US1801167A - Knitting machine - Google Patents

Description

April 14, 1931. H. McADAMS KNITTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 6, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 I-Iar'r M Adam-15 gwudmto'c April 14, 1931. H. McADAMS KNITTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 6, 193 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 HEFFHMEA 51533 April 14, 1931. HIMCADAMS KNITTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 6, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 CAM 77PAVEL I w w was m W M Lmfi mafia INVENTOR. Hall H McAdam-L5 ATTORNEY,

April 14, 1931; H, MOADAMS 1,801,167

' KNITTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 6, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Harry M AdBLTIE.

gwuemtoz Patented A r. 14,1931

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HARRY ICADLMB, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENI'l'SYLVANIA xmrrme macnmn Application filed November 6, 19 28. Seriallo. 146,680. i

to produce aJfabric similar in appearance to t a e well known Turkish towel. A further object of this invention is the provision of means for producing looped pile toweling, wash rags, ath mats, and even garments, such as bath robes, and the like,

' upon a knittin machine. 1 v A further ject of this invention is the provision of an improved knitted fabric which employs main or base threads to be knitted in such relation as to render the fabric non-elastic, to a considerable extent-iI by. the

employment of a plurality of main nitting threads interknit in such relation as to provide straight or direct thread portions extending across each wale of the fabric from the walesat the opposite sides thereof, and thus preventing liability of stretching of the garment by limiting the lateral expansion of the wales.

A further object of this invention is the provision of an improved process for the knitting of toweling, by providing main yarns out of which the base of the fabric is knitted, and by employing'therewith. terry or filler yarns which are drawn through and \held by the base of the fabric so as to provide free outstanding loops it opposite sides 40 of the fabric, in a close relation. 7

- A further object of this invention is the provision of an improved mechanism for the knitting of toweling, with outstanding free loops at opposite sides thereof, and including 43 means for interknitting a pair of yarns to provide a base for the fabric, and means to engage-and draw a pair of terry yarns through the base fabric to provide the free outstanding loops at opposite sides of the base fabric in simulation of the free loops as found upon conventional Turkish towels and like fabrics. I

\ A further object of'the invention is the provision of circular-knitting machines some what of the type set 'forth in atent 1,012,966,

patented December'26, 1911 improvements thereover in adaptin the same .for the knitting of tow'eling fabric thereupon by cooperat ve regulation of cylinder and dial needles to handle a plurality ofknit and terry yarns.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent during thecourse of the following detailed description.

( In the accompanying drawings, forming a ut embodying part of this specification, and wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the upper portion of the improved knitting machine; showing the cylinder and dial needles of the same in position to take both a knit yarn and a terry or filler yarn. Figure 2 is a plan view showing the cam operation upon the dialneedles, with the dial cap and cam removed to expose the relative location and relation of the dial needles, in so far as the dial cams operate upon the same, with respect to the needles of the cylinder.

Figure 3'is a developed plan view of both I the dial and cylinder needles; the upper row of needles being the dial needles and the lower row of needles being the cylinder needles, r and showing the same in their cooperativev cam operated relations for the handling of 5 knitting and terry yarns.

' Figure 4 is a fragmentary perspective View of the'cam operated cooperative positioning of the dial and cylinder needles, for the handling ofknit and terry thread; this view only being intended to show the relative cooperation of the dial and cylinder needles, during the cam operation thereof, to receive the knit and terry threads. I

Figure 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken through the knitting machine, substantially on a vertical plane taken on the line 55 illustrated in Figure 4 of the drawings.

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view, t km on line 6-6 of Figure 4, with the dial removed, the section being taken more particularly to show the cam operation upon long and short butt needles.

Figure 7 s a plan view of the dial cap,

showing the carriers thereon for the guiding of the main and filler yarns. I

Figure 8 is a fragmentary, partly diagramm matic view showing. the relation of the knitted hollow cylinder 14 is rotatably supported in a suitable seat provided in the portion 12, and is of course concentric with the gear'ring 11.

Diametrically opposed supporting posts 15 and 16 are vertically carried by the gear. ring 11, for rotation therewith, and a yoke 17 is carried at the top of theseposts, in the usual detachable relation. The bobbin supporting construction and; guide for the threads or yarn strands is suitably supported above the yoke, in conventional relation, such as set forth in Patent 1,012,966, granted December 26, 1911, or in any other approved manner,

- and includes a rotatable bobbin supporting piece 20,- beneath whichris 'a stationary ring 21, through which centrally extends the stationary post 22, to .which the dial 23 is keyed,

as illustrated at 24 in Figure 5 of the drawings.

