US2636554A - Horizontally fired gas-oil burner - Google Patents

Description

April 28, 1953 c. c. YOUNG HORIZONTALLY FIRED GAS-OIL BURNER 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 F g. L

Filed March 12, 1951 young %w// 4-H 1 95 Cyril Charles Patented Apr. 28, 1953 N TED "HQBI QNTA L FI GAS-OIL Cyril GharlesYeung, KansmQQityhMo.

- 16 (filaims.

les me! f t nement Iii w p em $9l1 2in fi 2iQ flIl P V closed in my copending app1icati0n,U. S. Serial Jim- 133443; filed Se tem e 28 2 9 n w Pate .5 el esult .o thev in rea e us o il ee ip 'glig still atesland the increased demand 'for higher eet e uc s th u p o tr igh un m m w i e-i-siistill e end blends Q stra ght ruriwi h t etel sfimq ediu lsere i snfiic nt i Sup- ;glxme t e ne ds r ..su h u l .for eatipe purposes.

,9?? ;o the mq iert l urce o au i iar 11 0? upplemen the aveilebl sup y .0? h a in fli tillete is s fr m the A, oup o s be ytiqe' ly ever,-.-, tha h roce s pf a al i crackin he eftendeneytoinroduc .e hyd cerbQn mo cul streetur Whi hanged from th t a ht ma n-ty J10 the. so e br nch hai a 3m ehfd ,o efin .t pe\molew e "T us. a a yt eeel y-vpm ted liuel ere rge ere me e 11mult t b rn thanstraigh -run .hee ie ;d ti

M e 1 .cetelmq ly... ;re 1;e@1 iuel a .sthwtu mu provided which will retard the proeess'pfe0mhxi -stiqnin its s co ary pha top jomq Wh keowne eld .11 does. t pe of cqmbu ionfi eth nword wat vap r mu be createdfi mg the imtie sstaees 9f 9mbust on t p mt };hy(j;q ;gen jrqm the fuel to unite with'oxy'gen item (the e. hereby ro iding a swelled ".fweterages".. .ea.qtlq eth h tempe u s iQ combustion.

v.L+% ;g:. d..in -t the enera fea u e fr vPresegqt v entie a heuzentajly fired-burner hhitis pmygded vethi .inclusies. eo bu fion ch m wherein apertpf the incoming combustion suppoqzting air is ;qi1uted with 'fiame gases. The heme ga ses 'are eontrolled within the cembustfflpn ehamber to dilute the airand fuel vapers, a -r-ecizeu1etion flow being established zthe yaperizer-eompamtment -solthet grecimuletionhof 5& @QQQIQQSQQ imggnmgn;

s -P e eqlfih eccpme eteineqv h e -Pum mmei'ci ivule-se elytiqelk; s sre gre ee.. l9l t-p thi inv n i to of bemg firedin"axhdriontell-bdsitibhi gthep qb'ect gf the .presen rivetitien is to ;Fig-u lje -i2. is 11 1 enlarged 61 053 sectional eview a-wlth-parts shewn in elevatieh ar id with parts iliareklen away 91? the burner unit shown i-n Figt. he?

.i ig urea;3 is asfrggmenterytenlargeddenoss sec- ;ttlone-l, sew withepelntssremoved :iOl\.:17he,Sa 1k.=Df i ar tsn ehewsinea h lhoiztqmeseetion aQt; they eentr l --c9re smolect sh t apprizer tpqmp r Figure 4 is a schematic cross sectional view illustrating the flame pattern within the vaporizer compartment; and

Figure 5 is a fragmentary schematic cross sectional View showing the air flow current patterns established within a portion of the vaporization compartment in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

As shown on the drawings- The burner unit of the present invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral Ill and includes a double wall casing II forming a generally cylindrical vaporizer compartment I2, surrounded by an air chamber I3.

The front wall of the compartment I2 is indicated by the reference numeral I4 and is provided with a generally horizontally disposed burner port It which is formed by a tapered throat II diverging outwardly from the vaporizer compartment I2.

