US2566245A - Complex compounds of the platinum group as photographic fog inhibitors - Google Patents

Complex compounds of the platinum group as photographic fog inhibitors Download PDF

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Publication number
US2566245A
US2566245A US765818A US76581847A US2566245A US 2566245 A US2566245 A US 2566245A US 765818 A US765818 A US 765818A US 76581847 A US76581847 A US 76581847A US 2566245 A US2566245 A US 2566245A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fog
emulsion
layer
silver halide
sensitive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US765818A
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English (en)
Inventor
Adrian Peter H Trivelli
William F Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL69271D priority Critical patent/NL69271C/xx
Priority to NL69268D priority patent/NL69268C/xx
Priority to FR57512D priority patent/FR57512E/fr
Priority to NL69270D priority patent/NL69270C/xx
Priority to BE470282D priority patent/BE470282A/xx
Priority to NL69470D priority patent/NL69470C/xx
Priority to NL69269D priority patent/NL69269C/xx
Priority to BE476363D priority patent/BE476363A/xx
Priority to BE476364D priority patent/BE476364A/xx
Priority to GB13667/46A priority patent/GB618061A/en
Priority to GB16676/47A priority patent/GB602160A/en
Priority to US683772A priority patent/US2448060A/en
Priority to FR943206D priority patent/FR943206A/fr
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Priority to US765818A priority patent/US2566245A/en
Priority to FR983991D priority patent/FR983991A/fr
Priority to CH285167D priority patent/CH285167A/fr
Priority to CH285163D priority patent/CH285163A/fr
Priority to CH278967D priority patent/CH278967A/fr
Priority to CH285168D priority patent/CH285168A/fr
Priority to CH285162D priority patent/CH285162A/fr
Priority to US792842A priority patent/US2566263A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2566245A publication Critical patent/US2566245A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
    • G03C1/09—Noble metals or mercury; Salts or compounds thereof; Sulfur, selenium or tellurium, or compounds thereof, e.g. for chemical sensitising

