US2637274A - Power-gas generating device - Google Patents
Power-gas generating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2637274A US2637274A US784070A US78407047A US2637274A US 2637274 A US2637274 A US 2637274A US 784070 A US784070 A US 784070A US 78407047 A US78407047 A US 78407047A US 2637274 A US2637274 A US 2637274A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- nitrate
- charge
- column
- gas generating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/007—Ballistic modifiers, burning rate catalysts, burning rate depressing agents, e.g. for gas generating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/12—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product having contiguous layers or zones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/425—Propellants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
- F42B33/02—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges
- F42B33/0207—Processes for loading or filling propulsive or explosive charges in containers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S102/00—Ammunition and explosives
- Y10S102/704—Coolants
Definitions
- the present invention relates to new or improved power gas generating devices adapted to provide a stream of power gases at a predetermined pressure for a predetermined time from solid chemical compositions capable under suit.- able conditions of propagating through themselves without detonation a self-sustained exothermic gas producing decomposition.
- the object of the present invention is to provide devices as aforesaid which are adapted to supply such a stream of power gases for considerable periods of time i. e. of the order of minutes, say from about /4 minute onwards and which are more convenient to produce and/or are more advantageous in action than those heretofore proposed.
- Power gas generating devices are applicable for example for such purposes as the actuation of reciprocating or turbine engines or the propulsion of jet propelled apparatus or projectiles.
- the power gas generating devices adapted to provide a stream of power gases at a predetermined pressure for a predetermined time of the order of minutes are characterized in that the longitudinal surface of a compressed column of a powder mixture which includes at least one nitrogen base nitrate or nitro derivative whose thermal decomposition can be sensitized so as to become selfsustained and a powdered sensitizer of the thermal decomposition of said compound is in intimate contact with the internal surface of a protective structure adapted to prevent the decomposition of the sensitized composition from proceeding along the said longitudinal surface at a faster rate than that at which the decomposition of an exposed transverse surface proceeds through the said column.
- the devices of the present invention can be conveniently produced in the form of greater diameter than a fewinches; the thermal decomposition of the pressed charges in the devices can be made to take place at relatively low temperatures; the yield of ash can be small; there is no tendency for any irregular decomposition to take place during the progressive thermal decomposition of the pressed charges in the devices; the composition of the pressed charges in the devices can be such that their thermal decomposition can be made to take place at normal. atmospheric pressures; and the temperature of the gases evolved on the thermal decomposition of the pressed charges can be as low as 300 to 400 C.
- ammonium nitrate compositions it is preferable to include a compound efiectively inhibiting the volume change that takes place at 32 0. It may also be desirable to include a fuel.
- the column of the powder mixture is to be compressed at a pressure greater than the pressure at which the gas is to be generated and preferably of the order of 10 times this pressure.
- This compressing has the effect, of course, of compacting the powder mixture within a much smaller volume than it would normally occupy in its protective container and the residual elasticity oi the resulting compacted column ensures maintenance of the necessary degree of intimate contact between the sensitized charge and its protective container structure.
- the internal surface of the aforesaid protective structure preferably consists of a layer or lining of heat insulating material so that the longitudinal surface of the compressed column of the powder mixture is in contact with the said layer of heat insulatingniaterial.
- the protective structure may also include a transversely disposed layer of heat insulating material or other protective material against which one end of the column of sensitized composition is compressed, e. g. for the purpose of protecting metal parts of the device from chemical attack by the sensitized composition or preventing decomposition from starting at that end of the column. If desired the said transversely disposed layer of heat insulating I material or other protective material may adhere to the said end of the column of sensitized composition.
- the protective structure preferably comprises in addition to the layer or layers of heat insulating material in immediate contact with the column of sensitized composition an outer reinforcing structure of tough rigid material such as a metal container or casing, which facilitates the removal of the device from the press and enables pressure deformable materials to be used as the insulating layer or layers, and afford mechanical protection to the structure.
- the linear rate of decomposition of the protected column ata given pressure may be controlled by including varying proportions of inert ingredients in the mixture, e. g. china clay, kieselguhr or potassium chloride; or by building up a column of graded composition by pressing successive increments of its length made up of differing individual compositions; or by modifying the geometrical form of the column. For instance, if the column is in the form of a, solid cylinder it will have a constant burning surface, but if it is provided with a coaxial channel so that it takes the form of an annulus of which only the external cylindrical surface is protected, its exposed surface will continually change in area as the reaction proceeds. By such expedients a desired working pressure may be maintained if the rate of consumption of the gases in the apparatus increases or decreases with the time of its action.
