US2813772A - Television tube grid structure - Google Patents

Television tube grid structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US2813772A
US2813772A US376052A US37605253A US2813772A US 2813772 A US2813772 A US 2813772A US 376052 A US376052 A US 376052A US 37605253 A US37605253 A US 37605253A US 2813772 A US2813772 A US 2813772A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wire
grid
wires
cathode
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US376052A
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English (en)
Inventor
Zaphiropoulos Renn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chromatic Television Laboratories Inc
Original Assignee
Chromatic Television Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE531368D priority Critical patent/BE531368A/xx
Priority to NL190055D priority patent/NL190055A/xx
Application filed by Chromatic Television Laboratories Inc filed Critical Chromatic Television Laboratories Inc
Priority to US376052A priority patent/US2813772A/en
Priority to GB23522/54A priority patent/GB773805A/en
Priority to DEC9842A priority patent/DE941917C/de
Priority to CH324877D priority patent/CH324877A/de
Priority to FR1106643D priority patent/FR1106643A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2813772A publication Critical patent/US2813772A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/80—Arrangements for controlling the ray or beam after passing the main deflection system, e.g. for post-acceleration or post-concentration, for colour switching
    • H01J29/803—Arrangements for controlling the ray or beam after passing the main deflection system, e.g. for post-acceleration or post-concentration, for colour switching for post-acceleration or post-deflection, e.g. for colour switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0012—Constructional arrangements
    • H01J2893/0019—Chemical composition and manufacture
    • H01J2893/0022—Manufacture
    • H01J2893/0024—Planar grids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cathrode-ray tubes designed especially, but not exclusively, for the reproduction of images in substantially natural color. More particularly, the invention relates to a cathrode-ray tube of the type having a grid structure of parallel wires positioned adjacent to a striped phosphor coated screen, or
  • the Okolicsanyi disclosure also makes use of such a grid as a component of an electron lens system to focus A the beam electrons into a pattern of thin parallel lines registered with the phosphor strips of the screen.
  • PDF post-deection-focusing
  • This concept of PDF has been amplified and extended by Ernest O. Lawrence, and certain characteristics of the resulting structure have been described in the literature (for example, TeleTech Magazine for November 1951, page 38 et seq.).
  • the tube to be described may incorporate a screen, or target electrode, made up of a relatively large number of very narrow phosphor strips arranged in a selected or predetermined chromatic sequence, such that when excited by an impacting cathoderay light is produced in the component colors red,l green, blue,k green, red, green, and so on.
  • the surface of the phosphor coatings faced away from the support base is then coated with a metallic layer, usually called an aluminized layer or the screen in some other manner provided with an electrically conductive electron permeable coating.
  • a grid assembly is located adjacent tothe aluminized or conductive coating of such phosphor screen.
  • grid may be made up of parallel coplanar linear conductors or wires, and so related to the phosphor strips that, in an electron-optical sense, there is a wire aligned with each phosphor-coated strip adapted to produce red light.
  • wires for convenience of reference will herein be called red and blue wires and the related strips called red and blue strips.
  • the wires related to each of the red strips are connected to a joined together electrically.
  • the blue wires are similarly between the plane of the wire grid assembly and the conductive coating on the phosphor screen, there may be established a difference of potential of such magnitude and polarity as to create a series of converging cylindrical lenses for the electrons of the scanning beam directed to the screen or target.
  • the lens system so functions that the beam electrons are caused to focus to a fine line pattern on the phosphor screen with an applied potential difference effective between the conductive coating and the average grid voltage of about three times that effective between the electron source and the grid, this line structure having no necessary direct geometrical relationship to the path covered by the scanning beam in tracing the lines of the image raster.
  • the beam electrons may be focussed by the above-described lens structure into a series of lines parallel to the phosphor strips. If there is a zero potential difference between the redl and blue terminals of the wire grid, then these lines formed by the beam electrons may be caused to.lie within the boundaries ofthe green strips. -If the Wires associated with the red strips are made positive relative to the wires electron-optically related to the blue strips, the beam electrons will be deflected laterally, and the thin lines will now lie within the boundaries. of the red strips. Similarly, the electrons will strike the blue strips when the wires associated with such strips are relatively positive with respectto the red wires. Different component colors are thus displayed according -to the potential difference (if any) existing between the -two sections of the grid wire assembly.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide Van improved form of cathode-ray tube designed especially, but not exclusively, for the reproduction of images in color.