The back Wall of the compartment I2 is indicated by the reference numeral Ill and includes a central core l9 formed by two concentrically spaced tubular members joined at one end which project normal to the back wall I8 through the vaporizer l2 toward the burner port I6. Thus, the vaporizer compartment is provided with an annular combustion chamber surrounding a hol low center core.

An air inlet 20 is provided through which pressured air delivered from a suitable source may be provided to the air chamber 13.

A fuel inlet 2i is passed through the double wall casing ii and may be connected to a suitable source of supply to maintain an adequate supply of vaporizable fuel such as a catalytically cracked fuel in the bottom of the vaporizer compartment I2. It will be noted that the front wall it is provided with an adequate lip which :will retain a suitable amount of vaporizable fuel in the bottom of the vaporizer compartment I2. A gas fuelmay be burned in the burner unit l8 in'a conventional manner through gas-burnermixture tubes 22 mounted on a bracket 23 and arranged to be carried in aligned assembly with the inner walls of the central core I9. The gasburner-mixture tubes are arranged to fire through the burner port I6.

A pilot burner 2G is employed in the burner assembly for the purpose of igniting the gas and oil fuels employed therein. The pilot burner 24 is preferably located in the central core I9 and may comprise a burner-mixer of conventional design to supply a combustible mixture of gas to ,a first burner port 26 arranged to ignite the gas emanating from the gas-burner-mixer tubes 22 and a port 2'I which is arranged to direct a flame towards the supply of fuel in the bottom of the vaporizer compartment I2. of pilot burner ports 28 may also be provided The usual plurality intermediate the port 21 and the port 26 so that the ignition of gas emanat ng from any one port ,will ignite the gas emanating from the remaining ports. The pilot burner 24 maybe equipped with the usual heat sensitive element 29 for the purpose of cutting out the fuel supply to the pilot valve 24 in the event of failure of the pilot In operating the burner unit Ill on a gas fuel,

vided by the innermost tubular member forming partment I2.

'4 the central core I9. A tertiary supply of combustion supporting air is furnished through a plurality of ports about to be described in connection with the oil operation of the burner unit I0.

As will be noted upon making reference to the drawings, the vaporizer compartment I2 is of generally cylindrical shape and in this particular embodiment the central core I9 is also of generally cylindrical shape, the two cylindrical elements being eccentrically offset relative to one another so that a combustion chamber is provided between the respective cylinders at the bottom of which the liquid oil fuel may be vaporized and partially burned.

In order to support the combustion of the liquid fuel, a supply of air is forced into the air chamber I3 through the inlet 26 by means of any suitable blower, the structural details of which are not necessary to the understanding of the principles of the present invention.

The lower portion of the central core I9 is provided with a plurality of ports 3I (Figures 2 and 3) which direct radially outwardly directed jets'of air downward upon the ignited liquid fuel at the bottom of the vaporizer compartment I2,

thereby to promote a rapid vaporization of the liquid fuel.

The inside wall of the double wall casing II is also provided with a plurality of aligned ports 32 which are arranged to direct jets of air horizontally over the liquid fuel. The jets of air emanating from the ports 32 intersect the jets of air emanating from the ports 3| thereby creating a turbulence which increases the combustion of the vapors immediately above the level of the supply of liquid fuel.

A plurality of ports 33 are provided in the front wall 14 and are arranged to direct jets of air rearwardly into the vaporizer compartment I2 immediately adjacent the inner surface of the double wall casing i I. lhe jets of air through the ports 33 not only scrub the inner wall of the easing ll thereby avoiding carbon deposits thereon, but at the same time assist in circulating the vapors and gases generated in the lower section of the vaporizer compartment I2 toward the back of the vaporizer compartment as the vapors rise in the compartment I2 due to rapid expansion under the effects of combustion.

