US2981201A

US2981201A - Piston machine

Info

Publication number: US2981201A
Application number: US757565A
Authority: US
Inventors: Holdener Simeon
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1957-09-10
Filing date: 1958-08-27
Publication date: 1961-04-25
Anticipated expiration: 1978-04-25

Description

April 25, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 27, 1958 -LLE April 25, 1961 s. HOLDENER 2,981,201

PISTON MACHINE Filed Aug. 27, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PISTON MACHINE Simeon Holdener, 3 Postgasse, Wolfhausen, Switzerland Filed Aug. 27, 1958, Ser. No. 757,565 Claims priority, application Switzerland Sept..10, 1957 Claims. (Cl. 103-163) The present invention relates to a piston machine, having at least two radially directed pistons rigidly arranged on an eccentric ring and slidable in cylinders, which are guided so as to be tangentially displaceable and which control, upon such displacement, openings communicating with annular channels for the pressure medium inlet and outlet. Such a piston machine may be used as a pump as well as a motor. It controls itself automatically, is self-sucking as a pump and may be operated in any position and in any direction of rotation.

According to the present invention in such a piston machine the annular channels are provided on the two front sides of an annular channel body and are covered by packings and cover plates secured to the front sides. Owing to this arrangement the piston machine according to the invention is of a space-saving, compact and strong construction and it is free of delicate details. It combines the advantages of the centrifugal machines as far as compact construction is concerned withthose of the piston machine with respect to forced movement. 1

Should it have four or more pistons it is possible to obtain, when working it as a pump, anon-pulsating pump stream similar, for example, to that of a centrifugal pump. Themachine thus operates without dead point.

fatefi Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description now to follow, of a preferred embodiment thereof, given by way of example and in which reference will be made to the accompanying drawing, in which: 7

Figure 1 is a cross-section through a four-piston machine, whereby the annular channel body is illustrated partly in lateral view and partly in cross-section.

Figure 2 is an axial section through the machine taken along the line 11-11 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a partial view to Figure 2, seen from the right of the latter.

Figure 4 is a section taken along the line IVIV of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a section taken along the line V-V of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a section turned about 90 to that of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a view of the support shown in Figures 5 and 6.

Figure 8 is a plan view of the guiding balls with cage.

Figures 9 and 10 are sections taken along the lines IXIX and XX, respectively, of Figure 8.

Figure 11 is asection through'one of the displaceable cylinders.

Figure 12 is a front view of Figure 11.

Figure 13 is a side view of a slide part provided with arcuate openings, and

Figure 14 is a front view to Figure 13.

Referring to the drawings reference numeral 1 designates in Figure 2 the driving shaft arranged over roller bearings 2 in a bearing bush 3 and carrying a drive wheel 4. This shaft is provided with an eccentrically disposed crank pin 5 on which is arranged, by a roller bearing 6 sealed by packing rings 7, a non-rotatable eccentric ring 8. Four cross-wise arranged pistons 9 are made of one outer surface 15 of the support 12 there is provided a.

ball guide

16, 17, the balls 16 of which being arranged in a cage 17 as is visible from Figures 8-10. The support is secured. to the cover 20 of the machine by means of a pair of screw bolts 18 and nuts 19. A further screw bolt 21 screwed into the cover 20 carries an eccentric head 22 engaging a groove 23 (Figures 2 and 7) in the middle of the support ,12. At the outer end the bolt 21 has a slot 24 for a screw driver and a nut 25 serves to secure the bolt 21 in the adjusted position. Upon release of the nut 25 the bolt 21 may be turned by a screw driver in order to adjust the support 12 by means of the eccentric head 22. The outer surface of the flange 13 of the cylinder 10 is hardened and ground and slides on a surface 27 of a flange 28 of an exchangeable insert 31. The outer surface of flange 28 is also hardened and ground.

Flanges

13 and 28 define cooperating sealing surfaces, flange 28 forming the stationary slide part, while the movable slide part is formed by the flange 13. The flange 28 is provided with two diametrically arranged arcuate openings 29, 30 (Figures 4 and 14) which upon each half revolution of the crank pin 5 are opened and closed, respectively, by the cylinder flange 13. In the middle position of the cylinder 10 both

openings

29, 30 are closed. The exchangeable insert 31 is rigidly arranged in a boring 32 of an annular channel body 33. In this annular channel body 33 there is formed on each front side an

annular channel

34 and 35, respectively, the channel 34 communicating over connecting conduits with the openings 29 of the slides and the channel 35 communicating over connecting conduits with the openings 30. Each of the two

channels

34, 35 ends in a pressure medium inlet and a

pressure medium outlet

36, and 37, respectively. The annular channel 34 is closed toward the exterior by the cover 20 and a packing 38 and the annular channel 35 by the flange 39 of the bush 3 and a packing 40. The cover 20 and the flange 39 are pressed and held together by screw bolts 41 and nuts 42.

For placing the machine there may be provided feet 43 as indicated in dot-and-dash lines in Figure 1. These feet may be replaced by lugs arranged at any desired place or the machine may be directly flanged to a motor.

As is easily understood in the described machine the pistons 9 follow the crank rotation of the crank pin 5 and the cylinders 10 are tangentially moved to and fro and thereby automatically control the slides for the inlet and outlet of the pressure medium. The machine may be operated as a motor or as a pump in any direction a of rotation. Operated as a pump it is self-sucking and produces a non-pulsating pump stream.