  • -A further object of the present invention is to provide, "in-ay polychrome cathode-ray tube having a grid structure of parallel wires, a method and means for fabricating this grid structure so that the wires thereof will be under substantially uniform tension and will retain their parallelism following bake-out of the tube into which the grid structure is incorporated.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a method and means for constructing a grid wire assembly, adapted for incorporation in an image-reproducing cathode-ray tube, so that the tension of any particular wire of the grid assembly may be greater following tube bake-out than it was before such operation was begun.
  • Figure 1 is a partly schematic representation of one form of cathode-ray tube in which the present invention may be incorporated;
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of Figure 1; .and
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a portion of the wire grid assembly of Figure 1.
  • This tube 10 includes the usual components,
  • an electron gun for developing a beam of electrons, and suitable means for deecting this electron beam 12 in substantially mutually perpendicular directions so as to trace a raster image on the tube target electrode. Since these basic operational features are well known in the television art, no detailed description is believed necessary, although reference is made to the aforementioned Lawrence United States Patent No. 2,692,532 for a more extended explanation.
  • the target electrode of tube 10 for ease of illustration, i-s disclosedas forming part of a separate unit or assembly 14 mounted in any suitable manner adjacent to the transparent end wall 16 of the tube.
  • the end wall 16 when suitably configured may itself comprise ⁇ the target electrode if convenient or desirable.
  • the assembly 14 (which includes a transparent base plate 18, a phosphor coating 20 thereon, and a grid of parallel conductors 22 adjacent to the phosphor coating 20) is positioned and supported within tube 10 so that the light produced by impingement of the scanning beam 12 on the phosphor coating 20 may be viewed by an observer through the transparent end wall 16 of the cathode-ray tube.
  • the base plate 18 may be of glass or other suitable material.
  • the phosphor coating 20 is preferably in the form of a plurality of narrow strips which have the property of lluorescing in different component colors of the image to be reconstituted, these colors, for example, being red, green and blue. These strips are laid down side-by-side in a predetermined chromatic sequence. As best shown in Figure 3, the order chosen for illustration is such that they produce light in red, green, blue, green, red, green, and so on as scanned in sequence. This order, however, forms no part of the present invention, reference again being made to Lawrence United States Patent No. 2,692,532 for further details.
  • the phosphor coating 20 is then aluminized or otherwise provided with a thin film of electrically-conductive electron permeable material on theside toward the source of the impinging electrons.
  • the grid adjacent to the target surface 20 is composed of a plurality of parallelly arranged linear conductors, such as the wires 22, aligned with the phosphor strips.
  • FIG. 3 A small section of the striped phosphor surface 20 of the they will be omitted from target electrode is illustrated in Figure 3 (which is not drawn to scale) in order to permit a clear showing of the phosphor strip sequence, it being appreciated that the illustration is for this purpose only.
  • each so-called red and blue phosphor strip there is a grid wire associated with each so-called red and blue phosphor strip, but none with the green strips.
  • red and blue wires By cyclically varying the voltage of the red wires with respect to the voltage of the blue wires, different chromatic aspects of an image are successively presented.
  • drawings of the present application are not ⁇ to scale, and that the relative dimensions and spacings of the illustrated components are intentially distorted for ease of presentation and to aid in an understanding of the invention.
  • each pair of wires may, in an electron-optical sense, be considered as subtending strip areas including phosphors to produce all colors.
  • a potential is applied to the conductive coating on the phosphor surface 20 which is relatively positive with respect to the average, or D.C., potential of the wires 22 of the grid assembly.
  • This gives rise to a plurality of cylindrical electrostatic lenses, which serve to focus the electrons of the scanning beam 12 into a series of fine lines registered with the phosphor strips.
  • the wires 22 act as one component of a lens-grid.
  • the present invention is obviously applicable to cases where the wires 22 serve as a color-changing device alone, as will subsequently appear.
