US3012479A - Firing mechanism for automatic firearms - Google Patents

Firing mechanism for automatic firearms Download PDF

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Publication number
US3012479A
US3012479A US729295A US72929558A US3012479A US 3012479 A US3012479 A US 3012479A US 729295 A US729295 A US 729295A US 72929558 A US72929558 A US 72929558A US 3012479 A US3012479 A US 3012479A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sear
trigger
spring
bolt
automatic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US729295A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ruffell Leslie Ernest
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STERLING ENG CO Ltd
STERLING ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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STERLING ENG CO Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STERLING ENG CO Ltd filed Critical STERLING ENG CO Ltd
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Publication of US3012479A publication Critical patent/US3012479A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/27—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block
    • F41A19/29—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension
    • F41A19/30—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension in bolt-action guns
    • F41A19/33—Arrangements for the selection of automatic or semi-automatic fire

Definitions

  • This invention relates to automatic firearms and in particular to trigger mechanisms therefor.
  • the primary object of the invention is to provide a trigger mechanism which can be fitted within a standard trigger frame but which is safer and more reliable than trigger mechanisms known hithento.
  • a trigger mechanism for an automatic firearm which comprises a pivoted sear movable by the operation of a spring-loaded trigger to an extent permitted by a selector device positionable at will to determine a safe and two fin'ng conditions and in which the sear is additionally capable of longitudinal move ment whereby it can be disconnected from said trigger in one of said firing conditions and a spring, interposed between the trigger and the sear, is operable in one of said firing conditions to perform said disconnection.
  • a second spring mounted independently of the trigger is arranged to assist the first spring in effecting the return movement of the sear consequent upon release of the trigger.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation of the trigger mechanism
  • FIG. 2 is an end elevation looking from the left of FIG. 1.
  • a conventional trigger 2 Pivotally mounted within the trigger frame 1 is a conventional trigger 2 having a step or latch face 3 on its rear upper portion for engaging an oppositely directed step or latch face 4 on the front of the sear 5.
  • the latter is also also pivotally mounted within the frame but the pivot rod 6 passes through a hole 7 in the sear which is elongated in the horizontal plane to form a slot whereby the sear is additionally capable of limited longitudinal movement.
  • Both the trigger and the sear are acted upon by a compression spring 8 housed in an inclined bore in the sear.
  • This spring acts on the sear directly and on the trigger via a plunger 9 slidably guided in the aforesaid bore. It will be apparent that the angle of this bore is such that the plunger contacts the rear central portion of the trigger at an angle which is approximately a right angle when the trigger is in its extreme forward or released position as shown.
  • a second compression spring Ill, coiled about a guide rod 11 is disposed between the rearmost point 12. on the sear and a pivot point 13 on the frame so that it can act on the sear independently of the trigger.
  • the selector device comprises a rotatable abutment 14 movable by an external selector lever 15 into one of three positions and adapted to be retained in any one of those positions by a detented leaf spring 16.
  • this abutment is opposite a corresponding face 17 or 18 on the bottom of the sear rearward of the pivot 6 but in the second position as shown it is opposite a recess 19 in the sear lying between these two faces.
  • the first, second and third positions of the abutment correspond respectively to the settings of the selector lever to safe, semi-automatic and fullyautomatic. The operation of the mechanism described for each of these settings will now be explained.
  • FIGURE 1 The slidable bolt is shown in FIGURE 1 at B and it is biased to the left by spring S.
  • This showing is essentially diagrammatic for purposes of illustrating the present invention, and for further detail attention is directed to United States Patent No. 2,437,548, issued March 8, 1948, which shows a bolt of this type that may be incorporated as the bolt in the assembly illustrated herein.
  • the tip 29 of the sear engages the bolt and the pressure of the bolt return spring S is sufficient to hold the sear in the forward position (i.e. with the sear pivot pin 6 at the rear of the elongated hole 7 in the sear).
  • the cooperating steps 3 and 4 on the trigger and sear are thus retained in engagement as shown and the trigger can only move by the amount of pivotal movement permitted to the sear. As soon as the latter starts torotate its rearmost bottom face 17 comes up against the abutment 14 and further movement of scar or trigger is prevented.
  • the tip 20 of the sear lies in a recess R in the bolt which allows the sear. to be driven to the rear by the first compression spring 8 so that the pivot pin 6 is now at the front of the elongated hole 7.
  • the step 4 on the front thereof is out of engagement with the step 3 on the trigger so that the trigger and sear are disconnected.
  • the trigger may be fully opera-ted, it has no effect, and further, backward movement of the bolt is restricted by the sear being looked in the upward position.