A dial cap 25 is rotatably supported upon I the post 22, and is rotated with the gear ring 11 and'the posts 15 and 16, by having an attaching arm 26, illustrated in Figure 1, connected to the post 15, or at any other approved location. It is of course understood that the dialcap 25 has attached thereto, at

' number, consistent with the ter of the fabric to be knitted, and these bolted or otherwise keyed at 36 upon the gear,

28', a disc like cam 29, wherein the cam groove 30 is provided,which-receivesthe'butts on the preferably spring beard typerof dial needle 31, illustrated in Figure 5 and throughout the drawings. t

The dial 23 has a plurality of radially disposed grooves 33, therein, of any approved size and characgrooves 33 open at theiperipheryi of the dial and slidably receive therein the reciprocating spring beard needles 31, after the relation illustrated in Figure 5 of the drawings. A multiple section'cam casing 35 may be ring 11, so as to surround the needle cylinder 14, and the same receives the cams thereon,

to be subsequently described, for manipulating the various needles of the cylinder 14, in cooperation with the head ring cams. I

As is illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawings means is provided to rotate the gear ring 11, comprising a driven shaft 38, having a bevel gear 39 thereon meshing with the downwardlly facing gear teeth.40 of the ring gear 11, as in conventional ractice, and, it can readily be understood that upon rotation of the gear ring 11 the posts 15 and 16 will be rotated therewith, 'and thru the bracket or connecting arm 26 the dial cap 25 and its connected cam 29 will be rotated for causing the reciprocation of the dial needles 33 up on the dial 23, as will be subsequently described. The cylinder. 14 is of conventional char: acter insofar as the form is concerned, andis provided with the-vertical upwardly opening grooves 45 therealong, which reciprocably receive long and short butt needles 46 and 47 respectively. The needles 46 and 47 are of the latch type, and are operated by means of cams carried by the cam casing 35 and by the upstanding annular flange 49 0 of the gear ring 11. The needles 46 and 47 are respectively provided with long and short butts 50 and 51 at the lower ends thereof, which are engaged and operated upon by the cams of the casing 35 and flange 49, as

will be subsequently mentioned. Referring now to the control: of the knit and; filler of in the fabric, the operation is more particularly designated in Figures 2, 3, and 4 of the drawings, and the direction of rotation o the cams is as designated by the arrows adv jacent the drawings; it of course being understood that the cam cylinder and needle dials do not rotate, but their needles reoip -rocate to knit the article, and that the same number. of needles are provided on the dial as are provided on the cylinder, and in an alternating relation therewith, so that during the reception of the terry or filler threads the cylinder needles may beelevated by their cams in an alternating intermeshing rela-' tion with the projected dial needles, as well illustrated in Figure 40f the drawings.

' threads, and the control and reception the're- IOU In the formation of'the fabric, a. typical series consist of a first terry or filler thread 60; first knit thread or yarn 61; a second terry thread or filler yarn 62; and. a second knit yarn or thread 63, t is of.course understood, and intended, hat any number of such series may be provided on the machine A, and that the number of needles shown may be varied. v i

Referring now to the operation of the needles by the cams ofthe cylinder and dial for control of the yarn threads above mentioned, it is to be noted that the gear ring flange 49 has attached thereto cams 66, 67 68, 69,,and 70 inv a circular relation -these cams being attached by means of set'screws 71 as illustrated in Figures and 6 of the drawings. Cams 72, 73,74, 75,76, and 77 are supported upon the cam casing 35, in conventional manner. a

x As the gear ring 11 and the cam casing 35 rotate, the long and short butts of the cylinder needles ride up upon the upwardly inlocation the'butts 85 of the dial needles 31 ride along the outwardly inclined portion 86 of the groove 30 of the dial cap cam; as shown in Fig. 3, to project the spring beard needles 31 alternately between the spaced long and short butt needles of the cylinder which have been elevated by the cams 66, and until the open end of the beardsof the spring needles 31 pass beyond the circular line of cylinder needles, as is illustrated at 87 in Figures 2, 3 and 4. The first terry or filler thread 60 is of course guided byathread guide 90 which is detachably carried on the d-ial cap, and has a guide opening 91 upwardly therein for guidingthe terry thread 60 and a lower openin 92 therein for-directingthe terry thread eneath the hooks of the open latch needles 46 and 47 as they are elevated by the cam 66. It shouldbe here noted that the cam 66, at 53, elevates the needles 46 and 47 to such extent only as to permit the slippin of the terry yarn 60 upon-the needle hoo s, and the latches do not slip through any .of the other loops on the needles at this cam edge 53*.