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fogwinhibiting agents and stabilizers for' photographlc emulsionsand to photographic emulsions containing: them.-
  • photographic-emulsions par' ticularly ultra-sensitive emulsions orthose con-- taining coloring sensitizers exhibit: a tendency to form a deposit of silver in the emulsionr This deposit extends more orless uniformly overthe entire emulsion and is known as fog.
  • Photo- 11 Claims, (01. 95-7) graphic fog is of two types: Eocal' andgeneralt Local fog is formed by exposure 01? the-film or: plate at undesired points aszby a little leak in General fog or as itris sometimes known chemical fog is formed in anumber of;
  • lAstilllxfurthernobiject is to provide anti-fogging agents which, improve the keeping of the-emulsion-in tropical: regions. Other objectswill appear ⁇ from the fol-:.
  • n. :..w ich R is hydrogen or an alkali metal.
  • X is a halogen atom.
  • X is a
  • halogen atom such. as chlorine or bromine
  • Suitable compounds are ammonium chloropalammonium chlororhodate,v (NI-I4) zRhCls; ammonium, chlororuthenate, (NHQaQRuCls) ammonium chloroplatinate,
  • the fog-inhibiting agents stabilize the. sensitive emulsion when the photographic element is kept for long periods of time under conditions of high temperature or humidity or both, in the same way as when the agents are used in the sensitive emulsion itself.
  • fog inhibiting-agents of our invention when used a in a. layer such as a gelatin layer contiguous to the sensitive emulsion layer, are used in the same amounts as they would be used, if incorporated In other .words, the amount of fog inhibitorper unit area of the subbing layer or overcoating layer should be the Original 6 days at 120 F. 12 days at 120 F. g 1 mo. tropical (NHdrPdClo grams perdkg.
  • emulsitized emulsions In addition to being useiul in ordinary non-sensitized emulsions they may also be used in ortho-chromatic, panchromatic and X-ray emulsions. If used with sensitizing dyes, they ma-y be added to the emulsion before or after the dyes are added.
  • Various silver salts may be used as the sensitive salt such as silver bromide, silver iodide, silver chloride and mixtures of these.
  • the dispersing agents may be gelatin or other colloid such as collodion, albumen, cellulose organic derivatives or synthetic resins.
  • a stabilized silver halide emulsion containin silver halide as the sole sensitive ingredient and containing from 0.25 gram to 3.9 grams per kilogram of silver nitrate of a salt having the structure where R is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal and ammonium.
  • a sensitive photographic element comprising a stabilized silver halide emulsion layer containing silver halide as the sole sensitive ingredient and a gelatin layer contiguous to said emulsion layer, one of said layers containing, per unit area of said layer, from 0.25 gram to 3.9 grams per kilogram of silver nitrate used in making the emulsion in the same unit area of said layer, of a compound having the structure where M is a metal of the platinum group other than osmium, X is a halogen atom, and R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, ammonium, and alkali metals.
  • a sensitive photographic element comprising a stabilized silver halide emulsion layer contain ing silver halide as the sole sensitive ingredient and a gelatin la er contiguous to said emulsion layer, one of said layers containing, per unit area of said layer, from 0.25 gram to 3.9 grams per kilogram of silver nitrate used in making the emulsion in the same unit area of said layer, of ammonium chloropalladate.
  • a sensitive photographic element comprising a stabilized silver halide emulsion layer containing silver halide as the sole sensitive ingredient and a gelatin layer contiguous to said emulsion layer, one of said layers containing, per unit area of said layer, from 0.25 gram to 3.9 grams per kilogram of silver nitrate used in making the emulsion in the same unit area of said layer, of ammonium chloroiridate.
  • a sensitive photographic element comprising a stabilized silver halide emulsion layer containing silver halide as the sole sensitive ingredient and a gelatin layer over and in contact with said emulsion layer, said gelatin overcoating layer containing, per unit area of said gelatin layer, from 0.25 gram to 3.9 grams per kilogram of silver nitrate used in making the emulsion in the same unit area of said gelatin layer, of ammonium chloropalladate.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US765818A 1945-08-30 1947-08-02 Complex compounds of the platinum group as photographic fog inhibitors Expired - Lifetime US2566245A (en)

Priority Applications (21)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL69268D NL69268C (zh) 1945-08-30
FR57512D FR57512E (fr) 1945-08-30 Perfectionnements aux produits antivoile pour les émulsions photographiques
NL69270D NL69270C (zh) 1945-08-30
BE470282D BE470282A (zh) 1945-08-30
NL69470D NL69470C (zh) 1945-08-30
NL69269D NL69269C (zh) 1945-08-30
BE476363D BE476363A (zh) 1945-08-30
BE476364D BE476364A (zh) 1945-08-30
NL69271D NL69271C (zh) 1945-08-30
GB13667/46A GB618061A (en) 1945-08-30 1946-05-06 Improvements in sensitive photographic materials
GB16676/47A GB602160A (en) 1945-08-30 1946-06-14 Improvements in sensitive photographic materials
US683772A US2448060A (en) 1945-08-30 1946-07-15 Photographic emulsions sensitized with salts of metals of group viii of the periodicarrangement of the elements
FR943206D FR943206A (fr) 1945-08-30 1946-08-30 Perfectionnements aux produits antivoile pour les émulsions photographiques
US765818A US2566245A (en) 1945-08-30 1947-08-02 Complex compounds of the platinum group as photographic fog inhibitors
FR983991D FR983991A (fr) 1945-08-30 1947-08-07 émulsions photographiques sensibilisées
CH285167D CH285167A (fr) 1945-08-30 1947-11-21 Emulsion photographique stable aux halogénures d'argent et procédé de préparation de cette émulsion.
CH285163D CH285163A (fr) 1945-08-30 1947-11-21 Emulsion photographique stable aux halogénures d'argent et procédé de préparation de cette émulsion.
CH278967D CH278967A (fr) 1945-08-30 1947-11-21 Emulsion photographique stable aux halogénures d'argent, et procédé de préparation de cette émulsion.
CH285168D CH285168A (fr) 1945-08-30 1947-11-21 Emulsion photographique stable aux halogénures d'argent, et procédé de préparation de cette émulsion.
CH285162D CH285162A (fr) 1945-08-30 1947-11-21 Emulsion photographique stable, aux halogénures d'argent, et procédé de préparation de cette émulsion.
US792842A US2566263A (en) 1945-08-30 1947-12-19 Stabilizing photographic emulsions with chloropalladites and chloroplatinites

