US386506A - thomas - Google Patents

Description

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Patented July 24, 1888.

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@Nita STATES SAMUEL T. THOMAS AND VINFIELD S. THOMAS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHU- SETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE AMERICAN METALLIC FABRIC COMPANY, OF

PORTLAND, MAINE.

LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 386,506. dated July 24, 1888.

Application led February 28, 1884.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, SAMUEL T. THOMAS and NVINFIELD S. THOMAS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts,

have invented anew and useful Improvement in Looms, which will, in connection with the accompanying drawings, be hereinafter fully described, and specifically defined in the appended claims.

The object of our invention is to providean improved loom which, though more especially intended for weaving wire fabrics, is also adapted for other purposes.

The several features of our invention will first be described, and then summarized in the claims at the end of this specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a loom embodying` our invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective View of a zo portion of our loom, showing the frictiondriving devices, the brake and shipper mechanisms, and adjacent parts. Fig. 3 is a detached sectional elevation showing the shipper-lever in connection with the clutch-pulley lever and devices i'or relieving the brake.

Fig. 4 is a section through the axis of the friction-clutch pulley and the pulley or wneel upon which it acts to drive the loom. Fig. 5 is asectional end elevation with the driving 3o mechanism shown in Fig. 1 removed and intended to represent the arrangement of the take-up rolls, but more particularly the stopmotion devices. the stop-motion devices. Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views of the lay, a portion of its operating mechanism, and some adjacent parts, the devices being shown in different positions in the two views, and the frame of the loom being represented by dotted lines. Fig. 9 is au ele- .io vation ofthe end of the loom opposite that shown in previous views, and in which the takeup and let-ott devices, the harness-cams and levers, and the cam and lever for operating the lay through thetoggle-joint connection are clearly shown, the lay being shown in its extreme forward position. Fig. 10 is a perspective ofthe end of the leoni shown in Fig. 9, taken from a standpoint to the left of said Fig. G is a detached view of- Serial No. 122,270. (No model.)

ligure, and shown with the frame broken away in places to more clearly exhibit certain parts. 5o Fig. 11 is a detached perspective of a portion of the devices shown in Fig. 10, illustrating more clearly the ratchet mechanism for actuating the take-np and let-off by means of devices attached to and operated by the lay. Fig. 121s a side view showing a portion ofthe devices represented in Fig. 11, as seen from the right of the latter ligure. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a section of our warp-beam, showing the means for securing the warp thereto. Fig. 14 is a vertical section of the clamp shown as inserted in the beam in Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a section through the beam, as on line z z, Fig. 13. Fig. 16 is a sectional elevation in a central vertical plane as viewed from the same standpoint as in Fig. 9, but showing the inner side ofthe frame at the opposite end of the loom with the devices thereto attached, the levers and cam for actuating the lay, the lever, cam, and spring for throw ing the shuttle, a part ofthe kink-preventing and stopniotion devices, and the arrange ment of the take-up rolls. Fig. 17 is a top View or plan of the right-hand portion of the loom, showing the lay in its forward po- 75 sition and the other parts in their proper relative positions. Fig. 18 is a plan like Fig. 17, but showing the lay back, the shuttle in the right-hand box and ready to leave, its actuating-lever being on the point of being released by its cam to the action of its counteracting torsionlspring, and the weft-thread being shown as extending from the sel vage across the kink-preventing device tothe shuttle in the box. Fig. 19 is an enlarged detached per- 85 speetive of the right-hand portion of the lay, the shuttlebox, the stop-motion devices attached to the lay, the shipper-lever, and the shipper-lever locking and detaching devices. Fig. 20 is a detached side elevation of a pertion of the lay and a part of the stop-motion devices thereto attached, the kink-preventing device, the levers for actuating the lay, the kink-preventing device, and the stop-motion, the lay being also represented in broken linesin 95 its back position, and the relative positions of the other parts are similarly represented corresponding to such changed position of the lay. Fig. 21 is a side view of our warp-beam, and Fig. 22 is an end view thereof. Figs. 23 and 24 are detail views of the `lever for actuating the raddles and the operating mechanism for said lever. Figs. 25, 26, and 27 are detail views of the clutch-lever and adjacent parts. Figs. 28 and 29 are detail views showing the shaft from which the take-up and letoft mechanisms are operated, the adjustable box for said shaft, and adjacent parts.