The inner wall of the double wall casing II is provided with a plurality of ports 34 which are arranged to direct the jets of air radially inwardly adjacent the back wall Ill. The jets of air moving through the ports 34 not only serve to avoid the accumulation of carbon particles on the back wall 58, but assist in circulating the vapors and gases radially inwardly at the rear of the compartment I2.

The back wall i8 is provided with a plurality of ports 36 which are arranged to direct jets of air horizontally around the central core i9 and directly adjacent the outer periphery thereof. The movement of the air through the ports 36 scrubs the peripheral surface of the central core I9 and also assists in circulating the vapors and gases toward the front of the vaporizer com- As will be noted in Figures 4 and 5, the pattern of movement established by the provision of the ports 33, 34, and 36 is essentially a circular swirling motion indicated by the arrows in.

Adjacent the end of the central core I9, a

.plurality of ports 38 is provided which are arranged to direct jets of air radially outwardly thereby tending to block the immediate passage or: vapors-sand gasesia into otheimainta'hurner c1301?! ittandealso'further contributing toitherevoW-ing motionzofslthe:.gaseousimixture within thewaporizercompartmentaiii. ltzwi'llxbeiunderstoodjthat the)del-ayingractionixvilltinsureia;longer exposure of the Eiu'el. vapors J to ltheienvironment .wof :rthe vaporizer com.partment, :ithereby .rl-assisting min bringing about the cleancombustionzofitheiliquid fuel.

The -.cer =tral:- core is provided with .a vtapered front seotioni l'i 9 in 1 which is iformed ea plurality of ports its arranged ato direct jets =..of a-ir idivergentl-y outwardly in the :general direction :of the" burner: portlt. The action of :the *jets r-of air moving through #:the ports til i-is. to i-further delay; the exit of burningw-apors f-rom ithe 2 1a? por-izer compartment 1 2 ini order that the vapors can hefurther churned and -stirredlin-with' gradually increasing quantitcs -.of :-preheate'd lair, thereby to further promote' -the clean ;and :complots-combustion of==the combustible-vapors.

The-tapered section 39. of the 7 central oorei's terminates in a radially'extending wall-"M" hav ingformed therein a plurality 0f ports ilarranged to direct jets ofair horizontally: through the burner port it. :The movement of -air through the ports =42 completes the supply -,of combustion supporting-air to the-inside core of the burningoil vapors,- and in addition, insures thatan additional supply of =-secondary air-may be provided through the bore to ofthe central core it through an induction flow. Thus a core of fresh air is naaintained adjacent the humor port lt-iorthe final combustion of any unburned vapors and gases. -Moreover, since the core of combustion supporting air is induced to flow horizontallythrough the burner port Hi, the gasburner-mi-xture tubes-22 are ventilated and cooled thereby and-the possibility-of damage to the tubes 22- is-mini-mized.

The tapered throat i'isurrounding'the-burner port it is-provided-with aplurality'otports- 43 which are arranged to direct jets of air forward and inward into the burningvapors, thereby to assist incompleting the combustion of all vapors located near-the outside of the circular band of burning vapors "moving through the burner port Hi.

As is shown-in Figures 1 and- 2; the particular embodiment herein disclosed additionally utilizes an L-shaped inspirator nozzle 46-whichhas one "leg passing' through" the inner wall "of the doublewall-casing H to establish communication with the air chamber l3 and the other leg arranged to lie approximately on the central line of the'central core 19. A plurality of-ports 41 are provided in the end of inspirator nozzle 46 and are arranged to project jets ofair-horizontally forward through the center of the main burnerport 16, thereby giving additional protection to the gas-burner-mixture tubes 22 and further supplementing the supply of combustion supporting air directly to the center of the core of burning vapors moving through the burner port it.

s Willbenotedin Figures Z -and 3, aplurality at r 8 located a o nd t e mar in. era notch lfi formed in the central core 'l9. to.-ao commodate one leg of the pilot burner iiifi. Movement of air through the-ports iii effectively sthe; p ssa e o burnin i vapors into-the central core IS.

