US2573691A - Writing instrument - Google Patents

Writing instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
US2573691A
US2573691A US588382A US58838245A US2573691A US 2573691 A US2573691 A US 2573691A US 588382 A US588382 A US 588382A US 58838245 A US58838245 A US 58838245A US 2573691 A US2573691 A US 2573691A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ball
ink
tip
writing
raceway
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US588382A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Chesler Isidor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eagle Pencil Co
Original Assignee
Eagle Pencil Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE471730D priority Critical patent/BE471730A/xx
Priority to NL68018D priority patent/NL68018C/xx
Application filed by Eagle Pencil Co filed Critical Eagle Pencil Co
Priority to US588382A priority patent/US2573691A/en
Priority to FR920121D priority patent/FR920121A/fr
Priority to GB20593/46A priority patent/GB624366A/en
Priority to CH265223D priority patent/CH265223A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2573691A publication Critical patent/US2573691A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K1/00—Nibs; Writing-points
    • B43K1/08—Nibs; Writing-points with ball points; Balls or ball beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K7/00—Ball-point pens
    • B43K7/02—Ink reservoirs; Ink cartridges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49647—Plain bearing
    • Y10T29/49648—Self-adjusting or self-aligning, including ball and socket type, bearing and component making
    • Y10T29/4965—Deforming socket to secure ball
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/4984—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts
    • Y10T29/49845—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts by deforming interlock
    • Y10T29/49853—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts by deforming interlock of sphere, i.e., ball, in socket
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/4984—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts
    • Y10T29/49845—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts by deforming interlock
    • Y10T29/49853—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts by deforming interlock of sphere, i.e., ball, in socket
    • Y10T29/49854—Ball point pen making

