US2776894A - Meal-treating process and apparatus - Google Patents

Meal-treating process and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2776894A
US2776894A US446519A US44651954A US2776894A US 2776894 A US2776894 A US 2776894A US 446519 A US446519 A US 446519A US 44651954 A US44651954 A US 44651954A US 2776894 A US2776894 A US 2776894A
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United States
Prior art keywords
meal
steam
kettles
kettle
vapors
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Expired - Lifetime
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US446519A
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English (en)
Inventor
Norman F Kruse
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Central Soya Co Inc
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Central Soya Co Inc
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Priority to US446519A priority Critical patent/US2776894A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2776894A publication Critical patent/US2776894A/en
Priority to DE1957C0015075 priority patent/DE1067290B/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • C11B1/108—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting after-treatment, e.g. of miscellae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L11/30—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances
    • A23L11/31—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances by heating without chemical treatment, e.g. steam treatment, cooking

Definitions

  • An object of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus overcoming the above described disadvantages and accomplishing the desired new results.
  • a further object is to provide a method and means whereby steam and vapors from lower kettles may be effectively introduced into the uppermost kettle or body of meal by passing the same through the sides of the meal body over a relatively wide area.
  • Yet another object is to provide means and apparatus whereby steam and vapors from a lower series of kettles may be continuously recovered in an annular channel or stream and passed upwardly through the uppermost body of meal for the removal of solvent and the condensing of steam and vapors to provide moisture for the meal.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of apparatus embodying my invention and with which my new method may be employed;
  • Fig. 2 a transverse sectional view, the section being taken as indicated at line 2 2 of Fig. l;
  • Fig. 3 an enlarged vdetail sectional view of a jacketed bottom for a kettle and the sweep means employed therewith;
  • Fig. 4 a perspective view of a kettle employed in the-vessel shown in Fig. l.
  • 10 designates an elongated 4vertical casing providing a treating chamber for the meal.
  • the casing 10 is supported upon standards 11 2 carried by the base 12.
  • a chute 13 extends into the upper portion of the casing 10 for supplying meal or other material to be treated.
  • the top of the casing 10 is provided with an outlet 14 leading to a condenser or other suitable apparatus, as shown in greater detail in my Patent No. 2,585,793.
  • each of the kettles has a side wall 16 preferably provided with a manhole 17 and a cover plate 18 therefor, and each of the walls 16 is preferably cut away on opposite sides to provide vapor and steam passages 19.
  • the side wall 16 of the kettle is closed at the bottom by a hollow steam jacket 20, which is shown in greater detail in Fig. 3.
  • a flow passage or discharge passage which may be in the shape of an inverted funnel, is provided by the casing portion 2l so that meal may constantly llow from one kettle into a kettle therebelow.
  • a sweep 22 Over each jacketed bottom 20 is mounted a sweep 22 which is fixed by means of a collar 23 and a setscrew 24 to the shaft 25 which is hollow to permit the passage of steam from the supply line 32.
  • a steam line 26 Following each blade of the sweep in the several upper kettles is a steam line 26 having at its rear steam discharge openings 27 so that as the sweep rotates, steam is delivered at the rear of the sweep blades, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2.
  • a steam line 28 leads from a steam source and enters the jacket on one side while a steam outlet or condensate line 29 leads from the opposite side. lt will be understood that the lines 28 and 29 have suitable pipe connections for the delivery of steamand for the removal of condensate, etc.
  • the shaft 25 is driven by a motor and reduction gears mounted within the casing 30 on base 12.
  • a steam connection for Ithe interior of the rotatable pipe 25 is provided at 31, and steam enters the pipe or shaft 25 through the xed steam inlet pipe 32.
  • I provide a curved sweep 33 which is effective in sweeping the meal into the discharge pipe 34 through which the material is moved by a variable speed screw conveyor 35 regulated to discharge the same quantity of material being fed into the top of the unit, thus maintaining proper llage in the kettles.
  • bracket supports 36 which are welded or otherwise secured to the casing 10 at their outer ends and which engage flanges 37 on the kettle Walls 16, whereby the several kettles are Supported in spaced relation within the chamber or casing 10. There is thus provided outside of the kettles an annular flow passage 3ft for the passing of steam and vapors from various kettles below upwardly toward the rst kettle.
  • the rst kettle which is the uppermost kettle shown in the drawing.
  • the rst kettle is provided with a jacketed bottom 20 just as the other kettles, but instead of being provided with a vertical side wall, the kettle is provided with an apertured side wall 39, which extends outwardly and upwardly in the general shape of a funnel.
  • the funnel wall 39 is provided with a large number of openings 4), each opening being covered by an inwardly and downwardly-extending lip 41.
  • the lip 41 provides a shield which prevents the escape of meal into the annular passage, While at the same time directing upwardly-passing steam and vapors Within the annular passage 38 inwardly within the body of meal contained in the uppermost or first kettle.
  • ⁇ 1 prefer ,to employabout midway Aof the -body ofmeal in the :first kettle, a steam box or jacket 42, theboxbeng provided with a plurality of steam openings 43., so that ⁇ a large amount of steam can be .discharged into the upper layer of the meal as it enters ⁇ the chamber for the Learly removal of solvent from the incoming Hakes.
