US2962935A - Recoil and buffer spring assembly for automatic fire arms - Google Patents

Recoil and buffer spring assembly for automatic fire arms Download PDF

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Publication number
US2962935A
US2962935A US703537A US70353757A US2962935A US 2962935 A US2962935 A US 2962935A US 703537 A US703537 A US 703537A US 70353757 A US70353757 A US 70353757A US 2962935 A US2962935 A US 2962935A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
recoil
spring
gun
automatic fire
buffer spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US703537A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hepperle Erwin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG filed Critical Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2962935A publication Critical patent/US2962935A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F41A25/10—Spring-operated systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A25/00—Gun mountings permitting recoil or return to battery, e.g. gun cradles; Barrel buffers or brakes
    • F41A25/06—Friction-operated systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automatic fire arms are more particularly to recoil spring arrangements thereof.
  • recoil spring arrangements For reliability in operation and accuracy in firing one has endeavoured to attain by suitable measures a uniform and jerk-free course of the recoil movements of automatic recoiling guns, in such a manner that these movements repeat themselves uniformly after each shot and accordingly each recoil starts under equal conditions. It is known that this can be achieved by the combined use of a recoil spring and a hydraulic brake acting on the gun when the latter is moving forward.
  • the present invention has the principal object of attaining a uniform course free from jerks of the recoiland advance-movements thereof. It is another object of the present invention to provide a recoil spring mechanism which is light in weight, insensitive to variations in temperature and requiring little servicing, if any.
  • an automatic fire arm comprising in combination: a gun structure, a gun mounted reciprocatably in the said structure and having a barrel and a plurality of cartridge chambers consecutively brought in alignment with the said barrel, at least two friction ring springs interposed preloaded between the said structure and the said gun and having a steeper spring characteristic upon compression than upon expansion, one of the said springs cushioning the recoil of the said gun as a recoil spring and another cushioning the advance of said gun as a buffer spring, the pre-loading of the said springs being so dimensioned, that during the greater part of the recoil and advance of the said gun the said friction ring springs impart opposite spring forces to the said gun.
  • Fig. l is a diagrammatic illustration of a revolver gun sprung according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the components of the revolver gun according to Fig. l forming the recoil spring arrangement, on a larger scale.
  • Fig. 3 is a working graph of the recoil spring arrangement according to Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the barrel 1 is inserted by means of a bayonet joint in the casing 2 of the gun 19, wherein also the revolver drum 3 provided with the cartridge chamber is mounted rotatably.
  • a cartridge 4 which is contained in a cartridge chamber positioned behind the 2,952,935 Patented Dec. 6, 1960 barrel 1, bears, when fired, on the wall 5 of the casing 2 and transmits the recoil forces on to the same.
  • a bore 6 gas is passed from the barrel to a piston 7, which in a known manner operates the carriage 8 setting the drum in rotation.
  • the gas tapping piece 10 is fixedly clamped to the casing 2 by means of nut 11.
  • a friction ring spring 12 abuts on the one hand this gas tapping piece 10, and on the other hand a flange 14 of a cylinder 13.
  • a ring flange 15 of this cylinder is fixedly connected by screw bolts 16 to the structure 17, for example of an aircraft, the same as the guides 9 illustrated in Fig. 1, wherein the weapon is mounted.
  • the friction ring spring 12 acts on the casing 2 in the direction of the shot, while a second friction ring spring 18, which is arranged co-axially to the first mentioned one and likewise bears on the cylinder 13 and on the casing 2, acts on the latter in the opposite direction.
  • the casing comprises the casing part 2 and the gas tapping piece 10.
  • the line FD indicates the course of the force of the spring 18 during the recoil of the gun, and the line DE the course of the force of this spring during the forward movement thereof.
  • a and 2 two springing positions are denoted which mark for example two abutments between which the gun can oscillate to-and-fro.
  • the gun When the gun recoils after a shot, for example from the position illustrated in Fig. 2, in which the springs are in the springing position marked 0 in Fig. 3, it is opposed by the force resulting from the co-operation of the two springs according to the line GHJ until its rear reversal point is reached at the spring position 1; in the subsequent course the gun is initially accelerated by a force, which is small as compared with that acting during the rec-oil and which decreases to zero value along the line KLM, and is then braked smoothly and without jerk by a force increasing according to the line M-N.
  • the gun advancing at a low rate will come to a standstill either under the action of the recoil forces occurring at the next shot, for example at the springing position denoted d and then recoil again, or will be braked to a standstill at prolonged firing intervals in the springing position 0, whereafter it remains in this position until it is thrown back again by the next recoil.
  • a gun having a recoil spring arrangement according to the present invention when coming to a standstill within the springing range between I) and e will remain in this condition till the impact of the high recoil forces. Movement of the gun in the direction of firing is impossible, since the force of the spring 12 acting in this direction according to the line C--A is smaller in this springing range than the force of the spring 18 opposed to it according to the line DE, and likewise movement opposite the direction of firing is impossible since the force of the spring 18 according to the line FD in this springing range between b and e is also smaller than the force according to the line AB of the spring 12 opposing the same.
  • the recoil spring arrangement according to the present invention completely replaces the combination of spring plus hydraulic brake in that therewith likewise a jerkfree and regular course of the recoil movements as re quired for the faultless functioning of a gun are attained as proved by tests.
  • An automatic firearm comprising in combination a support structure, a gun mounted reciprocatably from a starting position to a rear reversal point in said structure, a first and a second friction ring spring interposed between said structure and said gun, said gun comprising a barrel fixedly connected with a gas tapping piece and a casing,
  • said first friction ring spring being arranged coaxially to said barrel on the inside of said cylinder and abutting on the one hand said gas tapping piece and on the other hand said flange of said cylinder
  • said second friction ring spring being arranged coaxially to said barrel on the outside of said cylinder and acting between said cylinder and said casing, said first and second friction ring springs imparting at least in said starting position simultaneously opposite spring forces to said gun.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
US703537A 1956-12-21 1957-12-18 Recoil and buffer spring assembly for automatic fire arms Expired - Lifetime US2962935A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH829974X 1956-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2962935A true US2962935A (en) 1960-12-06