- inert ingredients in the mixture e. g. china clay, kieselguhr or potassium chloride
- the insulating material in contact with which the powder mixture is compressed there may be used any suitable material able to fulfill its function of preventing decomposition along the peripheral surface of the column ahead of the exposed transverse surface, and it will usually be necessary that this should be reinforced by a metal cylinder.
- the insulating material must not react with the solid charge, e. g. in the case of sensitized oxygen positive nitrate charges it must be a substantially incombustible material.
- a sheet of Hallite which is a rubber bonded asbestos sheet material containing about 80% asbestos, supported on brass wirecloth, may be used in conjunction with a metal container.
- the insulating material may or may not be appreciably susceptible of permanent deformation on compression.
- the column and. its insulation have a certain tendency to partfrom the surrounding metal reinforcement if the: structures are exposed to temperatures substan-- tially in excess of the temperature at which they were formed in the pressing operation and are again allowed to cool to the lower temp atu This is an effect due to further compression of the column occasioned by its having a higher temperature coefiicient of linear expansion than that of the metal reinforcement.
- any danger of detachment in such circumstances may be obviated by employing as the heat insulating layer a pulverulent composition compressed into compact form around the sensitized composition against the metal reinforcement by the pressing operation in forming the device, this pulverulent composition preferably comprising an inert ingredient such as china clay and if desired also the characteristic gas generating thermally decomposable compound present in the composition forming the column, without including any of the sensitizer, but in the case of ammonium nitrate compositions including an inhibitor of volume change at the 32 C. transition point.
- this pulverulent composition preferably comprising an inert ingredient such as china clay and if desired also the characteristic gas generating thermally decomposable compound present in the composition forming the column, without including any of the sensitizer, but in the case of ammonium nitrate compositions including an inhibitor of volume change at the 32 C. transition point.
- the channel may be formed by drilling it out.
- the pulverulent sensitizer of thermal decomposition of the nitrate or nitro compound of the nitrogen base there may be employed for instance in the case of ammonium nitrate; a chromate; bichromate o-r polychromate of an alkali metal or ammonium, e. g. potassium chromate, potassium bichromate or ammonium bichromate or mixtures of these; a hypophosphite of ammonium or of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, e. g. sodium, potassium, barium hypophosphite, manganese dioxide, ammonium thiosulphate, copper chromite, or nickel chromite; Mixtures of sensitizers may be used in many cases.
- the volume change due to the transition of ammonium nitrate at 32 C. is most effectively inhibited by potassium salts, which may or may not be compounds capable of sensitizing the thermal decomposition of ammoniumnitrate.
- potassium salts which may or may not be compounds capable of sensitizing the thermal decomposition of ammoniumnitrate.
- the compound inhibiting the volume change due to the transition of ammonium nitrate that occurs at 32 C. in the absence of the compound there may be used for instance potassium nitrate, preferably in amount 10% of the weight of ammonium nitrate, but other potassium salts capable of reacting with ammonium nitrate by metathesis may be used instead. Potassium chromate or bichromate may for instance be used. It is advisable to subject the mixture of the ammonium nitrate and the potassium salt used to a short period of storage above 35 C. before the mixture is compressed.
- pulverulent sensitizers for nitroguanidine 0r guanidine nitrate there may be used for in stance chromic oxide, a chromate, dichromate or polychromate of the alkali metals or ammonium; hypophosphites of ammonium, of alkali metals or of barium; copper powder and a number of copper compounds as for instance cuprous oxide, cuprous chloride, cuprous oxalate, cupric ch10:
- cupric oxide a number of nickel, silver, tin, selenium and vanadium compounds.
- pulverulent sensitizers or the thermal decomposition available in the case of nitroguanidine there may be mentioned for example a number of salts of the alkali metals, e. g. potassium nitrite, sodium nitrite, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate (salts of potassium being more active than those of sodium) a number of aluminium compounds, e. g. aluminium chloride, aluminium oxide; various compounds of lead, molybdenum or zinc, for instance lead nitrate, molybdic acid, zinc metal, zinc oxide and zinc carbonate, the two last mentioned compounds being especially active sensitizers.
