US2713548A - Method of making a protective glove - Google Patents

Method of making a protective glove Download PDF

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Publication number
US2713548A
US2713548A US269876A US26987652A US2713548A US 2713548 A US2713548 A US 2713548A US 269876 A US269876 A US 269876A US 26987652 A US26987652 A US 26987652A US 2713548 A US2713548 A US 2713548A
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Prior art keywords
glove
thumb
seam
gloves
polyvinyl
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Expired - Lifetime
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US269876A
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English (en)
Inventor
White Geoffrey Kent
White Harold
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US2713548A publication Critical patent/US2713548A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/0055—Plastic or rubber gloves
    • A41D19/0058—Three-dimensional gloves
    • A41D19/0065—Three-dimensional gloves with a textile layer underneath

Definitions

  • This invention relates to protective clothing, namely gloves, mitts, and some types of boot or shoe, as used for example by industrial workers whose tasks involve the handling of corrosive and otherwise dangerous or deleterious materials, and/or the man-handling of heavy rough objects.
  • the invention relates to protective gloves for workers dealing with hydrofiuoric acid, including those engaged in some forms of atomic research in which that acid is used.
  • the invention will be described as applied to such gloves, its application to the other garments then being obvious and being within the scope of the appended cla1ms.
  • an entirely impervious glove such as one made by dipping a former into rubber or into polyvinyl-chloride, or the like, there is no provision for the escape of skin exudations and, in consequence, the accumulated perspiration etc. within the glove may react chemically with certain components of the material of the glove, to set up dermatitis and other forms of skin irritation.
  • impervious gloves can be used for short periods only, which is an economic disadvanta 6.
  • the present invention is concerned with articles (herein described as gloves) made by dipping a fabric base into polyvinyl-chloride or the like and wherein the polyvinyl-chloride or like material is first applied to the fabric body by dipping, is then permitted to drain and is subsequently cured by heat While the glove is in a vertical position, so as to be set and rendered permanent.
  • articles herein described as gloves
  • the present invention is based upon an appreciation of certain special conditions inherent in such method of manufacture and of a weakness which hitherto has resulted therefrom. Hitherto, it has been the practice in making up the fabric body of the glove to have a longitudinal thumb seam located on the inside of the thumb so that (in the case of a glove) it joined the base seam of the thumb in the crotch, namely between the thumb and the fingers, or (in the case of a mitt) in a similar or equivalent position.
  • the location of such crotch is an area which is subject to maximum strain in the general use of the article and, as may be expected,
  • the glove has an outer layer of a flexible, non-pervious material (other than rubber) of such a nature that it can be cured so as to set and be rendered permanent by the application of a high temperature, such as polyvinyl-chloride, formed on to the outer surface of a pre-fashioned inner layer of wool or other flexible absorbtive material, e. g.
  • a high temperature such as polyvinyl-chloride
  • a circular knitted cotton material by a clipping process, in a bath of controlled viscosity, so as to be keyed on to the inner layer by an only partial impregnation of the inner layer so that, whilst the outer thickness of the inner layer serves to hold the outer layer as a continuous film, the inner thickness of the inner layer is left free from impregnation so as to be capable of taking up moisture from the user's skin, the outer layer eventually being cured by the sudden application of a temperature between 350-450 F.
  • the arrangement is characterised in that the (or each) longitudinal thumb seam is positioned so as to be on the outside of the thumb, that is to say away from the location of the crotch, and so located that any thinness in the coating, due to the seam being raised whilst the glove is on the former on which it is dipped, is not in the area that receives maximum strain in use.
  • the invention is applied to gloves which are held vertically while being cured (with the tips uppermost or lowermost as may be desired), and more preferably to gloves which also are held vertically while draining takes place after dipping.
  • the invention may also be applied to gloves which, though held vertically with the tips lowermost during draining and curing, are inverted after dipping and before draining and/ or curing so as to have the tips uppermost.
