US2609677A - Knitting - Google Patents

Knitting Download PDF

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Publication number
US2609677A
US2609677A US698885A US69888546A US2609677A US 2609677 A US2609677 A US 2609677A US 698885 A US698885 A US 698885A US 69888546 A US69888546 A US 69888546A US 2609677 A US2609677 A US 2609677A
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Prior art keywords
needles
course
thread
stitches
stitch
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US698885A
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English (en)
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Picard Lucien
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JULIEN MILLARD
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JULIEN MILLARD
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/06—Non-run fabrics or articles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to knitting.
  • courses loops The rows of stitches formed on the Vthread and connected together by the same thread that makes them, are hereinafter referred to as courses loops and stitches of successive courses are hereinafter referred to as lines '
  • stitches There have already been conceived various systems of stitching which will not run down. hereinafter referred to as stitches" with a View to producing a practically unladderable knitted fabric. These systems presentgenerallyl inconveniences: the knitting assumes a coarse appearm ance, it lacks 'elasticity andY finally its manufacture isonerous. l
  • the present invention has for its object to pro- The rows of stitches formed by the o Z Claims. (Cl. Sli-169) quiz in the iirst place, ⁇ an unladderable knitted fabric formed ⁇ by knittingasingle' thread, and having an aspect approaching that oiordinary knitting.
  • I provide unladderable knitted fabric formed by a single thread constituting unelongated stitches and elongated stitches having vsubstantially the same height as the unelongated stitches, and the unelongated stitches occurring'alternately with the elongated stitches in each course and in each line so that, from one course to the other, the unelongated stitches andthe elongated stitches are in quincunx and that in each course the elongated stitches are ⁇ looped by the unelongated stitches of the preceding course, the said elongated stitches being in intertvvining relation with the loop of thread connecting the elongated stitches formedin the preceding course, and the rectilinear elements of thread connecting the successive unelongated stitches in the courseconsidered,
  • each elongated stitch is looped by the unelongated stitch of the ipreceding course and grips the rectilinearthread element uniting the two unelongated stitches ⁇ which are disposed on both sides of the said elongated stitch and the collar connecting the two elongated stitches of the preceding course which are disposed on both sides of the unelongated stitch ensuring the looping so that 'the parts of thecollar connecting the two elongated stitches are disunladderable knitted fabric, each elongated stitch is looped by the unelongated stitch of the preceding course and it grips the rectilinear thread elcment uniting two unelongated stitches which are disposed on both sides of the elongated stitch; the unelongated stitch securing the looping is doubled by the thread of the collar so that, as in the first method of formation, the parts of the collars connecting two elongated stitches are disposed diagonally.
  • the invention has furthermore for its object a machine for carrying out a method of producing tures:
  • the needles aredivided into two groups, the needles of one group alternating with the needles of the other group.
  • the needles of one group for example the even numbered needles are so actuated that, beginning with the formation of the course they produce, on each of them, an unelongated stitch whilst the needles of the other group or odd numbered needles, although fed with thread, do not knit but distribute their thread to constitute the rectilinear thread element connecting two adjacent unelongated stitches.
  • the elongated stitch is obtained by taking down the loop formed by the thread forming the collars only on the rectilinear thread element connecting the tivo unelongated adjacent stitches in the course being formed; it is looped simultaneously by the unelongated stitch preceding it in the line and by the collar con,- necting two adjacent elongated stitches in the preceding course.
  • the needles of one ⁇ group work diiferently from those of the other group but the work of the needles is identical in the third course where the needles. of thev second group carry out the same work'as'thatof the needles of the :lirstj group ,intheV rst course; and that in the fourth course theneed'les of the second group carry out the same work as that of the needles of the first group in the second course and so on.
  • the needles of the first group for example even numbered needles
  • the needles of the vsecond group odd numbered needles
  • the even needles take up a length of the thread longer than that necessary f for the formation of an ordinary stitch, they take down but without stitching and keep un der their hooks the elongated loops formed by the thread distributed inthis course, ⁇ whilst the stitch formed in the first course is disengaged from the hook. Throughout this course, ⁇ the odd needles take down, stitch and .keep the stitches under their hooks.
