US2960458A - Process for preparing a multi-grade lubricating oil and product - Google Patents

Process for preparing a multi-grade lubricating oil and product Download PDF

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US2960458A
US2960458A US676039A US67603957A US2960458A US 2960458 A US2960458 A US 2960458A US 676039 A US676039 A US 676039A US 67603957 A US67603957 A US 67603957A US 2960458 A US2960458 A US 2960458A
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grade
viscosity
oil
product
oils
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Beuther Harold
Alfred M Henke
Joseph B Mckinley
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Gulf Research and Development Co
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Gulf Research and Development Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
    • C10G45/44—Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/086—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing sulfur atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/12—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2225/04—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improved procedure for preparting multi-grade or multi-viscosity grade lubricating oils and to improved multi-grade lubricating oil products.
  • the mixture does not have the multi-grade characteristics or lubricity during use that it had prior to use. This of course is an important defect since lowering of the V.I. and viscosity greatly modies the value of the oil as a lubricant. As a matter of fact this change during use results in an oil which cannot properly be called a multi-viscosity grade oil.
  • the invention has for its object to provide procedure for preparing multi-grade oils by hydrogenation of certain petroleum fractions. Another object is to provide procedure for obtaining multi-grade hydrocarbon lubricants in relatively high yields by hydrogen treatment. A further object is to provide procedure for preparing multigrade hydrocarbon lubricants Without utilizing Vl. improving agents. A still further object is to provide improved multi-grade lubricating oils. Other objects will appear hereinafter.
  • a deasphalted residuum having a V.I. of between about 75 and 100 and a viscosity at 210 F. of between about 90 and 200 S.U.S. to treatment with hydrogen at a temperature between about 735 and 825 F., at a pressure above about 2500 p.s,i. and at a space velocity between about 0.4 and 1.5.
  • This treatment with hydrogen is carried out in the presence of a catalyst having both aromatic saturation and ring scission activity.
  • the product from the hydrogen treatment is subjected to dewaxing (when necessary) and is then distilled to yield components which directly, or upon blending with each other, meet the S.A.E.
  • multi-grade lubricating oil product is amenable to conventional lubricating oil additives such as anti-oxidants, detergents and/or corrosion inhibitors and our invention includes the multi-grade lubricating oil product into which one or more of these additives have been incorporated.
  • the starting material may be any residuum obtained by vacuum or like distillation of any petroleum or residual fraction thereof which after deasphalting, preferably with a low boiling hydrocarbon such as propane, propylene or butane, has a V.I. of to 100 and a viscosity at 210 F.
  • the residuum may be prepared by vacuum distillation of a Pennsylvania, Mid-Continent, West Texas, Kuwait, etc. crude.
  • deasphalting with agents such as sulfuric acid, phenol, sulfur dioxide, etc. results in removal of components which upon hydrogenation have desirable properties for a multi-grade oil product and if these materials are employed for asphalt removal, the product produced will not be of as good quality and the yield of multigrade oils will be markedly lower.
  • a higher carbon residue will result in undesirable shortening of the life of the catalyst under the relatively severe hydrogen treatment conditions employed to produce the multi-grade oil. F or this reason we prefer to employ charge stocks having a low carbon residue such as below about 2 (Conradson).
  • the reaction conditions specified are necessary to obtain the conversion into a multi-grade product or to a product containing the multi-grade components. If a temperature much below 735 F. is employed, the conversion to multi-grade oil will not be commercially attractive. On the other hand if a temperature much above 825 F. is employed, the conversion into materials having too low a viscosity for multi-grade oil will be excessive. Within the ranges specified the temperature yand space velocity can be interchanged to give about the same results. In other words a low temperature with a lo'w space velocity will give about the same yield rand quality of multi-grade oil as a higher temperature and higher space velocity. Pressures of below about 2500 p.s.i.
  • the catalyst employed for the hydrogenation must have high activity for saturation of aromtics and high activity and selectivity for ring scission.