Definitions

  • Fig. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view on a greatly enlarged scale showing the tip end of the. writing implement.
  • General objects of the invention are to provide a liquid or paste dispenser, such as a writing implement, of simple, relatively inexpensive construction, which is substantially proof against flow stoppage on the one hand, or excessive flow, flooding or waste, on the other, regardless of the temperature, humidity-or atmospheric pressure conditions under which the implement is being used, which in the writing implement embodiment requires substantially no service or replacement, but inherently includes a sumcient supply of ink to last for years, which makes a line No. 574,498, filed January 25, 1945, now issued that is substantially smudge-proof and requires no blotting, and which will write with substantially equal effectiveness, whether the writing surface is upright, or horizontal, above or below the writers hand.
  • the usual crimped tip edge for retaining in place the ball point of writing implements of the above type does not engage the ball at all points so that there is clearance at many points in the crimped edge through some of which air may enter the implement and through others ink escape therefrom, with fortuitous alternations of stoppage and excess ink feed, difiiculties which would be aggravated were the ink in the barrel maintained under relatively high propulsive pressure.
  • such crimped edge where it. does engage the ball surface acts like a scraper, so that excess ink that is not immediately conveyed to the paper is scraped oil by said edge in the rolling of the ball and is later deposited upon the paper, intermittently rendering the writing stroke heavy and ragged.
  • Particular objects of the invention are to provide a smooth uninterrupted and secure bearing mount for the writing ball without undue restraint to the freedom of its rotation in use, which mount is sufficiently tight to serve as a ball valve seat retaining the ink against leakage even though pressure of considerable magnitude be sustained upon the ink in the barrel, which feeds the ink continuously and uniformly to the writin point and on the one hand avoids stop page of ink flow due to the entry of air past the ball, and on the other hand the excess, flow
  • a metal tip I0 is preferably threaded at l2 into a frusto-conical section II which in turn is threaded at l3 into the barrel M of the writing implement.
  • the forward end of the tip mounts the writing ball I5 in manner to be described hereinafter.
  • the supply of ink is stored within the barrel, from which it may flow to the writing point in any or numerous ways.
  • the ink is main-. tained within the barrel under sustained propul sive pressure which is resisted by the ball writing point.
  • the propulsive pressure may be exerted and sustained upon the ink in any of various ways, as for instance by a spring according to the disclosure of my copending application Serial Patent No. 2,444,004, dated June 22, 1948, but preferably the propulsive force is the atmospheric pressure exerted upon the incompressible column of ink in the barrel, as for instance through a vent [6 in the barrel wall.
  • the atmospheric pressure may be exerted directly upon the ink exposed to the air, within the barrel, suitable means being provided to preclude leakage of ink through the barrel vent, all as disclosed for instance in my copending application Serial No. 577,773, filed February 14, 1945, now issued Patent No. 2,504,649, issued April 18, 1950.
  • the atmospheric pressure is exerted through a flexible wall, desirably a rubber sac, which insulates and protects the ink from exposure to the air.
  • the atmospheric pressure being exerted substantially on the entire exposed wall of the sac causes the ball to be urged firmly against its seat, thereby to preclude leakage.
  • Particular embodiments of the latter arrangement one of which is shown in Fig. 1 herein, are disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 573,536, filed January 19, 1945, now issued Patent 2,444,003. issued June 22, 1948.
  • the tip in is preferably of stainless or cold rolled or machine steel and the ball housed at its tip end is a solid sphere or ball l5 of hardened steel or hardened stainless steel which of ink with the escape of air from the tip, or the Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional detail view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2,-and r g protrudes beyond the tip.
  • the tip has a snugly fitted area rather than line of contact with the ball in the region of the equator of the latter, that is, the bore of the tip engages the ball along a spherical segment area extending from the equator e of the ball I5 outward toward the writing pole and preferably also inward toward the confined pole of the ball.
  • the area of contact is a spherical segment extending approximately equally at opposite sides of the equator of the ball and in the preferred embodiment the total width of that segment is approximately 20 to 25 per cent of the diameter of the ball u
  • the tip is subjected to a swaging operation to cause the softer metal thereof to flow into snug engagement with the equatorial zone of the ball along the width of spherical segment above set forth, thereby to form a smooth, polished spherical segment raceway 1' in the tip,'which snugly confines the ball.
  • the spherical segment raceway 1' at its outer rim is of diameter smaller than that of the ball, the ball is confined in place so that it cannot escape from the tip.
  • the fit is so snug as to be substantially liquid tight but yet permits the ball to roll freely in any direction within its raceway in the writing operation.
  • the relation between the ball and its spherical segment raceway in the 4 ball which is altogether too-snug for use with even the finest grade of pigment ink.