  • the Abox 42. is provided with a steam inlet pipe 44.
  • a sweep 46 is ⁇ secured to the -shaft25 that is employed for moving the meal immediately above the box 42.
  • a float .control device 47 may beiemployedto aid in maintaining -the :meal body at a desired level within the top kettle. :Since ,such mechanism is well known, a -detailed 4description herein is believed unnecessary.
  • the casing may be provided with manholes 48 and doors 49 therefor, and these are preferably aligned with ⁇ the kettle ⁇ openings 17 so that laccess ,can be readily had for repair and other purposes from ⁇ the exterioriof the casing, when this is desired.
  • exhaust or low pressure steam or mixed steam and solvent vapors may be introduced into the annular chamber or passage 3S through the line 50 or othersuitable pipe connection.
  • feed is fed through the chute 13 into the top kettle, where it meets immediately steam from the box 42 for the re ⁇ - moval of solvent.
  • steam is delivered into the mass from the pipe following the sweep 22 over the jacketed bottom of the kettle.
  • I introduce through the side openings 40 of the funnel-shaped sides 39, a large volume of steam and vapors from the kettles below.
  • the meal in the upper part of kettle 1 or the-top kettle is at a temperature below 212 F.
  • the incoming steam is effective in removing solvent from the flakes lwhile at the same time steam is condensed upon the flakes to bring the moisture content up to from 14 to 30%, or above.
  • I nd that ⁇ the vapors and steam coming up through the annular passage 3S and entering the mass of meal in the first kettle is particularly effective in supplying moisture to the individual flake surfaces in a metering type of action which distributes the moisture uniformly on the ake particles.
  • the temperature of the meal is raised to a point above 212 to bring about a cooking or toasting of the meal, as is described in greater detail in my Patent No. 2,585,793.
  • the heat for the meal 'within the lower kettles is provided by the jacketed bottoms 20. If greater heat is desired, the side walls 16 ⁇ of the kettles may be jacketed and supplied with steam in the same manner as the bottoms 20 are supplied with steam and this provision may also be made on the chamber 19.
  • the large area provided by the annular space permits the large volume of vapors and steam to pass slowly and effectively upwardly and through the meal, and such volume results in a substantial saving and reutilization of the heat of such vapors and steam.
  • the annular channel provides a jacket which lis 4 effective in heating the Aside walls of the kettles and Yinsuring uniform heating of the contents therein.
  • the vaporization of the bulk of the solvent in the rst kettle enables me to use a large amount of direct steam without overheating the Hak-es, and a large amount of steam is thus avilable for condensing upon the surface areas of the flakes to give each its proper content of moisture.
  • I nd that quick and effective condensing occurs within the first kettle upon the various akes from which the solvent is being removed.
  • I prefer to increase the moisture content to a range of about 14% and up to about 25 although, if desired, the content of moisture may be raised to 30% or higher.
  • rI prefer to keep the temperature of the meal ,below l212" F. so as to bring about a condensation of the steam, as the solvent is removed, and to increase Ithe moisture content of the meal by such steam con densation.
  • ⁇ a desirable top temperature is between 225 and 26.5 F.
  • the cooking is desirably, and more conveniently, done at atmospheric pressure, but it will be understoodthat higher or lower pressures may be employed.
  • the number of compartments may be varied considerably, depending upon the type of oil meal or other material being treated and upon the results desired. It is possible to operate the process upon solvent extracted loil meal from which the solvent has been alreadyremoved, but in this instance I prefer to add water or other liquid to the meal before it is subjected to the treatment described above.
  • a method for treating solvent extracted oil meal the steps of passing the oil meal successively into contact with spaced pools of meal, introducing steam into the uppermost pool of meal to remove the bulk of the solvent from the meal, introducing steam into lower pools of said mean to remove vapors from the meal, removing excess steam from said lower pools and vapors therefrom, passing said removed vapors and steam outside of said lower pools, introducing the same inwardly vthereof through sides of said first-mentioned pool of meal and condensing a substantial portion of the steam upon the meal therein.
  • a casing providing a vertical chamber, kettles in said chamber spaced inmunication between the kettles and said annular passage, y
  • a top kettle having outwardly-inclined side walls provided with apertures communicating with said annular passage, and a sweep for agitating the material in said kettle.
  • a casing providing a vertical chamber, kettles in said chamber in vertically-spaced relation, said kettles being spaced inwardly from the sidesrof the casing to one kettle to another and in which sweeps move thek material into said passages.
  • a casing providingA a vertical chamber and equipped with an inlet chute at one endv and a discharge chute at the other, a plurality of kettles supported in superposed vertical relation within said chamber and in spaced relation from the sides of said chamber to provide an annular passage, -said kettles having openings therein for the escape of vapors and steam from the kettles into said annular passage, means for introducing steam into said kettles, openings in the bottoms of said kettles for the transfer of material from one kettle to another, a top kettle supported above said first-mentioned kettles and having an inclined side wall extending over said annular passage andprovided with spaced apertures therethrough, a steam chest mounted in said top kettle provided with steam outlets, and means for introducing steam into said steam chest for the discharge of steam into the upper portion of the material within said top kettle.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Commercial Cooking Devices (AREA)
US446519A 1954-07-29 1954-07-29 Meal-treating process and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2776894A (en)

