US2471777A - Method of making ultra high frequency inductors - Google Patents

Method of making ultra high frequency inductors Download PDF

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Publication number
US2471777A
US2471777A US737659A US73765947A US2471777A US 2471777 A US2471777 A US 2471777A US 737659 A US737659 A US 737659A US 73765947 A US73765947 A US 73765947A US 2471777 A US2471777 A US 2471777A
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coil
high frequency
inductance
winding
coils
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US737659A
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John L Reinartz
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RCA Corp
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RCA Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F21/00—Variable inductances or transformers of the signal type
    • H01F21/005—Inductances without magnetic core
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49071—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor by winding or coiling

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  • This invention relates generally to ultra-high frequency inductors, and more particularly to the method of winding said inductors to provide units having relatively large physical size and a relatively large ratio of reactance to resistance.
  • ultra-high frequency inductors of helical type comprise a relatively few turns of small diameter conductor, wherein extremely small variations in turn diameter, cross-section, and turn spacing provide relatively wide variations in total inductance.
  • Various methods have been devised for reducing the mutual inductance of such windings in order to lengthen the winding axis and provide a greater number of turns for a predetermined inductance value.
  • most mutual inductance cancellation methods employed heretofore have required the use of complex winding forms which are not well adapted to screw machine mass production methods.
  • the instant invention comprises a novel ultrahigh frequency inductor and the method of making such inductors wherein a single length of relatively large diameter wire is formed into a U- shaped loop.
  • the U-shaped loop comprising parallel conductor portions is wound upon a conventional mandrel into a cylindrical coil of the type employed heretofore for non-inductive resistors. After the double conductor winding is wound, alternate turns are separated to a desired degree to provide two interleaved serially connected windings having opposing magnetic fields.
  • the degree of inductance cancellation is determined by the separation of the axes of the interleaved coil portions.
  • the resultant inductance has a very low value.
  • the total inductance, and Q ratio of reactance to resistance
  • the open ends of the coils may be cut off in order further to adjust the inductance value.
  • the conductor cross-sectional dimensions may be substan- 2 tially increased to provide a self-supporting, airspaced winding which is suitable for ultra-high frequency transmitter circuits having high current values.
  • the conductor forming the coil may be insulated or not, depending upon the spacing between adjacent coil turns.
  • An extremely convenient type of conductor is that employing a.
  • still further object is to provide an ultra-high frequency inductor comprising a single conductor shaped to provide a pair of interleaved winding portions having opposing magnetic fields. Another object is to provide an ultra-high frequency ⁇ inductor in which the inductance and Q values ⁇ may be adjusted over relatively wide ranges. An additional object is to provide an ultra-high frequency inductor which may be initially adjusted to provide predetermined inductance and Q values. A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved means for winding an ultrahigh frequency inductance to provide a desired degree of inductance cancellation. A still further object is to provide an ultra-high frequency inductor comprising two interleaved windings having opposing magnetic fields wherein the inductor convolutions of one winding intersect the central or eccentric axis of the other of said windings.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the first stage of constructing the novel inductor
  • Figure 2 illustrates the second stage of the said construction
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 illustrate optional third stages of said construction
  • Figure '6 is a family of graphs illustrating the operating characteristics of the novel inductance in terms of frequency vs. coil turns
  • Figure 7 is a family of graphs illustrating the Q values of said inductors in terms of the resonant frequency thereof. Similar reference characters are applied to similar elements throughout the drawings.
  • Figure 4 shows further separation of the coil axes wherein the coil convolutions of one of the coils i I intersect an eccentric axis ll of the other of the coils.
  • Figure 5 shows further separation of the coil axes.
  • the inductance of the winding Before the double wound coil turns are sepa-, rated axially, the inductance of the winding has a minimum value.
  • the family of graphs of Figure 6 illustrates the tuning range of the serially-connected windings shown in Figs. 3 and 5 as the number of turns on a 1" diameter coil are reduced from 14 to 4.
  • Graphs III-(a), III-(b), and III-(c) indicate the characteristics of the winding of Fig. 3.
  • Graphs VA, VB and VC indicate similarly the characteristics of the winding of Fig. 5.
  • the graphs of Figure 7 show the variation in Q (ratio of reactance to resistance) of the coil of Fig. 5 in relation to the resonant frequency thereof shown in the'corresponding graphs VA, VB, and VC of Figure 6.
  • the coil structure is particularly adaptable to inductors for ultra-high frequency transmitters wherein relatively high coil currents are utilized.
  • the No. 12 enamel insulated copper wire has ample rigidity to provide self support for the winding turns, thereby minimizing dielectric losses in the inductor. Further, since the winding may be formed upon a conventional mandrel,
  • the inductance of the series coilsalternate turns are separated axially to provide the desired degree of mutual inductance cancellation and to permit eiiicient design with respect to total inductance and Q.
  • the method of utilizing a single conductor for making an ultra-high-frequency inductor comprising the steps of bending said conductor at a point midway between its ends to form a U-shaped loop having substantially parallel-disposed sides, winding said loop to form a substantially non-inductive uniform diameter cylindrical coil, and separating alternate turns of said coil to form two intersecting coils having parallel axes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)

