US3052618A - Apparatus for automatic regulation, during working, of the distance between the electrodes of electrolytic cells having a movable mercury cathode - Google Patents

Apparatus for automatic regulation, during working, of the distance between the electrodes of electrolytic cells having a movable mercury cathode Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3052618A
US3052618A US713940A US71394058A US3052618A US 3052618 A US3052618 A US 3052618A US 713940 A US713940 A US 713940A US 71394058 A US71394058 A US 71394058A US 3052618 A US3052618 A US 3052618A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
contactor
motor
cell
anodes
pincers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US713940A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Deprez Charles
Bulte Rene
Crabbe Rene
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Solvay SA
Original Assignee
Solvay SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Solvay SA filed Critical Solvay SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3052618A publication Critical patent/US3052618A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/04—Regulation of the inter-electrode distance

Definitions

  • the first regulation is eiiected in the state of rest when the anodes are renewed, and during operation the wear of the anodes is periodically compensated for by the rotation of the supporting rods which causes the anodes to descend a distance controlled by the voltage, read from a voltmeter, existing between the anodes and the moving cathode.
  • the supports constitute a permanent obstacle to the uniform circulation of the mercury and may constitute barriers opposing the carrying away by the mercury of impurities or solid residues which may form permanent local short-circuits detrimental to the good operating of the cell; on the other hand, the wear is less rapid at the point of contact between the supports and the anode than elsewhere and the distance between the electrodes is diflicult to estimate.
  • the invention relates to a process for regulating during operation the distance between the electrodes of electrolytic cells having a moving mercury cathode and to an automatic device enabling all of the anodes to be regulated within a minimum of time thus obtaining a precise regulation independent of any human factor of estimation.
  • the device for automatically carrying out the process according to the invention comprises a combination of two carriages the first of which runs on a runway parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cell, the second running at right angles to the first.
  • the second carriage is fitted with pincers having several catches arranged concentrically to the support of the anode to be displaced which is movable in a vertical direction, the movements of the carriage and of the pincers being electrically controlled according to a pre-established plan from a control station situated at any point of the electrolytic plant or at one end of the cell or .even on one of the two carriages.
  • FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates a de vice for carrying out the process according to the invention
  • FIG. 1a is a similar view of the device seen in FIG. 1 but showing only the lower half of FIG. 1 and illustrating the cells and anodes with which the device can be associated;
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of the fastening system of the device to the lid of the electrolytic cell
  • FIG. 3 diagrammatically illustrates the various connections existing between the various members ensuring the automatic operation of the device
  • FIG. 4 diagrammatically illustrates the supply circuits of all the operating members of the device
  • FIG. 5 diagrammatically illustrates an electrolytic plant in plan view, the arrows indicating the direction in which the regulation is effected;
  • FIG. 6 shows a modification of the contact plug in the form of a contactor.
  • the device according to the invention is fitted with a series of relays and contactors ensuring its automatic operation. It is known that a contactor may simultaneously ensure the opening and the closing of difieren-t circuits thus permitting several simultaneous possibilities.
  • FIGURES 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings numbers which are placed in brackets after the reference number of the contactor in question. Moreover, some contactors are open in the state of rest, while others are closed. In order to indicate this difference, the symbols 0 and c are used to indicate open and closed, respectively.
  • the contactor 111(1)c denotes that the contactor 111, circuit 1, is closed in the position of rest, that is to say open when it is mechanically actuated
  • the contactor 111(2)o denotes the contactor 111, circuit 2 is open in the position of rest, that is to say closed when it is mechanically actuated.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 comprises in outline a large carriage C allowing the longitudinal displacement of the device, a small carriage R moving transversely and carrying the pincers, the system for fastening the pincers to the tubular piece P fixed on the lid of the electrolytic cell and the system for opening and closing the pincers on the rod supporting the anode. Finally, the assembly of the device is fitted with various control and regula tion systems.
  • the large carriage is composed of a chassis C supported by two axles (not shown) on which two rollers (not shown) are arranged.
