US2925567A - Retardation conductor for variable field electronic tubes or the like - Google Patents

Retardation conductor for variable field electronic tubes or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US2925567A
US2925567A US506975A US50697555A US2925567A US 2925567 A US2925567 A US 2925567A US 506975 A US506975 A US 506975A US 50697555 A US50697555 A US 50697555A US 2925567 A US2925567 A US 2925567A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
conductor
turns
portions
retardation
delay line
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US506975A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eichin Werner
Veith Werner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of US2925567A publication Critical patent/US2925567A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H01J23/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H01J23/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
    • H01J23/27—Helix-derived slow-wave structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H01J23/28—Interdigital slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/42—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/46—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the backward travelling wave being utilised

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is to provide a delay line in which the stored highfrequency energy is as low as possible and the use of which avoids detrimental capacitances as far as possible.
  • the invention is of importance in all cases wherein customary spiral-shaped delay lines would assume unfavorable proportions or dimensions that could not be very well realized in practice.
  • the delay line according to the invention provides for each turn one or more portions which extend or are positioned in the region correlated with one or more electron fiows and wherein the turns extend in such a manner that the capacitances of the conductor portions lie substantially exclusively within the region of energy interchange with the electron flow or flows.
  • the line portions lying outside of the region of energy interchange may be shaped arcuately, for example, circularly or elliptically.
  • the cross-sectional configuration may suitably correspond to the outline of a dumbbell.
  • the entire delay line may be made of a single integral wire or ribbonlike element.
  • Fig. 1 shows how a wire or like conductor element may be wound to form the delay line in one embodiment thereof
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the conductor element of Fig. 1 diagrammatically with its turns expanded and placed relative to the path of the electrons;
  • Fig. 3 indicates the conductor of Fig. 2 after the individual conductor loops have been mutually angularly displaced;
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a section perpendicular to the electron flow so as to explain the field distribution and the correlation between the electric fields and the electron flow;
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show conductor elements wound in a manner differing from that shown in Fig. 2, to form conductor portions neighboring on the electron flow,
  • the conductor element a suitable wire or ribbon
  • a suitable mandrel 2 forming the outline of a dumbbell.
  • the wound turns may be expanded to produce, in the case of a ribbonlike element, a delay line diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 2.
  • the placement of the turns as shown in Fig. 2 does not conform to the final shape because the expansion of the wound conductor results in a mutual angular displacement of the atent individual turns due to the elastic tension of the material.
  • the mutual angular relationship of the turns as it results after expansion of the wound conductor is apparent from Fig. 3, showing the turns as seen, for example, when looking at the conductor in axial direction from one end thereof.
  • the spiral-like or meandering structure may be considered to constitute a line comprising successively disposed alternately capacit'atively and inductively loaded portions.
  • the inductance appears mainly along the loop portions 4 (Fig. 2) while the capacitance appears between the wire or ribbon conductor portions 5 and 6 (Fig. 2) which are nearest to the electron flow.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates in schematic manner a section perpendicular to the electron flow to show the field distribution and the correlation between the electric fields and the electron flow.
  • Numerals 5 and 6 indicate in' conformance with Fig. 2 conductor portions, in section, which lie nearest to the electron flow. The conductor portions lit and 11 are shown in similar manner. The illustration shows that, assuming proper dimensioning, the electric high-frequency field will extend across the space 3 (Fig. 3) which is permeated by the electron flow 9, with opposite phase between the conductor portions 5, 6, 1t) and 11, so that the entire space is uniformly permeated by the high-frequency field.
  • the line according to the invention comprises spatially separate inductance and capacitance elements.
  • the individual loops may be to a far-reaching extent capacitively coupled by the mutual angular displacement indicated in Fig. 3. Practically no capacitances will in this manner arise with the exception of those caused by the highfrequency field which is required for the coupling.
  • the delay conductor portions extending between the loops may be slightly bent outwardly at the exit areas for the electron beam so as to assure a more favorable matching to a cross-sectionally circular electron flow.
  • the portions 12 and 13 of Fig. 1 may for this purpose be formed suitably outwardly bulging.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show further embodiments of the invention in a manner analogous to Fig. 2.
  • a conductor may be wound to form turns resembling a large circle merging with a smaller circle;
  • a conductor may be wound to form turns comprising circular sections interconnected by straight sections defining a central space.
  • the respective conductor wound as described is thereafter expanded (just as'in case of the conductor illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3) to form a meandering delay line surrounding a central space for the electron fiow.
  • the length of the loops 7 and 8, shown respectively in Figs. 5 and 6, may be dimensioned so as to correspond substantially to one-half of the operating frequency.
  • a delay line adapted for use with variable field electron tubes comprising a conductor formed from a continuous, elongated member wound in meandering spirally extending turns disposed about a central area traversed by an electron stream and having only a part of each turn disposed within a region otenergy interchange between the electron stream and the electromagnetic wave carried by said conductor, portions of said turns having opposite phase relationships being disposed close to said central area in an opposed relation and thereby forming a large capacitance and other portions of said turns being disposed outside of said central area and constituting inductances and forming with neighboring corresponding conductor portions relatively small capacitances.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
US506975A 1954-05-12 1955-05-09 Retardation conductor for variable field electronic tubes or the like Expired - Lifetime US2925567A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES39106A DE964880C (de) 1954-05-12 1954-05-12 Verzoegerungsleitung fuer Wanderfeldroehren od. dgl.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2925567A true US2925567A (en) 1960-02-16

