US2989685A - Regulating transformer - Google Patents

Regulating transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
US2989685A
US2989685A US672457A US67245757A US2989685A US 2989685 A US2989685 A US 2989685A US 672457 A US672457 A US 672457A US 67245757 A US67245757 A US 67245757A US 2989685 A US2989685 A US 2989685A
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Prior art keywords
transformer
phase
voltage
winding
windings
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Expired - Lifetime
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US672457A
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English (en)
Inventor
Werner A Kollmann
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ELIN AG fur ELEK SCHE IND
ELIN AG fur ELEKTRISCHE INDUSTRIE
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ELIN AG fur ELEK SCHE IND
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/10—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers
    • H02M5/12—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers for conversion of voltage or current amplitude only

Definitions

  • This invention relates to three-phase transformers and particularly to three-phase transformers consisting of a main transformer and regulating one-phase transformers.
  • the voltage control on transmission lines may be obtained by tapping one side of the feeding transformer and change its ratio by a usual tap-changing equipment to adapt the voltage to the varying requirements of the load.
  • a series transformer auxiliary transformer connected in series to the main transformer
  • Such series transformers are separated from the main transformer or may be located within the main transformer tank saving in this way bushings for the connecting leads.
  • a regulable three-phase series transformer replaces the regulating windings of a directly regulated transformer and, for a small regulating range, said series transformer, in general, may be placed yet within the tank of the main transformer preferably on its smaller side.
  • said series transformer in general, may be placed yet within the tank of the main transformer preferably on its smaller side.
  • a three-phase series transformer becomes to broad, so that difficulties result in view of the loading gauge if an installation within a common tank is desired.
  • a larger (longer) tank and therefore an increased but to a great extent not utilized tank volume will result from such an arrangement.
  • FIGURE 1 is the vector diagram for grounding adjustments of a star-star transformer with tertiary winding using, series transformers in Scott connection according to this invention
  • FIGURE la is the vector diagram for the nonregulated main transformer winding
  • FIGURE lb is the vector diagram for the main transformer winding with regulated grounds
  • FIGURE is the vector diagram of the delta-connected tertiary winding of the main transformer
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 show circuit diagrams for regulation in conformity with the vector diagrams of FIGURE 1, FIGURE 2 for a regulation using three taps, and FIGURE 3 for a regulation for boosting and bucking the scrim windings and using only two taps;
  • FIGURE 4 shows the circuit diagram of a zigzagconnected choke, the object of which shall be explained later;
  • FIGURE 5 shows the spatial arrangement of the main transformer and the series transformers in a common tank
  • FIGURE 6 shows the vector diagram for a regulation according to this invention when the winding to be regulated is zigzag-connected;
  • FIGURE 7 shows vector diagrams for ground regulation according to this invention using a V-connection
  • FIGURE 8 shows the circuit diagram for regulation in conformity with the vector diagrams of FIGURES 7a and b;
  • FIGURES 9, 11 and 13 show vector diagrams for the application of the inventive idea when the winding to be regulated is connected in delta;
  • FIGURES 10, 12 and 14 show the circuit diagrams for regulation in conformity with the vector diagrams of FIGURES 9, l1 and 13, respectively, and
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram showing the circuit of FIG. 2 when used with a five-legged transformer.
  • circuit diagrams are so laid out that the directions of the coil axes in all instances coincide with the directions of the vectors of the voltages induced therein.
  • parallel coils are arranged on the same core, and traversed by the same flux, even though this may not be indicated. Consequently, the terminals of the coils correspond to the terminals of the associated voltage vectors in the corresponding vector diagram.
  • U V W are the terminals of a starconnected, non regulated primary winding of a main transformer
  • U V W the terminals of its regulated secondary winding consisting of basic winding sections 1', 1", 1" and of winding sections 2, 2", 2! which may be switched in.
  • a tapped secondary winding of a teaser transformer H of a Scott connection In series with the main transformer secondary windings 1" and 2" lies a tapped secondary winding of a teaser transformer H of a Scott connection, and in series with the main transformer secondary windings 1, and 1" are two secondary windings having an equal number of turns of the main transformer B of the Scott connection.
  • the primary windings of the teaser transformer and the main transformer are fed by a tertiary winding of the main transformer having terminals U V W in such a way that the voltage vectors of the regulated main transformer windings, of the Scott-teaser transformer and of the Scott-main transformer add geometrically as is seen in FIGURE 1b.
  • the voltage of the teaser transformer H is in phase with the voltage induced in the winding having the terminal V
  • the voltage of the Scott main transformer B is in phase with the voltage between the terminal W and the midpoint of the winding having the terminal V
  • the secondary windings of the teaser transformer and of the Scott main transformer are controllable by the variable taps St St St All three variable taps are conductively connected.
  • the secondary voltage of the teaser transformer H regulated by the position of the tap S5, is divided in the ratio 1 to 2 by a choke Dr in parallel to the active part in-circuit section of the secondary winding of the teaser transformer.
  • the tap point M of the choke is grounded.
  • FIGURE 3 shows a modification of the regulation according to this invention also for ground regulation and using a Scott connection.
  • U V W U V W and U V W the terminals of the three main transformer windings, and B and H the main transformer and the teaser transformer, respectively, of the Scott connection.
  • the primary windings of the main transformer and of the teaser transformer are fed as in 2,989, ass
  • the circuit according to FIGURE 3 differs from the circuit according to FIGURE 2 in that the voltage of the Scott main transformer is not divided by using two secondary windings of equal number of turns and conductively connected by adjustable taps but by a choke Dr, dividing the adjusted secondary voltage of the Scott main transformer in the ratio of l to l.
  • the ground of the regulated system is obtained using again a voltage divider choke Dr which subdivides the adjusted secondary voltages of the teaser transformer in the ratio of 1 to 2 (tapping point M).
  • the chokes Dr in FIGURES 2 and 3 make available the grounded point as does the choke Dr in FIGURE 3 may be replaced by a zigzag-connected choke, as shown in FIGURE 4.