- salts of the alkali metals e. g. potassium nitrite, sodium nitrite, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate (salts of potassium being more active than those of sodium)
- aluminium compounds e. g. aluminium chloride, aluminium oxide
- various compounds of lead, molybdenum or zinc for instance lead nitrate, molybdic acid, zinc
- the pulverulent sensitizer may be for instance a bichromate or a hypophosphite of an alkali metal or ammonium.
- the sensitized compositions made from ammonium nitrate may if desired include an organic fuel capable of undergoing oxidation during the thermal decomposition of the ammonium nitrate, for instance an organic compound such as anhydrous ammonium oxalate.
- an organic fuel capable of undergoing oxidation during the thermal decomposition of the ammonium nitrate
- an organic compound such as anhydrous ammonium oxalate.
- the tendency is for the calorific value of the composition to increase to a maximum as the amount of such fuel is increased sufficiently to consume the available oxygen with the formation of carbon dioxide and water, and then to fall with further increase in the content of the fuel.
- the temperature and nature of the gases produced and the rate of decomposition may thus be varied by controlling the oxidizable fuel content of the composition.
- the cooler compositions i. e. oxygen positive or strongly oxygen negative compositions are preferable for operating engines, whereas the hotter compositions are desirable for propulsion by gas escape reaction.
- the temperature at which the sensitized nitrates and nitro derivatives of the organic nitrogen bases decompose are substantially lower than those yielded by the burning of black powderlike compositions or smokeless powder, but whereas ammonium nitrate is oxygen positive these compounds are oxygen negative.
- the inclusion of oxygen negative organic compounds thus tends to lower the temperature at which the gases are produced from them.
- sensitized nitroguanidine further reduction of the temperature of the gases evolved on the progressive reaction of the mass of the highly compressed homogeneous powder composition can be achieved by including up to 10% of dimethyl cliphenyl urea which is of high carbon content 70%? and low oxygen content (3.5%).
- the gases evolved may be contaminated with the said sensitizer or its decomposition products as for instance green chromium oxide, in a fine state of subdivision precautions may have to be taken to see that all such finely divided 6 material is removed before the'gases can be used to drive an engine.
- Figs. 1, 2 and 4 are sectional views illustrating diagrammatically several typical forms of power gas generating devices of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a sectional view of part of the device shown in Fig. 2, in which the compressed powder charge assumes a slightly modified form.
- Example I A gas generating device, as shown in Fig. 1, suitable for actuating a William and James motor ill, which is a Zr-cylinder reciprocating engine. consisted of a strong walled steel tube H of 4.7 inches internal diameter and 5 inches external diameter closed at one end and provided with a lining of l-iallite steam jointing sheet material it? into which was'pr'essed in increments under a pressure of 5,550 lbs. per square inch, to form a continuous column, 15 lbs. of a ballmilled powder composition [3 consisting of:
- the open end of the tube was closed by a head Ma and coupled by a steel pipe i4, 6" long, to a William and James motor designed for starting bus engines.
- the charge which is about 15" long. was ignited at its free end by means of an electric powder fuse 5 containing 5 grains black powder, and a disc of black powcler primed cambric, and the gases were filtered through a slag Wool filter Hi introduced into the open end. of the steel tube.
- the decomposition of the charge caused the engine to run for 3 minutes 20 seconds.
- the pressure rose to a steady maximum of 280 lbs. per square inch and the engine developed an average brake horse power of and a maximum brake horse power of 4.1.
- the temperature of the gases leaving the device was 609 C. while the temperature at the inlet to the engine was 349 0., the drop in temperature being due to heat losses in the connecting tube.
- the engine ran smoothly throughout the test, and when examined afterwards was found to be in good condition and free from corrosion.
- Example II Referring to Fig. 2, the propellant composition employed was composed of the following components:
- the charge was placed on its side in a massive decomposition chamber 20 which was connected directly by means of high pressure piping M to a four cylinder compressed gas operated reciprocating engine Hi.
- the charge was ignited by means of a fuse containing a small quantity of black powder so placed that flames were caused to play on the surface of the charge.
- the gases from the charge were passed through a filter 22 containing slag wool before being fed to the engine.
- the engine was driven by the decomposition gases for 2 minutes at an average pressure of 530 lbs. per square inch and the engine developed an average power of 150 B. I-I.P.
