US3037861A - Electrophotographic reproduction material - Google Patents

Electrophotographic reproduction material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3037861A
US3037861A US759406A US75940658A US3037861A US 3037861 A US3037861 A US 3037861A US 759406 A US759406 A US 759406A US 75940658 A US75940658 A US 75940658A US 3037861 A US3037861 A US 3037861A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
acid
paper
image
gms
solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US759406A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hoegl Helmut
Neugebauer Wilhelm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kalle GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Kalle GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kalle GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Kalle GmbH and Co KG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3037861A publication Critical patent/US3037861A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
    • G03G5/07—Polymeric photoconductive materials
    • G03G5/071—Polymeric photoconductive materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • G03G5/072—Polymeric photoconductive materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising pending monoamine groups
    • G03G5/073—Polymeric photoconductive materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising pending monoamine groups comprising pending carbazole groups
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S101/00—Printing
    • Y10S101/37—Printing employing electrostatic force

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photographic reproduction and more particularly to electrophotographic layers and electro-photographic processes, namely processes in which an electrostatic latent image is produced by utilizing the property of photoconduction (i.e. a variable conductivity dependent on the intensity of illumination).
  • the electrostatic latent image may be produced in a conventional exposure operation, for example by means of a lens-projected image or by contact-printing techniques, whereby a non-visible electrostatic charge pattern (the so-called electrostatic latent image) is created on a surface, in which pattern the charge density at any point is related to the intensity of illumination obtaining at that point during the exposure.
  • the latent image may be developedi.e. rendered visible-by means of an electroscopic powder, such as a colored. synthetic resin powder, and the resulting visible image may be fixed by rendering the powder permanently adherent to a support on which the image is desired, for example in suitable cases by heating to soften or melt the powder particles and/or the surface of the image support, or by application of an electric field, or with volatile solvents.
  • the electrostatic latent image is commonly formed on the surface of a photoconductive insulating layer carried on a support.
  • material comprising such support and photoconductive layer may be sensitized by applying a uniform surface charge to the free surface of the photoconductive layer, for example by means of a corona discharge, which charge is retained owing to the substantial insulating character, i.e. the low conductivity, of the layer in the dark.
  • the photoconductive property of the layer causes the conductivity to increase in the illuminated areas to an extent dependent on the intensity of illumination, whereby the surface charge in the illuminated areas leaks away, leaving the charge located in the unilluminated areas, thus constituting the aforementioned charge pattern or electrostatic latent image.
  • the electrostatic latent image can be developed (i.e. rendered visible) by means of an electroscopic powder which adheres to the charged areas, particularly if the powder carries a charge of opposite polarity to that of the charge on the photoconductive material.
  • an electroscopic powder which adheres to the charged areas, particularly if the powder carries a charge of opposite polarity to that of the charge on the photoconductive material.
  • Such opposite charge may be obtained by using the powder in admixture with a carrier such that the powder becomes suitably charged triboelectrically.
  • a suitable developer may consist of a toner, such as a pigmented resin, and a carrier such as glass beads, and the powder image produced may be rendered permanent (fixed) by for example softening such resin toner by heat so that it a jewet heres to a support carying the powder imagewhich may be the original photoconductive material, or a separate support to which the powder image can have been transferred.
  • the present invention contemplates the provision and use of photoconductive insulating substances which may, if desired, be used Without admixture with binding agents to produce photoconductive insulating layers on supports, and may furthermore be used in the form of self-supporting foils as electrophotographic materials.
  • the invention provides a method of electrophotographic reproduction, which comprises the formation of an electrostatic latent image on a photoconductive insulating layer carried on a support, or on a self-supporting photoconductive insulating foil, said layer or foil consisting of or comprising a poly-N-carbazole as a photoconductive substance.
  • a preferred method of carrying out the invention comprises the steps of applying an electrostatic charge to a surface of a photoconductive insulating layer comprising a poly-N-vinyl-carbazole carried on a support, or of a photoconductive insulating foil comprising a poly- N-vinyl-carbazole, exposing the charged surface so as to produce thereon an electrostatic latent image corresponding to a master, developing the electrostatic latent image by means of an electroscopic powder, and fixing the powder image on the surface of the photoconductive layer or foil or on a separate image-carrier after transference of the powder image thereto.
  • the invention further provides a material for use in electrophotographic processes, being capable of being rendered light sensitive by applying an electrostatic charge thereto, and comprising a paper or other support carrying a photoconductive insulating layer comprising a poly-N-vinyl-carbazole.
  • the layers are, in themselves, non-light-s ensitive, by applying a positive or negative electrostatic charge thereto, by means for example, of a corona discharge the layers are rendered light sensitive and can be used with long-wave UV. light of 3.600 to 4.200 A.U. in producing electrostatic latent images as described above. Very good images may be obtained by a short exposure under a master to a high-pressure mercury vapour lamp.
  • the layers when charged are but slightly sensitive to light in the visible spectrum, it has further been found that their spectral sensitivity can be extended into the visible part of the spectrum by the addition to the layers of sensitizers, preferably in the proportion 0.1 to 5 percent weight for weight of photoconductive substance.