Description

May 31, 1949.
I INVENTOR.
John L.Re111&ri'z
BY ATTORNEY Pmmd May 31, 1949 METHOD or MAKING ULTRA man raaousncr mnuc'rons lohn L. Relnartz, Lancaster, Pa., asaignor to Radio Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware Original application March 27, 1946, Serial No. 657,420. Divided and this application March 27, 1947, Serial No. 737,659
3 Claims. (Cl. 29-15557) This application is a division of my copending application Serial No. 657,420, filed March 27, 1946, entitled Ultra-high frequency inductor and method of making same" and assigned to the assignee as the instant application.
This invention relates generally to ultra-high frequency inductors, and more particularly to the method of winding said inductors to provide units having relatively large physical size and a relatively large ratio of reactance to resistance.
Most ultra-high frequency inductors of helical type comprise a relatively few turns of small diameter conductor, wherein extremely small variations in turn diameter, cross-section, and turn spacing provide relatively wide variations in total inductance. Various methods have been devised for reducing the mutual inductance of such windings in order to lengthen the winding axis and provide a greater number of turns for a predetermined inductance value. However, most mutual inductance cancellation methods employed heretofore have required the use of complex winding forms which are not well adapted to screw machine mass production methods.
The instant invention comprises a novel ultrahigh frequency inductor and the method of making such inductors wherein a single length of relatively large diameter wire is formed into a U- shaped loop. The U-shaped loop comprising parallel conductor portions is wound upon a conventional mandrel into a cylindrical coil of the type employed heretofore for non-inductive resistors. After the double conductor winding is wound, alternate turns are separated to a desired degree to provide two interleaved serially connected windings having opposing magnetic fields. The degree of inductance cancellation is determined by the separation of the axes of the interleaved coil portions.
When the coils are first formed and entirely interleaved so that their axes coincide, the resultant inductance has a very low value. As the axes of the oppositely-wound interleaved coil portions are separated, the total inductance, and Q (ratio of reactance to resistance) increase, thereby providing an extremely flexible and uncritical method of adjusting an ultra-high frequency inductor to predetermined inductance and Q characteristics. Also after the final coil conformation has been determined, the open ends of the coils may be cut off in order further to adjust the inductance value. Since a relatively large physical size may be employed for a winding having a predetermined inductance and Q value, the conductor cross-sectional dimensions may be substan- 2 tially increased to provide a self-supporting, airspaced winding which is suitable for ultra-high frequency transmitter circuits having high current values. The conductor forming the coil may be insulated or not, depending upon the spacing between adjacent coil turns. An extremely convenient type of conductor is that employing a.
means for securing inductance cancellation. A
.still further object is to provide an ultra-high frequency inductor comprising a single conductor shaped to provide a pair of interleaved winding portions having opposing magnetic fields. Another object is to provide an ultra-high frequency} inductor in which the inductance and Q values\ may be adjusted over relatively wide ranges. An additional object is to provide an ultra-high frequency inductor which may be initially adjusted to provide predetermined inductance and Q values. A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved means for winding an ultrahigh frequency inductance to provide a desired degree of inductance cancellation. A still further object is to provide an ultra-high frequency inductor comprising two interleaved windings having opposing magnetic fields wherein the inductor convolutions of one winding intersect the central or eccentric axis of the other of said windings.
