US2806929A - Photo-sensitive device - Google Patents

Photo-sensitive device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2806929A
US2806929A US423571A US42357154A US2806929A US 2806929 A US2806929 A US 2806929A US 423571 A US423571 A US 423571A US 42357154 A US42357154 A US 42357154A US 2806929 A US2806929 A US 2806929A
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United States
Prior art keywords
photo
bar
leads
sensitive device
plastic
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Expired - Lifetime
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US423571A
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Robert A Langevin
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Clevite Corp
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Clevite Corp
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Publication date
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Priority to US423571A priority Critical patent/US2806929A/en
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Publication of US2806929A publication Critical patent/US2806929A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
    • Y10T29/49087—Resistor making with envelope or housing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a photo-sensitive device having particularly small dimensions, which is simple in construction, and which can be readily fabricated in large quantities at low cost.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a photo-sensitive device embodying the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the internal construction of the photo-sensitive device of Figure 1.
  • a small piece of single crystal germanium is prepared in the form of a miniature bar 2 which preferably is rectangular in cross-section, and which has a length at least three times its widest transverse dimension.
  • the germanium should have an intrinsic resistance of at least 40 ohm-cm, under dark conditions, and preferably about 50 ohm-cm. The resistance of such a piece of germanium is reduced when light strikes the surface of the bar.
  • This germanium bar 2 is embedded in a small cylindrical block 4 oftransparent plastic material such as any of the well-known transparent or light-colored casting resins.
  • the body of the plastic block 4 preferably is cylindrical with one end dome-shaped as indicated at Figure 6.
  • Ordinary gelatin capsules, such as are used for administering medicine, can be used conveniently as molds for supporting the resin during the curing period.
  • a lead wire 8 extends into the blunt end of the capsuleshaped plastic block 4 near the outer edge of the plastic and has a U-shaped end portion where it is soldered as at 10 to one end of the photo-sensitive bar 2.
  • This same lead wire serves also as a mechanical support for the germanium bar 2, and for this purpose is provided with the free-end portion 12 of the U which extends beyond the connection 10 to a position near the outer edge of the plastic material 4 and thence near the outer surface of the plastic block to form the U-shaped support.
  • connection to the other end of the germanium bar 2 is made by means of a lead 14 which extends into the blunt end of the plastic block 2 near its outer edge, and passes Within the plastic material very near the 2,806,929 Patented Sept. 17, 1957 surface and also has U-shaped end portion which is soldered to the other end of the germanium bar as indicated at 16.
  • This lead 14 also is utilized to assist in supporting the photo-sensitive bar 2 by means of the free end 18 of the U which extends beyond the connection 16 to a point'near the surface of the plastic block and then extends toward the blunt end of the plastic block 4 near the outer surface of the plastic.
  • the two connecting leads 8 and 14 thus have generally U- shaped end portions with the germanium bar 2 secured to the inner side of the base of the U of the lead 8 and to the outer side of the base of the U of the lead 14.
  • the two U-shaped leads preferably are rotated approximately from each other to provide maximum support during the molding operation.
  • This arrangement of the leads provides a convenient support for the photo-sensitive bar 2 when the assembly of the leads 8 and 14 and the bar 2 are placed in the mold that is to receive the casting resin. This eliminates the necessity for providing any other means of positioning the photo-sensitive bar 2 within the plastic material.
  • auxiliary portions 12 and 18 on the leads serve to provide a further support for the solder connections 10 and 16 after the casting resin has set and to reduce the likelihood that internal strains will break the solder connections.
  • the entire completed unit is small in size and is so 1 light in weight that it can be supported entirely by the leads 8 and 14.
  • the entire unit for example may be no more than A in length and A" in diameter.
  • a photo-sensitive device comprising first and second connecting and supporting leads having U-shaped end portions, an elongated photo-sensitive semi-conductive member connected between said leads at points a substantial distance from the ends thereof, and plastic supporting means encasing said semi-conductive member and the U-shaped portions of said connecting and supporting leads.
  • said semiconductive member comprises a bar of germanium having a resistance, under dark conditions, of at least 40 ohmcm.