  • the distance between the ball and its raceway is probably in the order of a micron or less and would act to strain out the pigment from the ink. It is, therefore, desirable to use with the writing imof pigment and that has suitable dye in solution therein so that no solids are present to be strained out at the raceway and the entire ink, including the vehicle together with the color in solution therein, will be carried-by the ball, but so sparingly as to dry substantially instantly upon the writing sheet.
  • the ball is positioned by and rolls over the center IQ of the barrier wall.
  • Communication from the bore I! to the ball cage 18 is preferably effected by way of a port, desirably itself a bore 20 of diameter smaller than the radius of the ball and towardone side of the ball seat, desirably as shown, nearly tan-' gentially of the tip bore l1. Desirably onl one such bore 20 is used, for reasons which will appear more fully in the description of the operation hereinafter.
  • of the tip is preferably spaced from theball. This is accomplished preferably by fashioning a peripheral groove 22 at the interior periphery of the tip rim, the bottom of which groove 22 thus coincides with the outer edge 23 ofthe segment ball raceway r.
  • the tip and the ball may be of any of a wide range of diameters, depending upon the character of writing implement or other applicator with which the same is to be used.
  • the diameter of the ball l5 may be in the order of .04 inch
  • the diameter of the ball cage bore I8 as above noted may be about .001 inch less
  • the diameter of the port 20 in the order of .015 inch.
  • the width of the ball raceway 1 may be in the order of .008 inch.
  • a flexible sac 25 which may be of thin rubber and which is normally in collapsed condition, that is, it is preferably molded or electroplated about a flat mandrel or core. so that it will distend to the open position shown in Fig. 1, only when vacuum is externally applied thereto while the ink is introduced thereinto through the section II before the tip ID has been applied, all in the manner set forth in the above entitled application.
  • the teachings of the present invention may be advantageously applied by way of example as a leak-proof dispenser, combined with an applicator for cosmetics, such as lip rouge, mascara and perfume.
  • cosmetics such as lip rouge, mascara and perfume.
  • Such cosmetics preferably in viscous or pasty form, would be used within the barrel in place of the ink in the implement above described, and the ball point would of course be of much larger diameter for ease of application without irritation to the delicate skin of the lips.
  • the difiiculty of making a lipstick soft enough for ready application, and yet solid enough not to melt in warm weather, the need for pointing the stick and for providin a propel and repel case would all be obviated by the present invention.
  • the teachings of the present invention when a suitably large point is used, are also applicable to paste and mucilage dispensers.
  • the invention has the further advantage in such application, that the body of paste or mucilage is not exposed to the air, and so does not harden or form an obstructing film on the contents of the dispenser as is inherently the case with conventional sqeegee and other rubber mouth mucilage tubes that operate on the principal of admitting air into the system to help feed out the paste.
  • a writing implement of the type having a metal ball writing point protruding therebeyond the combination of a metal ball, a metal tip accommodating said ball, said tip having a swage fit about opposite sides of the equator of the ball and afiording a smooth spherical segment raceway of curvature substantially equal to that of said ball for and completely encircling the ball, and extending substantially to the rim of said tip said rim having an annular trough therein adiacent the ball for surplus ink.
  • a writing implement of the type having a metal ball writing point the combination of a metal ball, a metal tip accommodating said ball, said tip having a swage fit about the equator of the ball and affording a smooth spherical segment raceway for the ball of curvature substantially equal to that of said ball, said tip having in the interior thereof a rigid backstop for the ball with a single port therethrough laterally of the center of said backstop and of diameter less than the radius of the ball, through which ink passes to the surfaces of the ball.
  • a writing implement comprising a vented barrel, a metal tip at the end of said barrel, a flexible sac in said barrel having one face thereof subjected to atmospheric pressure through the vent, ink charging the interior of the barrel between the other wall face of the sac and said tip, a ball writing point in the forward end of said tip, the metal from the forward rim of the tip being removed at the inner periphery thereof, to aiford an annular trough about the ball at the extremity of the tip, said tip having a sw-age fit about the equator of said ball and affording a spherical segment raceway for the ball and fitting sufiiciently tightly to restrain leakage of ink therethrough under the sustained atmospheric pressure upon the ink.
  • a writing implement comprising a vented barrel having a writing tip thereon, a flexible ink filled sac within said barrel afiixed with respect to said tip, said sac being of the normally collapsed type and being distended by its ink content, the tip having a bore therethrough, a ball lodged at the outer end of the tip, the outer rim of said tip presenting a groove along its inner periphery, with the outer part of said groove spaced from the ball and affording an annular ink trough about the ball, said tip having a swage fit about the equator of the ball, along a smooth spherical segment raceway closely embracing the ball, said fit being sufficiently tight to restrain the leakage of ink under the sustained atmospheric pressure thereon.