As the cylinder cam construct-ion continues its rotation the long butts 50- of: the needles 46 engage on a downwardly inclined cam edge 95 of the cam 72, which is su ported by the cam casing 35, as by a screw 9 illustrated in Figure 6 of the drawings, and it is to be noted that this cam 72 is only of sufficient thickness that the" cam edge 95 will receive the outer ends of the long butts 50,

of needles 46, and the short butts 51 of the short butt needles 47 will pass by the cam 72, and engage on the upwardly inclined edge 97 of the cam 73, thus carrying the short butt needles 47 upwardly to an elevated position wherethe 'same may receive 55 the; first knitting'yarn or thread 61. The long butt needles 46, however, continue to ride down the cam edge 95 and onto a cam edge 98 which is continuous with the edge 95,

until the long butts 50 of the long butt needles 46 are positioned beneath the bottom edge 99 of the cam 73," and the long butt needles are thus fully retracted. Thus, the short butt needles are elevated b the cam 73. It is to be noted that as the long butt needles 1' 5 46 are drawn down by the cams 72 and 73, the

terry threads will be pulled downwardly upon the top of the dial needles 31 which have been projected by guiding 'of the butts in the grooved portion 86, and the pulling of this terry thread down over the spring beard needles of the 'dial is at a location inwardly of the open ends of the beards of said needles, so that as the dial needles'31 are retracted by means of operation of the butts 85 in thegrooved portion 100, illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 of thedi'awings, the terry thread 60 will be pulled beneath each of the beards of each dial needle.

The alternate needles. of the cylinder, that is the short butt needles "47, have been elevated bythe cam 73 for the purpose of receiving the first main-knitting yarn 61, and when they have been elevated properly the knitting yarn 61 isfed b means of its guide 105 onto the hookeden s of the open latch needles 47 prior to depression by the cams 74 and 75. Upon continued rotation of the cam construction for the cylinder, the short butts 51 of the short butt needles 47 will first ride along the downwardl sloping cam edge 106 of the cam 74 and t en downwardly along the sloping edge 107 of the preferably adjustable cam 7 5, until the short butt needles have been full retracted, and when they are fully retracte it is to be observed that the terry thread 60 first'fed ohtofthe needles will be, in a zi -za relation between the needles of the dia and cylinder with all of the nee dles of-the dial engaging this terry thread and only the lowered long'butt needles pull- 103 ing the terry thread to a, location below the plane of the dial needles.

The function of the cam 73 is of course to elevate the short butt needles 47 so that the latches pass above the loops pulled by said needles, in order that as the, needles 4T are retracted b riding alon the cam 75, the old loops 0 the needles Wlll close the latches after the new kit thread 61 has been received in the hooks of the latches, and as the short butts of the needles 47 ride along the lower edge of the cam 75. At the knitting point 110, the old 100 s of the knit yarn will slip over the tops of t e. needles 47, as will be well understood by anyone skilled in this art, to ,form knitted'loops,'which are held in the fabric by means of the new knit yarn 61 which is herein termed the first knit yarn.

-It is at thispoint that the short butt needles also release the second terry thread to be 133 hereinafter mentioned, to form certain loops at one side of the fabric. It is'to be observed 7 that only short butt needles 47 do the knittin at the point 110, and after the cam 75 all o f the needles of the cylinder are retracted until 135 the cam 68 engages at its upwardly sloping cam edge 112 upon butts of the needles of the cylinder 14, to elevate all of the needles of the cylinder until the hook ends thereof are above the plane of the needles of the dial, 1,53

' .7 of the drawingsand at which time the second terry thread 62 is fed from a guide 114, illustrated in Figure this guide 11a being entirely similar to the guide 90 illustrated in Figures 1 .and 7 of the drawings, and it is to be noted that all of the hook ends of allof the cylinder needles receive this terry thread 62. At this point it should be noted that the 127 of. the cam 69, to elevate only the longcam 68 at the peak thereof elevates the needles l6 and 47 to such extent only as to permit the slipping of the terry yarn 62 upon said needle hooks, and the latches do not slip through anyoftheother loops on the needles at this cam 68. About the same time as the cylinder needles are being elevated by the cam 68, the dial needles arebeingprojected outwardly inclined cam edge 120 of the-cam 76, to lower all of the cylinder needles, and thus the second terry thread 62 is held in a 'zig-zag' relation as illustrated at 121 in Figure 3 of the drawings, between all of the cam and dial needles.