  • the abutment 14 is opposite the recess 19 between the two bottom faces on the sear. It therefore has no effect on the movement of the sear. Assuming the weapon has been cocked, the forward pressure on the bolt retains the sear in the forward position as in the I first of the two safe conditions referred to above. This time, however, there is no restriction on the pivotal movement of the sear so that the trigger can be pulled and the tip of the sear withdrawn from the bent to release the bolt and fire the weapon. As soon as the forward pressure on the sear ceases as the bolt is released, the first compression spring 8 drives the sear to the rear so disconnecting it from the trigger.
  • this spring is under its maximum compression and rotates the sear into a position where it is still disconnected from the trigger but its tip is again in the path of the bolt as it flies forward after recoil.
  • the bolt is thereby arrested in the cocked position.
  • the forward pressure on the bolt tends to push the sear forward but as long as the trigger is held, the sear is prevented from full forward movement.
  • the sear is engaged therewith as before and the weapon is in a condition to fire the next round.
  • the abutment 14 is opposite the foremost 18 of the two bottom faces on the sear and is in contact therewith.
  • the contact point is in a line passing through the pivot points of the abutment and the sear and the latter is thus prevented from rearward movement.
  • the trigger and sear will pivot in opposite directions under the influence of the first compression spring 8 and it is this movement of the sear which is relied upon to arrest the bolt and terminate firing.
  • the fact that both ends of the spring are moving in opposite directions means that the effective force of the spring is less than if one end were fixed.
  • the effective force of the spring is least when it is required to be greatest, i.e. at the moment when the trigger is in its inactive position and the sear is required to be fully in position to arrest the bolt. This danger is the greater in the semi-automatic condition because of the rearward as well as upward movement permitted to the sear.
  • release of the trigger will aggravate the condition by weakening the effective force of the spring still further.
  • the second compression spring 10 is provided to assist the first spring in effecting the return movement of the sear consequent upon the release of the trigger, so ensuring that the bolt is positively arrested as soon as the trigger is released in either firing condition.
  • the mechanism above described may be fitted within a standard trigger frame of a known weapon without previous modification.
  • Mechanism for an automatic firearm comprising a pivoted trigger, a sear positioned to control a shiftable spring biased bolt and mounted for pivotal movement and for slidable movement longitudinally of said firearm with respect to the pivot axis of said sear, means providing an operable motion controlling connection between the scar and trigger such that when the trigger is pivoted in a selected direction the sear is pivoted in a bolt releasing direction, primary resilient means interposed between said trigger and sear, means including said primary resilient means and said connection between the sear and trigger operative when said trigger is pulled in said selected direction and then released to shift said sear into operative disconnection from said trigger, a selector mounted for movement between at least three different positions of sear movement control, one of said positions being such that the selector lies in the path of the sear so that said selector blocks operative movement of said sear in response to trigger pull, a second of said positions providing for semi-automatic action and being such that said selector is out of operative connection with said sear so that after said trigger has been pulled in said selected direction to cause
  • Mechanism for automatic firearms comprising a frame, a trigger pivoted on the frame, a sear adapted to control a spring biased bolt and having a slide pivot on the frame, said slide pivot providing for slidable movement of the sear longitudinally of said firearm and said trigger and sear having latch faces in normal engagement, a first spring means interposed between and adapted to oppositely pivot said trigger and sear and also shift said sear away from said trigger to disconnect said latch faces, a selector shiftable between three positions where it respectively engages and blocks all movement of said sear, where it is out of the path of said scar and where it so engages the sear that the sear is maintained in operative contact with the trigger, and a second spring means interposed betwen the scar and frame for aiding sear return movement by said first spring means.
  • a trigger mechanism as claimed in claim 2 in which the first spring means is a compression spring housed in a bore in the sear and acting on the trigger through a plunger.
  • said selector comprising a pivoted arm, said sear having a face adapted to be engaged by said arm in one position, and said face being intersected by a line between the sear and arm pivots when the selector is disposed to the position Where the sear is maintained in contact with the trigger.
  • said latch faces being so constructed and arranged that in engaged condition they are displaced below a line joining the sear and trigger pivots so that arrestingimpact of the bolt on the sear is transferred to a surface of the trigger above said faces.
  • said trigger having a bolt arresting impact surface eccentrically curved with respect to the pivot axis of the trigger on the frame.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
US729295A 1957-04-30 1958-04-18 Firing mechanism for automatic firearms Expired - Lifetime US3012479A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB13729/57A GB834835A (en) 1957-04-30 1957-04-30 Improvements in or relating to automatic firearms