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US446519A US2776894A (en) 1954-07-29 1954-07-29 Meal-treating process and apparatus
DE1957C0015075 DE1067290B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1954-07-29 1957-06-27

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US446519A US2776894A (en) 1954-07-29 1954-07-29 Meal-treating process and apparatus
DE1957C0015075 DE1067290B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1954-07-29 1957-06-27

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3018564A (en) * 1957-08-01 1962-01-30 Central Soya Co Apparatus for treating flowable materials
DE1133969B (de) * 1957-09-21 1962-07-26 Central Soya Co Vorrichtung zum Daempfen und Toasten von flockigen oder gekoernten Futter-und Nahrungsmitteln
DE1149232B (de) * 1958-09-12 1963-05-22 Metallgesellschaft Ag Vorrichtung zum Ausdaempfen und Trocknen von loesungsmittelhaltigen Rueckstaenden der OElsaatenextraktion
US3126285A (en) * 1964-03-24 Method of desolventizing and toasting soybean meal
US3369305A (en) * 1965-10-11 1968-02-20 Blaw Knox Co Desolventizing and deodorizing system for granular materials
US3646688A (en) * 1967-06-30 1972-03-07 Astra Nutrition Ab Apparatus for countercurrent heat treatment of biological tissue
US4028171A (en) * 1974-07-05 1977-06-07 Kamyr Aktiebolag Method for continuous treatment of fiber material in a vertical array
US4068388A (en) * 1973-09-14 1978-01-17 Astra Protein Products Ab Process for removing solvent from proteinaceous material
EP0070496A3 (en) * 1981-07-20 1983-07-27 Heinz Schumacher Apparatus for the treatment of flaky or granulated material with gases or vapors in a continuous countercurrent process
US4619053A (en) * 1983-10-07 1986-10-28 Schumacher Heinz O Process and apparatus for desolventizing flaky or granular vegetable residue material obtained in the extraction with organic solvents
US4622760A (en) * 1983-03-31 1986-11-18 Schumacher Heinz O Apparatus for desolventizing and drying solvent-containing residue meal
US4635380A (en) * 1984-05-29 1987-01-13 Crown Iron Works Company Method and apparatus for heat treating flowable materials
EP0465839A1 (de) * 1990-07-13 1992-01-15 Kurt Satow Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Quellen, Dämpfen oder Extrahieren und anschliessenden Trocknen
EP3796788A4 (en) * 2018-05-23 2022-03-02 Crown Iron Works Company Desolventizer toaster with convective current recycle