Uponrotation of the dial cam 29 the spring beard needles of course are retracted by sliding of the butts thereof in the inclined grooved portion 124, illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings, to retract the dial needles to p roduce the zig-zag efiect terry thread 62.-

The cam 69 of the gear ring'construction then advances so that the 101k butts 50 ,ot'

the long butt needles ride upon the cam edge butt needles 46, for a sutficient height that the old loops on these needlespass below the latches thereon, as will be well understood by-anyone skilled in this art, in order that when the'new knitthread'63 is received the said old loops may sl ip over the new main thread63 received on said long butt needles. It is to be observed that no knitting of the terry threads in the fabric wales takes place, for upon elevation of the long butt needles 46 on the cam '69, the second terry thread 62 which had been engaged by the hooks of said long butt needles will ride beneath the closin latch as the long butt needles are retracte and asis obvious. As thecam construction of the cylinder contifiuesto advance the cam 77 engages the long butts 50 of the long butt needles 46, to lower the said lon butt needles I vto the knitting location 130, llustrated in Figure 3 of the drawings, and this location a 130 is of course a knitting point for the old loops of the main yarn 63, as can readily be of the understood,and at this point the terry yarn which had been engaged by the long butt needles a'dj acent the cam 66, that is, the terry yarn 60, will be passed off, but it is to be. understood that this passing off of the terry yarn 60- at the point 130 will not produce a knitefiect, by reason of the fact that no new yarn is received on the long butt nee es to produce any knit, and the pass-oflz' f this terry yarn will merely produce a loop at one side of the "fabric, which is a free outstanding loop, to simulate the ordinary'loops found in Turkish towels. I 8

Attention is now called to the .fact that there are two terry yarns held on the spring beard needles above the knitting point 130, that is, both terry yarns 60 and terry yarn 62, and the dial needles thus each have two loops held thereon after the knittin point 130 has passed, and immediately a ter the fabric has been knit at the point 130, all of the dial needles 31 are projected outwardly, by riding along an outwardly inclined cam rooved portion 135, until the beards have been projected beyond the terry thread loops held thereon, and-when the dial needles have' been fully projected, the beards are pressed down by a beard presser 136, of any approved formation, and immediately thereafter, while the beards are held closed, the dial needles are-retracted by riding along an inwardly sloping dial cam grooved "portion 138, to cast oil the pair of loops held by each of the dial needles. Upon further rotation of the cam construction, the cylinder needles ride up. upon-the cam 66 and the operation above described is repeated. After the cast off ofthe two loops from the dial needles, at the beard presser 136, it is to be noted that the short butt needles with the ter thread 62 thereon will retain the loops of tie terry thread 62, and the castofi of this ter thread 62 is effected upon eleva-' tion of t e short butt needles by the cam 73, and" at their knitting point 110, as will be readily understood by anyone skilled in the art relating to operation oi knitting ma chinery.

Referring fabric is dia rammatically illustrated, it should be un erstood that the wales and now to Figure 8, wherein the base yarns 61 and 63 have been exaggerated, as to size, and that the fillerthreads 60 and 62 pulled therein between and by the wales w1ll have free outstanding loops at both sides of the fabric, which, in fact, will only the long utt needles do the knit (3M0 parallel-rows of loops 151 will be formedlo this yarn 63, and it is to be noted that the rows ofloops 150 will alte nate with the rows of loops 151, as-illustrat ed in Figure 8, and due to the independent knitting'of the long1 and'short butts, straight portions 152 of t e yarn 61 will extend between the loops 150 and, across the loops 151, and likewise the straight yarn portions 153 of the knit between the 100 s 151 etwo knitiyarns are interkni so that one yarn produces wales alternating with the wales of the other yarn, and the straight portions f yarn between the alternating wales of the fabric extend across the'wales of the other prevent lateral elasticity of the knitvase yarnsto a greatei' degree than ordlnary knitting, and which renders the fabric practical as used in connection with Turki h toweling and like fabrics which are ordinar' y woven upon looms, and which it is intended this invention shall produce in a loops 160 stand out the fabric, and

