattenelementen
CN111622352B (zh) * 2020-04-21 2021-11-09 上海二十冶建设有限公司 一种空间双曲面漏斗形单层网壳结构的安装方法
CN113047503A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-06-29 浙江东南网架股份有限公司 分叉柱和曲面网格一体化的钢结构屋盖及其安装方法
USD968646S1 (en) 2021-07-21 2022-11-01 Msg Entertainment Group, Llc Building
CN113756501B (zh) * 2021-09-30 2022-03-15 北京建工集团有限责任公司 一种悬挑铝合金屋盖的施工方法

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US2505343A (en) * 1945-05-21 1950-04-25 John D Yeck Sheet metal building
US2709975A (en) * 1951-04-14 1955-06-07 Parker Brooks O'c Truss structure and supporting column
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Cited By (16)

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US3192668A (en) * 1961-03-13 1965-07-06 Donald L Grieb Dome building construction
US3341989A (en) * 1963-05-02 1967-09-19 Emmerich David Georges Construction of stereometric domes
US3333375A (en) * 1964-10-08 1967-08-01 Western Electric Co Frame for supporting a dome shaped building
US3308972A (en) * 1964-10-12 1967-03-14 Hewitt Robins Load supporting system
US3461635A (en) * 1967-04-26 1969-08-19 Loval Corp Building wall sections approximating a predetermined curvature and method of making the same
US3530621A (en) * 1968-10-31 1970-09-29 John D Rutzebeck Geodesic domes
US3889433A (en) * 1974-07-05 1975-06-17 Jr Joseph P Eubank Structural frame
US4711063A (en) * 1985-05-03 1987-12-08 Temcor Large span dome
US4611442A (en) * 1985-05-03 1986-09-16 Temcor Large span dome
US4685257A (en) * 1985-05-10 1987-08-11 Temcor Shelter roof structure
US4867395A (en) * 1986-05-01 1989-09-19 Spacehab, Inc. Flat end cap module for space transportation systems
WO1995007392A1 (en) * 1993-09-09 1995-03-16 Temcor Space truss dome
US5704169A (en) * 1993-09-09 1998-01-06 Temcor Space truss dome
US6931812B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2005-08-23 Stephen Leon Lipscomb Web structure and method for making the same
US6887009B1 (en) 2002-10-01 2005-05-03 Conservatek Industries, Inc. Cylindrical joint and reticulated frame structure
CN103015526A (zh) * 2012-12-26 2013-04-03 浙江大学 正三角形组合面同单元空间桁架结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE561898A (es) 1957-11-14
CH360794A (de) 1962-03-15
FR77191E (fr) 1962-01-27
GB924868A (en) 1963-05-01
FR1184932A (fr) 1959-07-28
GB836466A (en) 1960-06-01
DE1116371B (de) 1961-11-02

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