  • the most suitable sensitizers are dyestufi com- Reference (Schultz' Dyestufl Group Dyestufi Compound Farbstoiftabellen,
  • Mineral acids such as hydrogen halides, sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid;
  • Organic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and the substitution products thereof, monochloro-acetic acid, di-
  • chloroacetic acid trichloroacetic acid, phenylacetic acid, and 6-methyl-coumarinylacetic acid (4); maleic acid; cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, l-(4-diethylamino-benzoyl)-benzene-2-carboxy1ic acid, phthalic acid, and
  • tetrachlorophthalic acid ,5-dibromo- 8-formyl-acrylic acid (muco-bromic acid), dibromo-maleic acid, 2- brorno-benzoic acid, gallic acid, 3-nitro-2-hydroxy-1- benzoic acid, Z-nitro-phenbxyacetic acid, 2-nitro-benzoic acid, 3-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-nitro benzoic acid, 3-
  • nitro-4-ethoxy-benzoic acid 2-chl0ro-4-nitro-1-benzoic acid, 3-nitro-4-methoxy-benzoic acid, 4-nitro-l-methylbenzoic acid, Z-chloro-S-nitro-l-benzoic acid, 3-chlo-ro 6-nit-ro-1-benzoic acid, 4-chloro-3-nitro-l-benzoic acid, 5-chloro 3-nitro-2-hydroxy-benzoic acid, 4-chloro-2-hydroxy-benzoic acid, 2,4-dinitro-1-benzoic acid, Z-bromo- S-nitro-benzoic acid, 4-chlorophenyl-acetic acid, 2-chloro-cinnamic acid, 2-cyano-ci1mamic acid, 2,4-dich1orobenzoic acid, 3,5-dinitro-benzoic acid, 3,5-dinitr0-salicylic acid, malonic acid, mucic acid, acetosalicylic acid,
  • Organic phosphonic acids such as 4-chloro-3-nitro-benzene-phosphonic acid
  • Nitrophenols such as 4-nitrophenol, and picric acid
  • Acid anhydrides for example:
  • Metal halides of the metals and metalloids of the groups IB, II through to group VIII of the periodical system for example:
  • Aluminium chloride zinc chloride, ferric chloride, tin tetrachloride (stannic chloride), arsenic trichloride, stannous chloride, antimony pentachloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide,calcium bromide, calcium to dide, strontium bromide, chromic bromide, manganous chloride, ferrous chloride, cobaltous chloride, cobaltic chloride, cupric bromide, cuprous chloride, ceric chloride, cerous chloride, cerous bromide, mercuric chloride (corrosive sublimate), thorium chloride, arsenic triiodide;
  • Quinones such as p-benzoquinone, 2,5-dichlorobenzoquinone, 2,6-dichloro benzoquinone, chloroanil, naphthoquinone-( 1,4) 2,3-dichloro-naphthoquinone-( 1,4), anthraquinone, Z-methyIanthraquinone, 1,4-dimet-hylanthraquinone, l-chloroanthraquinoue, anthraquinone- Z-carboxylic acid, 1,5-dichloroanthraquinone, 1-chloro- 4-nitroauthraquinone, phenanthrene-quinone, acenap-hthenequinone, pyranthrenequinone, chrysene-quinone, thio-naphthene-quinone, anthraquinone-l,8-disulfonic acid
  • Aldehydes such as bromal, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, 2,'6-dichlorobenzaldehyde, 2-ethoxy-l-naphthaldehyde, anthIacene-9-aldehyde, pyrene3'-aldehyde, oxind0le-3- aldehyde, pyridine-2,6 -dialdehyde, biphenyl-4-aldehyde, furfural;
  • aldehydes such as bromal, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, 2,'6-dichlorobenzaldehyde, 2-ethoxy-l-naphthaldehyde, anthIacene-9-aldehyde, pyrene3'-aldehyde, oxind0le-3- aldehyde, pyridine-2,6 -dialdehyde, biphenyl-4-aldehyde, furfural;
  • Ketones such as acetophenone, benzophenone, 2-acetylnaphthalene, benzil, benzoin, S-benzoyl-acenaphthene, biacene-dione, Q-acetylanthracene, 9-benzoyl-anthracene, 4-(4'-dimethylamino-cinnamoyl)-1-acetylbenzene, acetoacetic acid-anilide, indandione-(LB), (1,3-diketohydrindene), acenaphthenequinone-dichloride, an-isil, 2,2-pyridil, fun'l.
  • the quantity of the substances required for obtaining the best possible improvement varies with the nature of such substance, but generally is from 0.01 to 5 percent, preferably from. 1 to 2 percent weight for Weight of the
  • the addition of even a much smaller quantity causes a considerable increase of the sensitivity of the poly-vinyl-carbazole layer.
  • Larger quantities of the additive substances even up to 20 percent weight for weight of the poly-vinyl carbazole, may be used if desired.
  • "Non-volatile solid compounds amongst the class referred to are preferably used as the additive sub stances. Liquid or gaseous additive substances of the class referred to may also be used.
  • the invention further includes a material for use in electrophotographic processes comprising a self-supporting foil of poly-N-vinyl-carbazole which may contain a sensitizer being a dyestufi or other substance capable of modifying the spectral sensitivity of the foil when electrostatically charged, and/ or an additive of the class set forth above elfective to increase the photo-semiconductive capacity of the polyvinyl-carbazole and comprising acids, acid anhydrides, metal halides, boron halides, and organic carbonyl compounds.
  • a sensitizer being a dyestufi or other substance capable of modifying the spectral sensitivity of the foil when electrostatically charged
  • an additive of the class set forth above elfective to increase the photo-semiconductive capacity of the polyvinyl-carbazole and comprising acids, acid anhydrides, metal halides, boron halides, and organic carbonyl compounds.
  • Material embodying the invention both in the form of a self-supporting foil and of a layer carried .on a support, may also be employed as record paper for charting purposes, for example for photographic recorders and like apparatus.
  • Polyvinyl-carbazoles i.e. polymerisation products of N-vinyl-carbazole, are known in various stages of polymerisation. They have resin-like character, rendering superfluous the use of binding agents for the purpose of increasing the homogeneity of a photo-conductive insulating layer.
  • High-molecular poly-N-vinyl carbazoles are available as commercial products, for example, the products marketed by the firm of Badische Anilinund Sodafabrik A.G., Ludwigshafen/Rhein, under the registered trademark Luvican, such as Luvican K 323, Luvican M 170 and Luvican K 260. They dissolve with strong fluorescence in many organic solvents.