  • Such catalysts are known in the art.
  • they may comprise a sulfide of any metal of group VI left-hand column of the periodic the 1S.A.E. yWhen utilizing this method of separating andVreCQIlbIlsystem mixed Vwith a sulfide of an iron group metal.
  • the catalyst may be molybdenum sulfide, tungsten sullide or chromium sulfide, etc. mixed fwith a sulfide of iron, vcobalt and/or nickel.
  • a particularly desirable catalyst is a mixture of nickel sulfide and tungsten sulfide.
  • Such a catalyst in la ratio of l to 4 mols of nickel to 1 of tungsten (determined as metals) has especially high activity and selectivity.
  • Other examples of satisfactory sulde mixtures are cobalt sulfidetungsten sulfide and nickel sulfide-molybdenum sul-tide mixtures.
  • the catalysts may ⁇ be supported or unsupported. A mol ⁇ ratio of 1:1 of these mixtures has been found satisfactory.
  • Pure hydrogen may, of course, be used. However, hydrogen of lower purity such as reformer hydrogen Works very well. If an impure hydrogen is used it is recommended that part of the recycled hydrogen be bled from the recycle stream or that a recycle hydrogen clean-up procedure be used.
  • the hydrogen may be circulated in a ratio of between about 2500 and 10,000 s.c.f. per barrel of charge. Higher or lower amounts of hydrogen can be employed. Water should not be present in the hydrogen or other materials used in the process since it has a deactivating eect on the catalyst.
  • the product from the hydrogenation step Will contain lower boiling reaction products such as gasoline, furnace oil and gases which are unsuitable for multigrade oils. Also if any wax-like materials were present in the charge stock they will be present in the product from the hydrogenation. It is necessary to remove these materials from the product.
  • the gasoline yand furnace oil can :be removed by stripping or distillation. Removal of Wax if present is then accomplished by any treatment conventionally Vused for ydewaxing ordinary lube oils. This procedure is carried out to give fa pour point of between about -5 and -
  • An example of satisfactory dewaxing treatment is dissolving the oil in a solvent such as methyl ⁇ ethyl ketone and/ortoluene, propane, etc.
  • Thehydrogenated and dewaxed (if dewaxing is applied at this stage) product- may be distilled to directly separate fractions which have the properties of multi-grade oils.
  • the product may be distilled to separate fractions having the maximum and minimum S.A.E. viscosity requirements for the multi-grade oil to be produced; for instance for a W/20 multi-grade oil a maximum viscosity at 0 F. of less than 12,000 S.U.S. and a viscosity at 210 F. of between 45 and 58 SUS., and fora ZOW/ 30 multi-grade oil a maximum viscosity at 0 F. of-less than 48,000 S.U.S. and a viscosity at 210 F.
  • distillates will in each case have a V.I. of above about 115 and in most cases above 120 and yashigh as 135 depending upon the reaction conditions and the V.I. of the starting material. Thus the greater the severity, the higher the V.I. of the product. Also as a general rule, the higher the V.I. of the starting material, the higher will be the V.I. of the product.
  • the multi-.grade lubricating oils described herein can be further improved by addition of conventionalror known lubricating oil .additivw
  • the degree of improvement is equal to and .in many cases greater than the mprovement obtained by addition of such conventional additives to other lubricating oils. For instance a 10W/ 20 multi-grade lubricating oil having a V.I.
  • a conventional pour point inhibitor (Acryloid 618), a detergent comprising a mixture of barium thiophenate and calcium vsulfomrte .(8.0 percent), and 0.9 percent of an antioxidant (zinc o,o,dialkyl ydithiophosphate) exhibited unusual properties as compared with a conventional lubricating oil having a 1V .1. of 108 to 110 and containing the same ⁇ amount of additives in addition to 2.0 percent of Acryloid 966 to produce a Vl. of 125.
