US2879586A - Method for the production of ball tip writing instruments - Google Patents

Method for the production of ball tip writing instruments Download PDF

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Publication number
US2879586A
US2879586A US313318A US31331852A US2879586A US 2879586 A US2879586 A US 2879586A US 313318 A US313318 A US 313318A US 31331852 A US31331852 A US 31331852A US 2879586 A US2879586 A US 2879586A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ball
tube
writing
bore
constriction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US313318A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fehling Hans Reinhard
Wicks Ernest Arthur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Uruguaya De Fomento Industrial S A Cia
Uruguaya De Fomento Industrial SA Cia
Original Assignee
Uruguaya De Fomento Industrial SA Cia
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uruguaya De Fomento Industrial SA Cia filed Critical Uruguaya De Fomento Industrial SA Cia
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2879586A publication Critical patent/US2879586A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K1/00—Nibs; Writing-points
    • B43K1/08—Nibs; Writing-points with ball points; Balls or ball beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/76—Making other particular articles writing or drawing instruments, e.g. writing pens, erasing pens
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/4984—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts
    • Y10T29/49845—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts by deforming interlock
    • Y10T29/49853—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts by deforming interlock of sphere, i.e., ball, in socket

Definitions

  • the writing extremity or nib comprises a writing ball rotatably housed in and partly protruding from a socket or housing, which ball is supplied with ink from a reservoir by means of a feed duct or a passage of capillary size which communicates with the base of the socket or housing so that, as the ball is rotated by being moved over and in contact with a surface such for example as that of a sheet of paper, a thin film of ink is carried by the ball through the narrow gap between it and its housing and is deposited as a trace on the said surface; specifically the invention relates to writing extremities of such instruments.
  • the invention therefore provides a method for the production of a writing extremity for a ball tip writing instrument of the type specified from a tube having an internal diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the ball, which comprises the steps of forming a constriction in the bore of the tube and thereby producing a socket base or stop for preventing movement of the writing ball down the tube, and deforming the end of the tube to retain the ball in the socket.
  • the deformation is elfected by constricting an end of the tube to provide a lip for retaining the ball in the socket; specifically the internal constriction in the tube is formed by pressure applied externally to the said tube.
  • constriction in the bore shall consist of a plurality of (and preferably three) inward protrusions, for this results in the production of a plurality of bore seat portions separated by axially-extending ink channels.
  • a part-spherical base seat is formed simultaneously with the act of constriction by inserting into the tubular material a member having a part-spherical end surface and applying the external pressure in such manner that the local constriction is moulded partly around said part-spherical end surface.
  • the invention further includes in or for a ball tip writing instrument of the type specified, a writing extremity of tubular form with the ball socket at one end between an inturned lip on the tube and a local constriction in the bore of the tube produced by inward deformation of the material of the tube Walls.
  • the inward deformation, or the maximum inward deformation is preferably presented at a plurality of circumferentially spaced locations producing spaced base seat portions separated by axially extending ink channels.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view thereof with the ball removed
  • Figure 3 is a sectional elevation illustrating the tool employed in effecting the constriction and in producing part-spherical base seats for the ball,
  • Figure 4 illustrates a method of forming the lower part of the lateral seat surrounding the ball
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a further method of forming the lateral and the base seat.
