US2748033A - Method of making gas discharge tube and rectifier - Google Patents
Method of making gas discharge tube and rectifier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2748033A US2748033A US285562A US28556252A US2748033A US 2748033 A US2748033 A US 2748033A US 285562 A US285562 A US 285562A US 28556252 A US28556252 A US 28556252A US 2748033 A US2748033 A US 2748033A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- parts
- gas discharge
- rectifier
- discharge tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- HZPNKQREYVVATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);diformate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O HZPNKQREYVVATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940072049 amyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous amyl acetate Natural products CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- WYACBZDAHNBPPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl oxalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(=O)OCC WYACBZDAHNBPPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);oxalate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NEDFZELJKGZAQF-UHFFFAOYSA-J strontium;barium(2+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O NEDFZELJKGZAQF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/04—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of thermionic cathodes
- H01J9/042—Manufacture, activation of the emissive part
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of preparing thermionic cathodes, the cathode base, generally a metal such as tungsten or nickel, being coated with a mixture of alkaline earth carbonates and a compound of a metal of good conductivity, said compound being decomposed during the conversion of the carbonates to oxide and the subsequent electroforrning of the cathode in a manner such that finely divided metal is left in the oxide layer of the cathode.
- the invention relates to a thermionic valve comprising a cathode made by the said method.
- nickel oxalate It has been suggested before to use nickel oxalate for the purpose above indicated but there is a limitation in that nickel oxalate is not always wholly decomposed to metallic nickel, occlusions of nickel oxide being left.
- the object of the invention is to improve the above method so that the added compound is decomposed to metal as far as possible.
- the added compound in a method of preparing a thermionic cathode which is coated with a mixture consisting of one or more alkaline earth carbonates and a compound of a metal of good conductivity which compound during the decomposition of the carbonates to oxide and the subsequent formation of the cathode is converted into a finely divided metal of good conductivity contained in the oxide layer, the added compound is constituted by the formate of one or more of the metals nickel, cobalt, tungsten, molybdenum, platinum, iridium, osmium, palladium, rhodium and ruthenium.
- the added quantity of metal compound may be from mol. percent to 90 mol. percent, preferably from 20 mol. percent to 60 mol percent measured on the added metal and the alkaline earth metals.
- the quantity of added metal depends on the manner of coating the cathode with the carbonates and upon the purpose for which the valve (a vacuum or gas discharge valve, a valve for pulsatory or for continuous operation) is required.
- One advantage of the addition of metal to the oxide layer of the cathode resides inter alia in that it mitigates against the formation of silicate layers of high resistance between the oxide grains.
- Example 1 This example relates to a paste in which cathodes are oxide-coated by dipping.
- the paste consists of:
- barium-strontium carbonate 50 mol. percent BaCOs
- nickel formate anhydrous
- binder A 480 parts by volume butyl acetate where binder A contains 50 parts by weight nitrocellulose 130 parts by volume diethyl oxalate 530 parts by volume amyl acetate 60 parts by volume ethyl alcohol.
- the cathodes prepared therewith contain 20 mol. percent nickel in the oxide layer.
- Example 2 This example relates to a paste required to be applied to the cathode by spraying.