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61370045A 1945-08-30 1945-08-30
US68723946A 1946-07-30 1946-07-30
US765818A US2566245A (en) 1945-08-30 1947-08-02 Complex compounds of the platinum group as photographic fog inhibitors
US792842A US2566263A (en) 1945-08-30 1947-12-19 Stabilizing photographic emulsions with chloropalladites and chloroplatinites

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2566245A true US2566245A (en) 1951-08-28

Family

ID=27505115

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US765818A Expired - Lifetime US2566245A (en) 1945-08-30 1947-08-02 Complex compounds of the platinum group as photographic fog inhibitors
US792842A Expired - Lifetime US2566263A (en) 1945-08-30 1947-12-19 Stabilizing photographic emulsions with chloropalladites and chloroplatinites

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US792842A Expired - Lifetime US2566263A (en) 1945-08-30 1947-12-19 Stabilizing photographic emulsions with chloropalladites and chloroplatinites

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US2566245A (zh)
BE (3) BE476363A (zh)
CH (5) CH285167A (zh)
FR (3) FR943206A (zh)
GB (2) GB618061A (zh)
NL (5) NL69271C (zh)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3023102A (en) * 1957-09-24 1962-02-27 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Direct positive photographic emulsion
US3790390A (en) * 1970-12-30 1974-02-05 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photographic silver halide light-sensitive materials
US4247617A (en) * 1979-05-11 1981-01-27 Polaroid Corporation Silver diffusion transfer film unit transparency
EP0124795A2 (en) 1983-04-11 1984-11-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion
US4617258A (en) * 1982-04-09 1986-10-14 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic material
EP0244200A2 (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-11-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Silver halide photographic materials
EP0336427A1 (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-11 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY (a New Jersey corporation) Photographic emulsions containing internally modified silver halide grains
EP0336425A1 (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-11 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY (a New Jersey corporation) Photographic emulsions containing internally modified silver halide grains
EP0336426A1 (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-11 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY (a New Jersey corporation) Photographic emulsions containing internally modified silver halide grains
WO1989012847A1 (en) * 1988-06-20 1989-12-28 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic material protected against hydrogen cyanide gas
US4902611A (en) * 1989-01-06 1990-02-20 Leubner Ingo H Preparation of silver halide emulsions containing iridium
US5021336A (en) * 1987-04-11 1991-06-04 Agfa Gevaert Aktiengesellschaft Color photographic material
US5314670A (en) * 1991-10-30 1994-05-24 Eastman Kodak Company Recovery of rhodium values
US5582957A (en) * 1995-03-28 1996-12-10 Eastman Kodak Company Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions
US5614360A (en) * 1994-12-16 1997-03-25 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element and coating composition
US5650265A (en) * 1995-12-22 1997-07-22 Eastman Kodak Company Silver halide light-sensitive element
US5811226A (en) * 1996-03-14 1998-09-22 Eastman Kodak Company Method of processing a silver halide photographic element which reduces fog
EP0945755A1 (en) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-29 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. A photosensitive image-forming element containing silver halide cristals internally modified with a metal-halogen-fluorine complex
US6197485B1 (en) * 1992-11-12 2001-03-06 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company Photographic assemblage comprising a silver halide photographic element sealed in a closed vessel
US6284450B1 (en) 1998-03-25 2001-09-04 Agfa-Gevaert Photosensitive image-forming element containing silver halide crystals internally modified with a metal-halogen-fluorine-complex
US20060057509A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2006-03-16 Konica Minolta Photo Imaging, Inc. Silver halide photosensitive material and image forming method therefor
WO2012035314A1 (en) 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv Photographic paper
WO2021213762A1 (en) 2020-04-24 2021-10-28 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv Photographic paper

