US2722950A - Looms - Google Patents

Description

1955 F. DE s. IZQUIERDO 2,722,950

LOOMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 27, 1950 07/51/7 6 avid/do v- 14 a $4/rmi /2@ (M97 N v- 1955 F. DE s. IZQUIERDO 2,722,950

LOOMS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 27, 1950 Patented Nov. 8, liif ii- LooMs Federico de los" Santos Izquierdo, Mexico City, Mexico Application December 27, 1950, Serial No, 202,934

, 2 Claims. (Cl. 139-190) This invention relates to looms, and more particularly to: ar-loomsuitable for the manufacture of tightly woven fabrics such as velvets, velvetl ike cloths, carpets, and the like.-

Specifically in a loom in accordance with the invention, the batten or slay, which, preferably comprises the loom reedi referred to in my Patent No. 2,603,242, is operated by a linkage and lever system and a disc supported crankpin, thereby eliminating the crankshaft system, and attendant disadvantages used in most of the looms, the shuttle driving mechanism comprises a cylinder with a. pair of. cams which operate a pair of picker sticks tensioned by springs for driving the picker sticks which in turn drive the shuttles. The mechanism for securing the uniform tension of. the warp, comprises a plurality of. warp beams containing the warp threads, tension rollers, and sand and cloth rollers.-

The novel features that are considered characteristic of i the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended. claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its organization and its: method of operation, together with additional. objects and advantages thereof, will best. be understood from the following description of a specific embodiment when read in connection with the accom panying drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like parts. through the several figures and in which:

Figure l is a side view in elevation of a Ioom in accordance with the present invention; and

Figure 2 is a. rear view in elevation of the loom shown:

in Figure 1 with some parts omitted for clarity of illustration.

Referring specifically to the accompanying drawings, a loom in accordance withthe present invention. comprises two. side frames connected by an upper crosspieee 11 the frames 10 each having a vertical stringer 12. The slay of the present invention comprises a reed 13, preferably of the type disclosed in my aforementioned Patent No. 2,603,242;

The reed 13 is supported by and extends between a pair of arms 14 which are pivoted at their lower ends to the frames 10'respectively and are connected at their upper ends by a cross-bar 15 to provide a. unitary inverted U-shaped structure. Guide members 16 and 17 are arranged at the respective ends of the reed 13 and form a continuation of the rails of the reed for the travel of the. shuttles (not shown). The guide members 16 and 17 carrypickers 18 and 19', respectively, for driving the shuttles.

The slay is driven by a mechanism including a linkage and lever system which in turn is driven by a crankpin on a disc. This mechanism includes a link 20 connected at one end to the reed 13 and at the other end to one end of a link 21, the other end of which is connected to the frame 10 by a pivot 26. Preferably, the pivot 26 is on substantially the same level as the pivotal connection between the link 20 and reed 13. One end of a link 22 is connected with the links 20 and 21, preferably the connection being jointly with the connection between said links 20 and 21. The other end of the link 22 is connected to a lever 23 at a point intermediate the ends of said lever. One end of said lever 23 is mounted on the frame 10 by a pivot 28 and at its other end said lever is provided with a longitudinal slot 27. I

A crank disc 24' carries a crankpin 25 which rides in the slot 27. By the use of the pin 25 on the disc 24, the

orbit of the pin can be readily adjusted to vary the stroke of the lever. The arrangement of the pin 25 and the links and lever is such that the links 2% and 21 pass through center, or into alignment, and beyond the center, once in: each direction, twice for eachrevolution of the pin 25.- The foregoing linkage, lever and crank are duplicated on each side of the machine and the two crank discs 24 are fixed on a shaft 45 extending. between and jonrnalledon the side frames 10, said shaft being provided with adrive pulley 3'7. This arrangement enables variation ofthe length of slay travel by merely changing the position of the crankpin. The beating up of the weft is stronger due to the special arrangement of the driving means, and there is a double beating up for each revolution of the drive shaft. This double beating up of the weft requires less energy, while at the same time, the interval of time for the passage of the shuttle is longer than the intervala-ifordedby the systems previously in use, whereby the weft becomes more uniform and compact.