  • the writing extremity 1 is made from metal tube having a bore 2 slightly larger than the diameter of the writing ball 3, which latter is conveniently 1 mm. in diameter.
  • the tube is made of an aluminium alloy sold under the registered trademark Duralumin it may have a wall thickness of approximately 0.25 mm. It may be produced by any manufacturing process known in the manufacture-of tubular material; for example, it may be extruded, or cold drawn.
  • the exterior of the tube is indented at 4 at a plurality of locations which are preferably equally spaced apart about the circumference.
  • a convenient and desirable number for such indentations is three.
  • the indentations are, of course, efiected by externally applied pressure and they result in the bore of the tube being constricted by an equal number of inward prot1usio-ns 5 which as shown are separated by axially extending ink channels 6.
  • These inward protrusions constitute a base seat for the ball 3 and they are preferably but not necessarily provided with part-spherical base seating surfaces 7 of the same radius as the ball.
  • the ball is held in position by the inward constriction of the lip 8 of the tube 1. This inward constriction is eifected by spinning or swaging and preferably the end of the tube is chamfered as at 9 to assist in producing constriction.
  • the constricted lip 8 is disposed above the equator of the ball (such equator being indicated by the chain dotted line 10) and is preferably so produced that the inner surface of the constricted lip also assumes a part-spherical configuration constituting a part-spherical lateral seat 11. As shown in Figure 1 this lateral seat 11 is disposed wholly or substantially wholly above the equator 10, but the constriction of the lip 8 may be so carried out that the lateral seat extends also below the equator of the ball.
  • the writing extremity is manufactured from a tube having a cylindrical bore of substantially the same diameter as the ball 3 the wall of the ball socket extending between the lateral seating and the inwardprotrusions is of cylindrical formation as indicated at 12. Therefore there is also produced a ball-encircling cavity 13 with which the channels 6 connect.
  • the constriction of the lip 8 may be so carried out that the gap between the ball and its socket or housing is not less than .001 mm. and not more than .01 mm. when this gap is measured in the manner described in British patent specification No. 629,283 H. G. Martin, the writing extremity being then well adapted for use with an oleaginous ink the viscosity of which is not less than 15 poise at 37 C.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a tool which is employed in the manufacture of the writing extremity. It consists of a body 14 having a bore 15 of a size to permit the insertion and removal of the tube 1 but afiording a comparatively close fit for said tube. This bore is of a predetermined depth terminating in a shoulder 16 and co-axially therewith there is a smaller bore 17 of substantially the same diameter as the bore of the tube, on which is fixed a male member 18 having a part spherical-end 19 protruding to a predetermined extent into the bore 2. At appropriate locations around the circumference of the tool there are radially slidable indenting punches 20-. In.
  • the punch at the left hand side is shown in the inner position and that at the right hand side shown in. the outer position.
  • the ends of these punches are appropriately shaped to produce the indentations 4, and the plane in which, their axes lie is spaced a predetermined distance from the shoulder 16.
  • the punches are shown as, having conical ends, they may with advantage be substantially square-ended so that the inward protrusions are formed by what is, to some extent, a shearing of the metal of the tube walls.
  • the tube 1 with its end chamfered as at 9 in Figure 1 is inserted in to the bore 15 until it is pressed against the shoulder 16.
  • the member 18 being fixed in position in the tool, the part-spherical end 19 of said member is thus entered into the bore of the tube.
  • the punches 20 are then forced inwards to a predetermined extent which may for example be limited by enlarged heads 21.
  • the indentations 4 are formed, and owing to the disposition of the plane of the axes of said punches with regard to the part-spherical end 19 the inward protrusions 5 are moulded partly about said end 19 thereby producing the part-spherical base seat surfaces 7.
  • the punches 20 may be forced in by mechanical means such for example as a ring'cam, or hydraulically or pneumatically or in any other suitable manner. They are likewise retracted in any suitable manner.