Family

ID=4540226

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US703537A Expired - Lifetime US2962935A (en) 1956-12-21 1957-12-18 Recoil and buffer spring assembly for automatic fire arms

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2962935A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE563061A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH349192A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1188907A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB829974A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL223063A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3387538A (en) * 1966-09-19 1968-06-11 Browning Ind Inc Barrel recoil structure for firearms
US3410175A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-11-12 Olin Mathieson Recoil assembly for firearm
US3783738A (en) * 1971-03-01 1974-01-08 Vibration Eng And Avions Dassa Recoil absorber
US3894473A (en) * 1971-12-07 1975-07-15 France Etat Mortar adapted for firing from a light vehicle
US20080173168A1 (en) * 2007-01-24 2008-07-24 Fabbrica D'armi Pietro Beretta S.P.A. Short Recoil Semi-Automatic Shotgun

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3660143D1 (en) * 1985-02-21 1988-05-26 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Recuperator brake for an automatic gun

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE695594C (de) * 1931-08-19 1940-08-28 Aeg Anordnung zur Verbesserung der Kommutierung bei Gleichstrom-Gleichstrom-Umformungseinrichtungen
DE717050C (de) * 1933-11-05 1942-02-04 Mauser Werke Ag Maschinenwaffe mit gleitendem Lauf
GB559586A (en) * 1941-08-07 1944-02-25 Spirito Mario Viale An improved self-centering support for gun-barrels
FR1041139A (fr) * 1950-08-23 1953-10-21 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Joint d'étanchéité pour le logement de cartouche dans les armes à feu automatiques à tambour-revolver

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE695594C (de) * 1931-08-19 1940-08-28 Aeg Anordnung zur Verbesserung der Kommutierung bei Gleichstrom-Gleichstrom-Umformungseinrichtungen
DE717050C (de) * 1933-11-05 1942-02-04 Mauser Werke Ag Maschinenwaffe mit gleitendem Lauf
GB559586A (en) * 1941-08-07 1944-02-25 Spirito Mario Viale An improved self-centering support for gun-barrels
FR1041139A (fr) * 1950-08-23 1953-10-21 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Joint d'étanchéité pour le logement de cartouche dans les armes à feu automatiques à tambour-revolver

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3410175A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-11-12 Olin Mathieson Recoil assembly for firearm
US3387538A (en) * 1966-09-19 1968-06-11 Browning Ind Inc Barrel recoil structure for firearms
US3783738A (en) * 1971-03-01 1974-01-08 Vibration Eng And Avions Dassa Recoil absorber
US3894473A (en) * 1971-12-07 1975-07-15 France Etat Mortar adapted for firing from a light vehicle
US20080173168A1 (en) * 2007-01-24 2008-07-24 Fabbrica D'armi Pietro Beretta S.P.A. Short Recoil Semi-Automatic Shotgun
EP1950520A1 (en) * 2007-01-24 2008-07-30 Fabbrica d'Armi Pietro Beretta S.p.A. Short recoil semi-automatic shotgun
US7707923B2 (en) 2007-01-24 2010-05-04 Fabbrica D'armi Pietro Beretta S.P.A. Short recoil semi-automatic shotgun

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1188907A (fr) 1959-09-28
NL96723C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH349192A (de) 1960-09-30
BE563061A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL223063A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB829974A (en) 1960-03-09

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