  • One axle is driven by the motor 1 fitted with a speed reducer.
  • the starting of the motor 1 is controlled by means of the contactor 1010.
  • the lateral traverses of the chassis comprise fingers 2 actuated by electromagnets 3; these fingers fix the cartriage in a predetermined position by engaging with stopping notches 4.
  • the fingers 2 are raised by the feeding of the electro-magnets 3 which is determined by means of the contactors 102(2)0, 103(1)0, 104(1)0, 105(2)c, 106(3))0, 107(1)c, 107(2)c, the relays 201 and 220(2), the latter being timed to one second delay, viz.
  • One of the traverses carries shoes '50 and 51 whose purpose will be explained below.
  • the motor 5 is fixed on one of the traverses, fitted with a speed reducer and actuating the double contact plug 6 which engages with the double current supply 70 each of whose sockets is connected at a dilferent point with the current path, that is to say connected with a difierent point of the copper bar CU serving for the circulation of the current from the sole of the electrolytic cell to the anodes of the immediately adjacent cell.
  • This contact plug verifies the amperage existing in the cell when the anode An contacts the cathode Hg, above which is formed the electrolyte Sa and below which is the sole So of the cell.
  • the contact plug 6 is subject to corrosion.
  • a contactor is therefore preferably used as shown in FIG. 6.
  • This contactor is completely enclosed in a sealed casing 400; instead of the contact plug 6, the axle controlled by the motor 5 is fitted with a finger 401 which engages the movable piece 402 of the contactor.
  • This movable piece when descending, ensures the closing of the circuits 403 and 404 connected with different points of the copper bar 406 which ensures the circulation of the current from the sole S of the electrolytic cell CLLII to the anodes An of the adjacent cell CLLI.
  • the movable piece 402 is fitted with a return spring 405.
  • the motor is actuated by means of the contactors 106(4)0, 108(1)0, 108(2)0, 109(4)0, (timed to one second), 110(2)0, 110(3)o, 110(4)c, the relays 202, 203, 204, 205 (timed to one second) and the push button 301(1)0 (timed to one second).
  • the small carriage R also comprises two axles E fitted with rollers G. One of these axles is driven by the motor 7 fitted with a speed reducer and actuated by means of the contactors- 106(2)0, 111(2)o, 116(1)o, 116(2)c, 116(3)c and the relays 206 and 218.
  • the device for fastening the small carriage to the large carriage comprises the finger 8 actuated by the electromagnet 9 and permits the immobilization of the small carriage due to the stopping notches 10 provided on the transverse side members A.
  • the small carriage is fitted with a chassis C comprising four elastic supports 11 to which the pincers and the various systems of regulation and control are fastened; the assembly supported by the elastic supports 11 is thus rendered independent of the carriages during the control operations.
  • the pincers consist of several parts which may be operated simultaneously or separately by any automatic or non-automatic electric device. This entire assembly is enclosed in the casings C and 0.; which are tight and resistant to corrosive liquids.
  • the system of fastening the device to the tubular piece P surrounding the supporting rod of the anode and fastened to the lid of the electrolytic cell comprises the motor 12; fitted with a speed reducer and a frictional coupling F
  • the motor 12 is actuated by means of the contactors 103(2)o, 103(3)0, 109(1)0 (timed to one second), 110(1)0, 112(1)c, 112(2)c, 113(2)0, 113(3)c and the relays 209, 210(2) (timed to one second), 211 and 212.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view of the rack 14: it is made of two branches arranged at right angles.
  • the pinion 13 engages the rack disposed on the horizontal branch thus causing the securing tube to turn and fastening it, by means of the bayonet notches 16, to the projection of the tubular piece P.
  • the rod supporting the anode should be arranged in the lid of the electrolytic cell in such a manner that the cell will be perfectly tight. To this effect, an adequate device will be used such as has been described, for example, in Belgian Patent No. 457,712.
  • the pincers proper comprise the catches 18 joined to the integral axles 19 of the support 2 0.