  • the even needles which have, under their hooks, the elongated loops take down but leave the stitches formed in the first course under the elongated loops.
  • the ⁇ odd needles stitch like the even needles in the rst course, that it to sayY they take down and keep thestitches under their hooks.
  • the even needles stitch like the odd needles throughout the second course, that is to say they take down and keep the stitches under their hooks, these stitches will be taken down in turnand will thus form'normal stitches.
  • the odd needles'V stitch like the even ⁇ needles in the second course; they take upa long loop, they take down, but without stitching and keep under their-hooks theelongated loops.
  • the even needles and odd needles carry out the same work as: that described for the rst method of manufacture.
  • the even needles take up a length of thread longer than that necessary for. the formation ofan ordinary stitch; they take' down but without stitching andthe stitches formed in the rst course besides the elongated loop of collar formed bythe thread distributed in the second course are disengaged on the needles outside the hooks.
  • theoddneedles take down and keep-the stitches under their hooks.
  • the even needles takedown but donotstitch; at the end ofthe cycle of this course the stitches formed in the first course and the elongated collars are then disposed on the needles, as they were at the end of the second course.
  • the odd needles worklike the, even needles in the first course, that is to say they take down and keep the stitches under their hooks.
  • the even needles work like the odd ⁇ needlesY throughoutthe second course; they take down. and the thread distributed in this fourth course is looped simultaneously by the thread distributed in the rst course and by that distributed in the second l' course, that is to say that forming the collars;
  • the invention has also for its object a circular' machine, of the English machine type, equipped with latch or.y self-acting needles" for producing unladderable knitted fabricr in ⁇ accordanceV with the ⁇ manufacturing processes described above.
  • the machinesv are provided with members, for example with vertically movable jacks, capable of selecting needlesso as todivide them into twogroups: a group of even needles and the group of odd needles.
  • The-arrangement-of these jacks is such that the needlesfofV one group are presented for taking up at a differentheight fromv those or the other group consequent on their rise, after taking down; over along'er or shorter journey according to the group to which the needles belong; this variation of. journey from one group to thefother, having for its' object to permit, or not, ofthe taking down.
  • Figs. l and 2 show unladderable knitted-fabric which is the subject ofA the invention, seenon the right side andthe wrong side respectively;
  • Fig. B apartial-vertical section of. acircular machine arranged with a view to allowing the formation of the' unla-dderable knitted fabric;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial view analogous to Figy 3 and shows a special sinker made for thefformation of unladderable knitted fabric;
  • Fig. 5 is a plan corresponding to Fig. 3 and shows inparticular the cam groove traversed ⁇ by the butts of the sinkers;
  • Fig. 6 isa partialsection showing thezfa'rrangement of a jack differing from that which Fig; 3
  • Figs. ⁇ 9 to 12 are diagrammaticviews illustrating the operation of i special sinkers
  • FIG. ⁇ 13 ⁇ 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of the cylinder of 1a circularrrn'a'chine and it shows thedif- ⁇ ferent zones of action of the needles;
  • Fig. ⁇ ifi is a developed view of the cylinder showing, foreach of the zones indicated in Fig. 13, the position of needles'and. of their control jack; m .7.,
  • Fig. ⁇ l5- is a' View analogous to Fig. 14 and shows the position of the needles and of their control jackafterthe cylinder has accomplished a revolution'of 360, that' is to say whenthe cylinder performs thesecond courseof knitting;
  • Figs. 116 and 171 correspond lto the third and fourth courses respectively;
  • Fig. 18 shows, side by side and in fronteleva tion, for each of them, the members forming -the cams; 1.
  • FIGS. 19 to 34 are diagrammaticviews illustrating the formation ofthe unladderable knitted fabric; this formation taking place in four successive courses of stitching; Figs. 19 to 221cor.- respond to the rst course; 1 1-1 ⁇ Figs. v123 to B26 second course', and Figs. 27.110130l to the third courseand ⁇ lastly Figs. 31 to 34 to the fourth course;
  • Fig. 35 shows, seen on the wrong ⁇ side, Vthe lunladderable knitted fabric formed according to the modification :of the present invention.