  • the polyvinyl carbazoles are preferably coated in organic solvents onto the support which may be of the kind commonly used in electro-photography, for example metal, paper or a plastic foil, in known manner for example by hopper coating or by direct coating.
  • the polyvinyl carbazoles may be used for coating supports, also for aqueous dispersions or dispersions in organic solvents, with equally good results.
  • Photoconductive insulating layers of exceptional uniformity are obtained by this means with which excellent copies can be prepared by electrophotographic means. Hitherto it has been recognised as advisable, when paper was used as support ,tfor the photoconductive layer, for special pretreated paper incapable of being penetrated by organic solvents to be used.
  • the polymers of N-vinyl carbazoles can be applied in the form of solutions in organic solvents even to untreated base papers without excessive penetration of the coating solution taking place.
  • polymers of the N-vinylcarbazoles make the addition of other substances unnecessary, plasticizers and other resins, e.g. ketone resins, may if desired be added to photoconductive layers prepared in accordance with the invention, which in some circumstances could result in improvements, for example, in light sensitivity.
  • Resins which are suitable to be added to the polymerized N-vinyl-carbazoles include also synthetic polymers or other organic colloids. As examples of such resins the following substances are stated:
  • Natural and synthetic resins e.g. balsam resins, phenol resins and other resins modified with colophony, coumarone resins and indene resins and the substances covered by the collective term synthetic lacquer resins, which includes processed natural substances such as cellulose ether, see the Kunststofftaschenbuch (Plastics Pocket Book) published by Saechtling-Zebrowski (11th edition, 1955, page 212 onwards);
  • Polymers such as the polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetals, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl ethers, polyacrylic and polymethacrylic esters, and polystyrene and isobutylene polymers;
  • Polycondensates e.g. polyesters, such as phthalate resins, alkyd resins, maleic acid resins, colophony esters of mixed higher alcohols, phenol-formaldehyde resins,
  • additives which may if desired be used, include pigments such as zinc oxide or titanium dioxide and also other photoconductive organic substances.
  • the polyvinyl carbazole foil, or support carrying a layer comprising polyvinyl carbazole may be utilized for the production of images by electrophotographic means, for example, as follows:
  • the thus sensitized layer is exposed to light under a master or by episcopic or diascopic projection and is then dusted over in known manner with a suitable developing agent such as a resin powder colored with carbon black.
  • a suitable developing agent such as a resin powder colored with carbon black.
  • the image that now becomes visible can easily be wiped oif, and therefore needs to be fixed; it can for example, be heated briefly to approximately C. by means of an infrared radiator. The temperature need not be as high as this if the heat treatment is carried out in the presence of vapours of solvents such as trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride or ethyl alcohol.
  • the powdered image can also be fixed by means of steam. From positive masters, positive images of good contrast are produced.
  • the support e.g. the paper or plastic foil
  • a solvent for the photoconductive layer e.g. alcohol, or acetic acid
  • positive printing plates are obtained which can be set up in an oflset machine and used for printing. They give very long runs.
  • the electrophotographic images can also be used as masters for the production of further copies on any sort of light sensitive sheets.
  • the photoconductive compounds to be used as provided by the invention are superior to substances such as selenium or zinc oxide, inasmuch as the latter give cloudy layers.
  • polyvinyl carbazoles disclosed in the examples are polymerization products of N-vinyl-carbazole.
  • Examples l A solution of 10 gms. of polyvinyl carbazole in 150 ml. of benzene is applied to paper by means of a coating hopper and the coated paper is dried. The solution is applied onto the paper until the thickness of the dried layer amounts to 5 1.. A larger quantity of the solution can be applied in order to obtain a dried layer of an essentially uniform thickness of up to 20a.
  • the coated paper is negatively charged to about 300 volts by means of a corona discharge, exposed for a few seconds under a positive transparent master to the light of a high-pressure mercury vapour lamp watts, 30 cm. distance) and dusted over with a developer comprising a mixture of 100 gms. of glass balls (approx. a) and 2.5 gms. of a toner the particle size of which is 20-50;!
  • Said toner can be prepared by fusion of:
  • the images produced are suitable as copying masters (intermediate originals) for the production of duplicates by 'any convenient photo reproduction method, a 1
  • the coated paper can be positively charged by means of a corona discharge, the thus sensitized paper exposed under a positive transparent master to the light of a highpressure mercury vapour lamp for M second and dusted over with a developer consisting of methyl cellulose as carrier and the toner described in Example 1. A positive image of the master becomes visible which can be fixed by heating.
  • the foil produced can be charged by means of a corona 8 Paper is coated with this solution by means of a hopper device, and the coating dried;
  • the coating in the paper can be negatively charged by means of acorona discharge and then an image of one side of a sheet printed on both sides can be projected episcopically on the charged paper to produce an electrostatic latent image of the said side.
  • the electrostatic latent image is treated with a developer consisting of finely divided glass balls and a resin and carbon-black mixture, and fixed for example by heating.
  • the foil can be subjected to a corona discharge, exposed under a positive master for 4 second to the light of a high-pressure mercury vapour lamp and dusted over with a developer containing coloured resin particles, such as the developer described in Example 1.
  • a positive image is obtained which can be fixed by heating.
  • Example 6 Theprocedure described in Example 1 is followed except that the coating solution used contains 10 gms. of ketone resin (for example the resin known as Kunststoffharz AP produced by the Chemische Werke Hills A.G., Marl/Kr. Recklinghausen) as well as 10 gms. of polyvinyl carbazole, in 150 ml. of benzene.
  • the coated paper is dried, then negatively charged by means of a corona discharge and exposed undera positive transparent master for three seconds to the light of a 125-watt high-pressure mercury vapour lamp at a distance of cm. An electrostatic positive image is obtained which is developed and fixed by steam treatment.