- Jet with similar charge-A device including a charge having the same composition as above and prepared in the same way but containing only 120 lbs. of the active material was loaded in the same firing chamber as that shown in Fig. 2 and ignited in the same manner.
- the gases, instead of being passed to an engine through a filter were vented directly to the atmosphere through a nozzle of circular cross-section with a diameter of 0.53".
- the charge burned at a constant pressure of 390 lbs. per square inch for 1 minute 40 seconds in which time the charge was completely consumed.
- Example III A slightly modified construction of the propellent charge employed in Example II is shown in Fig. 3, the charge composition, however, being the same as in Example II.
- Into a 17 inch internal diameter iron pot was introduced an end disc 23 of Hallite just fitting therein and resting thereon a 3 2" Hallite sheet lining 24 for the metal pot IT.
- a bottom layer IQ of 8 lbs. china clay was next introduced.
- a thin metal cylinder 16 /2 inches in diameter open at both ends was then introduced coaxially with the pot, and into this was introduced a measured quantity of the ball-milled composition comprising the sensitized ammonium nitrate making up the main body 25 of the propellant charge.
- a composite structure similar to that shown in Fig. 1 consists of a strong walled steel tube of 4.7" internal diameter lined with e 5" thickness of Hallite and 5.0" external diameter contain-. ing therein 8 lbs. of a powdery composition pressed under a pressure of 6,000 lbs. per square inch so as to give a compressed charge about 9 inches long, the said powdery composition being ball-milled and consisting of:
- the temperature of the gases leaving the charge tube was found to be 600 C., while the temperature at the inlet to the engine was 340 C., the temperature drop being due to heat losses in the connecting tube.
- the engine ran smoothly throughout the test and when examined afterwards was found to be in good condition and free from corrosion.
- Example V A composite structure according to the invention consists of a steel tube of 4.7" internal diameter and 5.0" external diameter closed at one end and provided with a lining of a rubber contain 'ng asbestos-graphite steam jointing sheet and containing therein 5 lbs. of a powdery composition pressed under a pressure of 5,500 lbs. per square inch the said powdery compositions being ball-milled and consisting of:
- Example VI For the device shown in Fig. 4, 8 lbs. of a powdery composition consisting of:
- the charge was ignited in the central hole and on the top surface. Filtration was by means of an annular filter l6 packed with slag wool. The charge was connected by means of a 2" diameter pipe M to a small motor 30 of rotary blower design coupled to an electric dynamometer 3E. The pressure developed and the brake horse.
- Example VII and the brake horsepower figures are recorded in the following table:
- nitrate and nitro derivatives of a nitrogen base compound employed in certain of the appended claims is to be under stood as sufiiciently generic to include ammonium nitrate.
- a power gas generating device adapted to provide a stream of power gases at predetermined pressure for a predetermined time on the order of minutes comprising, in combination. a. compressed continuous column of a sensitized thermally decomposable powder mixture confined within an externally rigid protective structure which includes an internal lining of heat insulating material substantially inert toward said powder mixture, with which lining the longitudinal surface of said column is in direct contact.
- said powder mixture including a thermally decomposable compound selected from the group consisting of the nitrate and nitro derivatives of a nitrogen base compound, and a powder sensitizer of the self-sustained thermal decomposition of said compound; said powder mixture having been compressed in situ in said protective structure at a unit pressure on the order of at least ten times that at which the gas is to be generated to provide a compressed column of compacted powder mixture whose longitudinal surface is maintained in intimate cohering contact with the internal heat insulating surface cf said protective structure, whereby decomposition of the sensitized powder mixture is prevented from proceeding along said longitudinal surface at a faster rate than that at which decomposition of an exposed transverse surface proceeds through said column.
- a thermally decomposable compound selected from the group consisting of the nitrate and nitro derivatives of a nitrogen base compound, and a powder sensitizer of the self-sustained thermal decomposition of said compound
- the method of preparing a power gas generating device adapted to provide a stream of power gases at a predetermined pressure for a predetermined time on the order of minutes which comprises placing within an externally rigid protective structure, which includes an internal lining of heat insulating material su stantially inert to the gas generating charge it is to contain, a thermally decomposable powder mixture including a compound selected from the group consisting of the nitrate and nitro derivatives of a nitrogen base compound, and a sensitizer capable of effecting self-sustaining, nondetonating, thermal decomposition or said mixture, and compressing said mixture into a solid compacted form within said protective struc ture at a unit pressure on the order olat least ten times that at which the power gas is to be generated, thereby causing the compacted powder mixture and said lining to cohere.