Landscapes

  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
US588382A 1945-01-19 1945-01-25 Writing instrument Expired - Lifetime US2573691A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE471730D BE471730A (de) 1945-01-19
NL68018D NL68018C (de) 1945-01-19
US588382A US2573691A (en) 1945-01-19 1945-01-25 Writing instrument
FR920121D FR920121A (fr) 1945-01-19 1945-10-01 Perfectionnements aux distributeurs et plus spécialement aux porteplumes réservoirs
GB20593/46A GB624366A (en) 1945-01-19 1946-07-10 Improvements in or relating to writing or similar implements for applying liquid or paste
CH265223D CH265223A (fr) 1945-01-19 1947-03-05 Instrument pour étendre un produit liquide.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US265223XA 1945-01-19 1945-01-19
US250145XA 1945-01-25 1945-01-25
US588382A US2573691A (en) 1945-01-19 1945-01-25 Writing instrument

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2573691A true US2573691A (en) 1951-11-06

Family

ID=27362445

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US588382A Expired - Lifetime US2573691A (en) 1945-01-19 1945-01-25 Writing instrument

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2573691A (de)
BE (1) BE471730A (de)
CH (1) CH265223A (de)
FR (1) FR920121A (de)
GB (1) GB624366A (de)
NL (1) NL68018C (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2896250A (en) * 1954-12-01 1959-07-28 Burnie J Craig Apparatus for making ball point pens
US3094103A (en) * 1960-06-01 1963-06-18 Schneider G M B H Geb Ball-point pen insert
DE1213297B (de) * 1957-06-12 1966-03-24 Faber Castell A W Kugelschreiber
US20050117961A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2005-06-02 Alain Rosenzweig Ball tip for a writing instrument and method for making same
CN102673239A (zh) * 2011-09-28 2012-09-19 埃格林 一种圆珠笔头及采用该圆珠笔头的圆珠笔连接头、圆珠笔芯

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL76839C (de) * 1951-07-27

Citations (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US600299A (en) * 1898-03-08 Fountain markinq-pen
US807280A (en) * 1905-03-23 1905-12-12 Frank M Kegrize Self-filling fountain-pen.
US1065872A (en) * 1912-11-21 1913-06-24 Samuel Insull Fountain-pen.
US1171652A (en) * 1914-03-17 1916-02-15 Frank H Dougherty Fountain-pen.
US1181574A (en) * 1913-02-17 1916-05-02 Seth S Crocker Fountain-pen.
US1381332A (en) * 1920-06-01 1921-06-14 Paul H Qualmann Self-filling fountain-pen
DE366218C (de) * 1923-01-03 Wilhelm Winkelmann Schreibgeraet mit an der Austrittskegelmuendung der Fluessigkeit liegender rollender Kugel
US1485181A (en) * 1921-12-23 1924-02-26 Grund Richard Marking device
US1527971A (en) * 1923-01-30 1925-03-03 Forsell Arthur Pen
US1616551A (en) * 1926-01-07 1927-02-08 Rosenberg Abraham Manifolding pen
US1980625A (en) * 1932-10-10 1934-11-13 Laforest Jean Fountain pen
US2096397A (en) * 1935-03-07 1937-10-19 Harris Frederick George Method of and means for handling soap paste, grease, and other materials of like consistency
GB476971A (en) * 1935-06-21 1937-12-20 Vaclav Klimes Writing implement
US2106046A (en) * 1937-08-06 1938-01-18 Sidney D Barlow Marking implement
US2107424A (en) * 1936-07-18 1938-02-08 Celanese Corp Marking device
US2204778A (en) * 1940-02-29 1940-06-18 Fred A Sturm Marking implement
US2208588A (en) * 1938-07-28 1940-07-23 Laforest Jean Ball fountain pen
US2211312A (en) * 1940-03-14 1940-08-13 Sidney D Barlow Marking device
US2265055A (en) * 1938-10-29 1941-12-02 Luis Lang Fountain pen for pulpy ink
US2333451A (en) * 1941-12-23 1943-11-02 Sussman Philip Marking device
GB564172A (en) * 1943-06-10 1944-09-15 Laszlo Josef Biro Writing instrument
GB564173A (en) * 1943-06-10 1944-09-15 Laszlo Jozsef Biro Writing instrument
US2376222A (en) * 1943-03-01 1945-05-15 Sidney D Barlow Dispensing container
US2390636A (en) * 1943-04-17 1945-12-11 Biro Laszlo Jozsef Writing instrument
US2444004A (en) * 1945-01-25 1948-06-22 Eagle Pencil Co Writing implement
US2444003A (en) * 1945-01-19 1948-06-22 Eagle Pencil Co Writing implement

