US2712683A - Treatment of textiles - Google Patents

Treatment of textiles Download PDF

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US2712683A
US2712683A US2712683DA US2712683A US 2712683 A US2712683 A US 2712683A US 2712683D A US2712683D A US 2712683DA US 2712683 A US2712683 A US 2712683A
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carpet
solvent
fabric
trichloroethylene
sizing
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/17—Natural resins, resinous alcohols, resinous acids, or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B9/00—Solvent-treatment of textile materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/10—Processes in which the treating agent is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents; Processes for the recovery of organic solvents thereof

Definitions

  • the cleansing operation may be carried out at various positions in the sequence; sometimes the material is treated while it is in the yarn form but usually when it is in the woven state. With the exception of the furnishing fabric and carpet trades and possibly the hosiery trade it is unusual to make use of scoured yarns.
  • the yarn being woven in the greasy state offers less resistance to the withdrawal of the wires in the weaving of carpets and other pile fabrics and the assistance normally required by applied lubrication is unnecessary.
  • the greasy yarn is stronger than scoured hank dyed yarn.
  • the steps which may be eliminated by the process of the invention include hanking of yarn, scouring, drying and winding. Further we are able to achieve the very important advantage that weaving may be effected while the yarn still carries oil added to facilitate spinning.
  • the present invention consists in a step in the process for the manufacture of carpets, pile fabrics and the like which comprises treating the said fabrics with a volatile grease solvent whereby grease and dirt are removed, treating the cleaned fabrics while still wet with solvent with a sizing agent which is soluble in the organic solvent and finally treating the sized fabric to remove the solvent.
  • organic grease solvents are suitable, including volatile hydrocarbons such as white spirit, benzene, toluhydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, dichloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride, and solvents such as acetone and other ketones and esters etc.
  • volatile hydrocarbons such as white spirit, benzene, toluhydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, dichloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride, and solvents such as acetone and other ketones and esters etc.
  • chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent and in particular trichloroethylene be cause of the high solvent eificiency, non-inflammable nature and suitable physical properties such as convenient boiling point and low latent heat of vaporisation.
  • chlorinated rubber formulations with or without varying proportions of chlorinated paraffin waxes, modified rosins such as ester gums and zinc calcium resinate, ethyl cellulose, polystyrene, vinyl acewith vinyl acetate, polymerized methyl methacrylate, phenolic resins and the bitumen residues obtained in the refining of petroleum oil.
  • the sizing agent in the treatment of the fabrics with the sizing agent we are not limited to a particular method of application; we may, for example, apply the agent in the finely divided solid or liquid form, for example as a spray. Alternatively, we may in suitable circumstances apply the size by means of a transfer roller or the like, rotating in a bath of molten sizing agent. More conveniently; however, we use a solution of the sizing agent in an organic solvent and advantageouslythe solvent used is the same as that employed in the degreasing and cleaning step.
  • insecticidal agents such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, benzene hexachloride and the like, and antimildew agents such as tetra methyl thiuram disulphide, organic zinc salts such as zinc resinate, or beta-naphthol in alcoholic solution and the deposition of these on the fabric renders them mothproof and mildew proof for a considerable period after treatment.
  • antimildew agents such as tetra methyl thiuram disulphide, organic zinc salts such as zinc resinate, or beta-naphthol in alcoholic solution and the deposition of these on the fabric renders them mothproof and mildew proof for a considerable period after treatment.
  • antimildew agents such as tetra methyl thiuram disulphide, organic zinc salts such as zinc resinate, or beta-naphthol in alcoholic solution and the deposition of these on the fabric renders them mothproof and mildew proof for
  • the temperature of the trichloroethylene is-not critical but we do in fact prefer and have indeed found it advantageous to use the trichloroethylene at temperatures not appreciably higher than normal.
  • the number of successive baths of trichloroethylene is not critical and the only criterion in this stage of the process is that sufiicient treatment should be given to provide for the effective removal ofthe grease and adherent dirt.
