US2573797A - Switch having one or more tubular contacts - Google Patents

Switch having one or more tubular contacts Download PDF

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Publication number
US2573797A
US2573797A US723727A US72372747A US2573797A US 2573797 A US2573797 A US 2573797A US 723727 A US723727 A US 723727A US 72372747 A US72372747 A US 72372747A US 2573797 A US2573797 A US 2573797A
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United States
Prior art keywords
contacts
screen
switch
cylindrical
contact
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Expired - Lifetime
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US723727A
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English (en)
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Latour Andre
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7038—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/7046—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to switches of the centripetal blast type, having cylindrical contacts, preferably of same external diameter and at least one of which being tubular, in which the arc is driven by the blast towards the center and at the inside of the contact or contacts through which the blast fluid escapes.
  • An object of my invention is to provide a switch of said type, in which the gas flow is symmetrically distributed about the axis of the contacts, in view to center the arc in the best position to be blown out.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide a switch of said type in which the volume of extinguishing gas previously exposed to the radiation of the arc is reduced to a minimum compatible with the flow oi the compressed gas, in View to prevent the ionisation and the heating action of the arc, which has for effect to considerably lower the dielectric proportion of the extinguishing gas.
  • the'main feature of my invention is to provide a screen, the internal form 'of which is substantially cylindrical and which surrounds the cylindrical contacts, leaving an annular space of suitable section forming two paths of flow for the extinguishing fluid,
  • the internal shape of the r internal wall of the screen preferably favoring the change of orientation of the flow just in front of the arc gap.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through the: axis ofJthe deviceaccording to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a section through the of a modification of the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a sectionthrough the plane III-III of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 shows in axial section an embodiment a of the invention applied to multiple break switches
  • Fig. 5 is a modification of thissame applica tion
  • Fig. 6 is a section on the plane VI -VI of Fig. 5.
  • both contacts are shown at i and 2 in their open position or practically so.
  • One of the contacts can be stationary and the other movable, or both can be movable.
  • the volume of compressed fluid subjected to the radiation of the arc is materialized by the solid. of revolution defined by the internal surface of the screen and the common tangents 8- and 9 to the two contacts and that it is desirable to make said'volume as small as the losses in charge will permit on the one hand. and the insulation distances between the screen and'electrodes on the other hand.
  • my invention provides a screen, the internal form of which is a cylinder of revolution, the generatrix of said on the other hand to trace the generatrix giving rise to the internal surface of the screen, over a curve sensibly reproducing the equi-potenti'al move towards the upper part of this figure.
  • apparatus comprising a single break of the screen 3 and the directing elements I l and [2 or part only of these elements, can be applied one against the other by means of a spring 20, preferably housed in an extensible casing 26, 21.
  • the invention foreshadows again the provision of directing vanes which are preferably housed at the extremities of the screen. These arrangements are shown at H and 12 in Fig. 2 and'at-l I in the section shown at Fig. 3.
  • the assembly formed by the electrodes l, 2 and the screen 3 is intended as it is generally the case, to be included in a chamber wherein the compressed fluid enters from one end, it may occur that through the diflerent orientation of the inlet orifices to the screen relatively to the arrival of compressed fluid in the chamber, the two opposed currents 4 and 5, shown in Fig. 1 do not have an equal speed. This may give rise to an objection as regards the good distribution of the blowing current especially if the electrodes and the screen have to make a symmetrical system as it isthe case in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows an example of the invention applied to a multiple break switch.
  • Each break element consists'of a pair of contacts I, 2, surrounded by its screen 3 and its directing member ll, l2 the whole being housed in an insulator l5 forming a chamber to the interior of which the compressed fluid is admitted, for example from the bottom, by means of the annular space It.
  • the insulator I5 is closed at one end by a hood I! provided with orifices l8 for the evacuation of the fluid which has traversed the contacts 2 and 2' and with conduits l9 through which the of the arc spurting between the contacts I and 2. For convenience in mounting the assembly I! are eliminated.
  • the screen 3 of the preceding figures can also be used asinsulating support fed with compressed fluid by its two extremities.
  • Fig. 6 represents a section of Fig. 5 through the plane VIVI, to dispose the directing vanes in a casing 22 the wall of which takes the form of a spiral around the vanes in the manner of a turbine casing.
  • the extremity of the directing vanes can advantageously be bent back in a suitable direction.