- the method of preparing a power gas generating device adapted to provide a stream of power gases at a predetermined pressure for a predetermined time on the order oi minutes upon self-sustained thermal decomposition of a powder mixture which comprises: placing a temporary, open-ended, columnar retainer within an outer permanent, rigid walled protective casing to provide an annular space between the two; filling said annular space with a pulverulent, heat-insulating, inert composition; filling said open-ended retainer with such thermally 8.600111" posable powder mixture; withdrawing said temporary retainer longitudinally of said permanent casing, and thereafter compressing said inert composition and said powder mixture in situ in said casing to bind said powder mixture and said inert composition together.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB35435/46A GB627727A (en) | 1946-11-29 | 1946-11-29 | Improvements in or relating to power-gas generating devices |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2637274A true US2637274A (en) | 1953-05-05 |
Family
ID=10250734
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US784070A Expired - Lifetime US2637274A (en) | 1946-11-29 | 1947-11-04 | Power-gas generating device |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2637274A (fr) |
BE (1) | BE477601A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH268854A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE904996C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR955436A (fr) |
GB (1) | GB627727A (fr) |
NL (2) | NL135577B (fr) |
Cited By (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2923610A (en) * | 1956-04-21 | 1960-02-02 | Ici Ltd | Ammonium nitrate compositions |
US2923612A (en) * | 1956-01-27 | 1960-02-02 | Ici Ltd | Gas-producing compositions |
US2926613A (en) * | 1955-05-23 | 1960-03-01 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Composite rocket-ram jet fuel |
US2935948A (en) * | 1958-02-14 | 1960-05-10 | American Potash & Chem Corp | Rocket igniter pellets |
US2969638A (en) * | 1956-11-30 | 1961-01-31 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Solid propellant and propellant burning rate catalyst system |
US2974592A (en) * | 1956-03-15 | 1961-03-14 | Olin Mathieson | Cartridge |
US2977208A (en) * | 1956-04-21 | 1961-03-28 | Ici Ltd | Gas-producing composition |
US2985104A (en) * | 1955-01-03 | 1961-05-23 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Improved cartridge for producing gas |
US2993334A (en) * | 1954-08-02 | 1961-07-25 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Ignition delay reducing agents for hypergolic rocket fuels |
US2994597A (en) * | 1961-08-01 | Slow burning propellent grain with polysulfide polymer coating | ||
US2997375A (en) * | 1953-07-13 | 1961-08-22 | Atlantic Res Corp | Plasticized ammonium perchloratepolyvinyl chloride propellant compositions |
US3000311A (en) * | 1956-11-06 | 1961-09-19 | Standard Oil Co | Igniter for rocket propellant |
US3027284A (en) * | 1962-03-27 | Composite propellants containing a | ||
US3027282A (en) * | 1958-12-29 | 1962-03-27 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Composite propellants containing modifying agents |
US3069300A (en) * | 1954-12-30 | 1962-12-18 | Glenn H Damon | Boron containing fuel and fuel igniter for ram jet and rocket |
US3074830A (en) * | 1960-01-05 | 1963-01-22 | Cecil A Rassier | Combustion mixtures containing guanidine nitrate |
US3107620A (en) * | 1959-10-20 | 1963-10-22 | Atlantic Res Corp | Propellent grains |
US3109375A (en) * | 1956-12-07 | 1963-11-05 | Atlantic Res Corp | Propellent grains |
US3109374A (en) * | 1956-12-07 | 1963-11-05 | Atlantic Res Corp | Propellent grains |
US3118376A (en) * | 1964-01-21 | Recoilless rifle ammunition | ||
US3128706A (en) * | 1959-04-17 | 1964-04-14 | Atlantic Res Corp | Monopropellent grains |
US3148620A (en) * | 1959-08-14 | 1964-09-15 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
US3150018A (en) * | 1954-05-17 | 1964-09-22 | Aerojet General Co | Solid propellant compositions containing unsaturated polyester resin |
US3151559A (en) * | 1961-06-20 | 1964-10-06 | Schermuly Pistol Rocket App | Pyrotechnic propellant charge |