  • the lower end of each catch is intended to engage the groove 21 cut into the rod supporting the anode An.
  • the upper part of each catch is fitted with a head 22 engaged by the female cone 23 and the male cone 214.
  • the cones 23 and 24 are hooked to a projection 26 by means of a small hooked rod 25.
  • the small rod 25 is fitted with a spring (not shown) which tends to hold it fast to the support 20 and is movable around the axle 42.
  • a notch is provided in the support 20 for passing the hook of the small rod 25
  • the push button carried by the piece 43 which is capable of sliding in the support 20' and fitted with a return spring 44, is in contact with the rod supporting the anode.
  • the piece 43 carries a lever 25' arranged in a groove of the support 20 and fitted with a spring 45 which tends to keep it against the wall of the'support 20; this lever is displaced upwards as soon as the push button is put in contact with the rod supporting the anode and it engages the heel of the small rod 25 which is then freed from the projection 26.
  • the cone 24 engages the springs 29*, the relaxation of which causes the cones 23 and 2.4 to descend thus causing the catches to be closed.
  • the operating mechanism of the pincers comprises the motor 34 controlled by means of the contactors 102(2) 0, 109(5)0 (timed to one second), 110-(1)0, 115(1):), the relays 210(1) (timed to one second), 216, 217 and 219.
  • the motor 34 ensures the descent and the ascent of the pincers by means of trains of reduction gears 36 and 37, the friction coupling 38 and the endless screw 35 at which the support 20 is suspended.
  • the verification of the rising distance of the pincers is effected by the synchro circuit interrupter 4 1 having a controllable course which is set in motion by means of an endless screw 40 which engages the endless screw 35.
  • the controllable interrupter synchro 41 completes one rotation of 360 for a vertical movement of the pincers of 100 millimetres.
  • a safety device reversing the rotation of the motor 34 is provided by the two generator dynamos 39 actuated by means of the gear trains 36 and 37 and by the gear wheels D.
  • the restitution mechanism of the cones 2 3 and 24 comprises the motor 36 fitted with a friction coupling F which actuates a tubular gear Wheel 31 the lower end of which is threaded and fitted with a nut 32, with which the rods 33 engage, to raise the cones 23 and 2d.
  • the motor 30 is actuated by means of the contactors 109(2) 0, 109(3)0 (both timed to one second), 114(1)0, 114(2)0, the relays 213, 214, 215' and the controllable interrupter synchro 41.
  • Finger 2 113 1.10'(1)0, (2)0, (3)0 and (4)0;
  • finger 8 113(1)0, (2)0'and (3)0; 116(1)0, (2)0 and Contact plug 6: Hid-(1)0, (2)0and (3)0; 108(1)0 and Fastening tube 103 1 2 0 and 3 0; 112 1 and (2) 0;
  • the end 18 of the catches actuates a contactor (not shown) which has the effect of diminishing the speed of rotation of the motor 34- which rotates fairly slowly when the catches are closed over the rod supporting the anode;
  • the not 32 the contactor, timed to one second, 109(1)0, (2)0, (3)0, (4)0 and (5)0 and the contactor 114(1)0 and (2)0;
  • the contactor 115'(1)0 and (2)0 is actuated by mechanisms described below.
  • FIG. 5 shows a diagrammatic plan view of an electrolytic plant.
  • the device has just effected the control of the cell CLL 1 and is in the position of end of contro indicated by PR that is to say the small carriage R has started from a starting point PD and has consecutively stopped level with the anodes a a a a 032, and has then moved up to the point end of control FR
  • the device is then displaced according to the dotted arrow PR by a rolling bridge and is now situated in the axis of the first series of anodes b b b and 0 of the cell CLLII.
  • the large carriage is connected to an alternative current source of 110-115 volts and fastened by means of the fingers 2 which engage with the notches 4 shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic plan view of an electrolytic plant.
  • the pincers are in the upper position and actuate the contactor 1020 (both circuits being closed).
  • the contactor 1150 is not actuated (both circuits being open).