  • the terminals X, Y, Z, M of such a zigzag choke would have to be connected to the corresponding terminals of the circuits of FIGURES 2 and 3.
  • the neutral point M of said choke brought out to a terminal is then the ground of the regulated system.
  • the secondary winding of the teaser transformer 4 has to be dimensioned for only /3 of the teaser transformer voltage required without using such a zigzag coil.
  • FIGURE 6 shows the vector diagram for such a regulation
  • FIGURE 6' and the circuit diagram belonging thereto is identical with one of the circuit diagrams of FIGURE 2 or 3, with exception of the zigzag connection of the regulated winding.
  • FIGURES 7 and 8 show a two-winding transformer having non regulated primary windings with terminals U V W and reguilated secondary windings with terminals U V W each phase of the latter consisting respectively of a part 1', 1", 1'.
  • the adjustable secondary windings of two series transformers ZT and ZT are connected to two additional sections (in the circuit diagram to the additional sections of the phases U and W;,), the primary windings of which are fed by interlinked voltages of the non-regulated main transformer primary.
  • the phase relations of the feeding voltages are seen from the vector diagram FIGURE 7b.
  • the secondary windings of the series transformers ZT and ZT are adjusted by the adjustable taps St and St
  • the latter are conductively connected and also to the third phase V Also for such a regulation it is possible to obtain a ground by using a zigzag choke.
  • FIGURES 10 and 12 show circuit diagrams for such a case and FIGURES 9 and 11 the vector diagrams belonging thereto.
  • voltages are added, to the interlinked voltages of the windings having the terminals U V W
  • the added voltages are identical with the main transformer voltage and the teaser transformer voltage of a Scott connection, with regard to their phase position and also to their magnitude.
  • a voltage having a 180 phase shift relative to the voltage of phase U is inserted between the basic windings of the phases V W by the secondary winding of the series transformer B.
  • a voltage having the phase position of the interlinked voltage of the phases V W is added by the second-ary winding of the series transformer H.
  • the mid point is obtained by tapping the primary winding of an auxiliary transformer HT parallel to the effective part of the second-ary w-indingof the series transformer B.
  • the adjustable taps designated by S1 and St According to the circuit diagram of FIGURE 14 and the vector diagram of FIGURE 13 belonging thereto, an additional voltage in phase with the voltage of the phase V is added to the voltage of hte basic winding of the phase U by the series transformer ZT and there is also added an additional voltage in phase with the voltage of the phase V to the voltage of the basic winding of the; phase W by the series transformer 2T
  • the adjustable taps are designated by S1 and St Furthermore, it: is supposed that the primary sides of the series trans-- formers are fed by the basic winding parts of the regulated winding. Of course, the primary sides of the series transformers may also be fed by the non regulated transformer side, as it is the case in the circuit of FIGURE 8.
  • the advantages of a regulation according to this invention especially consist in a better use of the volume of the tank containing the main transformer and the series transformers, because it is possible to provide the two single-phase series transformers on the smaller side of the tank by placing them one upon another, without exceeding the loading gauge for the breadth, as is schematically shown in FIGURE 5.
  • a connection according to FIGURES 3, 8, l2 and 14 one phase of the expensive regulating switch can moreover be saved.
  • a regulating switch shorter in length and therefore'a further saving of tank volume are the welcome results of such connections.
  • a further important advantage is the fact that the conductors leading from the series transformers to the adjustable taps placed immediately near them or over them become short. In this way there are also avoided the regulating leads along the longer side of the transformer tank which require too much tank volume owing to the voltage clearances necessary between said leads and the tank wall and the neighbouring legs and which cause additional losses in the tank walls.
  • the main transformer illustrated in FIG. 15 has a five-legged core. Thus it is possible to dispense with a separate main transformer of theseries in the Scott eir-..
  • This winding is placed on one outer leg of the five-legged transformer as shown. Alternatively, both outer legs may be used (not shown).
  • the magnetic flux in the outer legs is in the required phase for the Scott main transformer without any forced excitation from a tertiary winding, provided the magnetic reluctances are evenly distributed. Alternatively forced excitation may be used.
  • This invention is also applicable if two windings of the main transformer are to be controlled.
  • the series transformers and the tap changers may then be placed on both small sides of the main transformer. If a five-legged main transformer core is provided, each outer leg may carry the windings of at Scott main transformer.
  • a circuit for regulating transformers for three-phase circuits comprising a three-phase power transformer, having at least primary and secondary windings, two singlephase transformers and adjustable taps, said three-phase power transformer having a constant ratio of transformation, each of said two single-phase transformers having a primary and a secondary winding, said latter secondary windings being adjustable by said adjustable taps, the secondary windings of said single-phase transformers being connected in series with said secondary windings of said three-phase power transformer, said primary windings of said single-phase transformers being fed from said three-phase power transformer, the phase of the voltages feeding the primary windings of said single-phase transformers being selected and the magnitude of the secondary voltages of said. single-phase transformers adjusted by said taps to render the regulated circuit a symmetrical system.
  • a circuit for regulating transformers according to claim 1 in which said two single-phase transformers are inserted into the regulated circuit as a Scott connection, one being a teaser transformer, the other a main tran former.
  • a circuit for regulating transformers according to claim 1 in which said two single-phase transformers are inserted into the regulated circuit in the manner of a V-connection (open delta connection).
  • a circuit for regulating transformers according to claim 5' further comprising a choke, said choke being connected in parallel to the effective section of said secondary windings of the teaser transformer, and said choke having a 33.3 percent tap forming the ground of the regulated circuit.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
US672457A 1956-07-27 1957-07-17 Regulating transformer Expired - Lifetime US2989685A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3621376A (en) * 1969-04-28 1971-11-16 Gen Electric Co Ltd A polyphase network voltage-stabilizing arrangement utilizing saturated reactors
US3671901A (en) * 1970-01-19 1972-06-20 Jacques Francois Marie Joseph Anti-harmonic transformer