The shuttle driving mechanism also is driven from the shaft 36 and this mechanism comprises a cam drum 29 carrying a pair of cams 30. Preferably the slay driving gear 43- is carried by the drum 29 between the cams 3i! and the drum is midway between the frames 10 so that the mechanism is symmetrical, but it need not be so ar ranged.- A pair of earn follower levers 31 are mounted on pivots 39 carried by a bracket 49' and disposed in alignment with the drum 2). At one end the levers 31 carry cam followers 38 for respective cooperation with the cams 30 and at the other end the-levers 31 are respectively connected by links 41 with the lower ends 42 of a pair of picker sticks 32 respectively.

The picker sticks 32 are in the form of levers which are pivotally mounted intermediate their ends, but closer to their lower ends 42-. The picker sticks are respectively mounted on arms 14 on each side of the machine and are connected at their upper ends with the pickers 18 and 19 respectively. Immediately below the guides 16 and 17, the picker sticks 32 are connected to springs 33 by links 34 and clamps 35. Thus, the picker sticks are biased toward the reed and pull on the links 41 which pull on the cam levers 31 and urge the cam followers 38" into engagement with the cams 30.

The profiles ofthe earns 30 are such that during one half rotation or turn of the cylinder 29 a picker stick reaches the outer end of. its stroke and tensions its spring 33; During the second half turn of the cylinder 29, the position of the picker stick 32 does not change until the end of the travel, at which point the cam 30 causes the picker stick to advance its position a little in the opposite direction inand exactly at the end of the half turn the travel of the cam follower 38 is suddenly changed at a'rigllt angle, permitting the spring 33 to retract the picker stick to the inner end of its stroke, thus driving the pickers and effecting the driving of the shuttles. two earns 30 on the drum 29 are offset 1 so that the picker sticks 32- are driven alternately. The gear 43 drivesthe gear 4 at a rate of 2 to 1 sothat the eccentrics 24" rotate once f'orthe driving of each picker stick.

This driving mechanism enables a constant drive with out sudden increases in energy or power; the driving of the shuttle or shuttles is independent of the speed of the loom since the driving speed depends on the strength of the springs; the driving of the shuttle can be controlled at will; the driving of the shuttle or shuttles is The effected without impact since the respective picker is in contact therewith throughout the operation; the driving is effected silently since there is no impact between picker and shuttle, and finally, a considerable reduction in wear on the shuttles is effected.

The mechanism for obtaining uniform tension of the warp consists of a plurality of warp beams 46, 47, and 48, containing the warp, tension rollers 49, 50 and 51 and the sand and cloth rollers 52 and 53. The warp beams, preferably are of the same size, dimensions, for instance, being 100 mm. inner diameter by 400 to 600 mm. outer diameter, while the common width is 200 mm. Each series of warp beams is mounted on a common shaft; thus, for instance, the series of warp beams 48 turns on the shaft 54, the warp beams 46 on the shaft 55, and the warp beams 47 on the shaft 56. The shafts 54, 55, and 56 are mounted on the frames by open journals 57. Thus each warp beam of each series turns independently and all the respective series forms the width of the warp and the thread of all the warp beams passes above the corresponding tension roller of the series adopting the position of the warp proper.

The tension rollers 49, 50 and 51 are covered with sand paper or emery for thick treads, or simply with leather, rubber, or the like, for fine and delicate threads. For the latter threads, pressure roller 58 is required for pressing them down on the tension roller 51. The tension rollers may be provided with means to control the tension of the warp. As the pressure of the tension rollers on the threads is uniform, the tension of the warp is also uniform independently of the amount of thread on the warp beams. The tension roller 49 is connected with the sand roller 52 which has the same diameter, by means of a chain 59 that drives both rollers. The tension roller 49 and the sand roller 52 are provided with one-way brakes, or pawl and ratchet devices, to prevent variation of tension of the warp.