  • the large carriage being bolted, the fingers 2 are in the notches 4 and no longer actuate 1010 (open circuit), but actuate the contactor 110 (circuits (1), (2) and (3) closed-circuit (4) open).
  • the large carriage In the locked position the large carriage cannot actuate the contactor 105 (both circuits closed); on the other hand, it actuates the contactor 1070 (both circuits open).
  • the nut 32 is in the low position on the threaded part of the tubular gear wheel 31 and actuates the contactor 1140 (both circuits closed), whereas the contactor 10% is free (the five circuits being open).
  • the fastening tube 15 in the high position actuates the contactor 1030 (the three circuits being closed).
  • the contact plug When the contact plug arrives at the end of the course, it actuates the contactor 11180 which closes; the closing of the circuit (1) of this contactor leads to the end of the supply of the motor 5, since the relay 2% is disconnected, whereas the closing of the circuit (2) causes the application of voltage to the relays 202 and 2413, the latter preparing the re-ascending movement of the contact plug 6 by reversing the direction of rotation of the motor 5.
  • Electromagnet 9 and motor 7 The closing of the push-button 3tl1(2) timed to one second, determines the application of voltage to the electromagnet 9 and the relays 2117 and 268; the finger 8 is lifted and actuates the contactor 116 whose circuit (1) closes, while the circuits (2) and (3) open: the motor 7 is placed under tension, the small carriage R moves and thereby no longer actuates the contactor 117a which closes; the electromagnet 9 remains under voltage when 301(2) is re-opened on account of the fact that 207 remains under voltage. Due to its displacement, the small carriage no longer actuates the contactor 1116 (circuit (1) closed, circuits (2), (3), (4) and (5) open).
  • the shoe 50 fixed at the end of the transverse side member A raises the contactor 111 (circuit (1) open and circuit (2) closed).
  • the contactor 117 is actuated and opens.
  • the electromagnet 9 is thus no longer fed, the finger 8 falls back and ceases to actuate 116: the circuit (11) is thus open, the motor 7 is no longer fed, whereas the circuits (2) and (3) of the contactor 116 are closed (applying the voltage to the relays 206 and 218), the latter preparing the reversal of the direction of rotation of the motor 7.
  • the small carriage continues its course and the finger 8 is blocked in the notch 19 whereby the contactor 113 (circuits (1) and (2) closed and circuit (3) open) is actuated.
  • the pincers and the casings C and C are independent of the small carriage R on account of the elastic supports 11 thus permitting freeing movements of the pincers and the casings. Due to the rack 14 having the shape of a cross-piece, the projections of the tubular pincers P engage with the bayonet notches 16 when the tube 15 descends, then by rotation of the tube 15 (horizontal branch Y of the rack 14-) the whole is fastened to the tubular piece P. At this instant the tube 15 actuates the contactor 1120.
  • the cones 23 and 24- are then immediately driven out by the relaxation of the springs 29; the cone 24 separates the heads 22 and the catches 18 close over the groove 21 cut in the supporting rod of the anode.
  • the descending movement of the cones 23 and 24 and the closing movement of the catches causes the closing of a contactor (not shown) and this has the effect of reducing the rotation speed of the motor 34 from 3000 rpm. to 1000 r.p.m., the anode thus slowly descending towards the moving cathode.
  • the heel of the small rod now strikes the lateral part of the lever 28.
  • the anode to be controlled approaches the moving mercury cathode and the re-ascending movement of the pincers, in order to carry out the process according to the invention, is efiected by reversing the direction of rotation of the motor 34.
  • the reversal of the direction of rotation of the motor 34 is carried out by closing the contactor 1150 which is actuated indifiterently by one of the three following mechanisms If the amperage verified by the contact plug 6 reaches a given value as a function of the voltage existing in the cell;
  • the friction coupling 38 slips.
  • the latter system is a safety device. If for any reason the two preceding mechanisms have not worked, the pincers continue to descend and the anode rests on the sole of the cell which represents a certain mechanical effort.