'lhe loom thus illustrated is designed for broad heavy weaving, and requires astiff and substantial frame, which may be constructed in the well-known manner. Upon ashaft, 21, journaled in bearings mounted in a supplemental frame, 22, Figs. 1, 2, is iixed a friction-wheel, 23, which is or may be of ordinary construction. There is also upon the same shaft a friction-clutch pulley, 24, having a lineal as well as rotary movement on said shaft, and being constructed and arranged,as shown in Fig. 4, to drive wheel 23 by frictional contact therewith. Power is applied to the loom to operate the same through a belt which turns the clutch-pulley 24. This pulley is forced into and out of contact with the friction-wheel 23 by means of a forked clutch-lever, 25, having pins which work in a groove, 26, in a hub formed on the pulley, as shown, (Figs. 2, 4,) said lever being formed with a vertical shaft or bar, 27, which is squared at its upper end to receive lever 28, and arranged to be thereby rocked about its axis, and to thus impart the requisite lineal movement of the clutch-pulley on its shaft to make and break Contact with the friction-wheel, said lever 28 being secured to the top of the shaft 27, as shown, and extending toward the front of the loom it passes through a slot in the shipper-lever 29, by which it is actuated by the hand of the operator to stop and start the loom in the well-known manner. Shaft 27 is sustained by a bracket, 149, secured to the supplemental frame 22. (See Figs. 25, 26, and 27.)

Pivoted to a bar, 30, secured to frame 22, Fig. 2, is a curved brake-lever, 31, which bears upon wheel 23, when required to stop the same, with a pressure equal to the contractile force of a spring, 32, which is adj ustably secured to the end of the lever, as shown. To relieve wheel 23 from the pressure of the brake when starting the loom, a horizontal bar, 33, is pivoted to the rear end of the clutch-lever 25, and to bar 33 another bar, 34, is adj ustably connected by bolts 162, passing through a slot, 163, (see Fig. 2,) near one end, while at its opposite end (more clearly shown in Fig. 3) it is formed with a downward incline, 35. When the clutch-lever 25 is rocked to force the driving-pulley into and out of contact with the friction-wheel, as before described, the bars 33 and 34, connected, as stated, with the rear end of the clutch-lever, will be moved horizontally, according to the movement of the clutch-lever. If that movement is such as to set the loom in motion, then the movement of the bars will be in the direction to cause said incline 35 to ride upon the projecting shoulder 36, formed or secured upon the frame, thus raising the bar to the extent of the depth of the incline. A vertical bar, 37, is secured at itsupper end to the brake-lever, while its lower end is in close proximity to the upper side of bar 34, so close that when said incline by a horizontal movement of the bar, as stated, causes the bar to rise upon shoulder 36 it comes in contact with the end of rod 37 and raises it also, thereby carrying the brake lever up against the resistance of its spring and relieving the wheel 23 from its pressure, and when the movement of the clutch-lever is such as to stop the loom there will be a retractive movement of the parts just described, and'spring 32 will instantly apply the brake to the fricti0n-wheel,causing it to stop promptly. Upon shaft 21 there is also fixed a small bevel-gear, 38, Fig. 1, which meshes into a large gear, 39, secured upon shaft 40, which extends horizontally from side to side of the loom, and is the main driving-shaft, carrying the cams which, through lever-connections, operate and time the movement of the lay, and also carrying the gear 41, which meshes into a larger gear, 42, fixed on the end of an upper shaft, 43, which also extends from side to side of the loom, operating the shuttle driving mechanism and other devices and transmitting movement to the harness mechanism.