  • ketone resin for example the resin known as Kunststoffharz AP produced by the Chemische Werke Hills A.G., Marl/Kr. Recklinghausen
  • 10 gms. of polyvinyl carbazole in 150 ml. of benzene.
  • the coated paper is dried, then negatively charged by means of a cor
  • electrostatically charged paper is exposed under a trans parent positive master to light for 1 second using a Watt high-pressure mercury yapour lamp at a distance of 30 cm. Subsequently the paper is dusted over with a resin powder, coloured with carbon black. The finely divided resin remains at those parts of the polyvinylcarbazole layer which have not been struck by light during exposure and thus a positive image of the original becomes visible, which is'then. made stable (fixed) by image shows a very good contrast.
  • the electrostatically charged paper is placed with its coated side contacting a book-page printed on both sides as original, and is exposed to light for 3 seconds by means of a 100-watt incandescent lamp. Exposure is thus effected through the copying paper. After exposure, the electrostatic latent image is dusted with a resin powder colored with carbon black, in known manner. A positive reversed image is obtained, which shows good contrast. By firmly pressing paper or a plastic foil onto the powder image obtained, the image can be transferred onto the paper or foil, and a non-reversed image of the book-page is thus obtained. During the transfer operation on the powder image, an electric field may, as is well-known in the art, be applied to the paper or foil, to which the reversed powder image is intended to be transferred. If the paper or foil (known as transfer material) is transparent, the copies produced thereon are suitable as intermediate originals for further copying such as printing onto diazotype paper or blue-print paper.
  • the mixture is applied onto paper which is then dried.
  • the paper may be provided with a positive charge by means of a corona-discharge apparatus rendering it sensitive to light-rays, exposed for 1 second under a positive transparent original to light from a 40 watt incandescent lamp at a distance of 30 cm. and then dusted over with a resin powder coloured with carbon black. A positive image of the original is thus made visible and is fixed by heating.
  • the layer side of the exposed paper is treated with a developer consisting of a mixture of small glass beads and very finely divided particles of a resin-carbon-black mixture.
  • the black colored resin which becomes positively charged triboelectrically sticks to those parts of the polyvinyl canbazole layer which have not been struck by light during exposure, and a positive image is thus obtained, which is fixed by slightly heating it.
  • the image shows good contrast.
  • Example 17 The procedure described in Example 10 is followed except that for coating the paper, a solution is used, prepared by mixing gms. of benzene containing 9.6 gms. of polyvinyl carbazole dissolved therein, 07 cc. of a l-molar solution of dichloroacetic acid in benzene and 2 mgms. of the dyestutf Victoria blue B (see the foregoing table of dyestuffs) in 1 cc. of methanol. When using a 40 watt incandescent lamp at a distance of 30 cc. the exposure time needed is 1 second. An image may be pro quiz from a book-page, both sides of which have been printed, by episcopic projection. The images show the half-tones and the full-tones with good contrast.
  • a direct image can be electrophotographioally produced by providing the layer with a negative electric charge by means of a corona discharge apparatus, exposing the charged layer of one second under a positive transparent original to light from a high-pressure mercury vapor lamp of 125 watts at a distance of 25 cms., and subsequently dusting (developing) the exposed layer with a resin powder colored with carbon black in a manner known per se.
  • a positive image of the transparent original becomes visible, which is made stable (fixed) by slightly heating it. The image shows good contrast.
  • 2-methylanthraquinone other quinones can be added in equivalent quantity to the polyvinyl carbazole solution, for example, another substitution product of anthraquinone, anthraquinone itself, benzoquinone, naphthoquinone, or a substitution product of the two last mentioned quinones.
  • a transparent support such as a sheet of cellulose acetate instead of paper, the positive copy produced electrophotographically can be used as a master for printing on to other light sensitive layers.
  • foil images can be produced from patterns by the electrophotographic process in a manner known.per se, from which images copies with good contrast can be obtained 7 on paper by transference.
  • non-transparent opaque paper which is permeable to light (translucent) and dried.
  • the polyvinyl carbazole layer thus provided on the paper is negatively charged by means of a corona discharge apparatus and is put with its layer-side upon a doublesided printed book-page which serves as an original lying on a backing of black paper. It is then exposed to light under a 100 watt incandescent bulb for 2 seconds. The exposure takes place reflex-wise from the back side of the coated paper through the paper sheet.
  • the paper After exposure the electrostatic latent image'on the paper is powdered with resin-soot-powder and a positive reversed image, rich in contrast, is obtained which image is transferred to a transfer sheet of paper or plastic foil, which is firmly pressed on the powder image A nonreversed copy of the book-page used as pattern is obtained.
  • the transference may also becarried out in the manner known per se wherein an electric field is applied to'the transfer material.
  • the transferred image is then fixed. If the paper or the plastic foil (transfer sheet) are transparent the non-reversed image obtained can be used as an intermediate original for making further copies for example on diazotype or blueprint paper.
  • Example 18 The procedure described in Example 18 is followed, except that for coating the paper a solution of 44 gms. of polyvinyl carbazole and 0.42 gm. of indandione- 1,3 (l,3diketohydrindene) in 820 cc. of benzene, is used. With the material produced positive images also rich in contrast are obtained. The exposure of the charged material s elfected under a 125'watt high-pressure mercury vapor lamp at a distance of about 25 cms., with an exposure time of 2 seconds.
  • Example 18 The procedure described in Example 18 is followed, except that for coating the paper a solution is used of 50 cc. of benzene containing 4 gms. of polyvinyl carbazole and 0.065 g. of phthalic anhydride. The time of exposure necessary for producing positive latent elect-rostatic images amounts to 1 second. t Y
  • Example 9 The'procedure described in Example 9 is followed except that for coating the paper a mixture issued prepared by mixing a solution of 10 gms. of polyvinyl car- 'oazole and 0.126 gm. of l-chloro-anthraquinone in 200 cc. of benzene, a solution of 0.06 g. of .maleic acid in 30 cc. of tetrahydrofurane, and a solution of 0.05 g. of the dyestuff Rhodamine B extra (see the foregoing table of dyestuffs) in 5 cc. of methanol.
