US2732288A - Manufacture of metal mesh screens - Google Patents

Manufacture of metal mesh screens Download PDF

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Publication number
US2732288A
US2732288A US2732288DA US2732288A US 2732288 A US2732288 A US 2732288A US 2732288D A US2732288D A US 2732288DA US 2732288 A US2732288 A US 2732288A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ribs
areas
metal
mesh
etching
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/14—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of non-emitting electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/02—Local etching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
    • C25F3/02—Etching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0012—Constructional arrangements
    • H01J2893/0019—Chemical composition and manufacture
    • H01J2893/0022—Manufacture
    • H01J2893/0024—Planar grids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12361—All metal or with adjacent metals having aperture or cut
    • Y10T428/12368—Struck-out portion type

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of metal mesh screens such as are employed,.for example, in television pick-up tubes, thermionic valves, etc., the screens having apertures ranging from 200 to 2,000v or more per linear inch.
  • a method of manufacturing a metal mesh screen which employs a matrix having grooves corresponding to the pattern of the screen to be manufactured, the matrix being coated with a layer of metal, after which the metal is removed from portions of the matrix between the grooves, the matrix being then removed from the metal mesh thus formed.
  • the matrix may be formed by ruling a wax blank, rendering said ruled surface electrically conducting by anodic bombardment or by other means and then electrolytically depositing metal on to the electrically conducting surface. A negative impression of the ruled surface is thereby obtained and from this negative impression a metallic positive forming said matrix is obtained by deposition of further metal electrolytically.
  • the metal is removed so as to'expose the matrix between the grooves and thus form the perforations by grinding or lapping. It might appear that the metal which is to be removed could be removed by etching or dissolving the metal in a suitable reagent'but it is found that when a metal is immersed in an etching solution the etching is by no means uniform and certain areas of the metal are attacked by the etching solution in an indiscriminate manner.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved method of manufacturing 'a metal mesh in which the metal to be removed to provide the perforations is removed by decomposing the metal in a controlled manner.
  • a method of making a metal mesh screen from a metal member formed with ribs corresponding to the mesh to be formed and continuous with thinner areas lying between said ribs which consist in subjecting said member intermittently to a decomposing action, whereby the metal lying between said ribs is decomposed more rapidly than said ribs and continuing said intermittent decomposing action until the areas between said ribs are perforated.
  • the metal member which is to form said mesh is not removed from the metal matrix until after the decomposing process has been completed although if desired in some cases said member may be removed from the matrix by dissolving the matrix prior to the decomposing operation according to the invention.
  • the intermittent decomposing action is effected by immersing said member in an etching liquid for a predetermined period, removing said member from the etching liquid, washing said member and thereby cooling it and then again immersing the member in the etching liquid and repeating these operations until a perforated mesh is ultimately formed.
  • the etching operation may be in a liquid which renders the areas of metal which are required to be removed to perforate the member more rapidly passive than other areas and employing an electric current to remove the passivity intermittently.
  • the metal may be decomposed by electrolysis.
  • Figure 2 illustrates said member and matrix in an etching solution
  • Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the member shown in Figure 1 after partial decomposition has been accomplished
  • Figure 5 shows the mesh after completion of the decomposing process