Pivoted to the frame, ou either end of the loom, is a lever, 44, Figs. 5, 9, 16, which carries a roll, 45, that works in a groove in a cam, 46, fixed on the lower shaft, 40. The forward end of this lever is jointed to a vertical arm, 47, Figs. 5, 9, and 16, which at its upper end is connected with a togglejoint,one branch of which is pivotally bolted to the frame at 4S, and the other to the lay at 49, and it is through these devices that the lay is moved and timed in its movements, as will be described. Ihe lay 50 is supported upon a horizontal shaft, 164, in the lower portion of the loom-frame, and so as to rock thereon in the usual manner. The harness 51, Fig. 10, is suspended by hooks secured above and below in cords which pass over pulleys 165, as shown, and connect with both the upper and lower ends of the harnesslever 52 53, which are pivoted to the side of the frame at 54,and are actuated and timed in their movements bythe cams 55 56, carried by shaft 150, said shaftr being provided with a beveled gear, 151, meshing with a similar gear, 152, on shaft 43.

When theloom isin practical operation, the movements of the lay and its time of action and rest relatively to the harness and shuttle movements are as follows: supposing the shuttle to have just made its flight and entered the box, leaving a thread or pick of filling properly in the warp, the shed remains open, While cams 46, acting on levers 44, move arms 47 upward, carrying the toggle-joints and lay from the position shown in Fig. Sinto the position shown in Fig. 9, at which point the lay will give the requisite blow to the filling and beat it into its proper place in the warp. The toggle-joints will still move upward into the position shown in Fig. 7, thus slightly retracting the lay, and will then commence to move downward to the position shown in Fig. 9. During the upward movement from this last position and return to it again the harness closes and opens the shed, crossing the warp over the last pick of weft, and as the togglejoints in their descent come into a straight line again, as in Fig. 9, they cause the lay to give a second blow to the filling after the warp has been so crossed over it, as is desirable in some kinds of weaving. This double beating move of the lay results from the construction of the earns 4G and the connections by which the toggles 49 are operated from said cams, the latter being so formed as to lift or throw the centers of the toggles above or beyond a straight line between their ends at the extreme upward movement of the arms 47, as above described. rlhe arms of the toggle-joints are further drawn downward till they reach the position shown in Fig. 8, when the lay is at its extreme backward position and drawn into contact with and is supported steadily upon a cushioned rest, 57, secured to the back arms of the toggle-joints, and reinainsso at rest during the iiight ofthe shuttle.

The means employed for throwing the shuttle with a uniform velocity are as follows: Upon each end of' the loom is pivoted in a bracket, 58, extending inward from the frame, Figs. 17, 18, alever, 59, which lever at its front end is attached by a strap, 60, to the usual picker staff, 6l, which is connected with the shuttlc-box G2 and arranged to throw the shuttle therefrom in the well-known manner. Toward its rear end lever 59 carries a roll, 63, which bears against a cam, 6l, secured upon and rotated by shaft 43. A spiral spring, 65, is coiled about a vertical shaft beneath this lever, and at its upper end is attached to the forward portion ofthe lever, as shown, while at its lower end it is attached to a wiudingwheel, 66, provided with peripheral holes or sockets, into which bars, as 161, are inserted, as shown, to secure and wind the spring about its central shaft to the requisite degree to produce sufficient reactionary force therefrom to th row the shuttle with the velocity required. This force is exerted when the lever 59 is turned on its pivot by cam Gif, as vfrom the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 18 to the position shown in solid lines in said figure, (or from the position shown in Fig. 17 tothat shown in Fig. 18,) against the said force of spring 65, and then suddenly released from the incline on said cam to return its roll by a direct line to the lowest part thereof, thus bringing the rear end sud` denly into the posifionin which it restsagainst the buffer 67, extendingiuward from the loomframe. The lever, being so acted upon by the cani in one direction and by thetorsional force of the spring in the opposite direction, iinparts through its connection with the pickerstaff the required force to the shuttle to throw it with the requisite velocity to the opposite shuttle box, and this force is adjustable by means ofthe winding-wheel 66, through which more or less torsional strain may be put upon the spring.

