US2577026A - Pivoted breech bolt lock for automatic firearms - Google Patents

Pivoted breech bolt lock for automatic firearms Download PDF

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Publication number
US2577026A
US2577026A US718661A US71866146A US2577026A US 2577026 A US2577026 A US 2577026A US 718661 A US718661 A US 718661A US 71866146 A US71866146 A US 71866146A US 2577026 A US2577026 A US 2577026A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bolt
breech
locking
breech block
case
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US718661A
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English (en)
Inventor
Maillard Bernard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA
Original Assignee
Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA filed Critical Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA
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Publication of US2577026A publication Critical patent/US2577026A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes
    • F41A3/40—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes mounted on the bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated

Definitions

  • the present invention has for its subject an automatic firearm provided with a breech block Sliding in a breech case and with at least one bolt adapted to lock these two members relatively to one another.
  • the bolt In firearms of this type, the bolt generally has the shape of a lever hinged to one of these two members, that is to say to the breech block or to the breech case, so as to be capable of moving relatively to its support between a looking or active position and a neutral or retracted position.
  • the movement of the bolt in the locking direction may then be controlled by the coming into engagement, at the moment of locking the breech block, of two ramps moving one relatively to the other and of which one is secured to the bolt.
  • the bolt In the constructions proposed hitherto, the bolt is guided entirely in its support during its movement relatively to this support.
  • the bolt intended to lock the breech block with respect to the breech case is formed by a lever of which one of the ends engages in a housing provided in one of these two parts, the housing being so provided as to allow the bolt to oscillate between a locking or active position and a neutral or retracted posi-. tion, the other end of the lever having surfaces adapted to come into contact, in the retracted position, with cooperating surfaces of said housing, these surfaces of the bolt and of the housing being so shaped as to move away from one another when the bolt is moving away from its retracted position so as to leave said bolt loose in said housing for at least the end portion of its movement toward active or looking position.
  • Fig. l is a view in elevation, partly in section of an automatic firearm.
  • Fig. 2 is a view in horizontal section on the line IIII of Fig. 3.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are views in cross-section on the lines IIIIII and..IV:-IY of Fig; l.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of the bolt and rails on the breech case with which it co-operates.
  • Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are views in elevation, to a larger scale, of a portion of the firearm, in its different phases of operation.
  • Theautomatic firearm shown in the drawings is provided, at the rear of a barrel II], with a. breech case Ii, in which can slide a breech formed by the following three elements: a breech block 12, a bolt [3 adapted to lock the breech block relatively to the breech case when a shot is being fired and safety means for securing bolt IS in its locking position.
  • Said safety means is formed by two slides Id connected together by a peg l 5 and capable of sliding longitudinally relatively to breech block l2.
  • the peg l5 passes through an elongated opening [6 provided in the breech block and carries a striker ll sliding in an axial hole I 8 which at the same time serves as, a seating for a return spring [9.
  • the move- 'ment of slides I 4 relatively to breech block I2 is limited by the length of slot [6.
  • Percussion springs 2!] bearing against projections 2
  • Bolt I3 is located in a housing22 provided in the lower part of the breech block (see Figs. 5 to 7).
  • bolt I3 At its front end bolt I3 is provided with a cylindrical surface 23 forming a journal which cooperates with an open bearing 24, of the same shape, provided in the front wall of housing 22. At its upper portion the bolt is provided with a projection 25 adapted to engage a notch 26 cut in the bottom part of slides 14. It is limited at its rear end by three separate faces 21, 28, 29. Face 21 is adapted to come into contact, for the locking position, with a bearing surface 30 provided on a transverse member 3
  • bolt 13 When bolt 13 is in its retracted position (position shown in Fig. 1), it rests by its lower face 32 on the breech case.
  • the face 28 of the bolt is located opposite a surface 33 provided on the breech block l2 and forming a portion of the rear wall of housing 22 (Fig. 6).
  • the bolt is also provided with two lateral projections 35 (shown in Fig. 5). The front portion of these projections form ramps 36 located opposite ramps 31 provided on two Sta tionary rails 38 secured to the breech case.