  • the friction coupling 38 is set in such a manner as to slide, beyond a certain tolerated effort. Below this tolerated effort it does not slide and the two generating dynamos 39 which rotate at the same speed as the motor 34 supply the same amount of current, and the difierence of potential between the two generators arranged opposite one another is nil.
  • the stopping of the motor 34 causes the application of voltage to the motor 30 which actuates the tubular gear wheel 31.
  • the nut 32 arranged in the low position on the threaded part of the tubular gear wheel, ascends and lifts the cones 23 and 24 by means of the rods 33 whose heads are fitted with an enlargement having the purpose of rigidly fixing them to the nut 32 from a predetermined position; the small rod 25 hooks to the projection 26 and the catches 18 of the pincers spread open: this has the effect of freeing the contactor which determines the slow speed of the motor 34.
  • the nut 32 actuates the contactor 1140 thus closing the circuits (1) and (2): the relays 213, 214- and 215 are no longer under voltage, the supply of the motor 30 is interrupted and, at the same time the direction of rotation is reversed, since 215 is no longer under voltage.
  • the closing of the circuit (4) of the contactor 106 and of the circuit (4) of the contactor 109 places the motor 5 under voltage: the contact plug 6 re-ascends, freeing the contactor 1080, the relays 202 and 203 which are under voltage enable the motor 5 to rotate in the direction corresponding to the ascent of the contact plug 6; the relay 204 is placed under voltage and thus allows the continuous supply of the motor 5 once the contactor 109(4) is re-opened.
  • the contact plug 6 actuates the contactor 1040: the circuits (2) and (3) being closed, the relays 202, 203 and 204 are no longer supplied and the motor 5 stops while the reversal of the direction of rotation is prepared (203 out of circuit).
  • Electromagnet 3 the relay 220(2) being closed, the closing of the contactor 102(2) permits the supply of the electromagnet 3, since the contactor 106 is still actuated by the small carriage R (see (7)).
  • the relay 201 is placed under voltage thus ensuring the continuous supply of the electromagnet 9 when the relay 220(2) is opened and the contactor 106 is no longer actuated by the small carriage R which moves simultaneously with the large carriage.
  • the finger 2 is lifted and actuates the contactor 1010, thus applying voltage to the motor 1: the large carriage moves and the contactor 107 thus no longer being actuated, is reclosed and ensures the continuous supply to the electromagnet 9 when 220(2) is re-opened.
  • the finger 2 Having arrived in the vicinity of the following series of anodes, the finger 2 approaches the stopping notch 4 having the shape of a shoe. This part of the notch is such as momentarily to actuate the contactor 10 7c. It is re-opened and thus interrupts the supply of the electromagnet 3. The finger 2 falls back and ceases to actuate 1010, the motor stops. As soon as the finger 2 has engaged with the notch 4, the large carriage is locked. The contactor is actuated (circuits (1), (2) and (3) closedcircuit (4) open) as soon as the finger 2 engages with the notch 4.
  • the large carriage C actuates the contactor 1056 which opens.
  • the opening of the contactor causes the complete stopping of the apparatus, when, after having controlled the last anode, the small carriage R moves to the position end of control FR
  • Various safety devices are thus provided: the motor 1 (large carriage) cannot be set in motion (by means of the electromagnet 3) if the contact plug 6 and the fastening tube 15 are not raised.
  • the motor 7 (small carriage) can operate only if the tube 15 is in the high position.
  • the motor 5 can be supplied only if the fingers 2 are engaged with the notches 4 ensuring the locking of the large carriage.
  • the motors 34, 12 and 30 can lbe supplied only if the large carriage is locked (fingers 2 in the notches 4-) and also the small carriage (finger 8 in notch 10). It has been seen that the motors 1 and 7 ensuring the displacement of the large carriage and the small carriage respectively can be put under voltage only if the fingers 2 and 8 are lifted. In order to provide this safety device, it is possible to use for example a magnetic coupling for connecting the rollers to the axles, the electromagnet being placed under voltage when the fingers 2 and 8 are lifted.