  • Fig. 136 is a view analogous Ito. Fig. 18 and ⁇ shows the members of the cam modied to allow of ⁇ manufacture of the knitted fabricillustrated 1 f .1 Figs. 37 to 411are diagrammatic views showing how the production of knitted fabric illustrated in Fig. 35 takes place.
  • Fig. 37 corresponds to Fg..26;.Fig. 38. to Fig. 28; Fig. 39 to Fig. 30;
  • the rst loop of thel said row rais united 4with the corresponding loop of the preceeding row r2, by knotting to two strands'ofthe thread, in addition to the threads of the said loops themselves.
  • AOne of thesestrands is made up of therectilinear element e, which extends from thesecond loop of ⁇ the said row ra to theloop notdrawn which would be to the right of Figi, oni thelsaid row r ⁇ and in the line preceding the line vf1.
  • other strand of threadV y is placed between the row r3 and the preceding rowA rs1-and it runs zig-Zag between these two rows from one ⁇ point of knotting to the other, Awhile forming, in the preceding rowfz, the loops which are united at Z by simple, interloopin'g,
  • Fig. ⁇ 3 theYcharac-teristic members of Va circular knitting machine, that is to say ⁇ at I ⁇ the cylinder providedwith tricks 2 in which the needles, 3 may ⁇ slide, vertically.
  • the needles 3 areof the latch or self-acting" type and comprise at their lower end a butt 5 engaged in a groove 6 Vmachined in the Iinner periphery of the cam ringA 1..
  • the cam jgrooye E is generally so shaped as to constitute aknitting jcam Bwgivingrise to the casting olf or takingdownofthe thread; ⁇ this cam groove Ais provided with a second .or auxiliary cani!! producing the ⁇ rise oithegneedle to passthe stitchv under thelatch1-,3a1 ⁇ 1 1 1.
  • the carni! is so ⁇ modified 4that the stitch tobe cast oiior taken-1 down rests on the body of thelatch and there are added to the cam ring 'l two ⁇ cam grooves IIland I I intended to ensure the vertical translau tion of thejacks, ⁇ I2 and I3 (Fig.
  • Thelannul'ar ilange of plate 4 iszplovided alfternately with an ordinary sinker I b ⁇ (Fig. 3) and with a special sinker I1 (Fig. 4).
  • the respective b utts-,Ia and ila of the sinkers are engaged in the cam groove I8 of thesinker camring I9,but
  • the butt pila may, ⁇ besides the action ⁇ that ⁇ it receives' from the groove I8, be subjectedto ⁇ the action of a supplementary cam 20 ⁇ (Fgs; 4 and 5),.
  • the extension124 comprisesv an adjustable abutment constituted, for example, by a little disc 25 eccentric relativeitozits xing-screwfZi.
  • This head 29 is Vpressed in the-.field of action of the two upstanding cams 3U-dia1netrically opposed on a plate 3l rotatedso as to eiecta-complete revolution whilst the cylinder ⁇ performs four revolutions; every two revolutions the pusher 23 acts on the extension 24 and'v pushes the cam 29 towards thel wall 'I8a of the groove I8'.A
  • the special 'sinkers illustrated in Fig. 4 comprise a nose IIb raised relative to thenose
  • IEig. 14 illustrates the grooves I 0 and I I 4con'iprisir'ig slopes 32 and 33; at the topof the slopes 32 and 33 are disposedtwo movable triangular guide cams 34 and 35; each mayloccupy, as
  • aY high ⁇ position (as is the casewith the cam 35 in Fig. 14)
  • a7 medial position (as is the case-with the cam A3 4' in Fig'. 15)
  • a low position (as is the case with cam 34 in Fig. 14).
  • rcams 34 and 35 are rigidly connected to slides 36 and l3'Irespectively (see Figs. 8 and 18). These vslides may be displaced individually and vertically by pivoted levers 38 and 39 of which the extremities 40 land'4I are-subjected to the action of cams 42, 43.
  • Each of these Acams comprises three series ofidentical levels (Fig. 18) that is to say:l a level 42a or 43a for which the corresponding cam 34'for 35loccupies the low position, alevel 42h or '43h-'for which the corresponding cam 34 or 35 jby an operating lever 41 (Fig.