  • the paper is exposed for 5 seconds under a 40 watt incandescent lamp at a distance of 25 cms. After developing and fixing the images produced show good contrast.
  • a photographic reproduction process which comprises exposing an electrostatically charged photoconductive insulating layer comprising solid polyvinylcarbazole to a light image, whereby the light-struck area is discharged, and developing the resulting image with an electroscopic material.
  • the photoconductive layer also contains a dyestufl? and a compound selected from the group consisting of mineral acids, metal halides, boron halides, and compounds containing a carbonyl group.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
US759406A 1957-09-07 1958-09-08 Electrophotographic reproduction material Expired - Lifetime US3037861A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK0032885 1957-09-07
DEK35382A DE1111935B (de) 1957-09-07 1958-07-25 Elektrisch isolierende, photoleitfaehige Schichten fuer elektrophotographische Zwecke

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3037861A true US3037861A (en) 1962-06-05

Family

ID=25983040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US759406A Expired - Lifetime US3037861A (en) 1957-09-07 1958-09-08 Electrophotographic reproduction material

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3037861A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE570790A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH379276A (en, 2012)
DE (2) DE1111935B (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1210153A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB856770A (en, 2012)
LU (1) LU36383A1 (en, 2012)
NL (2) NL231103A (en, 2012)
NO (1) NO95057A (en, 2012)

Cited By (80)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3122435A (en) * 1959-02-26 1964-02-25 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Electrophotographic material
US3146101A (en) * 1962-05-31 1964-08-25 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Sensitization of photoconductive copysheets
US3155503A (en) * 1959-02-26 1964-11-03 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Electrophotographic material
US3161505A (en) * 1961-01-28 1964-12-15 Azoplate Corp Material for electrophotographic purposes
US3162532A (en) * 1959-06-25 1964-12-22 Azoplate Corp Photoconductive layers for electrophotographic purposes
US3169060A (en) * 1959-07-03 1965-02-09 Azoplate Corp Photoconductive layers for electrophotographic purposes
US3206306A (en) * 1959-04-09 1965-09-14 Azoplate Corp Material for electrophotographic purposes
US3230081A (en) * 1959-08-04 1966-01-18 Azoplate Corp Process for the preparation of printing plates utilizing electrostatic image formation techniques
US3240597A (en) * 1961-08-21 1966-03-15 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconducting polymers for preparing electrophotographic materials
US3257202A (en) * 1959-08-20 1966-06-21 Azoplate Corp Electrophotographic material and process
US3272626A (en) * 1962-02-23 1966-09-13 Royal Typewriter Co Inc Xerographic method
US3281240A (en) * 1960-10-12 1966-10-25 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Electrophotographic material
US3285740A (en) * 1961-10-25 1966-11-15 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Electrophotographic process
US3287123A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287115A (en) * 1959-05-29 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287119A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287116A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287118A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287117A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductros
US3287113A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287122A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287121A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287114A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287120A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3300304A (en) * 1960-10-03 1967-01-24 Renker Belipa G M B H Fa Electrophotographic material and process
US3309990A (en) * 1961-01-25 1967-03-21 Azoplate Corp Process for the preparation of printing plates
US3316087A (en) * 1959-10-31 1967-04-25 Azoplate Corp Photoconductor coatings for electrophotography
US3341472A (en) * 1963-08-26 1967-09-12 Ibm Photoconductors and method of making the same
US3399060A (en) * 1963-04-16 1968-08-27 Little Inc A Electrophotographic product and method for achieving electrophotographic copying
US3408184A (en) * 1965-01-18 1968-10-29 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic materials and methods employing photoconductive resinous charge transfers complexes
US3408183A (en) * 1965-01-18 1968-10-29 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic materials and methods employing photoconductive resinous charge transfer complexes
US3408182A (en) * 1965-01-18 1968-10-29 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic materials and methods employing photoconductive resinous charge transfer complexes
US3408186A (en) * 1965-01-18 1968-10-29 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic materials and methods employing photoconductive resinous charge transfer complexes
US3421891A (en) * 1964-06-18 1969-01-14 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Electrophotographic materials comprising brominated poly-n-vinyl carbazoles
US3455240A (en) * 1965-09-13 1969-07-15 Xerox Corp Imaging system
US3485624A (en) * 1966-06-07 1969-12-23 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductive properties of poly-n-vinyl carbazole
US3498784A (en) * 1966-12-29 1970-03-03 Grace W R & Co Photoconductive polymers and plate
US3512967A (en) * 1966-11-09 1970-05-19 Ibm Electrophotographic method and member for contact printing of relatively opaque documents
US3518082A (en) * 1969-03-10 1970-06-30 Ampex Method of electrophotographic imaging employing phenazine as the sensitizer for the photoconductive material
US3536482A (en) * 1966-08-29 1970-10-27 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic imaging system including a halogen treatment step for making background areas transparent
DE2032652A1 (de) * 1969-07-01 1971-01-14 Xerox Corp , Rochester, N Y (VStA) Stoffzusammensetzung zur Verbesse rung der elektrischen Eigenschaften eines fur elektrophotographische Zwecke benutzten Photoleiters sowie hierfür dienendes Verfahren
US3671507A (en) * 1971-07-12 1972-06-20 Ricoh Kk Method for polymerization of n-vinylcarbazole
US3689769A (en) * 1966-05-19 1972-09-05 Alexander U Averbach Electrophotographic copy process and element produced in same