  • a conventional pour point inhibitor (Acryloid 618)
  • a detergent comprising a mixture of barium thiophenate and calcium vsulfomrte .(8.0 percent)
  • an antioxidant zinc o,o,dialkyl ydithiophosphate
  • numeral 2 designates a vacuum still into which the crude charge stock such as a topped crude is introduced through conduit 4.
  • This charge is fractionated in conventional vfashion to separate gas oil, pressable distillate and unpressable distillate as overhead fractions and a bottoms fraction for use as a charge stock in the present invention.
  • This bottoms fraction is removed from still 2, through conduit 6 and is introduced into deasphalting equipment 8 where the asphalt is removed in known manner by precipitation in the presence of propane which s introduced through conduit 10.
  • Asphalt is removed through conduit 12 and the bottoms fraction together with propane is introduced into still 14 through conduit 16.
  • propane is separated and is recycled through conduit 10.
  • the deasphalte'd bottoms fraction is introduced into heater ⁇ 18 through conduit together with hydrogen from conduit 26 and is then introduced into hydrogen treating reactor 22 via conduit 24.
  • the deasphalted bottoms fraction is hydrogenated in accordance with the above description.
  • the hydrogen and hydrogenated product are removed from reactor 22 via conduit 28 and introduced into high pressure separator 30 where the hydrogen is separated and recycled via conduit 26.
  • impure hydrogen is bled from the system through conduit 31 and make-up hydrogen is added through conduit 33.
  • the hydrogenated product is removed from high pressure separator 30 through conduit 32 and is introduced into low pressure separator 35 where gases are removed and withdrawn lthrough conduit 37.
  • the product is then introduced into still 34 via conduit 39 and subjected to distillation.
  • gasoline and furnace oil are removed as overhead fractions and a bottoms fraction is removed through conduit 36 and introduced into dewaxing unit 38.
  • the hydrogenated lube oil portion of the product is treated in unit 3S in the presence of a dewaxing solvent such as a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone and toluene at low temperature to remove wax which is precipitated and removed through conduit 40.
  • a dewaxing solvent such as a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone and toluene at low temperature to remove wax which is precipitated and removed through conduit 40.
  • the dewaxing solvent is introduced into dewaxer 38 through conduit 42.
  • the wax-like hydrogenation products are simultaneously removed with any wax products initially present in the charge stock. 'Ihe product is then removed from de- Waxer 38 through conduit 44 and is introduced into still 46 where the dewaxing solvent is removed and recycled through conduit 42.
  • the solvent-free hydrogenation product is removed from still 46 through conduit 48 and introduced into vacuum fractionating tower 50 where a light lube oil product is removed overhead through conduit 52, multi-grade lube oils or multi-grade lube oil blending stocks are removed as separate cuts or fractions via conduits 54 and 56. While removal of two such fractions are shown, a larger number of blending or multi-grade fractions can be separated if desired.
  • the deasphalted product was preheated to about 720 F. and sent to a hydrotreating unit similar to that illustrated in the drawing and containing a mixed nickel sulde-tungsten sulfide catalyst in a mol ratio of 4:1.
  • the reaction conditions were 740 F., 0.5 liquid hourly space velocity, 5000 s.c.f. of hydrogen per barrel and 3000 p.s.i.g.
  • the product after a high pressure separation of hydrogen was topped at atmospheric pressure and yielded the following percentages of materials boiling below the specilications for lube oils: (1) gasoline (400 F. end point); 7.6% by volume of the charge to the hydrotreater and (2) furnace oil (670 F. end point); 21.3% by volume of the charge to the hydrotreater.
  • the remaining product was dewaxed by mixing with 4 volumes of a mixture of 60 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone mixed with 40 parts of toluene followed by cooling to 0 F. to yield 12% by volume charge to hydrotreater of good quality wax. After removal of the dewaxing solvent the material had a pour point of 0 F. and wasfractioned at 2 mm. pressure with an inert gas being continuously added to the still pot.