  • the needle cylinder is divided into four successive regions: viz., a region e which is-to be found on Fig. 14 and which extendsv from the point where'- in is 'effected the taking-up or drawing, to the point wherein is eiiected the taking down ⁇ or castingfoff a region which correspondsto the rising of the needle after casting-off.
  • the'needles, beforefthe taking up are divided into two groups, the needles of one of thesegroupsbeingat aidefinitefheight relative to the sinkers and those of theother group occupying a lower position.
  • the needles of the firstlgroup' will be vcalledeven needles: and those of the second group odd needlesgit' being understoodV that the even needlesfalternate with the odd needles.
  • the needles inY the region the needles a and b rise without'V reaching; the line B(Figs. 14 and 21) deningthe low position.
  • the needles allaligned at thesame'height; trav,- erse the region y; towards theend of 'the latter, the needles are subject to the action of 'thejacks I2 and I3', the needles a being'controlled bythe jacks I2 and the needles bby thefjacks I3 which are guided, as has been' described, by the groove
  • the jacks I3 meet the movable guide cam 35, which projects into the groove I I; they are thus raised and push the needles b to bring them into the high position.
  • the movable guide cam 34 of the groove I0 in. which' the'butts-oftheijacks I2 move is in a lowered position so thatthejacks: I2 guided only by the groove I0 are lowered sorthat the needles a are brought into thelow positionor which the stitch formed by the threads: on: the taking down, rests on the latch ar (Fig.;22)
  • the unelongated stitch formedV by the thread ⁇ y is located on the needle below the'lateh'ibi, the elongated stitch formed on thev needle a bythe thread y remaining on the latch a1 whilst the unelongated stitch formed bythe thread ,r the iirst course passes below the saidflath al1, because of the rise fof the needle limited to the middle position.
  • the noses or projections 11b of the sinkers I1 have penetrated between the unelongated stitch formed by the thread mand the elongated stitch constituted by the thread vy (Fig. 10) This penetration thus effects the separation of the unelongated and elongated stitches.
  • FIG. 34 shows the knitting obtained when the four courses of the cycle have been carried out.
  • the knitting is supposed to have received a certain lateral tension, similar to the tension which is exerted when the knitting is arepresented for taking up for a new cycle in the position which they occupied in Fig. 14 and in Fig.l 19; the needles a are then in the high position whilst the needles b1 are in the middle position (Fig. ,33).
  • the'even and odd needles- may no longer occupy three positions differing vin height, but only two positions: the highposition and the low position.
  • cams 42 and 43 .employed in the first method of manufacture are modiiied as illustrated in Fig. v36.
  • Each of the cams 42 and 43 comprises no1-more than two ⁇ series of levels, that is tosa-ythe levels y.M-.Land- 4331 corresponding to the low. position, and the ,levels 62k and 133% ⁇ corresponding .to the high position.
  • the ymovable guide cams 3 4 and 35 are brought 4either to the high position, as illustrated in Figs. 16 and 17 for the guide cam 34 andto the Figs. 14 and l5 for4 the guide cams. 35, or to the low position Fig. 14 for guide .cam Stand Fig. 16 for guidecam 35.
  • sition indicated in Fig. :15 for the guide cam 34 and vin Fig.. 17' forthe, guide cam -35 are replaced bythe high positions.
  • the needles .a at .the entrance .to the region are subjectsed .by vtheir .jacks and are brought 'to the -high position, line-.H Fig.. 39.
  • the needles b under the .action folf "their jacks are brought to the low position, the unelongated sti-tch formed, starting-from the taking down on the needles b with threads remains on the -latch bi, whilst the elongated stitch vformed ⁇ bythe thread y aswell asxthe unelongated stitch-formed by the thread z von the needles a, passes v.below the latch a1 of the needles a.
