US2974649A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US2974649A
US2974649A US232586A US23258651A US2974649A US 2974649 A US2974649 A US 2974649A US 232586 A US232586 A US 232586A US 23258651 A US23258651 A US 23258651A US 2974649 A US2974649 A US 2974649A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wall portions
fluid
along
tubes
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US232586A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rossi Giovanni
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US2974649A publication Critical patent/US2974649A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/06—Glass compositions containing silica with more than 90% silica by weight, e.g. quartz
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
    • C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
    • C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
    • C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
    • C03C3/093—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B17/00—Water-tube boilers of horizontally-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being inclined slightly with respect to the horizontal plane
    • F22B17/10—Water-tube boilers of horizontally-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being inclined slightly with respect to the horizontal plane built-up from water-tube sets in abutting connection with two sectional headers each for every set, i.e. with headers in a number of sections across the width or height of the boiler
    • F22B17/12—Water-tube boilers of horizontally-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being inclined slightly with respect to the horizontal plane built-up from water-tube sets in abutting connection with two sectional headers each for every set, i.e. with headers in a number of sections across the width or height of the boiler the sectional headers being in vertical or substantially-vertical arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/34—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
    • F22B37/28—Steam-separating arrangements involving reversal of direction of flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/02—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters with water tubes arranged in the boiler furnace, fire tubes or flue ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0041—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having parts touching each other or tubes assembled in panel form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/302—Vessels; Containers characterised by the material of the vessel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2201/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
    • C03C2201/08—Doped silica-based glasses containing boron or halide
    • C03C2201/10—Doped silica-based glasses containing boron or halide containing boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2201/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
    • C03C2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals
    • C03C2201/32—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2201/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
    • C03C2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals
    • C03C2201/40—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals containing transition metals other than rare earth metals, e.g. Zr, Nb, Ta or Zn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2201/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
    • C03C2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals
    • C03C2201/54—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals containing beryllium, magnesium or alkaline earth metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2203/00—Production processes
    • C03C2203/10—Melting processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heat exchangers. With known heat exchangers made up of spaced tubes,
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to overcome the above drawbacks by providing a heat exchanger which includes the characteristic advantages of tubular heat exchanger elements and at the same time provides ber of bales for directing liuid in a desired direction.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a heat exhcanger which increases the rate of fluid ow in the direction of fluid flow so that as the temperature of the fluid decerases its rate of movement increases to compensate for a drop in the temperature of the iluid.
  • the present invention mainly consists of a heat exchanger appaartus which includes a plurality of spaced walls each of which is made up of a plurality of parallel tubes engaging each other along the lengths thereof and extending in a direction perpendicular to the ⁇ direction of a fluid owing between the spaced walls sa as to provide a turbulence in this iluid.
  • the spaced walls define for this fluid a passage which de-V creases in cross-section in the direction of fluid flow so that the rate of lluid ow increases in the direction of fluid llow to compensate for a drop in the temperature of the fluid.
  • Fig. 1 is in elevationalview of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 1 showing the structure of Fig. ⁇ 3 las seen from the lower side of Fig. 2 with the lower wall of Fig. 2 removed to show the arrangement of tubes behind this wall; and
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus down in Fig. 1
  • the heat exchanger apparatus of the present invention comprises a plurality ,of spaced heat exchanging walls 14 which are adapted to guide a first fluid or the hot combustion gases produced inY a combustion chamber, not
  • V The walls 14 are eachmade up of a plurality of parallel, vertically extending tubes which engage each other along the lengths thereof and which are'connected at the top and bottom ends to headers 15.
  • the headers 15 have articless 17 located in the interior thereof so that thewater or other liquid in the tubes move in the direction of arrows Vshown inv Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the heat exchanger walls 14 are respectively located along planes which converge towards each other in the direction of iluid ow so that the spaces between the wall portions 14 decrease in the direction of fluid ilow, whereby the speed o-f Vflow* ofthe hot combustion gases is increased as these gases flow along the wall portions 14 so that the gases are compelled to move with increasing speed through the decerasing spaces to compensate for the drop in temperature of the gases as they approach the right ends of thev wall portions as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2, that is, as the gases move towards the chimney not shown in the drawings.
  • the wall portions 14 are formed from the plurality of parallel tubes which engage each other along the length thereof, the outer surfaces of these wall portions will be similar to liuted or Ycorrugated surfaces so as to promote turbulence in the gases owing through the spaces between the wall portions in a direction normal to the direction in which the tubes extend.
  • This turbulence in the hot combustion gases flowing between the wall portions and the increasing speed with which these hot gases are forced to flow between the walls 14 increase in a highly novel manner the heat exchange between the first duid or the combustion gases flowing between the wall portions 14 and the second fluid located in the tubes from which the wall portions 14 are formed.
  • Heat exchanger apparatus comprising, in combination, a pair of spaced wall portions located opposite each other and adapted to guide a lirst fluid along a predetermined path extending from one end of said wall portions to an opposite end of said wall portions along the space therebetween, each of said wall portions comprising a plurality of tubes which engage each other along the 3 length thereof and extend in a direction normal to said predetermined path so as to present to said rst uid a corrugated surface whose corrugations are no1-mal to said path, whereby a.
  • .turbulence is produced in -said first uid by said wall portionsto -enhance the heat transfer between said first uid and a second Huid in said tubes of said wall portions, said wall portions gradually approaching .each other from said one end thereof to said opposite end thereof along said predetermined path so that the space between said wall portions decreases, whereby the speed of flow of said rst uid is increased along said path to enhance the heat exchange with said second uid as the temperature of said rst uid decreases.
  • Heat exchanger apparatus comprising, in combina- 15 tion, a pair of'spaced wall portions located opposite each other and adapted to guide a rst iuid along a predetermined path extending from one end of said wall portions to an opposite end of said wall portions along the space therebetween, each of said wall portions comprsin-g a plurality of tubes which engage each other along the length thereof and extend in a direction normal to said predetermined path so as to present to said irst uid a corrugated surface whose corrugations are normal to said path, whereby a turbulence is produced by said rst Huid by said wall portions to enhance the heat transfer between said rst uid and a second nid in said tubes of said wall portions, said wall portions being located in nonparallel planes so that said wall portions gradually approach each other from said one end thereof to said opposite end thereof along said predetermined path so that the space between said wall portions decreases, whereby the speed of flow of said first fluid is