Family

ID=25948261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US506975A Expired - Lifetime US2925567A (en) 1954-05-12 1955-05-09 Retardation conductor for variable field electronic tubes or the like

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2925567A (xx)
DE (1) DE964880C (xx)
FR (1) FR1123979A (xx)
GB (1) GB782768A (xx)
NL (1) NL196998A (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3219882A (en) * 1961-03-29 1965-11-23 Raytheon Co Slow wave propagating structure for wide frequency band electron discharge devices
US3227914A (en) * 1961-05-15 1966-01-04 Gen Electric Ladder type slow wave structure having side plates at an angle other than 90deg.
US3400297A (en) * 1964-07-27 1968-09-03 Hitachi Ltd Traveling-wave type electron tube utilizing interaction between beam and te20 waveguide mode
US3432776A (en) * 1964-08-26 1969-03-11 Csf Wave-delay structures
US3760223A (en) * 1972-08-10 1973-09-18 Us Army Single conductor multi-coil multi-beam microwave device
CN103258703A (zh) * 2013-05-03 2013-08-21 电子科技大学 一种微带线慢波结构

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE21739E (en) * 1941-03-04 Space discharge apfarathjs
FR955557A (xx) * 1945-03-22 1950-01-17
US2566087A (en) * 1947-06-13 1951-08-28 Csf Tube of the magnetron type for ultra-short waves
GB668017A (en) * 1949-06-08 1952-03-12 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Improvements relating to electromagnetic waveguides
FR1025094A (fr) * 1949-09-03 1953-04-10 Siemens Ag Tube amplificateur pour très hautes fréquences
FR1074017A (fr) * 1952-12-20 1954-09-30 Csf Perfectionnements aux lignes à retard pour carcinotron
US2802135A (en) * 1952-08-22 1957-08-06 Rca Corp Traveling wave electron tube

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064469A (en) * 1933-10-23 1936-12-15 Rca Corp Device for and method of controlling high frequency currents
US2096460A (en) * 1936-01-23 1937-10-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Space discharge apparatus
BE510250A (xx) * 1951-04-13

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE21739E (en) * 1941-03-04 Space discharge apfarathjs
FR955557A (xx) * 1945-03-22 1950-01-17
US2566087A (en) * 1947-06-13 1951-08-28 Csf Tube of the magnetron type for ultra-short waves
GB668017A (en) * 1949-06-08 1952-03-12 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Improvements relating to electromagnetic waveguides
FR1025094A (fr) * 1949-09-03 1953-04-10 Siemens Ag Tube amplificateur pour très hautes fréquences
US2802135A (en) * 1952-08-22 1957-08-06 Rca Corp Traveling wave electron tube
FR1074017A (fr) * 1952-12-20 1954-09-30 Csf Perfectionnements aux lignes à retard pour carcinotron

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3219882A (en) * 1961-03-29 1965-11-23 Raytheon Co Slow wave propagating structure for wide frequency band electron discharge devices
US3227914A (en) * 1961-05-15 1966-01-04 Gen Electric Ladder type slow wave structure having side plates at an angle other than 90deg.
US3400297A (en) * 1964-07-27 1968-09-03 Hitachi Ltd Traveling-wave type electron tube utilizing interaction between beam and te20 waveguide mode
US3432776A (en) * 1964-08-26 1969-03-11 Csf Wave-delay structures
US3760223A (en) * 1972-08-10 1973-09-18 Us Army Single conductor multi-coil multi-beam microwave device
CN103258703A (zh) * 2013-05-03 2013-08-21 电子科技大学 一种微带线慢波结构
CN103258703B (zh) * 2013-05-03 2015-10-21 电子科技大学 一种微带线慢波结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL196998A (xx)
FR1123979A (fr) 1956-10-02
DE964880C (de) 1957-05-29
GB782768A (en) 1957-09-11

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