US2807544A - Light sensitive diazotype compositions containing alumina pigments - Google Patents

Light sensitive diazotype compositions containing alumina pigments Download PDF

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Publication number
US2807544A
US2807544A US399815A US39981553A US2807544A US 2807544 A US2807544 A US 2807544A US 399815 A US399815 A US 399815A US 39981553 A US39981553 A US 39981553A US 2807544 A US2807544 A US 2807544A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
alumina
sensitizing
light sensitive
base
azo dye
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US399815A
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English (en)
Inventor
Frederick Joseph Edward
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GAF Chemicals Corp
Original Assignee
General Aniline and Film Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7908683,A priority Critical patent/NL184669B/xx
Priority to BE526174D priority patent/BE526174A/xx
Application filed by General Aniline and Film Corp filed Critical General Aniline and Film Corp
Priority to US399815A priority patent/US2807544A/en
Priority to GB2373/54A priority patent/GB751111A/en
Priority to FR1097264D priority patent/FR1097264A/fr
Priority to DEG14351A priority patent/DE958984C/de
Priority to CH332165D priority patent/CH332165A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2807544A publication Critical patent/US2807544A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/52—Compositions containing diazo compounds as photosensitive substances
    • G03C1/61—Compositions containing diazo compounds as photosensitive substances with non-macromolecular additives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to light sensitive diazotype materials, and especially to the use of finely divided alumina dispersed in the sensitizing solutions for said materials in order to enhance the density of the azo dye images produced in such materials.
  • the manufacture of the usual light sensitive diazotype materials involves the application to a fibrous base, such as paper, of a sensitizing solution containing as its main ingredients alight sensitive diazonium compound and an azo dye coupling component. In the processing of such materials they are exposed to light under a pattern to decompose the light sensitive diazonium compound where the light is transmitted by the pattern. Subsequently, a positive dye image is formed by coupling residual diazonium compound and azo coupler in an alkaline medium, preferably ammonia gas.
  • the bases are generally fibrous in nature and the sensitizing components are applied thereto from an aqueous solution. Consequently, the components of the solutions strike into the base, thereby re ducing their availability to the exposure light. In addition, by so striking through, they produce an image; of low density and a sensitized material with a low printing speed.
  • binders are incompatible with the sensitizing solution. It is for this reason that the pigment and binder are applied as a precoat to the base. Such operation injects an additional and unwanted coating step and also gives rise to difficulties in maintaining the coating machines free from binder.
  • the manufacturing procedure is also complicated by reason of the fact that an item is incorporated (binder) having no direct bearing on the processing of light sensitive materials. Consequently, while my prior disclosure covers a method which does enhance dye density, the solution is far from optimum for the indicated reasons. 7
  • the colloidal silica forms a continuous film -of discrete particles on the base, giving rise to curl and brittleness.
  • the disadvantages inherent in the von Glahn and Stanley procedure would, therefore, lead to the inevitable conclusion that a commercially satisfactory method for improving dye density could not be effected through use of a very finely divided pigment in the coating solution.
  • the alumina is any finely divided alumina having a particle size ranging from 5 microns down to and including alumina in the entire colloidal range.
  • the alumina may be in any of its various crystalline forms or mixtures thereof.
  • the alumina is chemically pure, consisting of about 99% or more of aluminum oxide.
  • alumina which I have found to be exceedingly effective is that sold by Godfrey L. Cabot Company of Boston, Massachusetts, under the trademark Alon.
  • This product is essentially A1203 99% pure, being a mixture of various crystalline forms of alumina.
  • the material has a particle ,size ranging from .02 to .04 micron and a surface area of 30-70 square meters per gram. It is to be,understood, however, that this is merely an illustration of a readily available material for my purpose, and that any other alumina having the stated particle size and being substantially chemically pure will serve as well.
  • the alumina may be added to the sensitizing composition in the form of a dry powder and then dispersed by high speed agitation or the like until the resulting composition is homogeneous. Conversely, the alumina may be separately dispersed by slurrying with water or a small portionof the sensitizing solution to produce therein a uniformly homogeneous paste which is added to the slurry of the sensitizing composition with stirring.
  • the quantity of the alumina which is added may range from about 1-10% by weightof the sensitizing composition. Best results, however, are obtained when the alumina is present in a concentration of from about 2.5 to 5.5% by weight of thesensitizing solution.
  • the sensitizing solution is applied to the base by any convenient means, as, for instance, roller application, spraying, brush coating or the like. Care must be taken to ensure that the excess is doctored ofl. either with an air knife, doctor blade or similar means.
  • diazo compounds examples include those derived from p-amino diphenylamine', p-phenylene-diamine sulfonic acid, lp-(N-hydroxyethyl-N- methylamiuo) aniline, p-(N hydroxyethyl-N-ethylamino) aniline, p-amino-N-ethyl-otoluidine, p-diethylaminoaniline, p-(N-benzyl-N-ethyl) aniline and the like. It is evident that these diazos are of the class of p-phenylenediamines, in which one nitrogen atom is monoor disubstituted.
  • the diazo compounds are employed in the form of their stabilized salts, such as the zinc chloride double salt, cadmium salt, the chlorobenzene sulfonate, the tin chloride double salt, the borofiuoride salt and the like.
  • the particular coupling components utilized in the sensitizing compositions are not critical to the invention. Thus, usual coupling components are satisfactory for my purpose.
  • suitable couplers are resorcinol, resorcinol sulfonic acid, di-sodium salt of 2-naphthol-3,6- disulfonic acid, phloroglucinol, 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalenefi sulfonic acid and the like.
  • the coating solution may also contain the various adjuncts usual in the manufacture of light senistive diazotype materials.
  • These include metal salts for intensification of the dyestutf image, such as ammonium sulfate, nickel sulfate, zinc chloride and the like; stabilizing agents such as thiourea, thiosinamine; naphthalene trisulfonic acid and the like; acids acting to retard precoupling such as acetic acid, boric acid, tartaric acid and the like; hygroscopic agents such as glycol, glycerin and the like; and wetting. agents such as ,saponin, lauryl sulfonate, keryl benzene sulfonate, the oleic acid amide of N-methyl taurine and the like.