The combined effect of the various groups of air jets moving into the vaporizer compartment 12 produces an intense, concentrated fire div .v. spiral' pathghatfik ardrnand iorwar my ofgilimlid tool to vaporize .ecmnartment through' ithfi: ma ntenance; silt.

It has been found that the bur pres n :im/e nn :is vzpa tic ts-l can-teedccthe y unl ve -c i comma 2 113 1 3 at :dnm st .c:rflis lates ch ass-a a wlvticallyicr. ,ckedi-inel- :Fh c mbust nn air is highly preheated While passing throughthe narro .iiassases :formine the. ir :Qhambe & l3 and the:leaseousinroductsiof mlai tion tram thev initial-usages 1 inqmbust na ar oi ci atsd torn-rotate an especially lenectivcs tir ins t cn as Well as to permit the use of such hydrogengas is .1.-ontaiursd:inv theinel aniline air..xwz .thin .the vaporizer comp rtment li :The j t, pat ern: apidlrstirsand minesJinburn d u 1 vapors with .sradual y inc ea in quant t s of preheated air andalscrst 'sv in 111- c a ed quan ities. of .fiue :s se throu hout .the combu tion cycle.

it will be understood, ccflcourse tnat.a; person skilled in the ,art .might suggest :yarious minor modifications .to. the preferred; structural embodiment herein described 1 by way: of il1ustra tive exampleonly; however, I do not-proposeto be limited to:the precise-details .setout-iorsthe sake of claritynbut wishrtovembrace within the scope of this patent all .such modifications as reasonably andproperly comewithinthe scope. of my contribution to the art.

' I claimv as my invention:

1. In aburner unit,. casing meansforming a generally cylindrical vaporization compartment, said casing means having one-end wallhaving an opening to form a horizontally disposedburner port for the-compartment and the oppositeend wall having a tube projecting into said compartment to divide said compartment into any annular combustion chamber with; a hollow .center core, and means to. provide a supply of vaporizable fuel'to the lower portion or'said vaporization compartment, said .tube'having .a plurality of ports formed in the bottom portion'thereof; arranged to direct jets v of:.air. downward toward the fuel ;-in the lower portion of :said vaporization compartment, said casing means having 84,131.11,- rality {of horizontally alis'ned ports .in the. lower r ion -i re s. need to direc lists of ve .the-su f .-.o t uelrsa done:end wall having a ;-plura1i ty or" ports arranged to direct Jetsl -e rtb k into th vaporiz r compartmeni, ai :.QPnO- fin Ste a-11 :a'p ura=litv o -lnor a ranse io s re t let -r ta r rwa s y throughsai va riz mmp tmen :Wherehy va ors arisin iromtne oil will .beihoroushlv churned vthroughout the amiular combustion hamber.. sf r --z x =ih o th cnsh h urne 139. 117.

. =11? her'izo allrrfir rn runit-sc ms i ins rQmiMaW L si. rm-wea a ias-h moma a ai m randha l il int i- .r ,ro.videdvwith whorit for the vaporization compartment, a back wall for said compartment, having a portion projecting through said compartment towards the burner port and forming a central core in said vaporization compartment, and means to maintain a supply of vaporizable fuel in said compartment, said casing having openings formed therein to direct combustion supporting air from said air chamber into said compartment.

3. A burner unit as defined in claim 2, said central core being provided with openings arranged to direct jets of air downwardl towards the bottom of said compartment for rapid vaporization of fuel.

4. A burner unit as defined in claim 3, said front wall having ports aligned to direct jets of air backward into said compartment to scrub said walls of said compartment adjacent said front wall and to direct vapors rearwardly in said compartment.

5. A burner unit as defined in claim 4, said back wall having ports aligned adjacent said core to scrub the peripheral walls thereof and to direct jets of air forwardly in said compartment.

6. A burner unit as defined in claim 5, said core having ports adjacent the end thereof to direct jets of air radially outwardly for churning vapors in said compartment and delaying passage of burning gases into the burner port.