US3180772A (en) * | 1961-12-04 | 1965-04-27 | Standard Oil Co | Ammonium nitrate propellant |
US3204558A (en) * | 1959-08-14 | 1965-09-07 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
US3397636A (en) * | 1967-03-22 | 1968-08-20 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
US3509822A (en) * | 1960-06-09 | 1970-05-05 | Susquehanna Corp | Propellent grains |
US3653993A (en) * | 1956-06-12 | 1972-04-04 | Aerojet General Co | Smokeless propellent compositions containing polyester resin |
US3653994A (en) * | 1954-05-24 | 1972-04-04 | Aerojet General Co | Propellant compositions containing a metal nitrite burning rate catalyst |
US3753348A (en) * | 1959-11-02 | 1973-08-21 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Propellant burning rate catalyst and method of propulsion |
US5034073A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1991-07-23 | Aerojet General Corporation | Insensitive high explosive |
US20070204942A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-06 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Gas generating composition |
CN108252822A (zh) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-06 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | 利用涡轴发动机尾气发电的喷管 |
CN110578522A (zh) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-17 | 方莹 | 一种致裂管的使用方法 |
CN114872908A (zh) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-09 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | 一种喷管装置及航空发动机 |
CN114954964A (zh) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-30 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | 一种喷管装置及航空发动机 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2976678A (en) * | 1955-12-19 | 1961-03-28 | Standard Oil Co | Restricted solid propellant |
GB2246348B (en) * | 1986-07-15 | 1993-03-03 | Ici Plc | Nitrocellulose propellant composition |
DE4435790A1 (de) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-13 | Contec Chemieanlagen Gmbh | Gasgeneratortreibstoff |
ES2130448T3 (es) * | 1993-10-06 | 1999-07-01 | Nigu Chemie Gmbh | Propulsor generador de gas. |
US6024889A (en) | 1998-01-29 | 2000-02-15 | Primex Technologies, Inc. | Chemically active fire suppression composition |
CN112044014A (zh) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-08 | 山东创威消防设备有限公司 | 一种调整非贮压灭火装置气体发生器药剂喷射时间的方法 |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US321043A (en) * | 1885-06-30 | of new yoek | ||
US826293A (en) * | 1903-12-10 | 1906-07-17 | Wilhelm Theodor Unge | Propelling charge for air-torpedoes, &c. |
GB190726430A (en) * | 1907-11-29 | 1908-07-02 | Emile Bourdelles | Improvements in or relating to Torpedoes. |
US958990A (en) * | 1908-11-10 | 1910-05-24 | Emile Bourdelles | Torpedo. |
FR502560A (fr) * | 1916-08-21 | 1920-05-19 | Procedes Westinghouse Leblanc | Torpille aérienne |
US1471990A (en) * | 1921-08-31 | 1923-10-23 | Cyrus S Wert | Method of forming faced concrete blocks |
GB453210A (en) * | 1935-03-11 | 1936-09-07 | James Taylor | Improved compositions for producing gas for use in pressure operated devices |
GB489279A (en) * | 1936-10-22 | 1938-07-20 | John Macfie Holm | Gas pressure generating charges or cartridges for the actuation of mechanical devices |
GB543729A (en) * | 1941-01-18 | 1942-03-10 | Rover Co Ltd | Improvements relating to the adjustment of hydraulically-operated brake mechanism |
GB570075A (en) * | 1942-11-06 | 1945-06-21 | James Taylor | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of compact combustible explosive charges |
GB570210A (en) * | 1942-11-06 | 1945-06-27 | James Taylor | Improvements in gas-escape reaction-propelled devices |
FR919287A (fr) * | 1944-09-08 | 1947-03-04 | Ici Ltd | Charges pour la production de gaz sous pression et leurs applications |
US2434477A (en) * | 1943-07-07 | 1948-01-13 | Messrs Hornflowa Ltd | Manufacture of moulded articles having differently shaded zones therein from moulding powders |
-
0
- NL NL77935D patent/NL77935C/xx active
- NL NL135577D patent/NL135577B/xx unknown
- BE BE477601D patent/BE477601A/xx unknown
- FR FR955436D patent/FR955436A/fr not_active Expired
-
1946
- 1946-11-29 GB GB35435/46A patent/GB627727A/en not_active Expired
-
1947