  • the impure trichloroethylene flowing from the last bath of the series may of course be readily purified and adapted for reuse by conventional means, such as filtration, evaporation and condensation. There is, however, at this point'the necessity to emphasize an advantage of our present invention in that these steps afford the means for recovering oily spinning and weaving aids for reuse.
  • the removal of the extraneous trichloroethylene may be carried out by any suitable method, for example, by vaporisation, by mangling or by an air blow. We have, however, found itrnost satisfactory to suck air through the carpet from the pile to the back.
  • the quantity of trichloroethylene, or indeed any other solvent, which can be carried by the carpet while it is in this advantageous condition for the operation of our process will naturally vary according to the type of carpet or other material being treated. This variation may be within very wide limits but it can be stated that the quantity of trichloroethylene carried by the normal carpet is oftheorder of its own weight. Reference has been made to the amount of trichloroethylene carried from the degrea'sing' bath and to the advantage of adiusting the amount before.
  • the concentration of the sizing agent solution necessary for satisfactory treatment is not critical depending as it does on the nature and quality of the carpet, the quantity of trichloroethylene it carries and the finish which is required, However, it is inmost instances convenient to use a solutionof sizing agent in as concentrateda form as possible, provided it is not so concentrated as to lead to premature deposition of the sizing agent.
  • An advantageous form of this further feature of our invention consists in an apparatus for cleaning, degreesing and sizing which comprises a combination of means for cleaning and degreasing strips of woven fabric by an organic solvent, sucking air through the fabric, applying a solution of a sizing agent to the back of the strips of fabric and finally removing the solvent by applying heat to the back of the fabric.
  • the apparatus of the invention includes conventional means such as driven rollers, guide rollers and like devices for introducing, guiding and withdrawing fabri into, through and out of the various component parts.
  • the apparatus of our invention is particularly applicable to the hereinbefore described process for the manufacture of carpets, pile fabrics-and the like.
  • the means comprising the parts of the apparatus according to the invention may in many cases be supplied by more than one form of equipment.
  • the means in which the carpet is treated with solvent may be in a single tank which may or maynot have bafiles and squeeze rollers incorporated or it may be a series of separate tanks;
  • the means for removing extraneous solvent may be a mangle, or a drying chamber or a blast of an inert gas;
  • the means for applying size may be a spray, a transfer roller or even a slot adapted to flow a liquid into contact with the car et;
  • the means for drying may include air drying, steam heated boxes or rotating heated rollers.
  • the carpet first passes into a cleaning compartment containing a number of wash tanks filled with a volatile organic solvent preferably trichloroethylene.
  • the route of the carpet is so arranged that the material, conveyed by means of a plurality of rollers, is made to enter each wash tank in turn, coming into contact with cleaner solvent as each successive tank is entered.
  • a continuous stream of distilled solvent flows into the last of these wash tanks to be entered by the fabric and the tanks are so arranged adjacent to each other that overflow of solvent takes place successively from the last wash tank to the first, the overflow from the first tank being collected for purification and reuse and for recovery of the dissolved grease, oil, etc.
  • the carpet is, if desired passed through a mangle and thence over one or more slotted extraction pipes in such a manner that the back of the carpet makes contact with the slots as it moves transversely across the pipes.
  • a fan is connected to the pipes to causesuction whereby air is drawn through the carpet and the slots to remove extraneous solvent provision being made for the abstracted solvent to be collected with the aid of a cyclone arrangement.
  • the wash tanks, mangle and extraction pipes are all located in a compartment provided with a seal designed to limit the free escape of solvent vapour.
  • the carpet is next directed over rollers to a sizing device while still wet with the organic solvent.
  • the sizing operation is advantageously performed by employing a transfer roller which rotates on a horizontal axis and is so located that on rotating a part is always submerged in a sizing solution.
  • the carpet is made to proceed over the transfer roller so disposed that sizing solution is transferred to the back of the carpet from the roller as it rotates.