  • a ball which may be the writing ball or a similar ball is dropped into the end of the tube so as to rest on the surface 7' and then the lip of the tube is constricted by spinning or swaging.
  • the tube may be cleaned of dirt and swarf by a jet of compressed air.
  • tubing 1 having a bore of slightly less diameter than the hall.
  • the tube bore may be 0.90 mm. diameter.
  • the member 18 being about the same diameter as the ball, when the hemispherical end 19 is entered into the tube said member 18 acts as a punch and the bore of the upper end of the latter is enlarged to 1 mm. and is caused to conform to the said end 19 so that a part-spherical lower lateral seat 21 is produced.
  • the tool 14 is void of the member 18, so that neither the base seat 7, nor the lower lateral seat below the equator of the ball 3, are formed while this tool is in use but are formed during a subsequent swagingprocess.
  • a ball 3 is inserted in the end of the tube (Fig. 5) and then, by use of a swaging die 22 as shown in Fig. 6 the end of the tube is constricted about the ball to produce the upper and lower lateral seat and the ball is pressed onto the protrusion 5' to form base seatings in them.
  • the included angle in the interior of the swaging tool 22 should be about 80 and-the included angle to which, the end of the tubeis chamfered (as at 9) before swaging should be about 62".
  • the writing extremity there may be employed either a conventional automatic in which various tools are mounted on a turret or the like and are indexed so as to be presented one after another to the work piece, or a specially constructed machine in which successive tools are disposed at spaced locations around a circle and a work carrier carrying a plurality ofwork pieces is indexed so as to present each work piece to each of the tools in turn.
  • tubular stock may be cut to appropriate lengths on a separate machine or as an additional operation on the special machine and the sequence of operations in respect of each writing extremity is as follows:
  • a cut length or blank is fed into a loading collet on a turn table (there being a plurality of such collets at spaced locations around the turn table).
  • the ball is secured by spinning or swaging.
  • a method for the production of a writing extremity for a ball tip writing instrument of the type specified, from tubing which comprises the steps of forming a local constriction in the bore of the tube at one end thereof by externally-applied indenting pressure thereby producing a base in the bore constriction for a ball socket, forming a part-spherical base seat for the ball simultaneously with the act of constriction by inserting into the tube a member having a part-spherical end surface and applying the external pressure whereby the local constriction is moulded partly around said part-spherical end surace whereby said base seat is formed, inserting a ball member in the base, and constricting an end of the tube to provide a lip retaining the ball in the socket upon said base seat.
  • a method of making a writing extremity for a ball point pen of the type specified consisting in inserting a hollow tube of bore substantially equal to the diameter of the writing ball in a female die, inserting into the end of the bore, through the die, a tool having a part-spherical end face, forming a plurality of inwardly extending protrusions in the tube by applying pressure to at least three points spaced around theperiphery of the tube and extending through holes formed in the die, said protrusions eon tacting said part-spherical end face and being molded thereby, removing the tube. and inserting a ball, and applying a tool to the end of the tube, with the ball in position to swage the end of the tube in the formation of a ball-retaining lip.
  • a method for the production of a writing extremity for a ball tip writing instrument which comprises taking a tube of uniform inner diameter, introducing abutment means in the tube, applying indenting pressure at circumferentially spaced points on the exterior part of the tube adjacent the abutment means whereby the inner periphery of the tube, at points corresponding to said circumferentially spaced points, is caused to protrude in molded contact with said abutment means to form a base seat for the ball, inserting a ball member in said tube on said base seat, and constricting an end of the tube to provide a retaining lip for theball.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
US313318A 1951-10-05 1952-10-06 Method for the production of ball tip writing instruments Expired - Lifetime US2879586A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB23280/51A GB728130A (en) 1951-10-05 1951-10-05 Improvements in and relating to ball tip writing instruments