The movement of the rollers and warp is effected as follows: at each beat-up of the weft thread by the reel, the latter pushes the cloth that is being formed and, consequently pulls the threads of the warp; these threads act on the tension roller 49 and cause it to effect a slight advancing motion. As this tension roller 49 is connected with the sand roller 52 by the chain 59, it causes the sand roller 52 to effect the same movement in turn and be retained by its brake. The last thread of the weft will be precisely in the farthermost position taken by the reed at its former beating-up and it is evident that a new weft insertion will cause the thread of the warp to advance again toward the tension roller. If, for some reason, the shuttle does not leave a weft thread, the rollers will not advance and therefore the fabric will not advance.

This system or mechanism has the advantages that the preparation of the warp is considerably reduced since it is confined only to fill the warp beams; the different amount of thread contained in each warp beam and the different tension of the threads therebetween are independent of the operation thereof, since it is the tension roller with its brake that fixes an equal tension for all threads; warps can be prepared with threads having a different number or diameter since they pass the roller an equal length, and they can pass together without the need of making several warps; it allows for the practical and ready attainment of a uniform warp tension throughout the fabric, this being a problem the solution of which was heretofore considered impossible and finally the fabric, aside from other advantages such as uniformity and a greater output and the like, is free of the defects produced by variation in tension and undue insertion of the weft.

Although a certain specific embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, it is obvious that many modifications thereof are possible. The invention therefore, is not to be restricted except in so far as is necessitated by the prior art and by the spirit of the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what I consider as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A loom comprising a frame, a reed forming a guide for at least one shuttle, means for driving said reed fo beating-up the weft and including a first link connected. at one end to said reed, a second link connected at one end to the other end of said first link, said second link being pivotally mounted on said frame on a level substantially coincident with the level of the connection between said first link and said reed, a third link connected at one end jointly with the connected ends of said first and second links, a lever pivotally mounted at one end on said frame and pivotally connected intermediate its length to the other end of said third link, said lever having a longitudinal slot in its free end portion, a crank member journalled on said frame, a crank pin on said crank member and slidable in said slot, the diameter of the path of said crank pin being in relation to the lengths of said lever and links to move said first and second links beyond each side of alignment, whereby said reed is driven to beat-up the weft twice for each revolution of said crank pin, and shuttle driving mechanism including a picker stick movably mounted on each side of said frame, means for actuating said picker sticks alternately, and drive means connected with said crank member and said actuating means and operative to drive said crank member one revolution for the actuation of each picker stick.

2. A loom comprising a frame, a reed forming a guide for at least one shuttle, means for driving said reed for beating-up the weft and including a first link connected at one end to said reed, a second link connected at one end to the other end of said first link, said second link being pivotally mounted on said frame on a level substantially coincident with the level of the connection between said first link and said reed, a third link connected at one end jointly with the connected ends of said first and second links, a lever pivotally mounted at one end on said frame and pivotally connected intermediate its length to the other end of said third link, said lever having a longitudinal slot in its free end portion, a crank member journalled on said frame, and a crank pin on said crank member and slidable in said slot, the diameter of the path of said crank pin being in relation to the lengths of said lever and links to move said first and second links beyond each side of alignment, whereby said reed is driven to beat-up the weft twice for each revolution of said crank pin.

. References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 9,024 Goulding Jan. 15, 1852 121,161 Davis Nov. 21, 1871 177,920 Bigelow May 30, 1876 239,936 Collins Apr. 12, 1881 288,468 McMurray Nov. 13, 1883 324,287 Adam Aug. 11, 1885 365,420 Widmer June 28, 1887 384,622 Hamblin June 19, 1888 386,506 Thomas et al July 24, 1888 780,737 Stadler Jan. 24, 1905 972,835 Eilhauer Oct. 18, 1910 1,797,473 Klahre Mar. 24, 1931 FOREIGN PATENTS 112,592 Switzerland Nov. 2, 1925

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