  • the elongatedstitches are loopedxby the unelongated stitches rof the preceding course, the'said elongated stitches being inintertwining relation with the-loops of thread connecting the elongated stitches -formed in the preceding course and with the rectilinear elements of thread lconnecting the successive unelongated stitches in' the course considered,the said rectilinear ele- Y ments of the various courses 1being substantially parallel ⁇ to each' other while the looped parts of the 'thread comprised Abetween two elongated stitches of two successive courses are disposed diother,l the unelongated stitches and the elongated stitches are disposed in quincunx and that in each course the elongated vstitchesare looped'by the unelonga-ted stitches of the preceding course, the said elongated stitches being in intertwi-ning relation Ywith the rectilinear thread elements uniting the two unelongated stitches which are disposed in the same course on

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US698885A 1945-10-16 1946-09-24 Knitting Expired - Lifetime US2609677A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3106830A (en) * 1963-03-21 1963-10-15 Eternaloc Inc Run resistant fabric
US3157037A (en) * 1961-02-18 1964-11-17 Nebel Max Bruno Run resistant knitted stockings
US3197978A (en) * 1962-07-09 1965-08-03 Berkshire Internat Corp Run-resistant hosiery and method of making the same
US3247684A (en) * 1962-11-23 1966-04-26 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machines and methods
DE1228366B (de) * 1961-10-12 1966-11-10 Eurostock Anstalt Verfahren und Rundstrickmaschine zur Herstellung eines rundgestrickten Strumpfes bzw. Strumpfteiles
US4494388A (en) * 1982-09-22 1985-01-22 The Kendall Company Knit construction
EP0634510A3 (en) * 1993-07-15 1995-06-07 Precision Fukuhara Works Ltd Method for knitting a fabric with a non-ratcheting characteristic and improved elasticity.

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190107229A (en) * 1901-04-06 1901-06-22 Hans Nabholz The Manufacture or Production of an Improved Knitted Fabric.
US1536946A (en) * 1922-12-13 1925-05-05 Charles J Sutphen Tucking means for knitting machines
US1977590A (en) * 1926-09-17 1934-10-16 Scott & Williams Inc Process and machine for making plated fabrics
US2069819A (en) * 1934-02-27 1937-02-09 Firm Edouard Dubied & Cie Stitched fabric
US2190409A (en) * 1936-04-11 1940-02-13 Maier Karl Nonraveling knitted fabric
US2306246A (en) * 1935-06-26 1942-12-22 W B Davis & Son Inc Knitted wear
US2374294A (en) * 1937-04-12 1945-04-24 Maier Karl Knitting machine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190107229A (en) * 1901-04-06 1901-06-22 Hans Nabholz The Manufacture or Production of an Improved Knitted Fabric.
US1536946A (en) * 1922-12-13 1925-05-05 Charles J Sutphen Tucking means for knitting machines
US1977590A (en) * 1926-09-17 1934-10-16 Scott & Williams Inc Process and machine for making plated fabrics
US2069819A (en) * 1934-02-27 1937-02-09 Firm Edouard Dubied & Cie Stitched fabric
US2306246A (en) * 1935-06-26 1942-12-22 W B Davis & Son Inc Knitted wear
US2190409A (en) * 1936-04-11 1940-02-13 Maier Karl Nonraveling knitted fabric
US2374294A (en) * 1937-04-12 1945-04-24 Maier Karl Knitting machine

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3157037A (en) * 1961-02-18 1964-11-17 Nebel Max Bruno Run resistant knitted stockings
DE1217018B (de) * 1961-02-18 1966-05-18 Erhard Nebel Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rundgestrickten Damenstrumpfes
US3430463A (en) * 1961-02-18 1969-03-04 Hanes Corp Method and apparatus for making run-resistant knitted fabric
DE1228366B (de) * 1961-10-12 1966-11-10 Eurostock Anstalt Verfahren und Rundstrickmaschine zur Herstellung eines rundgestrickten Strumpfes bzw. Strumpfteiles
US3197978A (en) * 1962-07-09 1965-08-03 Berkshire Internat Corp Run-resistant hosiery and method of making the same
US3247684A (en) * 1962-11-23 1966-04-26 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machines and methods
US3106830A (en) * 1963-03-21 1963-10-15 Eternaloc Inc Run resistant fabric
US4494388A (en) * 1982-09-22 1985-01-22 The Kendall Company Knit construction
EP0634510A3 (en) * 1993-07-15 1995-06-07 Precision Fukuhara Works Ltd Method for knitting a fabric with a non-ratcheting characteristic and improved elasticity.

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