'7. A burner unit as defined in claim 6, said front wall having a tapered throat at said burner port diverging outwardly from said compartment, said tapered throat having ports arranged to direct jets of air forward and inward into the burning vapors passing through said burner port.

8. A burner unit as defined in claim 7, and a jet nozzle in said core connected to said air chamber and having openings arranged to direct jets of air into the center of the burner port.

9. A burner unit as defined in claim 2, said central core being provided with openings to direct jets of air towards the bottom of said compartment for rapid vaporization of fuel, whereby an intense concentrated combustion of vapors may occur above the level of said fuel in said compartment.

10. A burner unit as defined in claim 9, said front wall, said back wall and said central core each having ports aligned to turbulently stir vapors arising around said central core with combustion supporting air preheated by initial combustion in said compartment.

11. A burner unit as defined in claim 9, said core having openings formed therein to direct jets of air radially outwardly to delay passage of combustion gases and vapors through said burner port.

12. A burner unit as defined in claim 11, said front wall having a tapered throat at said burner port diverging outwardly from said compartment and being provided with openings in said throat arranged to direct jets of air into the burning vapors passing through said burner port.

13. A burner unit as defined in claim 2, said casing having openings in spaced apart alignment to direct jets of air into said vaporization compartment tending to move burning vapors arising from the supply of fuel in said compartment in a generally spiral path backward and forward within the vaporizer compartment around said central core, thereby to completely fill said vaporizer compartment before discharge of the vapors through said burner port.

14. A burner unit comprising a double wall casing forming a vaporizer compartment surrounded by an air chamber, a front wall for said compartment having an opening therethrough forming a horizontally disposed burner port, a rear wall for said compartment including a portion extending inwardly into said compartment toward said burner port and constituting a double wall hollow center core, and means to maintain a supply of vaporizable fuel in the lower portion of said vaporizer compartment, said rear wall, said casing, said front wall and said core each having a plurality of ports to direct jets of air from the air chamber into the vaporizer compartment, said ports aligned with respect to one another to direct the jets of air in different directions and thereby to circulate the vapors arising from the supply of fuel in the compartment in a generally spiral path backward and forward within the vaporizer compartment around said central core, thereby to completely fill the vaporizer compartment before discharge of the vapors through the burner port.

15. A horizontally fired combustion burner unit comprising, a double wall casing forming a generally cylindrical vaporization compartment having a horizontal axis, a front wall for said compartment having a horizontal burner port therein, a back wall for said compartment, a pair of concentrically spaced tubular members joined at one end, said tubular members being generally normal to said back wall and projecting in the direction of said horizontal axis toward said burner port to form a center core surrounded by an annular combustion cavity in said compartment, said double wall casing providing an air chamber adjacent the vaporization compartment, means to maintain a supply of vaporizable fuel in the lower portion of said vaporization compartment for vaporization in said annular combustion cavity, said double wall casing having a plurality of ports formed therein directing combustion supporting air from said air chamber into said combustion chamber.

16. A horizontally fired burner unit comprising a double wall casing forming a generally cylindrical vaporization compartment having a horizontal axis and surrounded by an air chamber and having a front wall provided with a horizontal burner port for the vaporization compartment, a back wall for said compartment having a cylindrical core projecting in the direction of said horizontel axis towards the burner port to provide an annular combustion chamber in said compartment, means to maintain a supply of vaporizable fuel in said compartment, and said cas ing having openings therein to direct combustion supporting air into said compartment from said air chamber.

CYRIL CHARLES YOUNG.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,977,478 I-Iawley Oct. 16, 1934 2,083,832 Daniels June 15, 1937 2,272,423 Moore Feb. 10, 1942 2,357,587 Hammell Sept. 5, 1944 2,386,556 Huston Oct. 9, 1945 2,392,757 Miller Jan. 8, 1946 2,409,677 Grotenhouse Oct. 22, 1946

Images