To avoid kinking in the weft-thread and consequent damage to the woven fabric,which sometimes occurs in hard-twisted lling and in metallic threads in that part of the weft which extends from the selvage to the shuttle in the box when it is slackened as the shuttle leaves theI box, we employ the following devices: /Vhen the lay is at rest on its extreme backward throw, as has been described, the filling 68, Fig. 18, will extend from the selvage of the woven fabric to the shuttle in the box, as shown, and this being the position from which the shuttle is thrown, when it starts out of the box it will slacken the weftthread between it and the selvage until it has entered the shed far enough to draw the thread into the warp. lf thc thread is inclined to kink, it will do so when thus slackened. To prevent this we secure an elastic arm, (39, to a rod'for rock-shaft, 70, Figs. 18, 19, extending through the lay. llhis arm is composed of a wire which lies horizontally under the line of iilling as it extends from the selvage to the shuttle in the box, as shown. To makeit sufficiently elastic, it is coiled at its connection with rod 70. The rod to which it is attached is arranged to make a partial revolution in the lay, beiug,when not acted on for that pur p0se,held by the torsional force of a spring-,72, attached to it and the lay, so as to keep the wire arm 69 in thc horizontal position shown and described. In the rear end of rod 70 there is a pin, 73, projecting therefrom in a plane parallel to arm (59. Upon this pin a lever, 74, acts to give rod 70 a quarter-turn when required. This lever 7-lI is pivoted to astud,75, and its rear end rests upon a cam, 76, secured to shaft 43, Fig. 20. The end of the lever is kept in contact with the cam by a coiled spring, 77. Cam 76 is so formed and its movement so timed relative to the flight of the shuttle that it raises the end of lever 74 in contact therewith just as the shuttle commences to move out of the box, or slightly in advance of such movement, and thereby forces the forward end of the lever down upon pin 73, and turns rod 70 so as to raise arm 69 into contact with the lilling, such movement keeping pace with the iiight of the shuttle, or so that the filling is looped over the arm G9,and is thereby kept straight between it and the selvage and the shuttle until the shuttle has progressed far enough to release the filling by springing the arm down sufficiently to allow the thread to be drawn therefrom into the warp free from kinks. The arm 69 is sufficiently' sti fi" to maintain the requisite tension upon the filling to prevent its kinkng, but not stiff enough to overcome the shuttle-tension upon the thread,

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and thus to retard the velocity of the shuttle;

and said arm returns, by action of the cam and springs, toits horizontal position again before the shuttle returns to the box from which it was last shot. Each end of the lay is provided with such a device for preventing kinks in the lling. Upon each end of the lay are devices which are constructed and arranged to operate in connection with other devices, as a weftstop motion, whereby the action of the loom is arrested whenever the weft fails to reach across lthe warp, such stopping of the loom taking place just as the lay commences to move forward from its extreme back position and before the harness mechanism moves to close the shed.

The construction and inode of operation of these devices are as follows: On the back side of the lay are secured two bearings or guides, in which a vertical rod, 78, Figs. 19, 20,nioves up and down. To the top of this rod is fastened a block, 79, in which a number of small horizontal rods or fingers, 80, are secured, and which project forward and across and above the shuttle-race, constituting what we term a raddle,7 Fig. 19. A gui'depin, 81, keeps this raddle from lateral movement abopt the axis ofils rod 78. Upon the frontof the lay, opposite the device just described, is secured a bracket, 82, in which is pivoted, as shown, a block, 83, carrying a number of small rods or fingers, 84, constituting another raddle, which projects back ward below and across the shuttle-race in a recess in the lay, as shown, and having its fingers arranged beneath the spaces between the fingers ol the upper raddle, 79 80, so that the upper lingers may pass down between the lower ones without coming in contact therewith. From the pivotal block of this lower raddle there projects an arm, 85, which isjointed to and upholds a pin,86,which is supported laterally by and moves vertically in a bearing, 87, formed on said bracket. This pin projects below the lay far enough to come in contact with an incline, 88, on the edge of a plate,153, adj ustably attached by screws 154, passing through a slot, 155, in said plate, Fig. 19, to a horizontal bar, 89, which is pivoted at its rear end to a standard, 90, upon abracket, 58, Figs. 16, 20, and at its front end is pivot ally secured by a screw or pin, 156, to a sleeve, 91, Fig. 19, fastened to a rod, 92. This rod connects with the lower end of a lever, 93, which is pivoted to an arm extending out from the frame of the loom at 94, and the upper end of which works in a slot in the back side of the shipperbracket 95 at 96 to actuate a detaching slide, 97, arranged to move upon the top of said bracket to dislodge the shipperlever, as will be more fully explained. The