  • the garment to be cured should be placed in a stove or the like which has been raised to so high a temperature, which with polyvinyl-chloride is preferably about 420 F., that the material will upon being placed therein set sufiiciently that during curing it will not to any substantial extent flow through the inner layer or run down the outside of the garment.
  • the viscosity, temperature and/or wetting-out properties of the preparation from which the imprevious skin is to be made will, before the dipping process, be adjusted and the time period for impregnation will be chosen according to the nature of the material used for the pre fashioned lining, and will be maintained so as to obtain a partial and preferably a uniform impregnation of the inner layer.
  • the inner layer when the inner layer has been in the bath for a length of time sufiicient to bring about the required degree of impregnation, it is withdrawn and the outer film allowed to become partly set or tacky, as by evaporation of plasticiser, to arrest further impregnation, and is then replaced in the bath so that a thickness of the outer layer may be built up without further encroachment into the absorbtive inner layer.
  • curing may take place between successive clippings, by placing the article in a stove or the like which has been raised to a high temperature as aforesaid.
  • the inner layer is usually of a cotton fabric heavily raised on one side, and in the made-up glove the raised surface is the inner surface.
  • the resultant glove has a rather roughened surface since the polyvinyl-chloride coagulates and eventually sets around such fibres. This roughening is beneficial for many industrial processes, especially where a good gripping surface is required.
  • the inner layer is singed all over its outer surface, whilst on the former and immediately before dipping, for the removal of fuzz.
  • the singeing should preferably be carried out only just before dipping to ensure that no re-raising of surface fibres is allowed.
  • Fig. 1 is a rear view of a fabric body of a lefthand glove on a former ready for dipping, the glove body being of the old style with the longitudinal thumb seam on the inside of the thumb;
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the finished glove, again with the longitudinal seam on the inside of the thumb;
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of a left-hand glove made in accordance with this invention and showing the preferred form of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the glove shown in Fig. 3, with the thumb turned back to show the crotch.
  • the longitudinal thumb seam 1 is on the inside or front of the thumb 2, and joins the base seam 3 of the thumb in the crotch.
  • the edges of the scam I which are in the interior of the thumb, cause the seam to stand up as a longitudinal ridge. It has been observed that this ridge causes the coating material to flow down the thumb and away from the higher part of the ridge, as indicated by the arrows 4 in Fig. 1, during curing, with the result that the coating in the crotch, indicated by the shading at 5 in Fig. 2 is thin and, as this is the area of maximum strain when the glove is in use, the coating often breaks down there.
  • the seam 1 is on the outside of the thumb, on the back of the thumb, so that any thin areas resulting from the flow of coating material away from the seam are not in the area of maximum wear,
  • the fabric body of the glove is first made from an unbleached 54" circular-knitted, cotton fabric, raised on one side and weighing approximately 10.8 ozs. per yard.
  • the glove is made to the exact pattern, to fit a porcelain former, accurate cutting and machining being essential to ensure an exact fit.
  • the raised side of the fabric is inside.
  • Other materials are suitable, the raised cotton being cited as an example having commercial advantages.
  • Such glove is first placed on the former, which is of the curved-fingerand-thumb type, so that the completed glove will conform more nearly to the natural position of the hand, after which it is dipped into a bath containing a polyvinylchloride paste.
  • the former be placed into the bath quickly and that it be drawn out slowly.
  • there are two racks each fitted with 30 formers (15 left hands and 15 right hands under normal conditions) set in 5 rows of 6, which racks when loaded, are fitted into the slides of a dipping machine, fingers downwards.
  • the dipping machine consists of a slide which holds the two racks and is capable of being moved vertically towards and away from the bath with the aid of worm gears, manual power being sufficient for the descent, but electric power being provided for the ascent.
  • the said racks are lowered into a tank holding the polyvinyl-chloride mixture, until gloves are immersed to the required depth, the depth of dip being limited to the length of the shortest glove in the set.
  • the gloves are lowered into the bath quickly, so as to obtain, as nearly as possible, simultaneous impregnation all over them, but the raising of the racks is done slowly, the ideal speed being the rate at which the polyvinyl-chloride flows down the gloves as it drains back towards the bath.