  • Example II perature of 745 F.; a space velocity of 0.5, a pressure of 3000 p.s.i.g. and a hydrogen recycle rate of 5000 s.c.f. per barrel of charge.
  • the same catalyst was employed as in Example I and the product was dewaxed to a pour point of 0 F. and fractionated in the same manner as in Example I to obtain blending oils at the temperaturesY indicated in Table'V.
  • API 30D-33.0 Viscosity, SUV seconds-,-
  • the method of producing a multi-grade lubricating oil by treatment with hydrogen to obtain combined hydrogenation and ring scission comprises in combination treating a vacuum tower residuum which has been deasphalted with ⁇ a low boiling ⁇ hydrocarbon and which after deasphalting has a V.I. between about 75 and 100 yand a viscosity at 210 F. between Irabout 90 and 200 S.U.S.
  • a catalyst comprising essentially la sulde of a metal of group VIl of lthe periodic'system mixed with a sull-1de of an iron group metal, stripping Land dewaxing the product to a pour point between about ⁇ 5 and +5 F. and subjecting the product to vacuum distillation to separate a fraction within the maximum and minimum viscosity limits for a member of the group consisting of S.A.E. 10W/20, S.A.E. 20W/ 30 and S.A.E. 20W/40 multi-grade lubricating oils and having a viscosity index of at least 115.
  • the method of producing ⁇ a multi-grade lubricating loil by treatment with hydrogen to obtain combined hydrogenation and ring scission which comprises in combination treating a vacuum tower residuum which has been deasphalted with a low boiling hydrocarbon and which after deasph-alting lhas a Vl. between yabout 75 and 100 and a viscosity at 210 F. between about 90 and 200 S.U.S.
  • Ia catalystA comprising essentially a suliidel of a metal of group VI of the periodic system mixed with a sulfide of an iron group metal, stripping and dewaxing the product to a pour point between about 5 and +5 F., subjecting the product to vacuum ⁇ distillation to separate a plurality of fractions having a Vl. above about 115 and blending these fractions to produce a multi-grade oil having the maximum and minimum viscosities for S.A.E. 10W/20, S.A.E.
  • the method of producing a multi-grade lubricating oil by treatment with hydrogen to obtain combined hydrogenation and ring scission comprises in combination treating a vacuum tower residuum which hasbeen deasphalted with propane and which after deasphalting has a carbon residue below about 2.0 percent, a V.I. between about 75 and 100 and a viscosity -at 210 F. of between about and 200 S.U.S.
  • the method of producing ⁇ a multi-grade lubricating oil by treatment with hydrogen to obtain combined hydrogenation 4and ring scission which comprises in combination treating a vacuum tower residuum which has Vbeen deasphalted with propane and which after deasphal/ting has a Vl. between yabout 75 and 100 and a viscosity at 210 F. of between about 90 and 200 S.U.S. with hydrogen at a temperature vbetween about 735 and ,825
  • a multi-grade lubricating oil which is substantially devoid of any added viscosity index improving material and comprising essentially a mixture of hydrogenated Ihydrocarbons having the characteristics of ⁇ a multi-grade oil selected from the group consisting of S.A.E. 10W/20, S.A.E. 20W/ 30 and S.A.E. 20W/40 multi-grade oils, the S.A.E. 10W/20 multi-grade oil having -a Vl. of at least 115, a viscosity at F. of below about 12,000 S.U.S., a viscosity at 210 F. of between about 45 and 58 S.U.S., a pour point of below about -l- F.
  • the S.A.E. ZOW/ 30 multi-grade oil having a V.I. of at least 115, a viscosity at 0 F. of below about 48,000 S.U.S., a viscosity at 210 F. of between about 58 and 70 S.U.S., ⁇ a pour point of below about - ⁇ 5 F., and -an iodine number below about 2 and the S.A.E. 20W/40 multi-grade oil having a Vl. of at least 115, a viscosity at 0 F. of below about 48,000 S.U.S., -a viscosity at 210 F.