  • the base to which the coating solution is applied may be any of those which have been previously suggested for employment in the diazo type field.
  • bases are high-grade, all-sulfite paper, rag paper, rayon
  • the use of the finely divided alumina in the sensitizing composition leads to manifold advantages, none of which could be deduciblc from prior work, particularly my prior application described above and the work of von Glahn and Stanley.
  • the alumina may be added directly to the diazotype sensitizing solution and the base sensitized in a one-step operation. This eliminates the precoating operation whereby a considerable saving in cost and production time is effected. At the same time, there is no sacrifice in quality of the product when compared to the precoated product of my prior case.
  • the alumina pigment when it is properly dispersed in the sensitizing composition, remains suspended without the necessity of agitation or circulating systems which are a necessary adjunct for pigments of larger particle size.
  • the alumina when dispersed in the diazotype solutions adsorbs the component parts of the solution onto and into the pores thereof.
  • the sensitizing solution, containing the alumina is properly applied to the base a greatly improved physical and chemical distribution of the dye components results. This, in turn, means the attainment of markedly improved density with no sacrifice in printing speed or a much more rapid printing speed with maintenance of the original density level.
  • the inert alumina when incorporated into the sensitizing compositions, has the ability to inhibit the penetration of the sensitizer into porous base materials.
  • the alumina acts to retain the sensitizing components in the inner particles of the alumina and at the surface of the base material whereby most effective results ensue.
  • the prints produced by exposing and developing the coated paper have greatly improved dye density over prints produced with the same sensitizing solutions but free from alumina.
  • My prints moreover, are free from crocking, eliminating the necessity for a binder, it being noted that a binder is largely responsible for sticky prints which do not process satisfactorily through most reproduction machines.
  • My prints possess a white background resulting in improved contact. They also have a desirable matte appearance free from feathering to ink line and possess excellent pencil tooth.
  • the diazotype materials containing alumina applied as stated have developing characteristics superior to those free from alumina.
  • sensitizing compositions containing the alumina contemplated herein is the possibility of extending diazotype coatings to very desirable bases which heretofore could not be so employed.
  • the inability of the art to use such bases was attributable to a tendency of the bases to repel the coating compositions, for one reason or another, such as supercalendering of the surface, impregnation of. the base with hydrophobic materials and the like.
  • the coating of such papers in the past led to little success and in many instances the coating compositions were shed by the surfaces involved to an extent equivalent to the shedding of water by the proverbial ducks back.
  • Bases of the type which I have in mind are, for example, of highly calendered rag paper, particularly when transparentized by use of resinous materials, waterproof tracing paper, tracing clothcalendered with hydrophobic lubricants and the like.
  • diazotype materials in which such materials operate as a base, due to the inability of the art to uniformly coat such bases without obtaining a mottled effect, they have been rarely used.
  • the coating compositions containing the alumina previously mentioned eliminate the tendency of the bases to repel the coating compositions and to do away with the nonuniform coatings previously obtained.
  • the particular reason why the alumina operates as it does with the specified surfaces is not known and has not been completely investigated.
  • the phenomenon mentioned is bottomed on a surface abrasion by the alumina particles which render the surface sufliciently matte in finish so that a smooth coating may be obtained.
  • the fact is that by employing the alumina it is possible to use papers of hydrophobic nature which heretofore had been considered of no utility in this field because of their resistance to uniform coatings.
  • this extension of the diazotype coating technique to extremely desirable bases is a matter of great magnitude from the standpoint of the customer and manufacturer.
  • Example 1 A sensitizing solution for blue-line prints was prepared from the following components:
  • Example II High-grade, all-sulfite bond paper is coated with a sepia line sensitizing solution of the following composition:
  • the alumina is dispersed in the sensitizing solution as in Example I.
  • the sepia line prints obtained from the coatings of this Example have characteristics similar to those of Example 1.
  • alumina may be used with other formulations than those designated in the Examples, i. e., black and red-line formulations. 1, therefore, do not intend to be limited in the patent granted except as necessitated by the appended claims.
  • Sensitizing compositions for light sensitive diazotype materials comprising an aqueous dispersion of a light sensitive diazonium compound, an azo dye coupling component and a substantially chemically pure aluminum oxide having a particle size ranging from 5 microns downward.
  • Light sensitive diazotype materials comprising a base coated with the sensitizing composition of claim 1.
  • Light sensitive diazotype materials comprising a base coated with the sensitizing composition of claim 2.
  • the process of producing azo dye images having a matte appearance and high density and brightness which comprises exposing under a pattern a base coated with a sensitizing composition comprising an aqueous dispersion of light sensitive diazonium compound, an azo dye coupling component and a substantially chemically pure aluminum oxide having a particle size ranging from 5 microns downward, and subjecting the exposed base to an alkali to effect azo dye formation between the coupling component and residual diazonium compound.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
  • Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US399815A 1953-12-22 1953-12-22 Light sensitive diazotype compositions containing alumina pigments Expired - Lifetime US2807544A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NLAANVRAGE7908683,A NL184669B (nl) 1953-12-22 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van uit elastomeer duromeer samengestelde delen.
BE526174D BE526174A (en(2012)) 1953-12-22
US399815A US2807544A (en) 1953-12-22 1953-12-22 Light sensitive diazotype compositions containing alumina pigments
GB2373/54A GB751111A (en) 1953-12-22 1954-01-26 Light sensitive diazotype compositions containing alumina
FR1097264D FR1097264A (fr) 1953-12-22 1954-01-29 Compositions diazotypes, sensibles à la lumière et contenant des pigments d'alumine, leur procédé de fabrication et leurs applications
DEG14351A DE958984C (de) 1953-12-22 1954-05-06 Sensibilisierungsgemisch fuer Diazotypiematerialien
CH332165D CH332165A (de) 1953-12-22 1954-05-18 Sensibilisiergemisch für lichtempfindliche Diazotypiematerialien