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2879586A true US2879586A (en) 1959-03-31

Family

ID=10193107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US313318A Expired - Lifetime US2879586A (en) 1951-10-05 1952-10-06 Method for the production of ball tip writing instruments

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2879586A (ja)
BE (2) BE514617A (ja)
CH (1) CH306666A (ja)
DE (1) DE1046451B (ja)
FR (2) FR1054547A (ja)
GB (1) GB728130A (ja)
NL (1) NL85946C (ja)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2969030A (en) * 1958-10-22 1961-01-24 Kahn David Inc Production of writing tips
US3047901A (en) * 1960-01-26 1962-08-07 Warner Lambert Pharmaceutical Ball-type applicator device
US3135231A (en) * 1960-07-22 1964-06-02 Schachter Friedrich Spinner head
US3192904A (en) * 1961-11-09 1965-07-06 Frank T Johmann Writing instrument
US3216399A (en) * 1962-07-26 1965-11-09 Scripto Inc Ball point tip with tangentially-formed lip portion and method of forming same
US3230935A (en) * 1957-08-06 1966-01-25 Irc Ltd Nibs for ball point writing instruments
US3352621A (en) * 1960-02-12 1967-11-14 Irc Ltd Ball point writing instrument
US3960455A (en) * 1975-07-07 1976-06-01 Max Balassiano Flexible double ball-point pen
EP0066541A1 (de) * 1981-06-01 1982-12-08 Albe S.A. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mit flüssiger Tinte gespeisten Kugelschreiberspitze und dadurch hergestellte Spitze
US4457644A (en) * 1979-12-21 1984-07-03 Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. Ball-point pen tip
US4717277A (en) * 1986-01-21 1988-01-05 Rudi Hutt Writing point and method for the production thereof
EP0679535A2 (en) 1994-04-29 1995-11-02 The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. Ballpoint pen tip, manufacturing method therefor, and ballpoint pen using the same
CN102873538A (zh) * 2012-09-24 2013-01-16 真彩文具股份有限公司 具有打三点功能的转盘式多工位笔头自动加工机床

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL85946C (ja) * 1951-10-05
US2834321A (en) * 1954-11-09 1958-05-13 Duefrene George Ball-type writing tip
DE3502088C1 (de) * 1985-01-23 1989-04-27 Gebr. Schneider Gmbh, 7741 Tennenbronn Kugelschreiberspitze
TW330501U (en) * 1993-12-22 1998-04-21 Pilot Ink Co Ltd Ballpoint pen adapted for writing thin characters
DE19613851C2 (de) * 1996-04-06 2001-04-05 Schwan Stabilo Schwanhaeusser Schreibgerätspitze insbesondere für ein höherviskoses thixotropes Schreibmedium

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE511872A (ja) * 1951-10-05
US348797A (en) * 1886-09-07 Charles e
DE692590C (de) * 1937-03-17 1940-06-22 Carl Schnuerle Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Flaschen mit gleichmaessiger innerer Halsoeffnung
US2266417A (en) * 1939-12-19 1941-12-16 Eisler Charles Machine for shaping the mouths of tubular glass articles
US2498009A (en) * 1947-06-27 1950-02-21 Hartley Pen Company Method of and apparatus for assembling ball-pointed writing instruments
US2500386A (en) * 1946-03-20 1950-03-14 Hyman R Segal Fountain pen
FR965335A (ja) * 1950-09-08
FR971021A (fr) * 1947-04-02 1951-01-11 Biro Patente A G Perfectionnements aux instruments pour écrire à réservoir
FR976131A (fr) * 1948-06-02 1951-03-14 Stylographe
DE819954C (de) * 1949-05-14 1951-11-05 Hermann Mayr Kugelfassung fuer Kugelschreiber
GB660784A (en) * 1946-09-05 1951-11-14 Eagle Pencil Co Improvements in or relating to ball point writing instruments
FR1003293A (fr) * 1949-12-13 1952-03-17 Perfectionnements aux stylographes à bille
US2646761A (en) * 1947-08-13 1953-07-28 W A Sheaffer Pen Co Method of making ball-type writing tips
US2718051A (en) * 1946-03-30 1955-09-20 Eversharp Inc Method of making ball type writing instruments

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR965139A (ja) * 1950-09-04
US2390636A (en) * 1943-04-17 1945-12-11 Biro Laszlo Jozsef Writing instrument
LU28117A1 (ja) * 1944-07-19
LU30320A1 (ja) * 1945-07-05
FR935742A (fr) * 1946-10-11 1948-06-29 Stylographe perfectionné à bille traçante, procédé et machine pour son montage
DE820254C (de) * 1950-04-18 1951-11-08 Hermann Mayr Kugelschreibspitze fuer fluessige und pastenfoermige Tinten
DE870962C (de) * 1950-12-15 1953-03-19 Plasma Erzeugnisse G M B H Kugelschreiber