  • the screen 3 can be made of conducting material (metal or otherwise) and in such a case be totally insulated from the electrodes. It can also be made of refractory insulating material such for example as special porcelain, steatite, zircone and so on. It is more particularly recommended to choose an insulating material having both a good resistance to sudden rises in temperature and good internal and superficial dielectric qualities. It is also possible to make the screen of a tube of insulating material of great solidity mechanically (moulded material, paper or tissue impregnated with a synthetic resin, and so on) covered internally with a material having the desired profile and properties.
  • the screen can also be made of material of low conductivity and so serve as a resistance in parallel for the break.
  • a separate feed tube 25 is preferably made of insulating material; But it can also be made from material of low conductivity and so serve as a resistance or as a support for a resistance.
  • a gas blast switch comprising in combination, two cylindrical coaxial relatively movable contacts, at least one of which is tubular, a member, the internal surface of which is cylindrical and surrounds with play both said contacts to form two annular cylindrical conducts for the compressed gas and means for introducing the compressed gas into said annular conducts.
  • a gas blast switch in combination, two axially aligned cylindrical contacts movable relative to each other and each having a contact surface for interengagement, at least one of said contacts being hollow to receive on its interior gases for discharge, and a stationary member surrounding a portion of each of said cylindrical contacts but spaced from the exterior thereof to form therewith oppositely disposed communicating annular cylindrical chambers, one chamber adjacent each contact, each chamber adapted to conduct compressed gas emanating from a blast source to said contact surfaces in a direction opposite to the gas conducting direction of the other chamber.
  • a gas blast switch in combination, two axially aligned cylindrical contacts movable relative to each other and each having a contact surface for interengagenient, at least one of said contacts being hollow to receive on its interior gases for discharge, a stationary member sur-- rounding a portion of each of said cylindrical contacts but spaced from the exterior thereof to form therewith oppositely disposed communieating annular cylindrical chambers, one chamber adjacent each contact, each chamber adapted to conduct compressed gas emanating from a blast source to said contact surfaces in a direction opposite to the gas conducting direction of the other chamber, and partition means disposed in said chambers for controlling the flow of gas within the chambers.
  • a gas blast switch in combination, two axially aligned cylindrical contacts movable relative to each other and each having a contact surface for interengagement, at least one of said contacts being hollow to receive on its interior gases for discharge and having an orifice concentric with the cylindrical exterior surface, a stationary member surrounding a portion of each of said cylindrical contacts but spaced from the exterior thereof to form therewith oppositely disposed communicating annular cylindrical chambers, one chamber adjacent each contact, each chamber adapted to conduct compressed gas emanating from a blast source to said contact surfaces in a direction opposite to the gas conducting direction of the other chamber, and means associated with said stationary member and projecting into one of said chambers opposite said hollow contact and converging towards the same for directing gases conducted in said one chamber simultaneously axially and radially inwardly for discharge into said orifice.
  • a gas blast switch in combination, two axially aligned cylindrical contacts, each having an end surface and being movable relative to each other between an interengagement position and another position of disengagement wherein saidend surfaces are spaced for a certain distance, at least one of said contacts being tubular and having an orifice in said end surface to receive gases for subsequent discharge, a stationary member surrounding a portion of each of said cylindrical contacts but spaced from the exterior thereof to form therewith oppositely disposed communicating annular cylindrical chambers, one chamber adjacent each contact, each chamber adapted to conduct compressed gas emanating from a blast source to said contact surfaces in a direction opposite to the gas conducting direction of the other chamber, and partition means disposed in said chambers for controlling the flow of gas within the chambers, the sectional area of each chamber throughout being proportional to the area of said orifice in accordance with a predetermined ratio for controlling the rate of flow of said gases.
  • a gas blast switch in combination, a first cylindrical hollow contact; a second cylindrical hollow contact arranged in alignment with and movably with respect to said first contact; end faces forming part of said contacts, respectively, and arranged for contacting each other in the closed position of the switch; a stationary memher having two substantially cylindrical internal surface portions surrounding, respectively, a portion of each of said cylindrical contacts and being spaced apart from same so as to form therewith substantially annular cylindrical chambers; an internally projecting portion forming part of said stationary member and having the innermost ridge thereof arranged flush with said faces of said contacts in closed position of the switch; and means for introducing compressed gas into said cylindrical chambers whereby the gas is deflected from said annular chambers by said ridge toward the space between said faces of said contacts.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
US723727A 1944-02-24 1947-01-23 Switch having one or more tubular contacts Expired - Lifetime US2573797A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR969871X 1944-02-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2573797A true US2573797A (en) 1951-11-06