  • the device is not limited to the control operations described above. It may also, by using suitable contactors and appropriate relays, effect for example the following operations- Lift and lower all anodes a similar amount without previously placing the electrodes in contact;
  • Control the anode a then lower the following anodes 11 a a a 11 the same amount as a ycontrol in, then b b b 12 and so forth.
  • the dew'ce permits one to estimate the wear f the graphite anodes: it is suflicient to arrange a secure mark on the pincers, which passes before a scale during the vertical movement of the pincers, the distances of descent of the pincers during the consecutive controls giving the extent of the wear of the anodes.
  • Apparatus for the automatic controlled regulation of the distance between the graphite anodes and the mobile mercury cathode of an electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions said anodes having supporting rods and said cell having a sole supporting said mercury cathode with said sole being connected in series with the anodes of an adjacent cell by a copper bar to provide fiow of current between the sole of said cell and the anodes of the adjacent cell, said apparatus comprising first rails disposed on each side of said cell in parallel relationship with the longitudinal axis of the cell, a first carriage adapted to move along said rails above said supporting rods and comprising a chassis made of crosspieces defining second rails, and a second carriage received by said second rails, said second carriage being provided with pincers having a plurality of catches, said pincers being movable in the vertical direction and being adapted to seize said rods supporting the anodes, the movements of the first and second carriages and of the pincers being controlled by motors provided with brakes and
  • rollers are connected to said axles by means of a magnetic clutch, said rollers being connected when the fastening fingers of the first carriage are lifted.
  • said second carriage comprises a chassis supporting said pincers for seizing the supporting rods of the anodes and said chassis further supporting means for controlling the gripping and releasing movement of said pincers, the assembly of pincers and of said control means being contained in casings.
  • each anode rod is surrounded by a tubular member provided with projections and wherein said chassis of the second carriage is fitted with a fastening tube actuated by means of a rack having the shape of a cross-piece, said fastening tube being provided with bayonet notches adapted to engage said projections in the tubular member.
  • a system for opening and re-arming the catches is attached to said pincers, said system comprising a hollow tubular gear wheel having a threaded lower part, a nut arranged on said threaded part, and rods which engage with the nut and are connected with a conical cam, and a reversible motor to actuate said tubular gear wheel.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
US713940A 1957-02-09 1958-02-07 Apparatus for automatic regulation, during working, of the distance between the electrodes of electrolytic cells having a movable mercury cathode Expired - Lifetime US3052618A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE554895 1957-02-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3052618A true US3052618A (en) 1962-09-04

Family

ID=3844999

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US713940A Expired - Lifetime US3052618A (en) 1957-02-09 1958-02-07 Apparatus for automatic regulation, during working, of the distance between the electrodes of electrolytic cells having a movable mercury cathode
US588672A Expired - Lifetime US3361654A (en) 1957-02-09 1966-10-19 Method for automatic regulation of the distance between electrodes in electrolytic cells for a mobile cathode

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US588672A Expired - Lifetime US3361654A (en) 1957-02-09 1966-10-19 Method for automatic regulation of the distance between electrodes in electrolytic cells for a mobile cathode