and efficient means hafs ting, upon a circular chine, with main and moreeflicient and economical relation than Turelflish towels have herebefore been prouc With res t to the terr threads and 62, the douhl loo cast-o of the dial elementsat the bea' presser 136 produces the double terry loops 160 illustrated iii the drawings, inthe fabric between adjacent rows of wales, all at one side' of the base knitted fabric. The'cast off of the short butt needles reduces the doublevfiller thread loops 161 of 0th terry yarns at the opposite side of the fabric from the double loops 160. It is of course understood that the loops 161 are cast ofi at the knitting point110. Other double loops 162 of both terry yarns are cast Off at the knitting oint 130, at. he same side of the fabric as t e loops 16 Thus the freely from one side of the, fabric, and the loops 161 and 162 stand out freely from the opposite side of the representation shown in Figure 8 of the drawings is merely diagram matic byway of'example, and due to the close lrmt of the wales and stitch loops-of the fabric and the no -elastici ty due to the special alternate knit of the long and short butt'needles, held in such a loopedgrelation as to practicall hide-the base knit tional Turkish towel.

vention it is apparent that novel, economical,

devised for Imitt of knitting mamanner as to provide a practically unstretchable or nonelastic knitted fabric with filler ,yarns held thereinin a freely looped relation at each side as to provide a fabric suitable I yarn of the fabric to al intent and-purposes as ina conven fi eryarns in suchfor use as towelingikwash rags; bath mats, bath robes, and the. e.

Various changes in the steps to effect the knitting of the as alteration of parts may be madeto the form of invention herein shown and described, without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the elaims.

I I claim: v

-1. In a knitting machine a set of'needles and their carriers, means-for feeding a knitting yarn to alternate needles of said set, means for feeding a second knitting yarn to the remaining needles of said set, means to dependently operate the needles of the first and second knitting yarns to knit fabric, a dial construction including thread controllin elements, means to supply a pair of extra t reads to the respective groups of alternate needlesof said set and the dial elements intermediate the feeds of the first and second yarns above mentioned, and means to operate on the-needles of said. set and the dlal elements to draw the extra threads into loose loops fabric. 4

2. In a circular knitti der having a dplurality of ongitudinal reciprocating nee es thereon, means to operate on alternate needles 'to elevate and lower the same, means to operate on the remaining needles toelevate and lower the same, means to feed two knitting yarns to said needles, one yarn to alternate needles and thefother yarn to the remaining needles, a dial, reciprocating elements supported by the dial in transversely oinovable cooperation with the needles of ythe-cylinder, means for feedi an extra yarnto the cylinder needles an the dial elements, and cam means cooperating upon the cylinder needles and dial elements in cooperation 'with said last mentioned means to receive the extra yarn in such rethe filler or terry threads are projecting a a first extra thread,cam means latio to the knitting yarn that the same will proyi de loose loops at opposite'sides of the 31 Ina knittin vmachine astationary cylinder having a.

ciprocatingnee es thereon,

a stationary dial over the cylinder having a plurality of remain and terry yarns, as well machine a cylinurality of longitudinal reciproeably supported elements thereon in transversely movable cooperative relation with the needles of the c'yhnder, cam means /for elevatin all of the cylinder needles and ll of the dial'elements to receive immediately succeeding the last mentioned foam means to retract the dial elements and lower alternate needles of the cylinder, means for elevating the remainingnil'ieedles of the cylinder to re-' I 'tting yarn, cam means"operating on thelast mentioned'needles to lower them to knitting positioeni caznmean suceeeding the last mention means to elevate all of the cylinder needles and proieetcali of the dial elements for receiving a second extra thread, cam means succeeding the last mentioned cam mea s-for retracting all of I the cylinder needles and retracting all of the dial elements, cam means succeeding the last mentioned cam means to elevate the alternate needles of the cylinder which were not I elevated when the first knitting thread was fed, means for feeding a second knitting thread to the elevated needles of said last mentioned cam means, cam means for lowering the said elevated needles to a knitting position, and cam means for projecting the dial elements, to a loop cast 0E position for casting 01f the loops formed by the extra thread supported thereby.

4. Ina knitting machine, a cylinder, a setof cylinder needles, means guiding and con: trdlling knitting yarns upon the needles, means to operate said needles to knit a base fabric of said knitting yarns, a dial construction including reciprocating yarn controlling elements, means for guiding terry looping yarns upon said dial elements and cylinder needles, and means to operate said cylinder needles and dial. elements to draw said terry yarns through the base fabric as it is knitted in free long outstanding'terry loops at both sides of the base fabric.

' HARRY. MOADAMS.

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