US3725058A (en) * 1969-12-30 1973-04-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Dual layered photoreceptor employing selenium sensitizer
US3751246A (en) * 1968-01-17 1973-08-07 Addressograph Multigraph Photoconductive elements employing n-vinyl carbazoles having fused condensed arenic ring structures
US3817961A (en) * 1971-05-28 1974-06-18 Desota Inc Polymerization of 9-vinyl carbazole
US3847605A (en) * 1970-03-09 1974-11-12 Canon Kk Photosensitive material for electrophotography
US3870516A (en) * 1970-12-01 1975-03-11 Xerox Corp Method of imaging photoconductor in change transport binder
US3871884A (en) * 1970-12-16 1975-03-18 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Photoconductive complex with hydroxy-nitrobenzoic acids and triarylmethane dyes
US3879197A (en) * 1969-09-03 1975-04-22 Itek Corp Electrophotographic copying process
US3930854A (en) * 1967-10-24 1976-01-06 Desoto, Inc. Electrostatic copy paper containing manganous salt
US3933492A (en) * 1972-02-23 1976-01-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Ricoh Novel photoconductive substances and their application
US3935009A (en) * 1973-02-14 1976-01-27 Oce-Van Der Grinten N.V. Electrophotographic reproduction element of an aniline compound electron acceptor
US4025341A (en) * 1974-12-20 1977-05-24 Eastman Kodak Company Photoconductive polymer and photoconductive compositions and elements containing same
US4026703A (en) * 1974-03-29 1977-05-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dual-layered photoreceptor use in electrophotography
US4052209A (en) * 1975-03-07 1977-10-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Semiconductive and sensitized photoconductive compositions
US4076528A (en) * 1973-05-12 1978-02-28 Xerox Corporation Xerographic binder plate
US4097277A (en) * 1973-01-31 1978-06-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Photosensitive member having layer of vinyl carbazole polymer containing antimony chalcogen compound of antimony and sulfur
US4106934A (en) * 1976-06-14 1978-08-15 Eastman Kodak Company Photoconductive compositions and elements with charge transfer complexes
US4123271A (en) * 1974-01-22 1978-10-31 Mita Industrial Company, Limited Alkali metal dichromate as memory resistance improver for zinc oxide photoconductors in electrostatic photography
US4152152A (en) * 1973-10-04 1979-05-01 Eastman Kodak Company Additives for contrast control in organic photoconductor compositions and elements
US4205005A (en) * 1977-08-11 1980-05-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Anthraquino-cycloalkane dyes
US4222902A (en) * 1975-03-07 1980-09-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Semiconductive and sensitized photoconductive compositions
US4233384A (en) * 1979-04-30 1980-11-11 Xerox Corporation Imaging system using novel charge transport layer
US4292385A (en) * 1979-09-04 1981-09-29 A. B. Dick Company Bi-modal photoreceptor and method
US4302521A (en) * 1979-07-16 1981-11-24 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Photosensitive element for electrophotography
US4349618A (en) * 1980-07-29 1982-09-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photoconductive compositions and electrophotographic light-sensitive materials using said compositions
US4358519A (en) * 1977-12-05 1982-11-09 Honeywell Inc. Technique of introducing an interface layer in a thermoplastic photoconductor medium
US4387148A (en) * 1980-08-30 1983-06-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Electrophotographic recording material and process for its production
US4438187A (en) 1981-04-06 1984-03-20 Mita Industrial Co. Ltd. Photosensitive composition for electrophotography with chloronaphthoquinones
US4469769A (en) * 1982-08-03 1984-09-04 Mita Industrial Co. Ltd. Photosensitive material for electrophotography contains halo-benzoquinone sensitizer
US4477551A (en) * 1980-04-10 1984-10-16 Mha Industrial Co., Ltd. Photosensitive layer for electrophotography
US4556621A (en) * 1983-07-05 1985-12-03 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Electrophotographic recording material containing a metal-1,3-diketone complex
US4559285A (en) * 1983-07-05 1985-12-17 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Electrophotographic recording materials containing a metal acetylacetonate
US4581311A (en) * 1981-08-06 1986-04-08 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photoconductive composition with vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer additive
US4600673A (en) * 1983-08-04 1986-07-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Silicone release coatings for efficient toner transfer
US4668600A (en) * 1984-05-15 1987-05-26 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Electrophotographic recording material containing an n-type conducting pigment
US5324608A (en) * 1992-11-23 1994-06-28 Mitsubishi Kasei America, Inc. Photoconductor drum, having a non-conductive layer, with an area of electrical contact and method of manufacturing the same
US5554473A (en) * 1994-11-23 1996-09-10 Mitsubishi Chemical America, Inc. Photoreceptor having charge transport layers containing a copolycarbonate and layer containing same
US6017665A (en) * 1998-02-26 2000-01-25 Mitsubishi Chemical America Charge generation layers and charge transport layers and organic photoconductive imaging receptors containing the same, and method for preparing the same

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3131060A (en) * 1959-02-26 1964-04-28 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Electrophotographic material
DE1216689B (de) * 1960-09-19 1966-05-12 Renker Belipa G M B H Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial
US3552316A (en) * 1966-02-14 1971-01-05 Dick Co Ab Dtr offset master and composition for preparation of same
JPS60120361A (ja) * 1983-12-05 1985-06-27 Canon Inc 感光体

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2072465A (en) * 1934-07-25 1937-03-02 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Production of polymeric nu-vinyl compounds
US2297691A (en) * 1939-04-04 1942-10-06 Chester F Carlson Electrophotography
US2663636A (en) * 1949-05-25 1953-12-22 Haloid Co Electrophotographic plate and method of producing same
US2697028A (en) * 1951-04-28 1954-12-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Methods of producing dehydrogenated hydrocarbon bodies
US2800559A (en) * 1953-07-23 1957-07-23 Nat Res Dev Electrical semi-conductors comprising organo metallic compounds and process of producing same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2072465A (en) * 1934-07-25 1937-03-02 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Production of polymeric nu-vinyl compounds