Families Citing this family (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3508925A (en) * 1967-09-08 1970-04-28 Eastman Kodak Co Method for preparing gelatino emulsions containing latexes and polyvalent salts and products obtained thereby
FR2296204A1 (fr) * 1974-12-27 1976-07-23 Kodak Pathe Nouvelles emulsions negatives aux halogenures d'argent protegees contre la desensibilisation par pression
US4102312A (en) * 1975-10-30 1978-07-25 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Thermally developable light-sensitive materials
JPS5969754A (ja) 1982-10-14 1984-04-20 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd ハロゲン化銀カラ−感光材料
JPS59137946A (ja) 1983-01-28 1984-08-08 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd ハロゲン化銀感光材料
JPS60143331A (ja) 1983-12-29 1985-07-29 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料
JPS61245151A (ja) 1985-04-23 1986-10-31 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料
JPS61250643A (ja) 1985-04-30 1986-11-07 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料
JPS61250645A (ja) 1985-04-30 1986-11-07 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料
DE3682128D1 (de) 1985-07-17 1991-11-28 Konishiroku Photo Ind Photographisches silberhalogenidmaterial.
DE3782351T2 (de) 1986-03-25 1993-05-27 Konishiroku Photo Ind Lichtempfindliches photographisches silberhalogenidmaterial, das fuer schnelle entwicklung verwendbar ist.
DE69131785T2 (de) 1990-08-20 2000-05-11 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Datenbehaltendes photographisches Filmerzeugnis und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Farbbildes
JP2824717B2 (ja) 1992-07-10 1998-11-18 富士写真フイルム株式会社 ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料の処理方法
EP0589460B1 (en) 1992-09-24 2000-08-09 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Method for processing a black & white silver halide light-sensitive material
JP3616130B2 (ja) * 1993-06-04 2005-02-02 イーストマン コダック カンパニー 感赤外線性光熱写真ハロゲン化銀要素及び画像形成性媒体の露光方法
US5492805A (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Blocked leuco dyes for photothermographic elements
US5492804A (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Chromogenic leuco redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements
US5928857A (en) * 1994-11-16 1999-07-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Photothermographic element with improved adherence between layers
US5492803A (en) * 1995-01-06 1996-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Hydrazide redox-dye-releasing compounds for photothermographic elements
US5891615A (en) * 1997-04-08 1999-04-06 Imation Corp. Chemical sensitization of photothermographic silver halide emulsions
US5939249A (en) * 1997-06-24 1999-08-17 Imation Corp. Photothermographic element with iridium and copper doped silver halide grains
JP2006247858A (ja) 2005-03-08 2006-09-21 Konica Minolta Medical & Graphic Inc 印刷方法、版下シート材料および印刷版材料の装着方法
JP2007041376A (ja) 2005-08-04 2007-02-15 Fujifilm Holdings Corp ハロゲン化銀感光材料およびそれを包含する包装体
US7524621B2 (en) 2007-09-21 2009-04-28 Carestream Health, Inc. Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps
US7622247B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2009-11-24 Carestream Health, Inc. Protective overcoats for thermally developable materials
US9335623B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2016-05-10 Carestream Health, Inc. Thermally developable imaging materials
US9523915B2 (en) 2014-11-04 2016-12-20 Carestream Health, Inc. Image forming materials, preparations, and compositions
US9746770B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2017-08-29 Carestream Health, Inc. Thermally developable imaging materials and methods
WO2017123444A1 (en) 2016-01-15 2017-07-20 Carestream Health, Inc. Method of preparing silver carboxylate soaps

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1120580A (en) * 1913-09-22 1914-12-08 William Willis Sensitive photographic paper and process of making the same.
US1120429A (en) * 1913-09-22 1914-12-08 William Willis Process for the production of photographic prints.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1120580A (en) * 1913-09-22 1914-12-08 William Willis Sensitive photographic paper and process of making the same.
US1120429A (en) * 1913-09-22 1914-12-08 William Willis Process for the production of photographic prints.