shipper-lever 29 works in the slotted bracket 95, and a rod, 98, extends through the loomframe, having secured upon it a spring, 99, one end of which rests against the frame and the other against a sleeve, 100, secured to the rod bya set-screw. The spring is also secured to said sleeve and frame, so that it cannot turn freely upon said rod. Upon the outer end of the rod is secured a collar, 101, having a projection toward the lay. Against the 7o projection on this collar the shipper-lever 29 is pressed when starting the loom, and is carried against the resistance of spring 99 until it is interlocked with notch 102 in its bracket. Spring 99, being secured from turning freely on rod 98, as stated, is arranged to be wound about said rod by the turning of the same, to produce a torsional action in said spring. This torsional force ofthe spring is utilized to keep the shipper-lever 29 in the notch 102, by 8c means of a short lever, 103, Fig. 2, secured to said rod 98, and at its upper end being provided with a projecting pin, which bears against the front side of the shipper-lever with the torsional force of said spring 99. There are two ways in which pin 86 is raised out ol range of incline 88, as the lay rocks backward rand forward, carrying said pinone by means of acam, 104, Figs. 7, 8, 20, upon shaft 43, which operates a lever, 105, 9o pivoted at 106, and kept in contact with said cam by a coiled spring, 107, Figs. 23,

24, while its forward end extends under rod 78 and serves to raise said rod when required. Upon the rod is a collar, 108, (see Fig. 6,) which, when the rod rises, comes in contact with one end of a lever, 109, which is pivoted at 110, and at 111 isjointed to a rod or arm` extending from raddle 83, and thereby said raddle is rocked so as to raise its arm 85 and loo the pin 86, connected therewith. rlhis means of raising the pin is operative every time the shuttle is in the box at the opposite end of the lay. The other way of operating the lower raddle and raising its pin 86 is by the falling 105 of the upper raddle, consisting of block 79 and its rods or fingers 80, when lever moves downward away from rod 78 and allows it with its said attachments to fall by gravitation. This movement takes placejust as the 11o shuttle is entering the box and has passed out of range of the falling raddle, when, if the weft-thread lies across the lower raddle, as shown in Fig. 19, the fingers of the falling upper raddle will bear upon the weft, and thus .I`i5 will form a connection with the fingers of the lower raddle, and thereby as the upper one moves down, bearing upon the intervening weft, its weight will tilt the lower one, and consequently raise its pin 86 out of range of 12o the incline 88, while the lay nieves forward to beat said weft-thread into its proper place in the warp and will not stop the loom; but if said weft-thread does not follow the shuttle,

as it should, and is not across theJngers of the lower raddle when the shuttle enters the box and the upper raddle falls, then the fingers of the Lipper raddle will pass down between the fingers of the lower raddle without contact therewith, and consequently with- 13o out tilting the same and raising pin 86, which pin will in that case, when the lay moves forward, strike incline 88 at the commencement of such forward movement of the lay, and

will thereby move its bar 89 laterally against the resistance of spring 112 and impart lineal movement in the same direction to rod 92, which will rock the vertical lever 93 and cause the upper end thereof to move slide 97 in the opposite direction, driving its incline 113 against the shipper-lever, thereby forcing said lever out ofits retaining-notch 102, when spring 99 by its expansive force will immediately carry the shipper into the position shown in Figs. 2 and 19 in bracket 95, and this movement of the shipper will disconnect the friction-clutch or belt-pulley from the frictionwheel, and at the same time release the brake, allowing it to be sprung upon the wheel 23, as hereinbefore described, and thus the motion of the loom will be immediately stopped before the lay has beaten against the filling or the shuttle or harness have moved from their positions.

The warp beam or roll, which as an entirety is designated 114, consists ofa shaft, 115, Figs. 13, 21, and 22, provided with a key, 116,whieh, together with the shaft, extends across the loom, the shaft being suitably mounted in journal-boxes in the frame thereof. The warpbeam proper is composed of a number of iron sections, 117, which may be provided with flanges 157, said sections being fitted to the central shaft and its key and secured together lineally by four rods, 119, passing` through the same parallel to the central shaft and between that and the surface about which the warp is wound, said sections being clamped between the heads formed upon one end of said rods and nuts threaded upon the opposite ends. These sections each have a groove, 120, planed in them, and when so secured upon the central shaft they are arranged so that their several grooves are in line and form a continuous groove the entire length of the beam.