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US3052618A (es)
BE (1) BE554895A (es)
CH (1) CH357058A (es)
DE (1) DE1065819B (es)
FR (1) FR1202149A (es)
GB (1) GB853360A (es)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3390070A (en) * 1965-02-19 1968-06-25 Olin Mathieson Electrode adjustments means for mercury cathode electrolytic cells
US3396095A (en) * 1964-01-24 1968-08-06 Solvay Method and apparatus for the continuous regulation of the distance between the electrodes of electrolytic cells with liquid mecury cathodes
US3464903A (en) * 1964-08-12 1969-09-02 Ici Ltd Method of adjusting individual anodes in a mercury cathode cell
US3480528A (en) * 1964-10-19 1969-11-25 Solvay Process for the adjustment of the distance between the electrodes of operating electrolysis cells
US3531392A (en) * 1965-11-11 1970-09-29 Knapsack Ag Arrangement for measuring the current intensity at the single electrodes of electrolytic cells

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE620328A (es) * 1961-07-17
BE662457A (es) * 1964-04-14
DE1280227B (de) * 1965-04-17 1968-10-17 Bayer Ag Chloralkalielektrolysezelle
DE1567948B1 (de) * 1965-10-12 1970-08-06 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zum Einstellen des Elektrodenabstandes in Elektrolysezellen mit fliessender Quecksilberkathode fuer die Alkalielektrolyse
US3476660A (en) * 1966-03-23 1969-11-04 Ici Ltd Method of sequentially adjusting the anodes in a mercury-cathode cell
US4004989A (en) * 1974-04-18 1977-01-25 Olin Corporation Method for automatic adjustment of anodes based upon current density and current
GB8521128D0 (en) * 1985-08-23 1985-10-02 Alcan Int Ltd Controlling anode movement in aluminium cell
US6197178B1 (en) * 1999-04-02 2001-03-06 Microplasmic Corporation Method for forming ceramic coatings by micro-arc oxidation of reactive metals

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1396919A (en) * 1919-11-20 1921-11-15 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Automatic operation of electrolytic cells
DE470517C (de) * 1927-03-29 1929-01-18 Riedel & Co Vorrichtung zur vertikalen Hebung und Senkung der in Schnellgalvanisierungsbaedern gebraeuchlichen, die Ware tragenden Drehgestelle
US2098813A (en) * 1936-11-24 1937-11-09 Gen Electric Heat treating apparatus
US2203062A (en) * 1937-03-27 1940-06-04 Continental Steel Corp Apparatus for electroplating wire or the like
US2316685A (en) * 1939-10-09 1943-04-13 Mathieson Alkali Works Inc Operation of mercury cells
US2347608A (en) * 1941-03-08 1944-04-25 Pittsburgh Plate Giass Company Copperplating of mirrors
US2421209A (en) * 1942-01-30 1947-05-27 American Smelting Refining Electrolytic refining of metals
US2542523A (en) * 1941-08-27 1951-02-20 Ici Ltd Electrolysis of aqueous salt solutions in liquid cathode cells
FR1070329A (fr) * 1953-02-04 1954-07-22 Elektrokemisk As Dispositif de manoeuvre des tiges de contact verticales pour électrodes soderberg dans cuves pour fabrication électrolytique d'aluminium
US2784157A (en) * 1954-01-07 1957-03-05 Solvay Device for adjusting the distance between the electrodes of an electrolytic cell of the mercury cathode type
US2786023A (en) * 1954-04-29 1957-03-19 Solvay Horizontal electrolytic cells for the electrolysis of solutions
US2816861A (en) * 1952-02-26 1957-12-17 Elektrokemisk As Arrangement for suspension of electrodes
US2819802A (en) * 1952-05-06 1958-01-14 William A Hart Apparatus for and method of operating soaking pit furnace covers

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2328665A (en) * 1939-10-27 1943-09-07 Mathieson Alkali Works Inc Electrolytic cell
US2731412A (en) * 1945-12-29 1956-01-17 Ferrand Louis Fused salt electrolytic cells
US3275538A (en) * 1960-09-20 1966-09-27 Gen Motors Corp Electrochemical machining method and apparatus

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1396919A (en) * 1919-11-20 1921-11-15 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Automatic operation of electrolytic cells
DE470517C (de) * 1927-03-29 1929-01-18 Riedel & Co Vorrichtung zur vertikalen Hebung und Senkung der in Schnellgalvanisierungsbaedern gebraeuchlichen, die Ware tragenden Drehgestelle