Description

Sept. 17, 1957 R. A. LANGEVIN 2,806,929
PHOTO-SENSITIVE DEVICE Filed April 16, 1954 INVENTOR R0559? 4. AAA/GEV/A/ ud} NM ITEM ATTO R N EYS United States Patent PHOTO-SENSITIVE DEVICE Robert A. Langevin, Wellesley, Mass., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Clevite Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio,
a corporation of Ohio Application April 16, 1954, Serial No. 423,571
4 Claims. (Cl. 201-63) This invention relates to a photo-sensitive device having particularly small dimensions, which is simple in construction, and which can be readily fabricated in large quantities at low cost.
The various objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from a consideration of the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a photo-sensitive device embodying the invention; and
' Figure 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the internal construction of the photo-sensitive device of Figure 1.
A small piece of single crystal germanium is prepared in the form of a miniature bar 2 which preferably is rectangular in cross-section, and which has a length at least three times its widest transverse dimension. The germanium should have an intrinsic resistance of at least 40 ohm-cm, under dark conditions, and preferably about 50 ohm-cm. The resistance of such a piece of germanium is reduced when light strikes the surface of the bar.
This germanium bar 2 is embedded in a small cylindrical block 4 oftransparent plastic material such as any of the well-known transparent or light-colored casting resins. The body of the plastic block 4 preferably is cylindrical with one end dome-shaped as indicated at Figure 6. Ordinary gelatin capsules, such as are used for administering medicine, can be used conveniently as molds for supporting the resin during the curing period.
The manner in which the electrical connections are made to the germanium bar 2 is best shown in Figure 2. A lead wire 8 extends into the blunt end of the capsuleshaped plastic block 4 near the outer edge of the plastic and has a U-shaped end portion where it is soldered as at 10 to one end of the photo-sensitive bar 2. This same lead wire serves also as a mechanical support for the germanium bar 2, and for this purpose is provided with the free-end portion 12 of the U which extends beyond the connection 10 to a position near the outer edge of the plastic material 4 and thence near the outer surface of the plastic block to form the U-shaped support.
The connection to the other end of the germanium bar 2 is made by means of a lead 14 which extends into the blunt end of the plastic block 2 near its outer edge, and passes Within the plastic material very near the 2,806,929 Patented Sept. 17, 1957 surface and also has U-shaped end portion which is soldered to the other end of the germanium bar as indicated at 16. This lead 14 also is utilized to assist in supporting the photo-sensitive bar 2 by means of the free end 18 of the U which extends beyond the connection 16 to a point'near the surface of the plastic block and then extends toward the blunt end of the plastic block 4 near the outer surface of the plastic. The two connecting leads 8 and 14 thus have generally U- shaped end portions with the germanium bar 2 secured to the inner side of the base of the U of the lead 8 and to the outer side of the base of the U of the lead 14. The two U-shaped leads preferably are rotated approximately from each other to provide maximum support during the molding operation.
This arrangement of the leads provides a convenient support for the photo-sensitive bar 2 when the assembly of the leads 8 and 14 and the bar 2 are placed in the mold that is to receive the casting resin. This eliminates the necessity for providing any other means of positioning the photo-sensitive bar 2 within the plastic material.
In addition, the auxiliary portions 12 and 18 on the leads serve to provide a further support for the solder connections 10 and 16 after the casting resin has set and to reduce the likelihood that internal strains will break the solder connections.
The entire completed unit is small in size and is so 1 light in weight that it can be supported entirely by the leads 8 and 14. The entire unit for example may be no more than A in length and A" in diameter.
What is claimed is:
1. A photo-sensitive device comprising first and second connecting and supporting leads having U-shaped end portions, an elongated photo-sensitive semi-conductive member connected between said leads at points a substantial distance from the ends thereof, and plastic supporting means encasing said semi-conductive member and the U-shaped portions of said connecting and supporting leads.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said semiconductive member comprises a bar of germanium having a resistance, under dark conditions, of at least 40 ohmcm.
3. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said U- shaped portions of said connecting and supporting leads are positioned approximately at right angles to each other.
4. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said plastic supporting means is cylindrical in cross-section, and a significant portion of each of said supporting leads extends adjacent the outer surface of said plastic supporting means.
Burke Feb. 19, 1952 Ekstein Feb. 9, 1954
US423571A 1954-04-16 1954-04-16 Photo-sensitive device Expired - Lifetime US2806929A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2970285A (en) * 1957-08-13 1961-01-31 Philco Corp Infra-red detector elements and methods of making same
US5298742A (en) * 1993-02-24 1994-03-29 The United States Of America As Represented By Department Of Health & Human Services Light sensor for photo-dynamic therapy having a transparent housing

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2586609A (en) * 1950-05-27 1952-02-19 Sylvania Electric Prod Point-contact electrical device
US2668867A (en) * 1952-03-21 1954-02-09 Vitro Corp Of America Photocell construction

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2586609A (en) * 1950-05-27 1952-02-19 Sylvania Electric Prod Point-contact electrical device
US2668867A (en) * 1952-03-21 1954-02-09 Vitro Corp Of America Photocell construction

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2970285A (en) * 1957-08-13 1961-01-31 Philco Corp Infra-red detector elements and methods of making same
US5298742A (en) * 1993-02-24 1994-03-29 The United States Of America As Represented By Department Of Health & Human Services Light sensor for photo-dynamic therapy having a transparent housing

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