Patent Citations (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US600299A (en) * 1898-03-08 Fountain markinq-pen
DE366218C (de) * 1923-01-03 Wilhelm Winkelmann Schreibgeraet mit an der Austrittskegelmuendung der Fluessigkeit liegender rollender Kugel
US807280A (en) * 1905-03-23 1905-12-12 Frank M Kegrize Self-filling fountain-pen.
US1065872A (en) * 1912-11-21 1913-06-24 Samuel Insull Fountain-pen.
US1181574A (en) * 1913-02-17 1916-05-02 Seth S Crocker Fountain-pen.
US1171652A (en) * 1914-03-17 1916-02-15 Frank H Dougherty Fountain-pen.
US1381332A (en) * 1920-06-01 1921-06-14 Paul H Qualmann Self-filling fountain-pen
US1485181A (en) * 1921-12-23 1924-02-26 Grund Richard Marking device
US1527971A (en) * 1923-01-30 1925-03-03 Forsell Arthur Pen
US1616551A (en) * 1926-01-07 1927-02-08 Rosenberg Abraham Manifolding pen
US1980625A (en) * 1932-10-10 1934-11-13 Laforest Jean Fountain pen
US2096397A (en) * 1935-03-07 1937-10-19 Harris Frederick George Method of and means for handling soap paste, grease, and other materials of like consistency
GB476971A (en) * 1935-06-21 1937-12-20 Vaclav Klimes Writing implement
US2107424A (en) * 1936-07-18 1938-02-08 Celanese Corp Marking device
US2106046A (en) * 1937-08-06 1938-01-18 Sidney D Barlow Marking implement
US2208588A (en) * 1938-07-28 1940-07-23 Laforest Jean Ball fountain pen
US2265055A (en) * 1938-10-29 1941-12-02 Luis Lang Fountain pen for pulpy ink
US2204778A (en) * 1940-02-29 1940-06-18 Fred A Sturm Marking implement
US2211312A (en) * 1940-03-14 1940-08-13 Sidney D Barlow Marking device
US2333451A (en) * 1941-12-23 1943-11-02 Sussman Philip Marking device
US2376222A (en) * 1943-03-01 1945-05-15 Sidney D Barlow Dispensing container
US2390636A (en) * 1943-04-17 1945-12-11 Biro Laszlo Jozsef Writing instrument
GB564172A (en) * 1943-06-10 1944-09-15 Laszlo Josef Biro Writing instrument
GB564173A (en) * 1943-06-10 1944-09-15 Laszlo Jozsef Biro Writing instrument
US2444003A (en) * 1945-01-19 1948-06-22 Eagle Pencil Co Writing implement
US2444004A (en) * 1945-01-25 1948-06-22 Eagle Pencil Co Writing implement

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2896250A (en) * 1954-12-01 1959-07-28 Burnie J Craig Apparatus for making ball point pens
DE1213297B (de) * 1957-06-12 1966-03-24 Faber Castell A W Kugelschreiber
US3094103A (en) * 1960-06-01 1963-06-18 Schneider G M B H Geb Ball-point pen insert
US20050117961A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2005-06-02 Alain Rosenzweig Ball tip for a writing instrument and method for making same
US6971814B2 (en) 2002-07-01 2005-12-06 Societe Bic Ball tip for a writing instrument and method for making same
CN102673239A (zh) * 2011-09-28 2012-09-19 埃格林 一种圆珠笔头及采用该圆珠笔头的圆珠笔连接头、圆珠笔芯
CN102673239B (zh) * 2011-09-28 2015-08-19 埃格林 一种圆珠笔头及采用该圆珠笔头的圆珠笔连接头、圆珠笔芯

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB624366A (en) 1949-06-07
BE471730A (de)
NL68018C (de)
CH265223A (fr) 1949-11-30
FR920121A (fr) 1947-03-28

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