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US399815A US2807544A (en) 1953-12-22 1953-12-22 Light sensitive diazotype compositions containing alumina pigments

Publications (1)

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US2807544A true US2807544A (en) 1957-09-24

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US (1) US2807544A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE526174A (en(2012))
CH (1) CH332165A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE958984C (en(2012))
FR (1) FR1097264A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB751111A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL184669B (en(2012))

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3102812A (en) * 1960-11-16 1963-09-03 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Stabilizers for one-component diazotype materials
US3129101A (en) * 1961-11-01 1964-04-14 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Heat-sensitive copy-sheet
US3146348A (en) * 1961-09-25 1964-08-25 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Heat-sensitive copy-sheet

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2205991A (en) * 1935-12-28 1940-06-25 Kalle & Co Ag Diazotype process
US2552354A (en) * 1947-04-16 1951-05-08 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Diazotype layers containing diazos of n-(2-hydroxypropyl)-phenylenediamines
US2665985A (en) * 1949-10-26 1954-01-12 Keuffel & Esser Co Light-sensitive diazo compounds and photoprint material prepared therefrom
US2672418A (en) * 1950-01-17 1954-03-16 Keuffel & Esser Co Light-sensitive diazotype material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2205991A (en) * 1935-12-28 1940-06-25 Kalle & Co Ag Diazotype process
US2552354A (en) * 1947-04-16 1951-05-08 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Diazotype layers containing diazos of n-(2-hydroxypropyl)-phenylenediamines
US2665985A (en) * 1949-10-26 1954-01-12 Keuffel & Esser Co Light-sensitive diazo compounds and photoprint material prepared therefrom
US2672418A (en) * 1950-01-17 1954-03-16 Keuffel & Esser Co Light-sensitive diazotype material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3102812A (en) * 1960-11-16 1963-09-03 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Stabilizers for one-component diazotype materials
US3146348A (en) * 1961-09-25 1964-08-25 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Heat-sensitive copy-sheet
US3129101A (en) * 1961-11-01 1964-04-14 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Heat-sensitive copy-sheet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE958984C (de) 1957-02-28
BE526174A (en(2012))
FR1097264A (fr) 1955-07-04
GB751111A (en) 1956-06-27
NL184669B (nl)
CH332165A (de) 1958-08-31

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