The invention will be further described by referenceto the accompanying drawings of which Figure 1 illustrates the first stage of constructing the novel inductor, Figure 2 illustrates the second stage of the said construction; Figures 3, 4 and 5 illustrate optional third stages of said construction, Figure '6 is a family of graphs illustrating the operating characteristics of the novel inductance in terms of frequency vs. coil turns, and Figure 7 is a family of graphs illustrating the Q values of said inductors in terms of the resonant frequency thereof. Similar reference characters are applied to similar elements throughout the drawings.
The invention will be described, by way of example, in terms of the procedure of forming and adjusting a typical ultra-high frequency inductor utilizing a single length l of No. 12 double enamel insulated copper 'wire wound upon a mandrel. The length of copper wire is bent to form a hair-' pin" loop I as shown in Figure 1 and then is wound upon the mandrel I to 10m a double conductor non-inductive winding I as shown in Figure 2. The coil then is opened up to form two interleaved coils I, II as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5. Figure 3 shows an interleaved coil structure wherein the convolutions of one of the coils ii pass through the central axis II of the other of the coils s, the coils being serially connected.
Figure 4 shows further separation of the coil axes wherein the coil convolutions of one of the coils i I intersect an eccentric axis ll of the other of the coils. Figure 5 shows further separation of the coil axes.
Before the double wound coil turns are sepa-, rated axially, the inductance of the winding has a minimum value.
increase, and the Q (ratio of reactance to resistance) also increases. The extent of linkage of the serially connected coil sections aifects the Q of the coil, since the resistance thereof remains substantially constant while the effective inductance increases as the coil axes are separated.
. Even order harmonic excitation of the windings is possible, and may be eiiiciently utilized up to at least the eighth harmonic.
The family of graphs of Figure 6 illustrates the tuning range of the serially-connected windings shown in Figs. 3 and 5 as the number of turns on a 1" diameter coil are reduced from 14 to 4. Graphs III-(a), III-(b), and III-(c) indicate the characteristics of the winding of Fig. 3. Graphs VA, VB and VC indicate similarly the characteristics of the winding of Fig. 5.
The graphs of Figure 7 show the variation in Q (ratio of reactance to resistance) of the coil of Fig. 5 in relation to the resonant frequency thereof shown in the'corresponding graphs VA, VB, and VC of Figure 6.
The coil structure is particularly adaptable to inductors for ultra-high frequency transmitters wherein relatively high coil currents are utilized. The No. 12 enamel insulated copper wire has ample rigidity to provide self support for the winding turns, thereby minimizing dielectric losses in the inductor. Further, since the winding may be formed upon a conventional mandrel,
As the interleaved coil axes are separated, the inductance of the series coilsalternate turns are separated axially to provide the desired degree of mutual inductance cancellation and to permit eiiicient design with respect to total inductance and Q.
I claim as my invention:
1. The method of utilizing a single conductor for making an ultra-high-frequency inductor comprising the steps of bending said conductor at a point midway between its ends to form a U-shaped loop having substantially parallel-disposed sides, winding said loop to form a substantially non-inductive uniform diameter cylindrical coil, and separating alternate turns of said coil to form two intersecting coils having parallel axes.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the convolutions of one of said coils are separated with respect to the convolutions of the other of said coils to intersect the axis of the other of said coils.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the convolutions of one of said coils are separated with respect to the convolutions of the other oi said coils to intersect an axis intermediate the axis and the convolutions of the other of said coils.
JOHN L. REINARTZ.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the
US737659A 1946-03-27 1947-03-27 Method of making ultra high frequency inductors Expired - Lifetime US2471777A (en)