US2297691A (en) * 1939-04-04 1942-10-06 Chester F Carlson Electrophotography
US2663636A (en) * 1949-05-25 1953-12-22 Haloid Co Electrophotographic plate and method of producing same
US2697028A (en) * 1951-04-28 1954-12-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Methods of producing dehydrogenated hydrocarbon bodies
US2800559A (en) * 1953-07-23 1957-07-23 Nat Res Dev Electrical semi-conductors comprising organo metallic compounds and process of producing same

Cited By (80)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3122435A (en) * 1959-02-26 1964-02-25 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Electrophotographic material
US3155503A (en) * 1959-02-26 1964-11-03 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Electrophotographic material
US3206306A (en) * 1959-04-09 1965-09-14 Azoplate Corp Material for electrophotographic purposes
US3287115A (en) * 1959-05-29 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3162532A (en) * 1959-06-25 1964-12-22 Azoplate Corp Photoconductive layers for electrophotographic purposes
US3169060A (en) * 1959-07-03 1965-02-09 Azoplate Corp Photoconductive layers for electrophotographic purposes
US3230081A (en) * 1959-08-04 1966-01-18 Azoplate Corp Process for the preparation of printing plates utilizing electrostatic image formation techniques
US3257202A (en) * 1959-08-20 1966-06-21 Azoplate Corp Electrophotographic material and process
US3316087A (en) * 1959-10-31 1967-04-25 Azoplate Corp Photoconductor coatings for electrophotography
US3300304A (en) * 1960-10-03 1967-01-24 Renker Belipa G M B H Fa Electrophotographic material and process
US3281240A (en) * 1960-10-12 1966-10-25 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Electrophotographic material
US3309990A (en) * 1961-01-25 1967-03-21 Azoplate Corp Process for the preparation of printing plates
US3161505A (en) * 1961-01-28 1964-12-15 Azoplate Corp Material for electrophotographic purposes
US3287117A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductros
US3287123A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287119A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287116A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287118A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287113A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287122A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287121A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287114A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3287120A (en) * 1961-07-24 1966-11-22 Azoplate Corp Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3240597A (en) * 1961-08-21 1966-03-15 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconducting polymers for preparing electrophotographic materials
US3285740A (en) * 1961-10-25 1966-11-15 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Electrophotographic process
US3272626A (en) * 1962-02-23 1966-09-13 Royal Typewriter Co Inc Xerographic method
US3146101A (en) * 1962-05-31 1964-08-25 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Sensitization of photoconductive copysheets
US3399060A (en) * 1963-04-16 1968-08-27 Little Inc A Electrophotographic product and method for achieving electrophotographic copying
US3341472A (en) * 1963-08-26 1967-09-12 Ibm Photoconductors and method of making the same
US3421891A (en) * 1964-06-18 1969-01-14 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Electrophotographic materials comprising brominated poly-n-vinyl carbazoles
US3408184A (en) * 1965-01-18 1968-10-29 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic materials and methods employing photoconductive resinous charge transfers complexes
US3408183A (en) * 1965-01-18 1968-10-29 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic materials and methods employing photoconductive resinous charge transfer complexes
US3408182A (en) * 1965-01-18 1968-10-29 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic materials and methods employing photoconductive resinous charge transfer complexes
US3408186A (en) * 1965-01-18 1968-10-29 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic materials and methods employing photoconductive resinous charge transfer complexes
US3455240A (en) * 1965-09-13 1969-07-15 Xerox Corp Imaging system
US3689769A (en) * 1966-05-19 1972-09-05 Alexander U Averbach Electrophotographic copy process and element produced in same
US3485624A (en) * 1966-06-07 1969-12-23 Eastman Kodak Co Photoconductive properties of poly-n-vinyl carbazole
US3536482A (en) * 1966-08-29 1970-10-27 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic imaging system including a halogen treatment step for making background areas transparent
US3512967A (en) * 1966-11-09 1970-05-19 Ibm Electrophotographic method and member for contact printing of relatively opaque documents
US3498784A (en) * 1966-12-29 1970-03-03 Grace W R & Co Photoconductive polymers and plate
US3930854A (en) * 1967-10-24 1976-01-06 Desoto, Inc. Electrostatic copy paper containing manganous salt
US3751246A (en) * 1968-01-17 1973-08-07 Addressograph Multigraph Photoconductive elements employing n-vinyl carbazoles having fused condensed arenic ring structures
US3518082A (en) * 1969-03-10 1970-06-30 Ampex Method of electrophotographic imaging employing phenazine as the sensitizer for the photoconductive material
DE2032652A1 (de) * 1969-07-01 1971-01-14 Xerox Corp , Rochester, N Y (VStA) Stoffzusammensetzung zur Verbesse rung der elektrischen Eigenschaften eines fur elektrophotographische Zwecke benutzten Photoleiters sowie hierfür dienendes Verfahren
US3879197A (en) * 1969-09-03 1975-04-22 Itek Corp Electrophotographic copying process
US3725058A (en) * 1969-12-30 1973-04-03 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Dual layered photoreceptor employing selenium sensitizer
US3847605A (en) * 1970-03-09 1974-11-12 Canon Kk Photosensitive material for electrophotography
US3870516A (en) * 1970-12-01 1975-03-11 Xerox Corp Method of imaging photoconductor in change transport binder
US3871884A (en) * 1970-12-16 1975-03-18 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Photoconductive complex with hydroxy-nitrobenzoic acids and triarylmethane dyes
US3817961A (en) * 1971-05-28 1974-06-18 Desota Inc Polymerization of 9-vinyl carbazole
US3671507A (en) * 1971-07-12 1972-06-20 Ricoh Kk Method for polymerization of n-vinylcarbazole