  • composition being obtained by hydrogenation of a deasphalted residuum and distillation of the hydrogenated product to separate a member of the group consisting of fractions which upon blending yield these S.A.E. multi-grade oils and fractions having the properties of these multi-grade oils.
  • a multi-grade lubricating oil which is substantially devoid of any added viscosity index improving material and comprising essentially a mixture of hydrogenated hydrocarbons having the characteristics of an S.A.E. W/ 20 multi-grade oil, said composition having a V.I. of at least 115, a viscosity at 0 F. of below about 12,000 S.U.S., a viscosity at 210 F. of between about 45 and 58 S.U.S., a pour point of below about
  • a multi-grade lubricating oil which is substantially devoid of any added viscosity index improving material and comprising essentially a mixture of hydrogenated hydrocarbons having the characteristics of an S.A.E. 20W/ 30 multi-grade oil, said composition having a V.I. of at least 115, a viscosity at 0 F. of below about 48,000 S.U.S., a viscosity at 210 10 F. of between about 58 and 70 S.U.S., a pour point of below about +5 F., an iodine number below about 2 to which has been added at least one lubricating oil additive.
  • a multi-grade lubricating oil which is substantially devoid of any added viscosity index improving material and comprising essentially a mixture of hydrogenated hydrocarbons having the characteristics of an S.A.E. 20W/40 multi-grade oil, said composition having a VI. of at least 115, a viscosity at 0 F. of below about 48,000 S.U.S., a viscosity at 210 F. of between ⁇ about and 85 S.U.S., a pour point of below about l-5 F., an iodine number below about 2 to which has been added at least one lubricating oil additive.
  • the method of producing a multi-grade lubricating oil by treatment with hydrogen to obtain combined hydrogenation and ring scission comprises in combination treating -a deasphalted residuum having a V.I. between about and 100 and a viscosity of 210 F. of between about and 200 S.U.S.
  • the method of producing a multi-grade lubricating oil by treatment with hydrogen to obtain combined hydrogenation and ring scission which comprises in combination treating a deasphalted residuum Ih-aving a V.I. between about 75 and 100 and a viscosity at 210 F. of between about 90 and 200 S.U.S.
  • a catalyst comprising essentially a mixture of the suldes of a metal of group VI left-hand column of the periodic system and iron group metals composited with -a catalyst support, and subjecting the product to vacuum distillation to separate components within the maximum and minimum viscosity limits for a multi-grade lubricating oil, said components having a V.I. of at least 115.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US676039A 1957-08-02 1957-08-02 Process for preparing a multi-grade lubricating oil and product Expired - Lifetime US2960458A (en)

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GB24173/58A GB846634A (en) 1957-08-02 1958-07-28 Lubricating oils and process of preparing the same

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046218A (en) * 1959-08-10 1962-07-24 Gulf Research Development Co Process for preparing an improved lubricating oil
US3078222A (en) * 1960-07-27 1963-02-19 Gulf Research Development Co Preparation of multi-grade lubricating oil by severe hydrogenation and urea adduction
US3078238A (en) * 1959-07-24 1963-02-19 Gulf Research Development Co Hydrogenation catalyst and method of preparation
US3078221A (en) * 1959-07-24 1963-02-19 Gulf Research Development Co Hydrogenation process for preparation of lubricating oils
US3142634A (en) * 1961-12-14 1964-07-28 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Preparation of multi-grade lubricating oil
US3328287A (en) * 1966-06-02 1967-06-27 Mobil Oil Corp Production of lubricating oils from resin extracts