Into the groove in each section is fitted a wooden block, 121, which is also grooved in a similar manner and provided with a wooden clamping-piece, 122, fitted to said groove so as to leave the requisite space for the ends of the warp-thread to pass around the same and to be securely clamped between the two by means of screw-bolts 123, passed through and into the same, as shown in Fig. 1li.

The warp-roll may be when preferred made in one entire piece, grooved and provided with a clamp, as described, instead of in sections, as shown and described, our invention in this particular being confined to -the means for securing the warp by means of a clamping device inserted and secured in a groove inthe beam. rlChe clamp being properly fitted to the groove in the beam, the winding of the warp about the same will secure it in position.

Ve will now describe our improved takeup mechanism and mechanism combined therewith to let off uniformly with the takeup or .variably therefrom.

Upon the front of the loom are journaled, in brackets extending outward from the frame, two take-up rolls, 124 and 125, Fig. 1G, These rolls are provided at one end, 011 the right, with gears 158, connected by an intermediate gear, 126. Resting against roll 124 is another roll, 127, and against roll 125 rests a similar roll, 128, these rolls 127 128 being journaled in bearings in the loomfranie or in suitable brackets attached thereto. These four rolls, which may be made of wood or metal, are of uniform diameters, and the two first are positively actuated by gearing, while the other two are moved by frietional contact with those that are geared. The woven fabric 129 passes over a small roll, 130, journaled in the frame at the front of the loom and around roll 124-, thence around roll 127, being pinched between these two rolls next to and around roll 125, thence up between this roll and roll 128, and over the latter to the place of delivery, all as indicated in said Fig. 16. Roll 125 is provided with a gear which has a less number of teeth (two less in this case) than'there are in the gear on roll 124, and roll 1211 being the driving-roll there is consequently a slightly faster movement imparted to roll 125, which produces a strain upon the fabric between that roll and roll 127. This strain, in conjunction with the pressure which the fabric receives in passing between the meeting faces of the rolls, produces a finishing effect upon the fabric analogous to calendering, whereby the surface of the goods is leveled under a uniform tension and the appearance of the same greatly improved, and in some cases of fabrics woven for special purposes- 21s, for instance, metallic fabrics-the quality of the goods is thereby improved. Ve do not, however, herein claim the method of finishing wire fabrics just described, as this feature of our invention is embraced by our application, Serial No. 261,557, led January 21, 1888.

XVe provide the take-up roll 124C with a worm-wheel, 131, Fig. 9, on the left or opposite end from that to which the gears already referred to are attached, and the number of teeth in said wheel corresponds to the number of inches around the circumference of the roll. A shaft, 132, is mounted in suitable bearings on the side of the loom, and upon its front end is secured a screw or worin, 133, which engages the teeth of the worm-wheel 131, and one revolution of said worm moves said wheel to the extent of one tooth, which is equivalent to the extent of one circumferential inch of the roll to which the wheel is attached.

rIhe shaft 132 is turned by means ofa ratchet, 1311, secured thereon, which is actuated by a pawl, 135, Figs. 11 and 12, which pawl is pivoted to an angle-lever, 13G, journaled on said shaft adjacent to the ratchet, and having an arm, 148, extending into the path of the lay. Upon the sid-e or sword of the lay is pivoted a bar, 137, the under side of which is inclined and rests on a projection, 138, on the inside of the loom-frame and extends under arm 148. As the lay moves forward to beat in the filling, the forward end of bar 137 slides under the arm 148 in close proximity thereto,

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and as the lay advances its incline slides upon projection 138, causing the bar to rise int-o contact with arm 148, carrying that up also, and thereby turning lever 136 on shaft 132, together with its pawl, which engages the ratchetteeth, and thus the ratchet is moved to the extent ot' one tooth, and as the whole number of teeth in the ratchet represents one revolution of the worm, and one revolution of the worm represents one tooth of the wheel and one inch of the circumference of the roll, and as each movement of the lay in beating up the picks moves the ratchet one tooth, therefore each tooth of the ratchet represents one pick, and as Ymany teeth as there are in the ratchet so many picks will there be to the inch in the woven fabric to a mathematical exactness.