  • the two racks of formers should contain the same size of former, though not necessarily of the same type.
  • one rack of mitts and one of gloves may be used together, but they must both be 8 /2. or 7 /2 etc.
  • the tank V is 5 9" x 3' 2" and is filled to a depth of 19", at which depth it has an approximate capacity of 176 gallons, and is suitable for the dipping of gloves up to and including a 15 finished glove. If longer lengths of glove are required the depth of mixture in the tank must be increased proportionately.
  • the tank should be stirred at least once a day to prevent sedimentation, produced chiefly by black dye, when used. The use of mechanical agitators in the mixture, when the plant is at rest, gives more satisfactory results, than when such agitators are not used.
  • the temperature of the polyvinyl-chloride mixture should remain constant, say at 62 F. (55-65 F. has been found to be the useful range), so that the viscosity is not varied and a uniform penetration and coating is ensured.
  • the mixture After withdrawal of the formers from the bath, the mixture is allowed to drain from the gloves, either back into the bath or in a suitable drainer, for a period of say 24 minutes, this period running from the moment when the withdrawal from the mixture commences, to the moment when the gloves are placed in the oven.
  • the drainer if employed, should catch the surplus polyvinyl-chloride draining from the gloves, since a considerable quantity is recoverable. This should be recovered from the drainer daily to obviate the creation of sediment.
  • the racks are turned through 180 so that the fingers now point up wards, and are left in such position for 15 seconds, to allow the odd drops of polyvinyl-chloride on the finger tips to run back, after which the two racks are put in the oven at an oven temperature of 420 F.
  • the oven referred to is for the curin of the polyvinyl-chloride, and is an electrically-heated, insulated oven in which air is circulated by a rapidly rotating, electrically-driven fan. A cure is effected in minutes time, but this time period will vary according to the temperature of the stove and according to the nature of the materials in the bath and the degree of hardness required in the final product.
  • the racks are removed from the oven, and the completed gloves are pulled off the formers and allowed to cool naturally, care being taken that they are kept in shape.
  • the formers themselves are cooled by means of a created draught, cleaned of any spots of polyvinyl-chloride, dirt, etc. and reloaded with the fabric linings.
  • the gloves When cool, the gloves are finished off by trimming off the cuff edge down to the depth of dipping, and hemming or binding in the usual way.
  • the polyvinyl-chloride paste is diluted with either tricresylphos phate, tri-Xenyl phosphate, or a mixture of the two in any proportion, and is dyed to a reddish brown shade with the aid of 3 I. C. I. dyes, sold under the following registered trademarks:
  • the paste, dye and T. C. P. are mixed together for a minimum of one hour, but preferably for a longer period.
  • the mixing may in fact be safely continued overnight.
  • Gloves made according to this example have been found to have a very high resistance to wear, in addition to their adaptability for long periods of use without injury to the users skin.
  • a method of making a protective glove or the like which comprises forming a glove body of absorptive fabric and having a longitudinal seam only on the side opposite the palm, quickly dipping the entire body into a solution of a polyvinyl chloride resin so as to wet the entire body practically simultaneously, holding said body in said solution only for the time necessary to impregnate the outer surface, withdrawing said body and holding it in a vertical position for a number of minutes to drain 01f excess solution with the thumb down, then inverting said body for less than one minute to allow solution on the finger tips to run back, and immediately thereafter subjecting said body to the sudden application of a temperature of 350450 F. to cure said body.
  • a method of making a protective glove or the like which comprises forming a glove body of absorptive fabric and having a thumb having a longitudinal seam only on the side opposite the palm and an encircling base seam, quickly dipping the entire body into a solution of a polyvinyl chloride resin so as to wet the entire body practically simultaneously, holding said body in said solution only for the time necessary to impregnate the outer surface, withdrawing said body and holding it in a vertical position for a number of minutes to drain 01f excess solution, and immediately thereafter subjecting said body to the sudden application of a temperature of 350-450 F. to cure said body, whereby the coating on said base seam in thicker than on said longitudinal seam.
US269876A 1951-02-26 1952-02-04 Method of making a protective glove Expired - Lifetime US2713548A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB300323X 1951-02-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2713548A true US2713548A (en) 1955-07-19