  • Ramps 36 and 31 are adapted to come into contact with one another slightly before the breech block in its closing movement, reaches the end of its stroke.
  • the reaction to which the bolt is subjected by the ramp 3'! has a horizontal component which tends to cause face 28 to come into contact with surface 33 (Fig. 6).
  • the bolt is thus subjected simultaneously to the reactions of ramps 31 and 34 and of surface 33, which 3 reactions: result in rapidly driving downwardly the rear part of the bolt, the front part of the bolt being journalled in bearings 24.
  • the bolt then comes into engagement, by its face 21, with the notch 30 of the breech case. It is secured in its locking or active position (Fig; 8) by being covered by the rear portion of slides II which keep moving forward for the. purpose of producing percussion.
  • the bolt remains secured in its locking positionduring the firing of the shot and until the burnt gases which are present in the bore of barrel [0, acting through the medium ofv a port 39, a cylinder 4!]. and pushers 4
  • the inclination of the. rear face of. notch 39 is calculated to return the bolt automatically into. retracted position. when the projection 25. of said bolt can engage into the notch 26 of the slides which are now moving rearwardly so. that said bolt is. no. longer secured in its locking position.
  • the present invention may be applied in the case in which the bolt, instead of being hinged in the. breech block,.is hinged in the breech case.
  • the bolt can co-operate, for. passing from its, retracted position to its locking. position, with ramps located on. the breech block.
  • the breech case is then provided with a part adapted to come into contactwith a part of the bolt opposite the hinge point of thelatter, these parts being so inclined as to promote the, movement of the bolt in the locking direction.
  • an automatic firearm including. a barrel, the combination of a breech case havin a surface parallel to the axis of said barrel, a breech block slidable in said breech case in a direction parallel to said axis and having a surface in slidingengagement with saidsurface of the breech case,- one of said two last mentioned parts being providedwith an opening into the surface which is in said sliding engagement with the other of said two last mentioned parts, and a locking bolt having one end journalled in one end wall of said opening so as to be substantially pivotally movable with respect to the one of said two last mentioned parts between a retracted release position in which it-is' in alignment with the surface of the one of said two last mentioned parts and alocked position in which it projects therefrom, said engaging surface of the other of said two last mentioned partsbeing provided with a notch for engaging said locking bolt in the locked position thereof to prevent rearward movement of said breech block, a second end wall ofsaid opening.
  • journalled end opposite said journalled end being generated by the end of a first radius vector having itsorigin substantially coinciding with the center of curvature of said journal and increasing in length over itsarc of movement from the bottom of the opening to the outer surface thereof; and when the locking bolt is in retracted position, the end of said locking bolt opposite the journalled end being in surface engagement with a substantial portion of said second end wall of said opening,
  • the engagement area of said end of said locking bolt opposite the journalled end and said second end wall of said opening being generated by the end of a second radius vector also having its origin substantially coinciding with the center of curvature of said journal and increasing in length over its arc of movement correspondingly to the increasing length of said first radius vector, whereby upon pivotal movement of the bolt from the retracted position to the locked position, the end of said bolt opposite said journalled end moves apart from said second end wall of said opening to form a continuously and progressively increasing gap.
  • an automatic firearm including a barrel, the combination ofv a breech case having a surface parallel to the axis of said barrel, a breech block slidable in said breech case in a direction parallel to said axis and. having a surface in sliding engagement with said surface of the breech case, said breech block being provided with an opening intothe surface which is in sliding engagement with said surface of the. breech case, and a locking bolt having one end journalled in one end wall of said openingv so as to be substantially pivotally movable with respect to said breech block between a retracted. release position for which it is in, alignment. with said breech block. surface and. a locked position for which it projects therefrom, said.
  • breech case surface being provided. with. a. notch. for engaging said locking bolt inthe locked position thereof to prevent rearward movement of said breech block, a second end wall of said opening opposite said journall-ed. end. being generated by the end of a first radius vector having its origin substantially coinciding with.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
US718661A 1946-01-16 1946-12-27 Pivoted breech bolt lock for automatic firearms Expired - Lifetime US2577026A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH619413X 1946-01-16
CH624286X 1946-07-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2577026A true US2577026A (en) 1951-12-04