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ID=9502245

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US723727A Expired - Lifetime US2573797A (en) 1944-02-24 1947-01-23 Switch having one or more tubular contacts

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2573797A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE471742A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE969871C (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR906498A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB615059A (en, 2012)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4268732A (en) * 1977-06-24 1981-05-19 Institutul De Cercetari Si Modernizari Energetice Arc quenching chamber for high breaking capacity circuit breakers

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE471742A (en, 2012) * 1944-02-24
FR991205A (fr) * 1944-04-13 1951-10-03 Merlin Gerin Perfectionnements aux dispositifs d'interruption utilisant un interrupteur à gaz comprimé, en série avec un appareil de seconde coupure
CH410110A (de) * 1964-07-24 1966-03-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Druckgasschalter mit mindestens einer innerhalb eines Hohlisolators befindlichen Schaltstelle
JPS57185146U (en, 2012) * 1981-05-19 1982-11-24

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE606982C (de) * 1931-02-23 1934-12-14 Erwin Marx Dr Ing Einrichtung zur einmaligen Lichtbogenloeschung mit Hilfe eines gasfoermigen, stroemenden Loeschmittels und mit Hohlelektroden
GB452813A (en) * 1934-08-31 1936-08-31 Siemens Ag Improvements in and relating to arc extinguishing means in electric circuit breakers
US2067648A (en) * 1933-12-23 1937-01-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit breaker
DE660740C (de) * 1933-12-31 1938-06-11 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Lichtbogenloescheinrichtung
US2333598A (en) * 1941-01-09 1943-11-02 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit interrupter
US2359800A (en) * 1940-12-11 1944-10-10 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Fluid blast circuit breaker
FR906498A (fr) * 1944-02-24 1946-01-08 Merlin Gerin Perfectionnements aux interrupteurs comportant un ou plusieurs contacts tubulaires
US2452221A (en) * 1945-08-27 1948-10-26 Pacific Electric Mfg Corp Fluid blast arc extinguishing circuit breaker
US2481996A (en) * 1944-04-22 1949-09-13 Ferguson Pailin Ltd Air blast circuit breaker

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE665797C (de) * 1933-05-30 1938-10-04 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Wechselstromschalter mit Lichtbogenloeschung durch ein stroemendes, unter Druck zugefuehrtes Loeschmittel
DE647141C (de) * 1933-08-01 1937-06-29 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Elektrischer Schalter
US2134506A (en) * 1934-06-12 1938-10-25 Gen Electric Electric circuit interrupter
GB463619A (en) * 1934-06-29 1937-03-30 Erwin Marx Improvements in electric switches with compressed-gas blow-out
DE680030C (de) * 1936-12-12 1939-08-19 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Druckgasschalter mit Mehrfachunterbrechung
DE735702C (de) * 1941-04-29 1943-05-24 Aeg Elektrischer Stromunterbrecher mit Lichtbogenloeschung durch einen Loeschgasstrom

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE606982C (de) * 1931-02-23 1934-12-14 Erwin Marx Dr Ing Einrichtung zur einmaligen Lichtbogenloeschung mit Hilfe eines gasfoermigen, stroemenden Loeschmittels und mit Hohlelektroden
US2067648A (en) * 1933-12-23 1937-01-12 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit breaker
DE660740C (de) * 1933-12-31 1938-06-11 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Lichtbogenloescheinrichtung
GB452813A (en) * 1934-08-31 1936-08-31 Siemens Ag Improvements in and relating to arc extinguishing means in electric circuit breakers
US2359800A (en) * 1940-12-11 1944-10-10 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Fluid blast circuit breaker
US2333598A (en) * 1941-01-09 1943-11-02 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit interrupter
FR906498A (fr) * 1944-02-24 1946-01-08 Merlin Gerin Perfectionnements aux interrupteurs comportant un ou plusieurs contacts tubulaires
US2481996A (en) * 1944-04-22 1949-09-13 Ferguson Pailin Ltd Air blast circuit breaker
US2452221A (en) * 1945-08-27 1948-10-26 Pacific Electric Mfg Corp Fluid blast arc extinguishing circuit breaker

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4268732A (en) * 1977-06-24 1981-05-19 Institutul De Cercetari Si Modernizari Energetice Arc quenching chamber for high breaking capacity circuit breakers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR906498A (fr) 1946-01-08
GB615059A (en) 1948-12-31
BE471742A (en, 2012)
DE969871C (de) 1958-07-24

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