US2098813A (en) * 1936-11-24 1937-11-09 Gen Electric Heat treating apparatus
US2203062A (en) * 1937-03-27 1940-06-04 Continental Steel Corp Apparatus for electroplating wire or the like
US2316685A (en) * 1939-10-09 1943-04-13 Mathieson Alkali Works Inc Operation of mercury cells
US2347608A (en) * 1941-03-08 1944-04-25 Pittsburgh Plate Giass Company Copperplating of mirrors
US2542523A (en) * 1941-08-27 1951-02-20 Ici Ltd Electrolysis of aqueous salt solutions in liquid cathode cells
US2421209A (en) * 1942-01-30 1947-05-27 American Smelting Refining Electrolytic refining of metals
US2816861A (en) * 1952-02-26 1957-12-17 Elektrokemisk As Arrangement for suspension of electrodes
US2819802A (en) * 1952-05-06 1958-01-14 William A Hart Apparatus for and method of operating soaking pit furnace covers
FR1070329A (fr) * 1953-02-04 1954-07-22 Elektrokemisk As Dispositif de manoeuvre des tiges de contact verticales pour électrodes soderberg dans cuves pour fabrication électrolytique d'aluminium
US2784157A (en) * 1954-01-07 1957-03-05 Solvay Device for adjusting the distance between the electrodes of an electrolytic cell of the mercury cathode type
US2786023A (en) * 1954-04-29 1957-03-19 Solvay Horizontal electrolytic cells for the electrolysis of solutions

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3396095A (en) * 1964-01-24 1968-08-06 Solvay Method and apparatus for the continuous regulation of the distance between the electrodes of electrolytic cells with liquid mecury cathodes
US3464903A (en) * 1964-08-12 1969-09-02 Ici Ltd Method of adjusting individual anodes in a mercury cathode cell
US3480528A (en) * 1964-10-19 1969-11-25 Solvay Process for the adjustment of the distance between the electrodes of operating electrolysis cells
US3390070A (en) * 1965-02-19 1968-06-25 Olin Mathieson Electrode adjustments means for mercury cathode electrolytic cells
US3531392A (en) * 1965-11-11 1970-09-29 Knapsack Ag Arrangement for measuring the current intensity at the single electrodes of electrolytic cells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3361654A (en) 1968-01-02
DE1065819B (de) 1959-09-24
FR1202149A (fr) 1960-01-07
BE554895A (es)
GB853360A (en) 1960-11-02
CH357058A (fr) 1961-09-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3052618A (en) Apparatus for automatic regulation, during working, of the distance between the electrodes of electrolytic cells having a movable mercury cathode
SU576035A3 (ru) Устройство дл подвода питающих кабелей к подвижному объекту
JPS56148102A (en) Control equipment of electric rolling stock
US2177982A (en) Barrel electroplating machine
CN107187647B (zh) 一种医药包装用快速型填充装置
US3500963A (en) Control system for elevators and the like
US2382194A (en) Conveying apparatus
US2958330A (en) Electro-processing or dipping apparatus
US2958639A (en) Automatic installation for use in an electrolytic process or the like
US679357A (en) Apparatus for treating metals by electrolysis.
US3152705A (en) Automatic equipment for conveying, raising and lowering of goods
US2985257A (en) Elevator for stairways
US3817846A (en) Control of anode spacing in alkali metal chloride electrolytic cells
US2784157A (en) Device for adjusting the distance between the electrodes of an electrolytic cell of the mercury cathode type
SU398685A1 (ru) Устройство для выгрузки катодов из электролитных ванн
US3009467A (en) Conveyor apparatus
CN109036890B (zh) 一种安全可靠的医疗用脚踏开关
US2928402A (en) Electroprocessing apparatus
SU487821A1 (ru) Устройство дл передачи напр жени на транспортируемые подвесным конвейером издели
SU433571A1 (ru) Конвейер для формирования электродов свинцовых аккумуляторов
US2786023A (en) Horizontal electrolytic cells for the electrolysis of solutions
DE432501C (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Gasen
US2941648A (en) Apparatus for taking up anodes
SU929740A2 (ru) Устройство дл промывки изделий
DE632157C (de) Elektrische, in Druckluftakkumulatoren angeordnete Sicherheitssteuerung mit offenen, den hoechstzulaessigen Wasserstand regelnden Schwimmern