  • the carpet is passed to a drying chamber where it is made to traverse a considerable the carpet is passed before leaving the chamber and these connect to an air heater and fan which are externally situated to the drying chamber.
  • the fan serves to drive hot air through the connecting pipe to the air blow boxes so that it passes through the perforations in the air blow boxes and through the carpet in its last stage of drying.
  • the air circuit is completed by a condenser which is located exteriorly of the drying chamber and the exit from the drying chamber to the condenser is located at the lower end of the drying chamber.
  • the organic solvent recovered by this arrangement may conveniently be reused in the wash tanks provided for the cleaning. If desired solvent vapour which may be entrained in the interstices of the carpet leaving the apparatus can be removed and recovered by appropriate means.
  • a length of carpet requiring treatment is directed to a cleaning compartment 4 through a lead-in conduit 1 fitted with a guide roller 3 the entrance to the compartment being provided with the seal 2 to obstruct the escape of solvent vapour.
  • the carpet is moved continuously through a series of wash tanks, 6, 7, 8 and 9 which are kept supplied with a constant flow of trichloroethylene through pipe 5 to tank 9 last entered by the carpet and are so arranged that the overflow from each tank enters the tank directly adjacent to it and counter to the direction of travel of the carpet.
  • Contaminated trichloroethylene finally leaves by overflow pipe 44, from tank 6, which is the one first entered by the dirty carpet.
  • the trichloroethylene is collected for purification and recovery, in means not shown, of clean trichloroethylene and oil for reuse.
  • each pipe is a slot 45 and each is connected to a fan 15 which sucks air, trichloroethylene vapour and droplets through the duct 14 for delivery to a cyclone arrangement.
  • the air and vapour stream deposits the droplets of trichloroethylene which collect and run into a tank not shown in the diagram through the exit l9.
  • the trichloroethylene thus removed is returned to the cleaning system through pipe 18 leading to wash tank 8.
  • a pipe 17 connects the cyclone directly with the cleaning compartment 4 for return and reuse in the extraction pipes of the air and vapour which has been deprived of the trichloroethylene droplets.
  • the gas circulating in the extraction pipes and cyclone cannot vaporise trichloroethylene from results in the finished each of these air passes over a traverse bar which has the same function as the traverse bar It) to which reference has already been made.
  • the back of the carpet is then brought into contact with a sizing roller 26 which constantly rotates on a horizontal axis and in so doing picks up a quantity of a solution of a sizing agent contained in the vessel 27 V and thereby transfers an appropriate amount to the carpet.
  • a seal 29 can be provided to obstruct flow of solvent vapour between tht sizing compartment and the drying chamber.
  • a refinement is introducedto assist in the removal of the solvent from the carpet and its recovery for reuse.
  • This consists of two air blow boxes 34 located at the exit of the drying chamber the surfaces of which have a number of perforated holes and these are connectedby inlets 35 to a pipe 38 and thence to an air heater 39 and a fantl.
  • the hot air generated in the air heater 39 is driven by the fan 40 in a continuous stream through the pipe 38 and inlets 35 to the air blow boxes 34.
  • the carpet leaving the last drying box is made to pass over blow boxes 34 and so a constant stream of hot air is constantly. passed from the air blow boxes through the carpet to thechamber 31.
  • the air circulation is completed through an outlet 41 located at the base of the chamber 31 to a condenser 42 and thence through a duct 43 leading to the fan 40.
  • thedual purpose is achieved of freeing the finished carpet from trichloroethylene and providing a continuous stream of hot air passing through the drying chamber 31 to take the vaporised solvent to the condenser 42 where it is con-. densed for return to the cleaning chamber.
  • Axminster type can pet in greasy condition 18'' wide and weighing 3% lbs. per sq. yd. was passed through trichloroethylene at room temperature at the rate of 4 yds. per minute thence over extraction slots operating to leave the carpet containing approximately the extraction slots the path of the carpet was over a transfer roller rotating in a solutionof calcium zinc resinate in trichloroethylene.
  • the solution
  • the treated carpet was found to be thoroughly clean and bright in colour with the desirable stifiness and good anchorage of the pile. resinate in the'finished carpet was approximately 0.2 lb.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US2712683D 1950-07-27 Treatment of textiles Expired - Lifetime US2712683A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB18787/50A GB744891A (en) 1950-07-27 1950-07-27 Improvements in or relating to the treatment of textiles