US3933492A (en) * 1972-02-23 1976-01-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Ricoh Novel photoconductive substances and their application
US4097277A (en) * 1973-01-31 1978-06-27 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Photosensitive member having layer of vinyl carbazole polymer containing antimony chalcogen compound of antimony and sulfur
US3935009A (en) * 1973-02-14 1976-01-27 Oce-Van Der Grinten N.V. Electrophotographic reproduction element of an aniline compound electron acceptor
US4076528A (en) * 1973-05-12 1978-02-28 Xerox Corporation Xerographic binder plate
US4152152A (en) * 1973-10-04 1979-05-01 Eastman Kodak Company Additives for contrast control in organic photoconductor compositions and elements
US4123271A (en) * 1974-01-22 1978-10-31 Mita Industrial Company, Limited Alkali metal dichromate as memory resistance improver for zinc oxide photoconductors in electrostatic photography
US4026703A (en) * 1974-03-29 1977-05-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dual-layered photoreceptor use in electrophotography
US4025341A (en) * 1974-12-20 1977-05-24 Eastman Kodak Company Photoconductive polymer and photoconductive compositions and elements containing same
US4222902A (en) * 1975-03-07 1980-09-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Semiconductive and sensitized photoconductive compositions
US4052209A (en) * 1975-03-07 1977-10-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Semiconductive and sensitized photoconductive compositions
US4106934A (en) * 1976-06-14 1978-08-15 Eastman Kodak Company Photoconductive compositions and elements with charge transfer complexes
US4205005A (en) * 1977-08-11 1980-05-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Anthraquino-cycloalkane dyes
US4358519A (en) * 1977-12-05 1982-11-09 Honeywell Inc. Technique of introducing an interface layer in a thermoplastic photoconductor medium
US4233384A (en) * 1979-04-30 1980-11-11 Xerox Corporation Imaging system using novel charge transport layer
US4302521A (en) * 1979-07-16 1981-11-24 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Photosensitive element for electrophotography
US4292385A (en) * 1979-09-04 1981-09-29 A. B. Dick Company Bi-modal photoreceptor and method
US4477551A (en) * 1980-04-10 1984-10-16 Mha Industrial Co., Ltd. Photosensitive layer for electrophotography
US4349618A (en) * 1980-07-29 1982-09-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photoconductive compositions and electrophotographic light-sensitive materials using said compositions
US4387148A (en) * 1980-08-30 1983-06-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Electrophotographic recording material and process for its production
US4438187A (en) 1981-04-06 1984-03-20 Mita Industrial Co. Ltd. Photosensitive composition for electrophotography with chloronaphthoquinones
US4581311A (en) * 1981-08-06 1986-04-08 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photoconductive composition with vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer additive
US4469769A (en) * 1982-08-03 1984-09-04 Mita Industrial Co. Ltd. Photosensitive material for electrophotography contains halo-benzoquinone sensitizer
US4559285A (en) * 1983-07-05 1985-12-17 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Electrophotographic recording materials containing a metal acetylacetonate
US4556621A (en) * 1983-07-05 1985-12-03 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Electrophotographic recording material containing a metal-1,3-diketone complex
US4600673A (en) * 1983-08-04 1986-07-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Silicone release coatings for efficient toner transfer
US4668600A (en) * 1984-05-15 1987-05-26 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Electrophotographic recording material containing an n-type conducting pigment
US5324608A (en) * 1992-11-23 1994-06-28 Mitsubishi Kasei America, Inc. Photoconductor drum, having a non-conductive layer, with an area of electrical contact and method of manufacturing the same
US5554473A (en) * 1994-11-23 1996-09-10 Mitsubishi Chemical America, Inc. Photoreceptor having charge transport layers containing a copolycarbonate and layer containing same
US6017665A (en) * 1998-02-26 2000-01-25 Mitsubishi Chemical America Charge generation layers and charge transport layers and organic photoconductive imaging receptors containing the same, and method for preparing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL231103A (en, 2012)
DE1068115B (en, 2012) 1959-10-29
LU36383A1 (en, 2012)
NO95057A (en, 2012)
GB856770A (en) 1960-12-21
CH379276A (de) 1964-06-30
DE1111935B (de) 1961-07-27
BE570790A (en, 2012)
FR1210153A (fr) 1960-03-07
NL99153C (en, 2012)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3037861A (en) Electrophotographic reproduction material
US3159483A (en) Process for the preparation of electrophotographic reversed images
US3066023A (en) Member for electrophotographic reproduction and process therefor
US3331687A (en) Electrophotographic material
US3232755A (en) Photoconductive layers for electrophotographic purposes
US3307940A (en) Electrophotographic process employing photoconductive polymers
US3879197A (en) Electrophotographic copying process
US3245783A (en) Material for electrophotographic purposes
US3525612A (en) Electrophotographic reproduction process employing a light sensitive material and a photoconductive material
US3681066A (en) Process whereby a diazo-containing material exhibits an imagewise change in triboelectric charging properties
US3287114A (en) Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3740218A (en) Photoconductive elements containing complexes of lewis acids and formaldehyde resins
US3576624A (en) Electrostatic printing method employing a pigmented light filter
US3287119A (en) Process for the sensitization of photoconductors
US3163531A (en) Photoconductive layers for electrophotographic purposes
JPS6251462B2 (en, 2012)
US3163530A (en) Material for electrophotographic purposes
JPH01161354A (ja) 電子受容体または供与体を含む光硬化性静電マスター
US3583869A (en) Electrophotographic copying paper containing poly-n-vinyl-3-azo carbazole
US3127266A (en) Chzxn
US3585026A (en) Treatment of background areas of developed electrophotographic elements with carboxy substituted triarylamine photoconductors with an alkaline medium to reduce opacity
US3721552A (en) Electrophotographic reproduction material
US3944417A (en) Process for the electrophotographic production of printing plates
US3653886A (en) Preparation of printing forms by the ionic polymerization of photoconductors
US4418134A (en) Aqueous composition-sensitive photoconductive composition