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3023102A (en) * 1957-09-24 1962-02-27 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Direct positive photographic emulsion
US3790390A (en) * 1970-12-30 1974-02-05 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photographic silver halide light-sensitive materials
US4247617A (en) * 1979-05-11 1981-01-27 Polaroid Corporation Silver diffusion transfer film unit transparency
US4617258A (en) * 1982-04-09 1986-10-14 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic material
EP0124795A2 (en) 1983-04-11 1984-11-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion
EP0244200A3 (en) * 1986-04-28 1989-02-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Silver halide photographic materials
EP0244200A2 (en) * 1986-04-28 1987-11-04 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Silver halide photographic materials
US5021336A (en) * 1987-04-11 1991-06-04 Agfa Gevaert Aktiengesellschaft Color photographic material
EP0336427A1 (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-11 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY (a New Jersey corporation) Photographic emulsions containing internally modified silver halide grains
EP0336425A1 (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-11 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY (a New Jersey corporation) Photographic emulsions containing internally modified silver halide grains
EP0336426A1 (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-10-11 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY (a New Jersey corporation) Photographic emulsions containing internally modified silver halide grains
WO1989012847A1 (en) * 1988-06-20 1989-12-28 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic material protected against hydrogen cyanide gas
US4892808A (en) * 1988-06-20 1990-01-09 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic material protected against hydrogen cyanide gas
US4902611A (en) * 1989-01-06 1990-02-20 Leubner Ingo H Preparation of silver halide emulsions containing iridium
US5314670A (en) * 1991-10-30 1994-05-24 Eastman Kodak Company Recovery of rhodium values
US6197485B1 (en) * 1992-11-12 2001-03-06 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company Photographic assemblage comprising a silver halide photographic element sealed in a closed vessel
US5614360A (en) * 1994-12-16 1997-03-25 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element and coating composition
US5582957A (en) * 1995-03-28 1996-12-10 Eastman Kodak Company Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions
US5650265A (en) * 1995-12-22 1997-07-22 Eastman Kodak Company Silver halide light-sensitive element
US5811226A (en) * 1996-03-14 1998-09-22 Eastman Kodak Company Method of processing a silver halide photographic element which reduces fog
US5935771A (en) * 1996-03-14 1999-08-10 Eastman Kodak Company Method of processing a silver halide photographic element which reduces fog
EP0945755A1 (en) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-29 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. A photosensitive image-forming element containing silver halide cristals internally modified with a metal-halogen-fluorine complex
US6284450B1 (en) 1998-03-25 2001-09-04 Agfa-Gevaert Photosensitive image-forming element containing silver halide crystals internally modified with a metal-halogen-fluorine-complex
US20060057509A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2006-03-16 Konica Minolta Photo Imaging, Inc. Silver halide photosensitive material and image forming method therefor
US7163785B2 (en) 2002-11-20 2007-01-16 Konica Minolta Photo Imaging, Inc. Silver halide photosensitive material and image forming method therefor
WO2012035314A1 (en) 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv Photographic paper
WO2021213762A1 (en) 2020-04-24 2021-10-28 Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe Bv Photographic paper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR983991A (fr) 1951-06-29
CH285163A (fr) 1952-08-31
GB618061A (en) 1949-02-16
NL69470C (zh)
BE470282A (zh)
CH285168A (fr) 1952-08-31
BE476363A (zh)
FR943206A (fr) 1949-03-02
NL69271C (zh) 1900-01-01
CH278967A (fr) 1951-11-15
GB602160A (en) 1948-05-20
CH285167A (fr) 1952-08-31
FR57512E (fr) 1953-01-29
NL69269C (zh)
BE476364A (zh)
NL69268C (zh)
CH285162A (fr) 1952-08-31
US2566263A (en) 1951-08-28
NL69270C (zh) 1900-01-01

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