To vary the number of picks of weft in an inch of the woven fabric one or more, it is only necessary to change the ratchet for one containing the number of teeth corresponding t0 the exact number of picks required. This is a result which is not obtainable by means of the usual changes of gearing heretofore ernployed to vary the takeup in looms, and enables a manufacturer to regulate the quality of his goodstoadegreeof nicety and certainty, and with an advantage heretofore unattained by take-up devices. When the lay has thus caused a movement of ratchet 134, and has moved backward again, withdrawing bar 137, then the projecting arm 148 of pawl-lever 136 will fall by its gravity, and thereby retract pawl135 to the requisite extent. A detentpawl, 139, pivoted t0 the frame and engaging the teeth of the ratchet-,prevents a reaction of the ratchet-wheel when its actuating-pawl is so retracted.

In connection with the take-up devices just described we employ, when desirable, a positive let-off, which is actuated simultaneously with the take-up, and by the same means above described. We extend the shaft 132 and. support such extension in a journal-box on the rear of the frame, Figs. 9, 10, and upon that end of the shaft we place a gear, 140.

This gear meshes into another gear141, secured upon the outer end of a short shaft, 142 journaled in bearings on the inner side of the frame and carrying at its forward end a bevelgear, 143. This gear meshes into another bevel-gear, 144, ofthe same size, secured to a vertical shaft, 145, which is also vsupported in suitable bearings upon the inner side of the frame. This Vertical shaft carries at its upper end a worm, 146, like that shown on the takeup end o f shaft 132, and' Worm 146 Works in a worm-wheel, 147, secured to the warp-roll, ,and being like the Worm-Wheel on the take-up roll. The ratchet actuated by the lay to turn shaft 132 to operate the take-up devices, as described, also operates simultaneously therewith the let-off or warp-roll 114, through the mechanism just described, and to the same eX- tent that the take-up roll is turned if gears 140 and 141 are equal, but when it is desirable that more warp should belet off than is taken up by the direct action of the cloth or take-upl 140; or if it should be desirable to retard the Warp,then a gear with a greater number oftceth than are contained in gear 141 may be substituted therefor to work with gear 140, an adjustable journal-box,159,construoted in any well-known ,and suitable manner being provided to accommodate the variable gears to each other. As herein shown, this journalbox is secured to a bracket, 160, Figs. 28 and 29, attached to the loom-frame, and to adapt the shaft 132 for a considerable adjustment said shaft may, if desired, be provided with a joint, 166, as shown in Fig. 28. By this method of constructing and arranging the letoft' devices any practical degree of variation, either faster or slower, of the warproll from the take-up roll may be had to suit the requirements of the fabric being Woven, and to compensate for the variations in the quantity of warp upon the roll as the weaving progresses. In ductile metallic warps, Where it may be desirable to retain the ductility of the threads in the woven fabric to a greater or less degree, such an arrangement of positive and differential take-up and let-off is adapted to secure the most perfect results.

We claim as our invention- 1. The combination, with the lay 50, of the toggle, the rest 57, the cam 46, its operating mechanism, and connections between the said cam and toggle, whereby the lay will be brought against said rest and there held during the flight of the shuttle, as set forth.