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3012479A true US3012479A (en) 1961-12-12

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ID=10028312

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US729295A Expired - Lifetime US3012479A (en) 1957-04-30 1958-04-18 Firing mechanism for automatic firearms

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US (1) US3012479A (US06252093-20010626-C00008.png)
BE (1) BE567242A (US06252093-20010626-C00008.png)
DE (1) DE1129872B (US06252093-20010626-C00008.png)
GB (1) GB834835A (US06252093-20010626-C00008.png)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3358560A (en) * 1965-05-07 1967-12-19 Sterling Eng Co Ltd Trigger mechanism for use with automatic firearms
US4833970A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-05-30 Gary Wilhelm Submachine gun
US5705763A (en) * 1996-07-18 1998-01-06 Leon; Jorge A. Fire selector system for selecting between automatic and semi-automatic operation of a gun
CN113945114A (zh) * 2021-07-06 2022-01-18 重庆建设工业(集团)有限责任公司 一种机枪发射机

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3455204A (en) 1965-09-29 1969-07-15 Stoner Eugene Feeding mechanism for an automatic gun
DE1728632C2 (de) * 1965-09-29 1982-02-18 Eugene Morrison Port Clinton Ohio Stoner Munitions-Zuführvorrichtung für eine automatische Feuerwaffe

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE672472C (de) * 1938-04-17 1939-03-03 Mauser Werke Akt Ges Abzugsvorrichtung mit einem Riegel, der sich mit seinem freien Ende unter dem Druck des gespannten Schlagbolzens auf dem oberen Ende des nach oben gerichteten Armes eines Abstuetzhebels abstuetzt
GB573029A (en) * 1943-09-14 1945-11-02 George Herbert Lanchester Improvements in trigger mechanisms for automatic firearms
US2432486A (en) * 1942-08-17 1947-12-09 Patchett George William Fire controlling mechanism for automatic firearms
US2785605A (en) * 1951-04-17 1957-03-19 Sarl Gevarm Firing mechanism for automatic rifles
US2909100A (en) * 1956-12-14 1959-10-20 Kennerley-Tayler Horace Trigger mechanism for firearms

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB552560A (en) * 1941-07-10 1943-04-14 George Herbert Lanchester Improved trigger mechanism for automatic firearms
GB562694A (en) * 1943-01-05 1944-07-12 George Herbert Lanchester Improvements in trigger mechanisms for automatic firearms
DE925158C (de) * 1950-10-10 1955-03-14 Fernand Bruneau Selbsttaetige Feuerwaffe mit zurueckziehbarem Lauf und Abzugsvorrichtung fuer Einzel- und Dauerfeuer

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE672472C (de) * 1938-04-17 1939-03-03 Mauser Werke Akt Ges Abzugsvorrichtung mit einem Riegel, der sich mit seinem freien Ende unter dem Druck des gespannten Schlagbolzens auf dem oberen Ende des nach oben gerichteten Armes eines Abstuetzhebels abstuetzt
US2432486A (en) * 1942-08-17 1947-12-09 Patchett George William Fire controlling mechanism for automatic firearms
GB573029A (en) * 1943-09-14 1945-11-02 George Herbert Lanchester Improvements in trigger mechanisms for automatic firearms
US2785605A (en) * 1951-04-17 1957-03-19 Sarl Gevarm Firing mechanism for automatic rifles
US2909100A (en) * 1956-12-14 1959-10-20 Kennerley-Tayler Horace Trigger mechanism for firearms

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3358560A (en) * 1965-05-07 1967-12-19 Sterling Eng Co Ltd Trigger mechanism for use with automatic firearms
US4833970A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-05-30 Gary Wilhelm Submachine gun
US5705763A (en) * 1996-07-18 1998-01-06 Leon; Jorge A. Fire selector system for selecting between automatic and semi-automatic operation of a gun
CN113945114A (zh) * 2021-07-06 2022-01-18 重庆建设工业(集团)有限责任公司 一种机枪发射机
CN113945114B (zh) * 2021-07-06 2023-01-20 重庆建设工业(集团)有限责任公司 一种机枪发射机

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BE567242A (US06252093-20010626-C00008.png)
DE1129872B (de) 1962-05-17
GB834835A (en) 1960-05-11

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