  • FIGS 6 and 7 illustrate alternative methods of carrying the invention into effect.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates the metal member from which the mesh is formed, this metal member being made by depositing silver electrolytically on to a copper matrix 2 which is provided with grooves formed in the manner described in the specification of the aforesaid patent.
  • the metal member 1 is thus formed with ribs 3 with intervening areas 4 which are thinner than the ribs 3, the surface of the member 1 having indentations or grooves 5 which are inevitably formed during the electro-deposition of the metal member 1.
  • the metal member 1 is treated in accordance with the method of the invention, whilst supported on the matrix 2 and the member 1 and matrix 2 are placed in an etching bath 6 shown in Figure 2 and allowed to remain suspended in the bath 6 by a suitable support 7 for approximately- 15 seconds.
  • the areas 4 between the ribs 3 may have a thickness of 2 to i of an inch, whilst the copper matrix 2 may have a maximum thickness of from 10 toof an inch.
  • the etching liguid contained in the bath 6 may comprise 19 parts by volume of concentrated sulphuric acid and one part by volume of concentrated nitric acid. Such a liquid mainly decomposes the silver and causes only little decomposition of the copper.
  • the etching again becomes more rapid as the etching liquid has access to the other side of the areas between the ribs 3.
  • the areas 4 become sufiiciently removed and the mesh then has the cross-sectional shape shown in Figure 5.
  • the copper matrix 2 can then be removed by dissolving the copper in a suitable medium which dissolves the copper but not the silver.
  • the mesh which is ultimately formed has a slightly convex upper surface 9 which is advantageous since it somewhat strengthens the mesh compared with the method of making such a mesh as described in the specification of the aforesaid patent, in which as a result of the grinding or lapping operation the upper surface of the mesh is fiat.
  • the time taken for the repeated immersions and washing processes may occupy a total period of 10 to minutes.
  • the thinner areas 4 allow a more rapid temperature rise compared with the thicker parts constituted by the ribs 3 and since the rate of etching is dependent on temperature these areas are more rapidly etched than the other areas.
  • the decomposing action is preferably interrupted before the temperatures of all parts of the member 1 are equalised. The washing of the member equalises the temperature of all parts of the member 7..
  • Figure 6 of the drawings illustrates an alternative method of making a mesh in which the member 1 and copper matrix 2 are immersed in a bath 10 containing an etching liquid which rapidly renders the surface of the member 1 passive.
  • This passivity causes the decomposing action to cease and the passivity is removed by applying an electric current to the member 1 at intervals.
  • the member 1 is made the cathode in the bath 10 and a further electrode 11 is provided, the member 1 and the electrode 11 being connected to a source 12 of negative electric pulses 13 which are applied intermittently to the member 1.
  • a source 12 of negative electric pulses 13 which are applied intermittently to the member 1.
  • the member 1 can be moved from dififerent positions in the baths so as to effect the cooling operation which it is thought is necessary.
  • the areas 4 are decomposed by electrolysis.
  • the member 1 is arranged in a bath 14 containing a silver cyanide solution having an excess of cyanide and is connected to the positive terminal of a current source 15, the negative terminal of which is connected to a stainless steel cathode 16.
  • a current source 15 the negative terminal of which is connected to a stainless steel cathode 16.
  • electrolysis of the surface of the member 1 becomes inhibited and the inhibition is automatically removed by the constant electric current and the process repeats itself automatically.
  • the current density employed is suitably chosen depending on the area of the member 1.
  • a method of making a metal mesh screen from an unperforated metal member formed with ribs corresponding to the mesh to be formed and continuous with thinner areas bridging said ribs which consists in effecting chemical decomposition of said ribs and thinner areas by subjecting said member to a decomposing action in a liquid for intervals during which the metal bridging said ribs is decomposed more rapidly than said ribs, discontinuing said decomposing action before the areas between said ribs are perforated and thereafter repeatedly subjecting said member to said decomposing action until the areas bridging said ribs are perforated to provide ribs of substantially the same thickness and apertures of substantially the same size.