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US232586A 1950-06-21 1951-06-20 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US2974649A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2974649X 1950-06-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2974649A true US2974649A (en) 1961-03-14

Family

ID=41351686

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US232586A Expired - Lifetime US2974649A (en) 1950-06-21 1951-06-20 Heat exchanger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2974649A (d)
BE (1) BE504062A (d)
CH (1) CH340517A (d)
DE (1) DE910544C (d)
FR (1) FR1038837A (d)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1163853B (de) * 1960-03-26 1964-02-27 Henschel Werke Ag Stehender Dampferzeuger mit Naturumlauf und mit lotrechten Wasserrohren
CH398183A (de) * 1962-09-03 1965-08-31 Escher Wyss Ag Gaserhitzer mit parallel verlaufenden Brennkammerrohren, die in einem Kranz angeordnet sind
GB1046094A (en) * 1964-05-25 1966-10-19 Fylde Water Board Improvements in or relating to refrigerating tanks
NL8004805A (nl) * 1980-08-26 1982-04-01 Bronswerk Ketel Apparatenbouw Warmtewisselaar voor een gasvormig en een vloeibaar medium.
FR2812719B1 (fr) * 2000-08-04 2002-12-06 Ciat Sa Echangeur de chaleur tubulaire, utilisation de cet echangeur, et tube d'echange thermique appartenant a cet echangeur

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US639952A (en) * 1897-12-22 1899-12-26 John Edward Thornycroft Steam-generator.
FR396047A (fr) * 1908-11-07 1909-03-30 Ernest Eugene Guillery Générateur pour vapeur et eau chaude
US2030265A (en) * 1931-06-12 1936-02-11 Nygaard Johan Olsen Water tube boiler
US2169086A (en) * 1937-08-07 1939-08-08 Auer Gustavus Pipe still
CH256654A (fr) * 1945-07-23 1948-08-31 Bouellat Paul Chaudière.
FR941258A (fr) * 1939-10-20 1949-01-06 Chaudière de production d'eau chaude, notamment pour installations de chauffage central
US2529611A (en) * 1945-10-22 1950-11-14 Floyd L Kallam Water-tube boiler

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH265298A (it) * 1946-11-20 1949-11-30 Rossi Giovanni Ing Dr Generatore di vapore.

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US639952A (en) * 1897-12-22 1899-12-26 John Edward Thornycroft Steam-generator.
FR396047A (fr) * 1908-11-07 1909-03-30 Ernest Eugene Guillery Générateur pour vapeur et eau chaude
US2030265A (en) * 1931-06-12 1936-02-11 Nygaard Johan Olsen Water tube boiler
US2169086A (en) * 1937-08-07 1939-08-08 Auer Gustavus Pipe still
FR941258A (fr) * 1939-10-20 1949-01-06 Chaudière de production d'eau chaude, notamment pour installations de chauffage central
CH256654A (fr) * 1945-07-23 1948-08-31 Bouellat Paul Chaudière.
US2529611A (en) * 1945-10-22 1950-11-14 Floyd L Kallam Water-tube boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1038837A (fr) 1953-10-01
CH340517A (fr) 1959-08-31
BE504062A (d)
DE910544C (de) 1954-05-03

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