US2762455A - Piston distributor, especially for lubricants - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 11, 1956 J. LIPINSKI' 2,762,455

PISTON DISTRIBUTOR, ESPECIALLY FOR LUBRICANTS Filed Jan. 25, 1954 4 IN VEN TOR.

United States Patent PISTON DISTRIBUTOR, ESPECIALLY FOR LUBRICANTS Johann Lipinski, Pressbaum, near Vienna, Austria, as-

signor to Alex. Friedmann Kommanditgesellschaft, Vienna, Austria Application January 25, 1954, Serial No. 405,903

3 Claims. (Cl. 184-7) Piston distributors for the quantitative distribution of media fed under pressure, more especially lubricants, to a number of outlets are known, which are driven by the pressure exerted on the pistons by the fed medium, the working spaces of the pistons being alternately connected with a space which contains the medium fed under pressure and with the outlets. In such piston distributors, a construction has already been proposed in which all the pistons of the distributor are connected together through at least one coupling element which is driven with an amplitude of movement corresponding to the piston stroke by the piston or pistons subjected in each case to the action of the pressure of the fed medium. Such a construction has the advantage that the pistons of the distributor are positively controlled by the coupling member by which they are connected, but their movement is not blocked thereby, so that the relatively high blocking forces occurring in the known arrangements are avoided and the wear on the arrangement is thereby substantially reduced.

Piston distributors are also known in which each two pistons are connected coaxially to form pairs of pistons crossing one another. Such constructions are advantageous by reason of their simplicity, more particularly in the case of distributors for a small number of outlets. In the known constructions of this type, however, one pair of pistons is always blocked during the movement of the other pair, so that such constructions all have the disadvantage of high wear resulting from the blocking.

The present invention has for its object to render the principle of the positive control of the distributor pistons applicable to such distributors comprising crossing pairs of pistons and resides substantially in that the coupling member controlling the strokes of the pairs of pistons is formed by a crank-like shackle link, each end of which is pivotally connected to one pair of pistons. The said shackle link renders the movements of the two pairs of pistons dependent upon one another and so controls these movements that the pairs of pistons carry out their strokes one after the other without any blocking of the movement of one pair of pistons during the movement of the other pair being necessary.

According to the invention, the pins by which the shackle link is linked to the pairs of pistons are disposed parallel to one another and the shackle link carries out during the movement of the pairs of pistons a rotatable movement about a geometrical axis parallel to the link pins the position of the said axis being variable in space. In this rotational movement, for which the shackle link is driven by the particular piston subjected to the action of the medium under pressure, the shackle link controls the movement of the pistons in such manner that they perform their strokes one after the other. The shackle link is designed in the manner of a crank web, while the link pins constitute the crank pins, which are rigidly connected to the pairs of pistons or to the crank web and can each be rotatably mounted in the other part.

The invention thus provides a distributor of simple 2,762,455 Patented Sept. 11, 1956 and cheap construction, the wear on which is reduced to a minimum by reason of the fact that jerky movement of the pairs of pistons and periodical blocking of the movement thereof are avoided.

An embodiment of the invention is diagrammatically illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawmgs.

Figure 1 shows a constructional form of the distributor according to the invention in sectionthrough the axis of the pairs of pistons, the section being so drawn as to show both pairs of pistons for the sake of greater clarity.

Figure 2 is a section on the line II -II of Figure 1.

The distributor body 1 comprises two bores 2 and 3 crossing one another at an angle of in different planes, in which borestwo pairs of pistons 4,. 5 and 6, 7 are mounted. The working spaces of the pistons 4, 5 and 6, 7 are designated by 8, 9 and 10, 11. In the example illustrated in the drawings, the pairs of pistons 4, 5 and 6, 7 are each made in one piece, but the pistons 4, 5 and 6, 7 may also be separately constructed and coupled by a connecting member.

The two pairs of pistons are coupled together by a shackle link 12 fashioned in the form of a crank web. The said shackle link is linked to the pairs of pistons by pins or studs 13 and 14. In the example illustrated in the drawings, the pin linking the pair of pistons 4, 5 is fitted in the pair of pistons and in the shackle link 12 and is adapted to be rotated, for example, in the shackle link or if desired both in the shackle link and in the pair of pistons. The link pin of the pair of pistons 6, 7 is a stud 14 secured in the shackle link 12. The distance between the axes of the studs or pins 13 and 14 is so great that it corresponds to half the stroke of a pair of pistons, so that when one pair of pistons passes through the centre the other pair passes into its extreme end position. Since each pair of pistons 4, 5 and 6, 7 consists of one piece in which the piston diameter is not exceeded at any point, the pairs of pistons can be simply introduced into the cylinder bores 2, 3 during assembly.

The lubricant or the like is fed to the distributor through an inlet 15, from which it passes through a bore 16 to a cavity 17 in the :centre of the distributor body 1. Each piston of the pair has a control recess 18 which is so di- .mensioned that when one pair of pistons is in the end position the cavity 17 is in communication with the corresponding control passage 19, 2'0, 21 or 22. While the control recess 18 of one piston (for example of the piston 5) connects the cavity 17 with the passage 21 and the working space 10 of the piston 6, the control recess 18 of the other piston of the same pair (for example of the piston 4) simultaneously connects the working space 11 of the piston 7 through the control passage 22 with the outlet 23. The piston 6 is thus subjected to the pressure of the medium fed, while the piston 7 is relieved of load. The pair of pistons 6, 7 is forced downwards (as seen in Figure 1), while the crank-like shackle link 12 carries out a movement in the direction of the arrow 27. The pair of pistons 4, 5 is thus moved by the shackle link 12 and commences its stroke towards the right as soon as the pair of pistons 6, 7 has passed through the mid-position. When the control recess 18 in the piston 6 then connects the cavity 17 with the working space 8 of the piston 4 through the control passage 19 and the control recess 18 in the piston 7 simultaneously establishes the connection of the working space 9 of the piston 5 through the control passage 20 with the oulet 24, the pair of pistons 4, 5 is forced to the right by the pressure in the working space 8. The pair of pistons 6, 7 is thus again carried along I The pair of pistons 4, 5 and 6, 7 thus complete their strokes in succession, the lubricant being successively conveyed in the requisite quantities to the respective lubricating points through the outlets 23, 24, 25 and 26.

What I'claim is:

1. A piston distributor for the quantitative distribution of media fed under pressure, comprising a body, cylindrical bores in said body and two pairs of pistons, the pistons of each pair being coaxially connected together, the said pairs of pistons being slidable in each of the said cylindrical bores, a crank-like shackle link and means for pivotally connecting the said shackle link to each of the said pairs of pistons, the said shackle link controlling the reciprocating strokes of the said pairs of pistons in timed relation, the said cylindrical bores crossing each other on different levels spaced from each other, an inlet for the medium to be fed, a working space for each of the said pistons, an outlet coordinated to each of the said working spaces for the medium fed, channels in communication with the said Working spacesand control recesses in the said pistons, the said control recesses connecting the said channels alternatively to the said inlet and the said outlets. a

2. In a piston distributor as claimed in claim 1, pins connecting the said shackle link pivotally to the said pairs of pistons, the axes of the said pins being parallel to each other, a free space in the said body in which the said shackle link is disposed without interconnection to the said body for free rotational movement about a geometrical axis parallel to the link pins, the position of which axis is variable in space.

3. In a piston distributor as claimed in claim 1, each of the said pairs of pistons consisting of a single piece, the diameter of which nowhere exceeds the piston diameter.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,197,705 Nemetz Apr. 16, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS 905,623 France Apr. 23, 1945

Images