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2599126A (en) * 1948-02-26 1952-06-03 Roland D Reed Helical linear reactance
US2691811A (en) * 1949-08-09 1954-10-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of producing improved leadout conductors for electrical coils
US2715671A (en) * 1953-11-10 1955-08-16 Oxy Catalyst Inc Contact element
US2747619A (en) * 1953-02-12 1956-05-29 Buttner Hugo Method of production of connecting wires for a set of coil springs
US2856577A (en) * 1956-10-11 1958-10-14 Gen Electric Electric current rectifying system
US2977553A (en) * 1958-04-21 1961-03-28 Blonder Tongue Elect Transmission line and method of making the same
US3022063A (en) * 1959-06-30 1962-02-20 Alpha Res Corp Ventilating spacer
US3025891A (en) * 1957-12-27 1962-03-20 Baird Machine Co Wire forming mechanism with selectively operable forming tools
US3046509A (en) * 1959-11-09 1962-07-24 Lindberg Eng Co Induction coil with split flexible insulating flange
US3087719A (en) * 1960-05-23 1963-04-30 American Metal Prod Spring cushion construction
US3152629A (en) * 1961-05-09 1964-10-13 Gen Electric Apparatus and method for helically winding strip material
US4240010A (en) * 1979-06-18 1980-12-16 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Electrodeless fluorescent light source having reduced far field electromagnetic radiation levels
US4350954A (en) * 1978-09-28 1982-09-21 Lucas Industries Limited Inductive type displacement transducers
US20050237144A1 (en) * 2002-07-25 2005-10-27 Koninklijke Phillips Electronics N.V. Planar inductance
US20090219126A1 (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 Goto Electronic Co., Ltd. Alpha-turn coil
US20110032067A1 (en) * 2008-04-10 2011-02-10 Nxp B.V. 8-shaped inductor

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1445896A (en) * 1922-06-02 1923-02-20 Capitol Phonolier Corp Variable inductance
US1533749A (en) * 1923-06-11 1925-04-14 Meirowsky Oskar Inductance
US1656933A (en) * 1926-06-08 1928-01-24 Ahlstrand Karl Johan Gerhard Method of manufacturing toroid coils
US2404185A (en) * 1943-11-11 1946-07-16 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Process of making inductance coils

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1445896A (en) * 1922-06-02 1923-02-20 Capitol Phonolier Corp Variable inductance
US1533749A (en) * 1923-06-11 1925-04-14 Meirowsky Oskar Inductance
US1656933A (en) * 1926-06-08 1928-01-24 Ahlstrand Karl Johan Gerhard Method of manufacturing toroid coils
US2404185A (en) * 1943-11-11 1946-07-16 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Process of making inductance coils

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2599126A (en) * 1948-02-26 1952-06-03 Roland D Reed Helical linear reactance
US2691811A (en) * 1949-08-09 1954-10-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of producing improved leadout conductors for electrical coils
US2747619A (en) * 1953-02-12 1956-05-29 Buttner Hugo Method of production of connecting wires for a set of coil springs
US2715671A (en) * 1953-11-10 1955-08-16 Oxy Catalyst Inc Contact element
US2856577A (en) * 1956-10-11 1958-10-14 Gen Electric Electric current rectifying system
US3025891A (en) * 1957-12-27 1962-03-20 Baird Machine Co Wire forming mechanism with selectively operable forming tools
US2977553A (en) * 1958-04-21 1961-03-28 Blonder Tongue Elect Transmission line and method of making the same
US3022063A (en) * 1959-06-30 1962-02-20 Alpha Res Corp Ventilating spacer
US3046509A (en) * 1959-11-09 1962-07-24 Lindberg Eng Co Induction coil with split flexible insulating flange
US3087719A (en) * 1960-05-23 1963-04-30 American Metal Prod Spring cushion construction
US3152629A (en) * 1961-05-09 1964-10-13 Gen Electric Apparatus and method for helically winding strip material
US4350954A (en) * 1978-09-28 1982-09-21 Lucas Industries Limited Inductive type displacement transducers
US4240010A (en) * 1979-06-18 1980-12-16 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Electrodeless fluorescent light source having reduced far field electromagnetic radiation levels
US20050237144A1 (en) * 2002-07-25 2005-10-27 Koninklijke Phillips Electronics N.V. Planar inductance
US7642891B2 (en) * 2002-07-25 2010-01-05 St-Ericsson Sa Planar inductance
US20090219126A1 (en) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-03 Goto Electronic Co., Ltd. Alpha-turn coil
US20110032067A1 (en) * 2008-04-10 2011-02-10 Nxp B.V. 8-shaped inductor
US8183971B2 (en) * 2008-04-10 2012-05-22 Nxp B.V. 8-shaped inductor

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