- the paste consists of:
- nitrocellulose binder obtained from 66 parts by weight nitrocellulose and 1,000 parts by volume amyl acetate
- diethyl oxalate parts by volume methyl alcohol The milling operation is effected in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a thermionic cathode the steps of, coating a refractory metal base with a layer of a mixture of at least one alkaline earth carbonate and a formate of a refractory metal of good conductivity, and reducing the alkaline earth carbonate to a. layer of the corresponding oxide.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB10393/51A GB699977A (en) | 1951-05-03 | 1951-05-03 | Improvements in or relating to thermionic cathodes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2748033A true US2748033A (en) | 1956-05-29 |
Family
ID=9967000
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US285562A Expired - Lifetime US2748033A (en) | 1951-05-03 | 1952-05-01 | Method of making gas discharge tube and rectifier |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2748033A (enrdf_load_html_response) |
| BE (1) | BE511131A (enrdf_load_html_response) |
| CH (1) | CH307771A (enrdf_load_html_response) |
| DE (1) | DE911876C (enrdf_load_html_response) |
| GB (1) | GB699977A (enrdf_load_html_response) |
| NL (1) | NL89643C (enrdf_load_html_response) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3755205A (en) * | 1972-03-28 | 1973-08-28 | Us Army | Method of making a catalytic bed |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1894059A (en) * | 1927-04-08 | 1933-01-10 | Forest Radio Company De | Process for producing electron emitters and the product |
| US2049372A (en) * | 1934-11-19 | 1936-07-28 | Gen Electric | Emissive coating for cathodes and method for preparing the same |
| US2430520A (en) * | 1945-03-06 | 1947-11-11 | Glass Science Inc | Deposition of metal on glass from metal formates |
-
0
- BE BE511131D patent/BE511131A/xx unknown
- NL NL89643D patent/NL89643C/xx active
-
1951
- 1951-05-03 GB GB10393/51A patent/GB699977A/en not_active Expired
-
1952
- 1952-04-29 DE DEN5441A patent/DE911876C/de not_active Expired
- 1952-05-01 US US285562A patent/US2748033A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1952-05-01 CH CH307771D patent/CH307771A/de unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1894059A (en) * | 1927-04-08 | 1933-01-10 | Forest Radio Company De | Process for producing electron emitters and the product |
| US2049372A (en) * | 1934-11-19 | 1936-07-28 | Gen Electric | Emissive coating for cathodes and method for preparing the same |
| US2430520A (en) * | 1945-03-06 | 1947-11-11 | Glass Science Inc | Deposition of metal on glass from metal formates |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3755205A (en) * | 1972-03-28 | 1973-08-28 | Us Army | Method of making a catalytic bed |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH307771A (de) | 1955-06-15 |
| BE511131A (enrdf_load_html_response) | |
| DE911876C (de) | 1954-05-20 |
| GB699977A (en) | 1953-11-18 |
| NL89643C (enrdf_load_html_response) |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4518890A (en) | Impregnated cathode | |
| Jacobs et al. | The mechanism of field dependent secondary emission | |
| Cronin | Modern dispenser cathodes | |
| US2946937A (en) | Ceramic material and method of producing the same | |
| US2748033A (en) | Method of making gas discharge tube and rectifier | |
| US2232083A (en) | Method of producing surfaces of high heat radiation | |
| US2904717A (en) | Composite electrode structure | |
| US2226567A (en) | Fluorescent coating | |
| GB726901A (en) | Method for producing indirectly heated cathodes | |
| JP3359268B2 (ja) | 真空成膜用ペレット、ＭｇＯ焼結体の製造方法およびＭｇＯ薄膜の真空成膜方法 | |
| GB666053A (en) | Improvements in or relating to thermionic cathodes | |
| US2185410A (en) | Metal compositions | |
| US1842161A (en) | Electron emission material | |
| US2208692A (en) | Active metal compound for vacuum tubes | |
| US1640710A (en) | Electron emitting cathode and process of preparing the same | |
| US2853392A (en) | Ceramic dielectric materials | |
| JP5736246B2 (ja) | 物理的気相成長法に用いる成膜用材料 | |
| US2330950A (en) | Ceramic insulator and method of making the same | |
| US2189971A (en) | Secondary electron emitting electrode | |
| US2171230A (en) | Insulating coating | |
| US2830027A (en) | Oxide-coated cathodes for thermionic tubes | |
| US3105290A (en) | Cathode for electron discharge device | |
| US2902621A (en) | Supply cathode | |
| US2267292A (en) | Active metal compounds for electric discharge devices | |
| US3186786A (en) | Method for processing oxide coated cathodes |