  • any suitable method may be employed for positioning the wires 22 so that they are adjacent to the phosphor-coated surface 20 of the target electrode, a pair of bars 24 and 26 is shown, each of these bars having on its upper surface a series of grooves for aligning the -wires 22 and preventing lateral movement thereof at such structing the grid wire assembly of Figures l, 2 and 3 so that the tension of each of the wires 22 may be changed by the bake-out operation which takes place during manufacture of the cathode-ray tube. This is accomplished by utilizing for the grid assembly wire which has been cold drawn or has otherwise experienced hardening through an elongation, or other deformation, of its crystalline structure without subsequent heating.
  • a wire is that known as #302 stainless steel hard drawn.
  • the wire will not shrink, but, on the contrary, it will extend and permanently deform to the degree necessary to make the nal tension in the wire equal a value determined by the yield point of the wire at that temperature.
  • one of the objects of the present invention is to permit a relatively loose winding of the grid wire assembly, the latter of the two conditions set forth above should not be frequently encountered.
  • any shrinkage which may take place in a particular wire strand depends on (l) the original tension of the wire strand before tube bake-out, (2) the maximum temperature reached during such operation, and (3) the time at such temperature.
  • the cathode-ray tube by subjecting the cathode-ray tube to the bake-out temperature of approximately 750 F., a partial compensation is achieved for unequal tension in the respective wire strands following the winding of the grid assembly, as shown in the following table:
  • the amount of stress relief which occurs for each particular type of cold drawn wire under the temperatures to be encountered during tube bake-out depends upon its previous treatment, and will determine the final ⁇ tension of the grid wires, subject to the differential coeilicient of thermal expansion of the wire 22, the base plate 18, and the metal frame (not shown) of which the two retaining assemblies 28 and 30 of Figure l form a part.
  • a desirable final tautness of the grid wires may be achieved.
  • the recovery temperature limit set forth above is a function of previous treatment of the metal, of composition, of the method of producing the stress, and of the time at the selected relief temperature. Beyond this limit recrystallization occurs.
  • the method of fabricating a grid assembly for a cathode-ray tube which includes the steps of arranging uncoated cold drawn wire upon a support so as to form a plurality of substantially parallel strands lying approximately in a single plane, with each such strand being supported at or near the extremities thereof, inserting the said supported wire into a cathode-ray tube envelope, and then baking-out said cathode-ray tube at a temperature less than that at which recrystallization of the wire occurs to at least partially relieve the stress in said wire caused by the cold drawing thereof.
  • the method of fabricating a grid structure for a cathode-ray tube which includes the steps of winding upon a support a continuous uncoated cold drawn wire to form a plurality of closely spaced substantially parallel turns separated from one another by a distance approximately that of one elemental area of the image to be reconstituted upon the target area of the cathode-ray tube with which the grid is to be assembled, each turn of said supported wire having a certain degree of tautness, inserting said supported wire within a cathode-ray tube envelope, and then subjecting said cathode-ray tube to a temperature lying within the bake-out range for said cathode-ray tube and which is less than that at which recrystallization occurs to change the degree of tautness of each turn of said supported and uncoated wire by at least partially reliev- ⁇ ing thestresspresent in said'wire caused by the lcold drawfinsfthersff f 3.
  • hejmethod .of fabricating a grid structure for a 'the stressed state to the supports, positioning the supports and'thelthereon strung conductors within the cathode-ray ytube envelopefor tube evacuation, heating the assembly Ato a temperature which is sufficiently high for tube bakeout and within the stress relief range, below recrystallization temperature, of the uncoated conductors thereby to .relieve molecular stress within the conductors and removing theheat to increase the tautness of the conductors .with cooling.
  • the method of fabricating a grid structure for a cathode-ray tube comprising the steps of Stringing cold ⁇ drawn uncoated linear conductors in substantial parallelism and in coplanar fashion between supports separated from each other by a distance sufficiently great that the strung conductors span one dimension of a raster area to be traced, stressing the conductors to a tautness approachitgbt less lthan an optimum value, anchoring the conductors inthe stress state to the supports, positioning 4the ysupports and the thereon strung conductors within the cathode-ray tube envelope inthe region of the viewing window for' tube evacuation, heating the assembly to a temperature which is suticiently high for tube bake-out during evacuation and within the stress relief range, below recrystallization temperature, of the strung uncoated conductors thereby to relieve molecular stress within the conductors and removing the heat to increase the tautness of the conductors with cooling.