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US2712683A true US2712683A (en) 1955-07-12

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2914225A (en) * 1958-04-14 1959-11-24 Clayton E Foreman Method of cleaning and resizing baseball caps
US2998326A (en) * 1956-04-04 1961-08-29 Nat Starch Products Inc Cleaning and sizing of fabrics
US3984594A (en) * 1973-08-29 1976-10-05 Kanebo, Ltd. Method for producing cellulosic fiber-containing yarns with a non-aqueous sizing solution
US5359757A (en) * 1992-05-15 1994-11-01 Yoshida Kogyo K.K. Method and apparatus for treating a belt-like article
US8074370B1 (en) * 2007-11-08 2011-12-13 Thomas Monahan Horizontal centrifugal device for moisture removal from a rug
US20130255048A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Natural wool pile fabric and method for making wool pile fabric
US20160194789A1 (en) * 2012-12-26 2016-07-07 Guangdong Suorec Technology Co., Ltd. Production method of superclean wiping cloth
US10801139B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2020-10-13 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Sheared wool fleece and method for making sheared wool fleece utilizing yarn knitting
US11713524B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2023-08-01 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Sheared wool fleece and method for making sheared wool fleece utilizing yarn knitting

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7100317A (en)) * 1970-01-16 1971-07-20

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1943000A (en) * 1928-08-17 1934-01-09 Du Pont Rayon Co Method of sizing artificial fibers
US2219728A (en) * 1937-03-05 1940-10-29 North American Rayon Corp Manufacture of crepe yarn

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1943000A (en) * 1928-08-17 1934-01-09 Du Pont Rayon Co Method of sizing artificial fibers
US2219728A (en) * 1937-03-05 1940-10-29 North American Rayon Corp Manufacture of crepe yarn

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2998326A (en) * 1956-04-04 1961-08-29 Nat Starch Products Inc Cleaning and sizing of fabrics
US2914225A (en) * 1958-04-14 1959-11-24 Clayton E Foreman Method of cleaning and resizing baseball caps
US3984594A (en) * 1973-08-29 1976-10-05 Kanebo, Ltd. Method for producing cellulosic fiber-containing yarns with a non-aqueous sizing solution
US5359757A (en) * 1992-05-15 1994-11-01 Yoshida Kogyo K.K. Method and apparatus for treating a belt-like article
US8074370B1 (en) * 2007-11-08 2011-12-13 Thomas Monahan Horizontal centrifugal device for moisture removal from a rug
US20130255048A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Natural wool pile fabric and method for making wool pile fabric
US9212440B2 (en) * 2012-03-30 2015-12-15 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Natural wool pile fabric and method for making wool pile fabric
US10287720B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2019-05-14 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Natural wool pile fabric and method for making wool pile fabric
US20160194789A1 (en) * 2012-12-26 2016-07-07 Guangdong Suorec Technology Co., Ltd. Production method of superclean wiping cloth
US10106920B2 (en) * 2012-12-26 2018-10-23 Guangdong Suorec Technology Co., Ltd. Production method of superclean wiper
US10801139B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2020-10-13 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Sheared wool fleece and method for making sheared wool fleece utilizing yarn knitting
US11713524B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2023-08-01 Deckers Outdoor Corporation Sheared wool fleece and method for making sheared wool fleece utilizing yarn knitting

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DE899635C (de) 1953-12-14
GB744891A (en) 1956-02-15
BE504898A (en))

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