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR965335A (ja) * 1950-09-08
US348797A (en) * 1886-09-07 Charles e
DE692590C (de) * 1937-03-17 1940-06-22 Carl Schnuerle Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Flaschen mit gleichmaessiger innerer Halsoeffnung
US2266417A (en) * 1939-12-19 1941-12-16 Eisler Charles Machine for shaping the mouths of tubular glass articles
US2500386A (en) * 1946-03-20 1950-03-14 Hyman R Segal Fountain pen
US2718051A (en) * 1946-03-30 1955-09-20 Eversharp Inc Method of making ball type writing instruments
GB660784A (en) * 1946-09-05 1951-11-14 Eagle Pencil Co Improvements in or relating to ball point writing instruments
FR971021A (fr) * 1947-04-02 1951-01-11 Biro Patente A G Perfectionnements aux instruments pour écrire à réservoir
US2498009A (en) * 1947-06-27 1950-02-21 Hartley Pen Company Method of and apparatus for assembling ball-pointed writing instruments
US2646761A (en) * 1947-08-13 1953-07-28 W A Sheaffer Pen Co Method of making ball-type writing tips
FR976131A (fr) * 1948-06-02 1951-03-14 Stylographe
DE819954C (de) * 1949-05-14 1951-11-05 Hermann Mayr Kugelfassung fuer Kugelschreiber
FR1003293A (fr) * 1949-12-13 1952-03-17 Perfectionnements aux stylographes à bille
BE511872A (ja) * 1951-10-05

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3230935A (en) * 1957-08-06 1966-01-25 Irc Ltd Nibs for ball point writing instruments
US2969030A (en) * 1958-10-22 1961-01-24 Kahn David Inc Production of writing tips
US3047901A (en) * 1960-01-26 1962-08-07 Warner Lambert Pharmaceutical Ball-type applicator device
US3352621A (en) * 1960-02-12 1967-11-14 Irc Ltd Ball point writing instrument
US3135231A (en) * 1960-07-22 1964-06-02 Schachter Friedrich Spinner head
US3192904A (en) * 1961-11-09 1965-07-06 Frank T Johmann Writing instrument
US3216399A (en) * 1962-07-26 1965-11-09 Scripto Inc Ball point tip with tangentially-formed lip portion and method of forming same
US3960455A (en) * 1975-07-07 1976-06-01 Max Balassiano Flexible double ball-point pen
US4457644A (en) * 1979-12-21 1984-07-03 Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. Ball-point pen tip
EP0066541A1 (de) * 1981-06-01 1982-12-08 Albe S.A. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mit flüssiger Tinte gespeisten Kugelschreiberspitze und dadurch hergestellte Spitze
US4717277A (en) * 1986-01-21 1988-01-05 Rudi Hutt Writing point and method for the production thereof
EP0679535A2 (en) 1994-04-29 1995-11-02 The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. Ballpoint pen tip, manufacturing method therefor, and ballpoint pen using the same
EP0679535A3 (en) * 1994-04-29 1996-01-10 Pilot Ink Co Ltd Ball point pen, associated manufacturing method and pen using such a point.
US5899625A (en) * 1994-04-29 1999-05-04 The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. Ballpoint pen tip
US5904432A (en) * 1994-04-29 1999-05-18 The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd. Ballpoint pen tip, manufacturing method therefor, and ballpoint pen using the same
CN102873538A (zh) * 2012-09-24 2013-01-16 真彩文具股份有限公司 具有打三点功能的转盘式多工位笔头自动加工机床
CN102873538B (zh) * 2012-09-24 2015-10-28 真彩文具股份有限公司 具有打三点功能的转盘式多工位笔头自动加工机床

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB728130A (en) 1955-04-13
DE1046451B (de) 1958-12-11
BE514617A (ja)
NL85946C (ja)
FR1078956A (fr) 1954-11-24
CH306666A (fr) 1955-04-30
BE511872A (ja)
FR1054547A (fr) 1954-02-11

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