  • a method of making a metal mesh screen from an unperforated metal member formed with ribs corresponding to the mesh to be formed and continuous with thinner areas bridging said ribs which consists in exposing said ribs and thinner areas to a chemical decomposing action in a liquid for a time during which the thinner areas of said member are more rapidly decomposed than the thicker areas due to the thinner areas increasing in temperature more rapidly than said ribs, cooling said thinner areas to equalise the temperatures of said thinner areas and said ribs, and subjecting said member repeatedly to said decomposing and equalizing cycles whereby the thinner areas are more rapidly reduced in thickness compared with the thicker areas, and continuing said decomposing and equalizing cycles until the areas bridging said ribs are perforated to provide ribs of substantially the same thickness and apertures of substantially the same size.
  • a method of making a metal mesh screen from an unperforated metal member formed with ribs corresponding to the mesh to be formed and continuous with thinner areas bridging said ribs which consists in effecting chemical decomposition of said ribs and thinner areas by subjectng said member intermittently to a decomposing action in a liquid for a time during which the metal bridging said ribs is decomposed more rapidly than said ribs, interrupting the decomposing action before the rate of decomposition of said thin and thick areas is equalized, and continuing said intermittent decomposing action until the areas between said ribs are perforated to provide ribs of substantially the same thickness and apertures of substantially the same size.
  • a method of making a metal mesh screen from an unperforated metal member with ribs corresponding to the mesh to be formed and continuous with thinner areas bridging said ribs which consists in exposing said ribs and thinner areas to a chemical decomposing action in a liquid for a time during which the thinner areas of said member are more rapidly decomposed than the thicker areas, due to the thinner areas increasing in temperature more rapidly than said ribs, and interrupting the decomposing action before the rate of decomposition of said thinner areas and said ribs is equalized, cooling said thinner areas to equalize the temperature of said thinner areas and said ribs, and subjecting said member repeatedly to said decomposing and temperature equalizing cycles, whereby the thinner areas are more rapidly reduced in thickness compared with said ribs, and continuing said decomposing and temperature equalizing cycles until the areas between said ribs are perforated to provide ribs of substantiall the same thickness and apertures of substantially the same size.
  • a method of making a metal mesh screen from an unperforated metal member formed with ribs corresponding to the mesh to be formed and continuous with thinner areas bridging said ribs which consists in efiecting chemical decomposition of said ribs and thinner areas by subjectng said member to a decomposing action in an etching liquid to render the surface passive, applying an electric current to said member to remove said passivity, thereby causing the metal lying between said ribs to be decomposed more rapidly than said ribs, and intermittently supplying said current until the areas between said ribs are perforated to provide ribs of substantially the same thickness and apertures of substantially the same size.
  • a method of making a metal mesh screen from an unperforated metal member formed with ribs corresponding to the mesh to be formed and continuous with thinner areas bridging said ribs which consists in efiecting chemical decomposition of said ribs and thinner areas by subjectng said member to electrolysis in an electrolyte containing an excess of cyanide to cause electrolysis of said 6 member to become inhibited intermittently, and continuing said electrolysis until the areas between said ribs are perforated to provide ribs of substantially the same thickness and apertures of substantially the same size.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
US2732288D 1951-06-19 Manufacture of metal mesh screens Expired - Lifetime US2732288A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB14473/51A GB717166A (en) 1951-06-19 1951-06-19 Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of foraminated metal screens