The described machine, owing to its construction, provides a high efliciency for each pressure ratio more particularly with regard to that of centrifugal machines.

The duration of lifeis greatly extended for the natural bearing Wear, as only hardened and ground slide bodies contact each other and these bodies may be adjusted.

Patented Apr. 2 5, .1961

on said crank pin, at least two radially outward directed pistons fixed on said eccentric ring, cylinders in which the said pistons are slidable, an annular body positioned outwardly of said cylinders, cover *plates arranged on both front sides of the annular body, guiding supports secured between the cover plates for guiding the cylinders so as to be tangentially displaceable, means carried by said annular body having control openings for cooperation with the cylinders, an annular channel formed in each of the two opposite front sides of the annular body and communicating with said control ope-nings, a pressure medium inlet communicating withv the annular channel in one front side of said annular body and a pressure medium outlet communicating with the annular channel in the opposite front side of said annular body and packing means between the front sides of said annular body and the insides of the cover plates for sealing said annular channels.

2. A piston machine for use as a pump or motor, comprising a rotatable shaft having an eccentrically disposed crank pin, a non-rotatable eccentric ring mounted on said crank pin, at least two radially outward directed pistons fixed on said eccentric ring, cylinders in which the said pistons are slidable, an annular body positioned outwardly on said cylinders, cover plates arranged on both front sides of the annular body, guiding supports secured between the cover plates for guiding the cylinders so as to be tangentially displaceable, means carried by said annular body having control openings for cooperation with the cylinders, cooperating sealing surfaces on the said cylinders and the said means having control openings, said guiding supports positioned to press said cylinders against said sealing surfaces, individually adjustable means acting on said supports for adjusting the pressure exerted by said cylinders on said sealing surfaces, an annular channel formed in each of the two opposite front sides of the annular body and communicating with said control openings, a pressure medium inlet communicating with the annular channel in one front side of said annular body and a pressure medi um outlet communicating with the annular channel in the opposite front side of said annular body and packing means between the front sides of said annular body and the insides of the cover plates for sealing said annular channels.

3. A piston machine for use as a pump or motor, comprising a rotatable shaft having an eccentrically dis posed crank pin, a non-rotatable eccentric ring mounted on said crank pin, at least two radially outward directed pistons fixed on said eccentric ring, cylinders in which the said pistons are slidable, an annular body positioned outwardly of said cylinders, cover plates arranged on both front sides of the annular body, guiding supports secured between the cover plates for guiding the cylinders so as to be tangentially displaceable, exchangeable inserts mounted on said annular body, cooperating sealing surfaces on said inserts and on said cylinders, control openings in said inserts for cooperation with the cylinders, an annular channel formed in each of the two opposite front sides of the annular body and communicating with said control openings, a pressure medium inlet communicating with the annular channel in one front side of said annular body and a pressure medium outlet communicating with the annular channel in the opposite front side of said annular body and packing means between the front sides of said annular body and the insides of the cover plates for sealing said annular channels.

4. A piston machine for use as a pump or motor, comprising a rotatable shaft having an eccentrically disposed crank pin, a non-rotatable eccentric ring mounted on said crank pin, at least two radially outward directed pistons fixed on said eccentric ring, cylinders in which the said pistons are slidable, an annular body positioned outwardly of said cylinders, cover plates arranged on both front'sides of the annular body, guiding supports securedbetween the cover plates for guiding the cylinders so as to be tangentially displaceable, exchangeable inserts mounted on said annular body, cooperating sealing surfaces on said inserts and on said cylinders, control openings in said inserts for cooperation with the cylinders, said guiding supports positioned to press said cylinders against said sealing surfaces, individually adjustable means acting on said supports for adjusting the pressure exerted by said cylinders on said sealing surfaces, an annular channel formed in each of the two opposite front sides of the annular body and communicating with said control openings, a pressure medium inlet communicating with the annular channel in one front side of said annular body and a pressure medium outlet communicating with the annular channel in the opposite front side of said annular body and packing means between the front sides of said annular body and the insides of the cover plates for sealing said annular channels-i 5. A piston machine for use as a pump or motor, comprising a rotatable shaft having an eccentrically disposed crank pin, a non-rotatable eccentric ring mounted on said crank pin, at least two radially outward directed piston fixed on said eccentric ring, cylinders in which the said pistons are slidable, an annular body positioned outwardly of said cylinders, cover plates arranged on both front sides of the annular body, guiding supports secured between the cover plates for guiding the cylinders so as to be tangentially displaceable, exchangeable inserts mounted on said annular body, cooperating sealing surfaces on said inserts and on said cylinders, control openings in said inserts for cooperation with the cylinders,

said guiding supports positioned to press said cylinders against said sealing surfaces, rotatably adjustable screw bolts having an eccentric head acting on said supports for individually adjusting the pressure exerted by said cylinders on said sealing surfaces, an annular channel formed in each of the two opposite front sides of the annular body and communicating with said control openings, a pressure medium inlet communicating with the annular channel in one front side of said annular body and a pressure medium outlet communicating with the annular channel in the opposite front side of said annular body and packing means between the front sides of said annular body and the insides of the cover plates for sealing said annular channels.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,349,667 Gogalinski Aug. 17, 1920 1,455,035 White May 15, 1923 2,475,458 Orshansky July 5, 1949 2,836,120 ,Navarro May 27, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 376,882 Great Britain July 21, 1932