Landscapes

  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
US376052A 1953-08-24 1953-08-24 Television tube grid structure Expired - Lifetime US2813772A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE531368D BE531368A (ru) 1953-08-24
NL190055D NL190055A (ru) 1953-08-24
US376052A US2813772A (en) 1953-08-24 1953-08-24 Television tube grid structure
GB23522/54A GB773805A (en) 1953-08-24 1954-08-13 Television tube grid structure
DEC9842A DE941917C (de) 1953-08-24 1954-08-22 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gittern grosser Abmessungen, insbesondere fuer Farbfernsehroehren, und nach diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Gitter
CH324877D CH324877A (de) 1953-08-24 1954-08-23 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gittern grosser Abmessungen, insbesondere für Farbfernsehröhren und nach diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Gitter
FR1106643D FR1106643A (fr) 1953-08-24 1954-08-24 Procédé de fabrication de grilles de grandes dimensions, en particulier pour tubesde télévision en couleurs

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US376052A US2813772A (en) 1953-08-24 1953-08-24 Television tube grid structure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2813772A true US2813772A (en) 1957-11-19

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US376052A Expired - Lifetime US2813772A (en) 1953-08-24 1953-08-24 Television tube grid structure

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2813772A (ru)
BE (1) BE531368A (ru)
CH (1) CH324877A (ru)
DE (1) DE941917C (ru)
FR (1) FR1106643A (ru)
GB (1) GB773805A (ru)
NL (1) NL190055A (ru)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0366055A2 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Video display device
EP0374572A2 (de) * 1988-12-22 1990-06-27 Nokia (Deutschland) GmbH Kathoden/Steueranordnung für eine Flachbildröhre und Rahmen für eine solche Anordnung
US20020113543A1 (en) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-22 Futaba Corporation Electron tube and method for producing same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1280825A (en) * 1918-05-18 1918-10-08 Gen Electric Process of treating drawn metal.
US2142865A (en) * 1937-03-24 1939-01-03 Gen Electric Method of manufacturing filaments
US2463535A (en) * 1946-03-22 1949-03-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
GB689564A (en) * 1947-06-03 1953-04-01 Emi Ltd Improvements in or relating to the treatment of metal meshes or foils so as to render them taut
US2653263A (en) * 1952-01-08 1953-09-22 Chromatic Television Lab Inc Color control grid structure for cathode-ray tubes

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1280825A (en) * 1918-05-18 1918-10-08 Gen Electric Process of treating drawn metal.
US2142865A (en) * 1937-03-24 1939-01-03 Gen Electric Method of manufacturing filaments
US2463535A (en) * 1946-03-22 1949-03-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
GB689564A (en) * 1947-06-03 1953-04-01 Emi Ltd Improvements in or relating to the treatment of metal meshes or foils so as to render them taut
US2708788A (en) * 1947-06-03 1955-05-24 Emi Ltd Rendering metal meshes taut
US2653263A (en) * 1952-01-08 1953-09-22 Chromatic Television Lab Inc Color control grid structure for cathode-ray tubes

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0366055A2 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-02 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Video display device
EP0366055A3 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-06-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Video display device
US4982134A (en) * 1988-10-26 1991-01-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Video display device
EP0374572A2 (de) * 1988-12-22 1990-06-27 Nokia (Deutschland) GmbH Kathoden/Steueranordnung für eine Flachbildröhre und Rahmen für eine solche Anordnung
EP0374572A3 (de) * 1988-12-22 1991-07-10 Nokia (Deutschland) GmbH Kathoden/Steueranordnung für eine Flachbildröhre und Rahmen für eine solche Anordnung
US20020113543A1 (en) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-22 Futaba Corporation Electron tube and method for producing same
US7002288B2 (en) * 2001-02-20 2006-02-21 Futaba Corporation Electron tube and method for producing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1106643A (fr) 1955-12-21
CH324877A (de) 1957-10-15
NL190055A (ru)
GB773805A (en) 1957-05-01
DE941917C (de) 1956-04-19
BE531368A (ru)

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