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2732288A true US2732288A (en) 1956-01-24

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Family Applications (1)

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US2732288D Expired - Lifetime US2732288A (en) 1951-06-19 Manufacture of metal mesh screens

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2732288A (de)
DE (1) DE1043011B (de)
FR (1) FR1062077A (de)
GB (1) GB717166A (de)
NL (2) NL94438C (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933437A (en) * 1956-05-29 1960-04-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Chemical lapping method
US3155460A (en) * 1960-05-20 1964-11-03 Norman B Mears Fine mesh screens
US3271488A (en) * 1961-11-21 1966-09-06 Itt Method of making masks for vapor deposition of electrodes
US4362595A (en) * 1980-05-19 1982-12-07 The Boeing Company Screen fabrication by hand chemical blanking
WO1990000876A1 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-02-08 Bendig Robert H Jr Snail repellant material and plant stand of such material
CN102560493A (zh) * 2012-01-18 2012-07-11 电子科技大学 制备硅纳米线阵列的方法

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US490816A (en) * 1893-01-31 Method of cleansing silver
US532394A (en) * 1895-01-08 rawson
US1534709A (en) * 1924-05-17 1925-04-21 Francis A Holt Method of conducting electrolytic operations
DE630934C (de) * 1933-06-23 1936-06-09 Druidenau Eismaschinen Und Kue Verfahren zur Herstellung einer anlaufbestaendigen, nicht sichtbaren Oberflaechenschutzschicht auf Silber oder Silberlegierungen
US2115855A (en) * 1935-05-23 1938-05-03 Emi Ltd Cathode ray tube
US2166366A (en) * 1935-11-30 1939-07-18 Edward O Norris Inc Means and method of producing metallic screens
US2226384A (en) * 1938-12-14 1940-12-24 Edward O Norris Inc Process of electrolytically producing foraminous sheets
US2314818A (en) * 1939-04-29 1943-03-23 Carnegie Illinois Steel Corp Surface treatment of tinned material
US2421863A (en) * 1940-04-27 1947-06-10 Beck Richard Process for driving out occlusions of gases like hydrogen from the surface layers of workpieces
US2434286A (en) * 1943-08-12 1948-01-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of forming a point at the end of a wire
US2565623A (en) * 1949-03-30 1951-08-28 Rca Corp Method of making grid structures
US2699382A (en) * 1951-02-14 1955-01-11 Aluminum Walzwerke Singen G M Method of etching aluminum foils

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE619465C (de) * 1933-05-10 1935-10-01 Telefunken Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von durchbrochenen Elektroden fuer elektrische Entladungsgefaesse

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US490816A (en) * 1893-01-31 Method of cleansing silver
US532394A (en) * 1895-01-08 rawson
US1534709A (en) * 1924-05-17 1925-04-21 Francis A Holt Method of conducting electrolytic operations
DE630934C (de) * 1933-06-23 1936-06-09 Druidenau Eismaschinen Und Kue Verfahren zur Herstellung einer anlaufbestaendigen, nicht sichtbaren Oberflaechenschutzschicht auf Silber oder Silberlegierungen
US2115855A (en) * 1935-05-23 1938-05-03 Emi Ltd Cathode ray tube
US2166366A (en) * 1935-11-30 1939-07-18 Edward O Norris Inc Means and method of producing metallic screens
US2226384A (en) * 1938-12-14 1940-12-24 Edward O Norris Inc Process of electrolytically producing foraminous sheets
US2314818A (en) * 1939-04-29 1943-03-23 Carnegie Illinois Steel Corp Surface treatment of tinned material
US2421863A (en) * 1940-04-27 1947-06-10 Beck Richard Process for driving out occlusions of gases like hydrogen from the surface layers of workpieces
US2434286A (en) * 1943-08-12 1948-01-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of forming a point at the end of a wire
US2565623A (en) * 1949-03-30 1951-08-28 Rca Corp Method of making grid structures
US2699382A (en) * 1951-02-14 1955-01-11 Aluminum Walzwerke Singen G M Method of etching aluminum foils

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933437A (en) * 1956-05-29 1960-04-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Chemical lapping method
US3155460A (en) * 1960-05-20 1964-11-03 Norman B Mears Fine mesh screens
US3271488A (en) * 1961-11-21 1966-09-06 Itt Method of making masks for vapor deposition of electrodes
US4362595A (en) * 1980-05-19 1982-12-07 The Boeing Company Screen fabrication by hand chemical blanking
WO1990000876A1 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-02-08 Bendig Robert H Jr Snail repellant material and plant stand of such material
CN102560493A (zh) * 2012-01-18 2012-07-11 电子科技大学 制备硅纳米线阵列的方法
CN102560493B (zh) * 2012-01-18 2013-10-30 电子科技大学 制备硅纳米线阵列的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1043011B (de) 1958-11-06
NL170242B (nl)
NL94438C (de)
FR1062077A (fr) 1954-04-20
GB717166A (en) 1954-10-20

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