US3617475A (en) * 1970-01-15 1971-11-02 Gulf Research Development Co Process for producing lubricating oils with good low temperature hazing properties
US3617484A (en) * 1968-11-29 1971-11-02 Sun Oil Co Increasing the v.i. of hydrocracked light lubes
US3617482A (en) * 1969-11-10 1971-11-02 Chevron Res Process for the production of lubricating oils
US3619414A (en) * 1969-02-19 1971-11-09 Sun Oil Co Catalytic hydrofinishing of petroleum distillates in the lubricating oil boiling range
US3730876A (en) * 1970-12-18 1973-05-01 A Sequeira Production of naphthenic oils
FR2217409A1 (de) * 1973-02-09 1974-09-06 British Petroleum Co
US3852207A (en) * 1973-03-26 1974-12-03 Chevron Res Production of stable lubricating oils by sequential hydrocracking and hydrogenation
US3902989A (en) * 1970-01-14 1975-09-02 Mobil Oil Corp Method for producing hydrocracked lube oil products
US20030096713A1 (en) * 1994-04-19 2003-05-22 Eric R. Schnur Lubricating compositions with improved oxidation resistance containing a dispersant and an antioxidant

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2554282A (en) * 1946-09-12 1951-05-22 Standard Oil Dev Co Lubricating oil manufacture
US2779711A (en) * 1955-02-28 1957-01-29 Standard Oil Co Refining of lubricating oils
US2787582A (en) * 1955-04-12 1957-04-02 Universal Oil Prod Co Production of lubricating oils
US2904505A (en) * 1955-06-16 1959-09-15 Texaco Inc Mild hydrogenation process for lubricating oils

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2554282A (en) * 1946-09-12 1951-05-22 Standard Oil Dev Co Lubricating oil manufacture
US2779711A (en) * 1955-02-28 1957-01-29 Standard Oil Co Refining of lubricating oils
US2787582A (en) * 1955-04-12 1957-04-02 Universal Oil Prod Co Production of lubricating oils
US2904505A (en) * 1955-06-16 1959-09-15 Texaco Inc Mild hydrogenation process for lubricating oils

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3078238A (en) * 1959-07-24 1963-02-19 Gulf Research Development Co Hydrogenation catalyst and method of preparation
US3078221A (en) * 1959-07-24 1963-02-19 Gulf Research Development Co Hydrogenation process for preparation of lubricating oils
US3046218A (en) * 1959-08-10 1962-07-24 Gulf Research Development Co Process for preparing an improved lubricating oil
US3078222A (en) * 1960-07-27 1963-02-19 Gulf Research Development Co Preparation of multi-grade lubricating oil by severe hydrogenation and urea adduction
US3142634A (en) * 1961-12-14 1964-07-28 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Preparation of multi-grade lubricating oil
US3328287A (en) * 1966-06-02 1967-06-27 Mobil Oil Corp Production of lubricating oils from resin extracts
US3617484A (en) * 1968-11-29 1971-11-02 Sun Oil Co Increasing the v.i. of hydrocracked light lubes
US3619414A (en) * 1969-02-19 1971-11-09 Sun Oil Co Catalytic hydrofinishing of petroleum distillates in the lubricating oil boiling range
US3617482A (en) * 1969-11-10 1971-11-02 Chevron Res Process for the production of lubricating oils
US3902989A (en) * 1970-01-14 1975-09-02 Mobil Oil Corp Method for producing hydrocracked lube oil products
US3617475A (en) * 1970-01-15 1971-11-02 Gulf Research Development Co Process for producing lubricating oils with good low temperature hazing properties
US3730876A (en) * 1970-12-18 1973-05-01 A Sequeira Production of naphthenic oils
FR2217409A1 (de) * 1973-02-09 1974-09-06 British Petroleum Co
US3902988A (en) * 1973-02-09 1975-09-02 British Petroleum Co Production of lubricating oils
US3852207A (en) * 1973-03-26 1974-12-03 Chevron Res Production of stable lubricating oils by sequential hydrocracking and hydrogenation
US20030096713A1 (en) * 1994-04-19 2003-05-22 Eric R. Schnur Lubricating compositions with improved oxidation resistance containing a dispersant and an antioxidant

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GB846634A (en) 1960-08-31

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