Family

ID=25737734

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US718661A Expired - Lifetime US2577026A (en) 1946-01-16 1946-12-27 Pivoted breech bolt lock for automatic firearms
US758815A Expired - Lifetime US2501069A (en) 1946-01-16 1947-07-03 Gas piston operated breechblock lock

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US758815A Expired - Lifetime US2501069A (en) 1946-01-16 1947-07-03 Gas piston operated breechblock lock

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US2577026A (fr)
BE (2) BE469398A (fr)
CH (2) CH252157A (fr)
DE (2) DE851745C (fr)
FR (2) FR936528A (fr)
GB (2) GB619413A (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2751702A (en) * 1955-01-19 1956-06-26 Remington Arms Co. Cartridge feeding in a tubular magazine firearm
US2818785A (en) * 1953-07-27 1958-01-07 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Improvements in automatic guns having a detachable barrel
US2868082A (en) * 1955-10-13 1959-01-13 Robert G Nutting Drop lock bolt for gun
US2900878A (en) * 1955-10-04 1959-08-25 Nomar Arms Inc Toggle breech block locking means for a gas piston operated gun
US2919630A (en) * 1957-06-14 1960-01-05 Willard J Hoyt Firearm with breech block retarding means
US3080543A (en) * 1960-11-22 1963-03-05 Wiegand Co Edwin L Electric heaters
US4056038A (en) * 1976-05-12 1977-11-01 Rath Hans M Dual purpose semi-automatic convertible rifle

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2775920A (en) * 1950-05-01 1957-01-01 Paul H Dixon Bolt spline
US2720820A (en) * 1950-06-02 1955-10-18 Paul H Dixon Hydraulic breech operating mechanism
NL184305B (nl) * 1953-01-27 Ici Ltd Werkwijze ter bereiding van herbicide preparaten.
DE1068591B (fr) * 1957-05-24 1959-11-05
FR2202584A5 (fr) * 1972-10-10 1974-05-03 France Etat
JPS58500867A (ja) * 1981-05-11 1983-05-26 ロ−レンス，オウエン・レオナ−ド 小火器
US10989489B2 (en) 2019-04-05 2021-04-27 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Bolt release mechanism for firearm

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2199872A (en) * 1938-02-17 1940-05-07 Birkigt Marc Automatic firearm

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE426319A (fr) * 1938-02-11
BE426439A (fr) * 1938-02-17

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2199872A (en) * 1938-02-17 1940-05-07 Birkigt Marc Automatic firearm

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2818785A (en) * 1953-07-27 1958-01-07 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Improvements in automatic guns having a detachable barrel
US2751702A (en) * 1955-01-19 1956-06-26 Remington Arms Co. Cartridge feeding in a tubular magazine firearm
US2900878A (en) * 1955-10-04 1959-08-25 Nomar Arms Inc Toggle breech block locking means for a gas piston operated gun
US2868082A (en) * 1955-10-13 1959-01-13 Robert G Nutting Drop lock bolt for gun
US2919630A (en) * 1957-06-14 1960-01-05 Willard J Hoyt Firearm with breech block retarding means
US3080543A (en) * 1960-11-22 1963-03-05 Wiegand Co Edwin L Electric heaters
US4056038A (en) * 1976-05-12 1977-11-01 Rath Hans M Dual purpose semi-automatic convertible rifle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB624286A (en) 1949-06-01
CH252157A (fr) 1947-12-15
BE469398A (fr)
FR945278A (fr) 1949-04-29
US2501069A (en) 1950-03-21
BE474539A (fr)
DE851746C (de) 1952-10-09
FR936528A (fr) 1948-07-22
CH253040A (fr) 1948-02-15
GB619413A (en) 1949-03-09
DE851745C (de) 1952-10-09

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