- 1947-11-04 US US784070A patent/US2637274A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1947-11-29 CH CH268854D patent/CH268854A/de unknown
-
1948
- 1948-12-30 DE DEP1120D patent/DE904996C/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US321043A (en) * | 1885-06-30 | of new yoek | ||
US826293A (en) * | 1903-12-10 | 1906-07-17 | Wilhelm Theodor Unge | Propelling charge for air-torpedoes, &c. |
GB190726430A (en) * | 1907-11-29 | 1908-07-02 | Emile Bourdelles | Improvements in or relating to Torpedoes. |
US958990A (en) * | 1908-11-10 | 1910-05-24 | Emile Bourdelles | Torpedo. |
FR502560A (fr) * | 1916-08-21 | 1920-05-19 | Procedes Westinghouse Leblanc | Torpille aérienne |
US1471990A (en) * | 1921-08-31 | 1923-10-23 | Cyrus S Wert | Method of forming faced concrete blocks |
GB453210A (en) * | 1935-03-11 | 1936-09-07 | James Taylor | Improved compositions for producing gas for use in pressure operated devices |
GB489279A (en) * | 1936-10-22 | 1938-07-20 | John Macfie Holm | Gas pressure generating charges or cartridges for the actuation of mechanical devices |
GB543729A (en) * | 1941-01-18 | 1942-03-10 | Rover Co Ltd | Improvements relating to the adjustment of hydraulically-operated brake mechanism |
GB570075A (en) * | 1942-11-06 | 1945-06-21 | James Taylor | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of compact combustible explosive charges |
GB570210A (en) * | 1942-11-06 | 1945-06-27 | James Taylor | Improvements in gas-escape reaction-propelled devices |
US2434477A (en) * | 1943-07-07 | 1948-01-13 | Messrs Hornflowa Ltd | Manufacture of moulded articles having differently shaded zones therein from moulding powders |
FR919287A (fr) * | 1944-09-08 | 1947-03-04 | Ici Ltd | Charges pour la production de gaz sous pression et leurs applications |
Cited By (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2994597A (en) * | 1961-08-01 | Slow burning propellent grain with polysulfide polymer coating | ||
US3118376A (en) * | 1964-01-21 | Recoilless rifle ammunition | ||
US3027284A (en) * | 1962-03-27 | Composite propellants containing a | ||
US2997375A (en) * | 1953-07-13 | 1961-08-22 | Atlantic Res Corp | Plasticized ammonium perchloratepolyvinyl chloride propellant compositions |
US3150018A (en) * | 1954-05-17 | 1964-09-22 | Aerojet General Co | Solid propellant compositions containing unsaturated polyester resin |
US3653994A (en) * | 1954-05-24 | 1972-04-04 | Aerojet General Co | Propellant compositions containing a metal nitrite burning rate catalyst |
US2993334A (en) * | 1954-08-02 | 1961-07-25 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Ignition delay reducing agents for hypergolic rocket fuels |
US3069300A (en) * | 1954-12-30 | 1962-12-18 | Glenn H Damon | Boron containing fuel and fuel igniter for ram jet and rocket |
US2985104A (en) * | 1955-01-03 | 1961-05-23 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Improved cartridge for producing gas |
US2926613A (en) * | 1955-05-23 | 1960-03-01 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Composite rocket-ram jet fuel |
US2923612A (en) * | 1956-01-27 | 1960-02-02 | Ici Ltd | Gas-producing compositions |
US2974592A (en) * | 1956-03-15 | 1961-03-14 | Olin Mathieson | Cartridge |
US2977208A (en) * | 1956-04-21 | 1961-03-28 | Ici Ltd | Gas-producing composition |
US2923610A (en) * | 1956-04-21 | 1960-02-02 | Ici Ltd | Ammonium nitrate compositions |
US3653993A (en) * | 1956-06-12 | 1972-04-04 | Aerojet General Co | Smokeless propellent compositions containing polyester resin |
US3000311A (en) * | 1956-11-06 | 1961-09-19 | Standard Oil Co | Igniter for rocket propellant |
US2969638A (en) * | 1956-11-30 | 1961-01-31 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Solid propellant and propellant burning rate catalyst system |
US3109375A (en) * | 1956-12-07 | 1963-11-05 | Atlantic Res Corp | Propellent grains |
US3109374A (en) * | 1956-12-07 | 1963-11-05 | Atlantic Res Corp | Propellent grains |
US2935948A (en) * | 1958-02-14 | 1960-05-10 | American Potash & Chem Corp | Rocket igniter pellets |
US3027282A (en) * | 1958-12-29 | 1962-03-27 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Composite propellants containing modifying agents |