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1185753B (de) * 1962-01-16 1965-01-21 Metallgesellschaft Ag Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Loesungsmittel aus extrahiertem Gut
DE2404510C3 (de) * 1974-01-31 1985-02-21 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Extraktionsrohr für Polyamide
DE2606647C2 (de) * 1976-02-19 1984-03-08 Raimund 5000 Köln Sossna Kontinuierlich arbeitender Kontakttrockner
DE2722246C2 (de) * 1977-05-17 1984-03-15 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Herstellung von Sojaschrot

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE606891C (de) * 1932-07-21 1934-12-13 Fried Krupp Grusonwerk Akt Ges Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von Gut in mehreren Stufen
US2254867A (en) * 1937-10-11 1941-09-02 Extractol Process Ltd Process for continuous treatment of exhausted solvent-impregnated solid agglutinative organic material
US2585793A (en) * 1950-11-10 1952-02-12 Central Soya Co Soybean treating process
US2669032A (en) * 1952-03-29 1954-02-16 Metallgesellschaft Ag Cooling apparatus
US2695459A (en) * 1949-09-20 1954-11-30 French Oil Mill Machinery Desolventizer and toaster

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE606891C (de) * 1932-07-21 1934-12-13 Fried Krupp Grusonwerk Akt Ges Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von Gut in mehreren Stufen
US2254867A (en) * 1937-10-11 1941-09-02 Extractol Process Ltd Process for continuous treatment of exhausted solvent-impregnated solid agglutinative organic material
US2695459A (en) * 1949-09-20 1954-11-30 French Oil Mill Machinery Desolventizer and toaster
US2585793A (en) * 1950-11-10 1952-02-12 Central Soya Co Soybean treating process
US2669032A (en) * 1952-03-29 1954-02-16 Metallgesellschaft Ag Cooling apparatus

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3126285A (en) * 1964-03-24 Method of desolventizing and toasting soybean meal
US3018564A (en) * 1957-08-01 1962-01-30 Central Soya Co Apparatus for treating flowable materials
DE1133969B (de) * 1957-09-21 1962-07-26 Central Soya Co Vorrichtung zum Daempfen und Toasten von flockigen oder gekoernten Futter-und Nahrungsmitteln
DE1149232B (de) * 1958-09-12 1963-05-22 Metallgesellschaft Ag Vorrichtung zum Ausdaempfen und Trocknen von loesungsmittelhaltigen Rueckstaenden der OElsaatenextraktion
US3369305A (en) * 1965-10-11 1968-02-20 Blaw Knox Co Desolventizing and deodorizing system for granular materials
US3646688A (en) * 1967-06-30 1972-03-07 Astra Nutrition Ab Apparatus for countercurrent heat treatment of biological tissue
US4068388A (en) * 1973-09-14 1978-01-17 Astra Protein Products Ab Process for removing solvent from proteinaceous material
US4028171A (en) * 1974-07-05 1977-06-07 Kamyr Aktiebolag Method for continuous treatment of fiber material in a vertical array
EP0070496A3 (en) * 1981-07-20 1983-07-27 Heinz Schumacher Apparatus for the treatment of flaky or granulated material with gases or vapors in a continuous countercurrent process
EP0077436A3 (en) * 1981-07-20 1983-08-03 Heinz Schumacher Process and apparatus for the removal of the white spirit remaining in flaky and grainy vegetable material after its extraction
US4503627A (en) * 1981-07-20 1985-03-12 Schumacher Heinz O Apparatus for the treatment of flaky or granulated material with gases or vapors in a continuous countercurrent process
US4622760A (en) * 1983-03-31 1986-11-18 Schumacher Heinz O Apparatus for desolventizing and drying solvent-containing residue meal
US4619053A (en) * 1983-10-07 1986-10-28 Schumacher Heinz O Process and apparatus for desolventizing flaky or granular vegetable residue material obtained in the extraction with organic solvents
US4635380A (en) * 1984-05-29 1987-01-13 Crown Iron Works Company Method and apparatus for heat treating flowable materials
EP0465839A1 (de) * 1990-07-13 1992-01-15 Kurt Satow Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Quellen, Dämpfen oder Extrahieren und anschliessenden Trocknen
EP3796788A4 (en) * 2018-05-23 2022-03-02 Crown Iron Works Company Desolventizer toaster with convective current recycle
US11976881B2 (en) 2018-05-23 2024-05-07 Crown Iron Works Company Desolventizer toaster with convective current recycle

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Publication number Publication date
DE1067290B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1959-10-15

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