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ID=10301157

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US269876A Expired - Lifetime US2713548A (en) 1951-02-26 1952-02-04 Method of making a protective glove

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2713548A (xx)
BE (1) BE508997A (xx)
CH (1) CH300323A (xx)
FR (1) FR1049996A (xx)
GB (1) GB706852A (xx)
NL (1) NL77836C (xx)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2838759A (en) * 1956-05-10 1958-06-17 Advance Glove Mfg Co Glove
US2913729A (en) * 1957-05-28 1959-11-24 Edmont Mfg Company Perforated glove
US3050738A (en) * 1959-11-05 1962-08-28 Edmont Inc Glove
US3065096A (en) * 1958-08-08 1962-11-20 North & Sons Ltd James Protective clothing and the like
US3079274A (en) * 1957-01-10 1963-02-26 North & Sons Ltd James Production of articles of protective clothing
US3151333A (en) * 1961-11-17 1964-10-06 Scholz Paul Abrasive surfaced glove
US6687911B2 (en) * 1999-12-28 2004-02-10 Martina Fitz Handling aid for a tampon for feminine hygiene

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US745150A (en) * 1903-02-16 1903-11-24 Frederick H Busby Glove.
US1179871A (en) * 1915-08-30 1916-04-18 James P St John Hand-covering.
US1500097A (en) * 1920-04-14 1924-07-08 Chester H Ross Impervious-seamed article and process of making the same
US1538263A (en) * 1924-10-17 1925-05-19 Albert C Ackerman Method of making gloves
US2060343A (en) * 1935-07-10 1936-11-10 Robert C Palicki Method of coating fabric work gloves
US2083684A (en) * 1935-03-29 1937-06-15 Samuel J Burke Rubber coated glove and method of making the same
US2431078A (en) * 1944-06-27 1947-11-18 Carbide And Carbon Chemicais C Vinyl resin suspensions

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US745150A (en) * 1903-02-16 1903-11-24 Frederick H Busby Glove.
US1179871A (en) * 1915-08-30 1916-04-18 James P St John Hand-covering.
US1500097A (en) * 1920-04-14 1924-07-08 Chester H Ross Impervious-seamed article and process of making the same
US1538263A (en) * 1924-10-17 1925-05-19 Albert C Ackerman Method of making gloves
US2083684A (en) * 1935-03-29 1937-06-15 Samuel J Burke Rubber coated glove and method of making the same
US2060343A (en) * 1935-07-10 1936-11-10 Robert C Palicki Method of coating fabric work gloves
US2431078A (en) * 1944-06-27 1947-11-18 Carbide And Carbon Chemicais C Vinyl resin suspensions

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2838759A (en) * 1956-05-10 1958-06-17 Advance Glove Mfg Co Glove
US3079274A (en) * 1957-01-10 1963-02-26 North & Sons Ltd James Production of articles of protective clothing
US2913729A (en) * 1957-05-28 1959-11-24 Edmont Mfg Company Perforated glove
US3065096A (en) * 1958-08-08 1962-11-20 North & Sons Ltd James Protective clothing and the like
US3050738A (en) * 1959-11-05 1962-08-28 Edmont Inc Glove
US3151333A (en) * 1961-11-17 1964-10-06 Scholz Paul Abrasive surfaced glove
US6687911B2 (en) * 1999-12-28 2004-02-10 Martina Fitz Handling aid for a tampon for feminine hygiene

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH300323A (fr) 1954-07-31
BE508997A (xx)
NL77836C (xx)
GB706852A (en) 1954-04-07
FR1049996A (fr) 1954-01-04

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