US3128706A (en) * | 1959-04-17 | 1964-04-14 | Atlantic Res Corp | Monopropellent grains |
US3148620A (en) * | 1959-08-14 | 1964-09-15 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
US3204558A (en) * | 1959-08-14 | 1965-09-07 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
US3107620A (en) * | 1959-10-20 | 1963-10-22 | Atlantic Res Corp | Propellent grains |
US3753348A (en) * | 1959-11-02 | 1973-08-21 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Propellant burning rate catalyst and method of propulsion |
US3074830A (en) * | 1960-01-05 | 1963-01-22 | Cecil A Rassier | Combustion mixtures containing guanidine nitrate |
US3509822A (en) * | 1960-06-09 | 1970-05-05 | Susquehanna Corp | Propellent grains |
US3151559A (en) * | 1961-06-20 | 1964-10-06 | Schermuly Pistol Rocket App | Pyrotechnic propellant charge |
US3180772A (en) * | 1961-12-04 | 1965-04-27 | Standard Oil Co | Ammonium nitrate propellant |
US3397636A (en) * | 1967-03-22 | 1968-08-20 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
US5034073A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1991-07-23 | Aerojet General Corporation | Insensitive high explosive |
US20070204942A1 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2007-09-06 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Gas generating composition |
US7887650B2 (en) * | 2006-03-02 | 2011-02-15 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Gas generating composition |
CN108252822A (zh) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-06 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | 利用涡轴发动机尾气发电的喷管 |
CN108252822B (zh) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-10-08 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | 利用涡轴发动机尾气发电的喷管 |
CN110578522A (zh) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-17 | 方莹 | 一种致裂管的使用方法 |
CN110578522B (zh) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-03-02 | 方莹 | 一种致裂管的使用方法 |
CN114872908A (zh) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-09 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | 一种喷管装置及航空发动机 |
CN114954964A (zh) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-30 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | 一种喷管装置及航空发动机 |
CN114872908B (zh) * | 2022-06-08 | 2024-03-26 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | 一种喷管装置及航空发动机 |
CN114954964B (zh) * | 2022-06-08 | 2024-04-16 | 中国航空发动机研究院 | 一种喷管装置及航空发动机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE904996C (de) | 1954-02-25 |
BE477601A (fr) | |
CH268854A (de) | 1950-06-15 |
FR955436A (fr) | 1950-01-14 |
NL135577B (fr) | |
NL77935C (fr) | |
GB627727A (en) | 1949-08-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2637274A (en) | Power-gas generating device | |
US5212343A (en) | Water reactive method with delayed explosion | |
US2159234A (en) | Gas-producing nondetonating composition | |
US2195965A (en) | Gas producing cartridge | |
US2984973A (en) | Liquid-solid bipropellant rocket | |
US2904420A (en) | Gas producing compositions | |
USH464H (en) | Metal hydride explosive system | |
US3046829A (en) | Composite propellent grains | |
US3376174A (en) | Powder containing nitrocellulose, metal or metal hydride and a superficial layer of moderating agent | |
Klager | The interaction of the efflux of solid propellants with nozzle materials | |
US3293187A (en) | Oxygen-generating product | |
US4379007A (en) | Catalysts for nitramine propellants | |
US2769701A (en) | Compositions for use in re-utilisable blasting apparatus | |
US3754511A (en) | Fuel and fuel igniter for ram jet and rocket | |
US3095334A (en) | Thixotropic monopropellants | |
US3137127A (en) | Method of developing high energy thrust | |
US3044911A (en) | Propellant system | |
CN106397077A (zh) | 火驱粉粒点火剂制备方法 | |
US3656432A (en) | Granular ammonium perchlorate propellant | |
US3215028A (en) | Means and method for restricting a solid propellant | |
US2710793A (en) | Solid gas generating units | |
US3126701A (en) | Process for generating gases | |
US2617251A (en) | Gas escape reaction propulsion device | |
US3009800A (en) | Solid rocket propellants containing boron carbide as fuel | |
US3181937A (en) | Rocket hydrofuel container with chemical heating device |