2. The combination, with the lay and the shuttle and their actuating mechanisms,of the rock-shaft 70, provided with an arm, 69, having a yielding connection with said shaft, and

thus adapted to move independently thereof,4

and mechanism for rocking said shaft,whereby IOO IIO

the weft will`be prevented from kinking when it is slackened as the shuttle starts forward to pass through the shed, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the loom-frame and the lay, of the rock-shaft 70, provided with yielding arm 69, torsional spring 72, pin 7 3,1ever 7 4,pivoted t0 said frame and arranged to act on said pin, shaft 43, cam 76,and spring 77, for holding said lever in contact with said cam, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination,with the lay,of'the vertically-movable raddle 79 80, means for operating the same, the pivoted raddle 83 84, having arm 85,the vertically-movable pin S6, connected to said arm, the lever 89, provided with an incline adapted to be engaged by said pin when the latter is depressed at the commencement of the forward movement of the lay, a shipper-lever for stopping and starting the loom, and connections between said shipper-lever and the lever 89, whereby whenV the IIS weft is absent the loom will be stopped at the commencement of the forward movement of the lay, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination,\vith the lay, of the pivoted raddle 83 S4, the pin 8G, upheld thereby, the vertically-movable raddle 79 80its operating-rod 7S, having a projection, as collar 10S, a lever operated by said collar, and connections between said lever and said pivoted raddle, whereby the latter will be tilted to lift the pin S6 when the vertically-movable raddle is lifted, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the lay, of the vertical shaft 78,1addle 79 S0, collar 108, secured to said shaft, lever 109,arranged to be engaged at one end by said collar, raddle 83 84, connected with said lever, pin S6, lever 105, the loom-frame to which said leveris pivoted, cam 104, spring 107, and shaft 43, whereby when said shaft 78 and raddle 79 S0 are moved upward the raddle S3 S1 will be tilted, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with the lay and the vertically-movable pin S6, supported thereby, and means for operating the said pin, of the lever S9, provided with an adjustable plate having an incline, S8, rod 92, connected willi said lever, lever-93, slide 97,having an inclined projection, shipperlever 29, and bracket 95, adapted to operate substantially as set forth.

S. The combination, with the movable slide 97, means for operating the same, the shipperlever 29, and bracket 95, having a retainingnotch forsaid lever, ofthelongitudinally-mova ble rod 98, provided with torsional and retracti ng spring 99,and collar 101,having a projection, an arm or lever, 103, attached to said rod and adapted to engage said shipperlever, whereby when said slide is moved the said shipper-lever will be disengaged from its retaining-notch and moved to effect the stopping of the loom, substantially as set forth.

9. The combinatiomwith theloom-frame and driving-shaft 2l, supported thereby,of the friction-clutch and drivingpulley 23 24,the clutchlever 25, the arm or lever 2S, the shipperlever-29, the brake-lever 31, its spring 32, a sliding bar connected with said clutch-lever and provided with an incline, and a vertical bar, 37, whereby when the said shipperlever is moved in the proper direction the parts forming the driving-clutch willbe disconnected and the brake be simultaneously applied, substantially as set forth.

1 0. rlhe combination, with a warp-roll provided with a longitudinal groove, of a grooved block or beam fitted in said groove, a clamping-bar adapted to be inserted in the groove of said block or beam, and attaching devices, as screw-bolts 123, for securing said clampingbar in place, substantially as set forth.

11. The combination, with the rolls 12Jc and 125, differentially geared, as described, and means for operating said rolls, of the intermediate pinion,126,and the friction-rolls 127 and 12S, whereby the woven fabric as it is taken up in the process of weaving is passed over and between said rolls and pressed and snbjected to a uniform strain, thereby leveling and finishing the surface of the web, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination, with a pair of take-np rolls and their operating worm-gear wheel, of a shaft provided with a worm and a ratchetwheel, a warp or let-off roll provided with wormgear wheel, a second shaft carrying a worm, connections between said shafts, a pawlcarrier and pawl for operating said ratchetwheel, the lay, and a device moving with the latter for imparting motion to said pawl-carrier, whereby said take-up and let-off rolls will beintermittingly and sin'iultaneously operated from the lay, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination, with the take-up roll, ofthe shaft132 and mechanism for rotating the same, connections for rotating said roll from said shaft, a gear-wheel, 140, on said shaft, a gear-wheel, 141, having a number of teeth different from the number of the wheel 140, a warp or let-off roll, and a train of gearing between the latter and the said gear-wheel 141, whereby the said takeup and let-off mechanisms maybe simultaneously but differentially operated, substantially as set forth.

SAMUEL T. THOMAS. YVIN FIELD S. THOMAS.

lVitnesses:

EUGENE HUMI'HREY, T. W. PORTER.

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