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1847920A (en) * 1930-04-19 1932-03-01 Gen Electric Voltage regulating method and system
US2723352A (en) * 1953-04-22 1955-11-08 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Polyphase regulating system for obtaining balanced voltages

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE651005C (de) * 1929-07-29 1937-10-06 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Mehrphasentransformatoranordnung zur Regelung der Netzspannung nach Groesse und Phase
CH155236A (de) * 1929-12-12 1932-06-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Reguliertransformatorgruppe für Drehstromnetze.
DE544912C (de) * 1930-01-17 1932-02-24 Aeg Schaltung fuer einen mit einem Haupttransformator zusammenarbeitenden, in Dreieck geschalteten, an das Netz angeschlossenen Reguliertransformator
CH161944A (de) * 1931-03-18 1933-05-31 Aeg Transformator zur Regelung von Dreiphasennetzen.
DE622447C (de) * 1931-03-19 1935-11-28 Aeg Transformator zur Regelung der Spannungen in Dreiphasenanlagen unter Beibehaltung der Symmetrie
DE730286C (de) * 1933-07-22 1943-01-08 Koch & Sterzel Ag Aus zwei in Scottschaltung betriebenen Einphasen-Schubtransformatoren bestehender Drehstrom-Regeltransformatorsatz

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1847920A (en) * 1930-04-19 1932-03-01 Gen Electric Voltage regulating method and system
US2723352A (en) * 1953-04-22 1955-11-08 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Polyphase regulating system for obtaining balanced voltages

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3621376A (en) * 1969-04-28 1971-11-16 Gen Electric Co Ltd A polyphase network voltage-stabilizing arrangement utilizing saturated reactors
US3671901A (en) * 1970-01-19 1972-06-20 Jacques Francois Marie Joseph Anti-harmonic transformer

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DE1086797B (de) 1960-08-11

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