US2538964A - Heating system - Google Patents

Heating system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2538964A
US2538964A US766372A US76637247A US2538964A US 2538964 A US2538964 A US 2538964A US 766372 A US766372 A US 766372A US 76637247 A US76637247 A US 76637247A US 2538964 A US2538964 A US 2538964A
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United States
Prior art keywords
temperature
water
steam
condensate
conduit
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Expired - Lifetime
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US766372A
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English (en)
Inventor
Etzelt Heinrich
Nemetz Valerie
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from US763799A external-priority patent/US2538864A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0036—Means for heating only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process and a device for utilizing the condensate of steam heating plants, in particular in railway carriages.
  • the invention has for its object to recuperate, particularly in railway carriages, the water of condensation of a steam heating plant to a very high degree by new and simple means, by delivering it to a hot water tank by the pressure of the steam in the system whereby an excess of water is discharged by way of overflow from the tank.
  • the condensate may be taken from the steam main which is usually underneath the railway car or from the radiator system inside thecar.
  • the condensate may be used to fill the service water containers of the washing installations and the lavatories during the cold season.
  • the condensate is very soft and neither scale nor incrustations are deposited, and the fittings are well preserved.
  • the condensate may be used to feed a hot water heating system in the railway carriages.
  • the condensate is forced from the steam heating plant by the steam pressure acting on it into the hot water tank from the lower part of the steam plant.
  • the delivery may be also effected by an injector operated with live steam and sucking the condensate from the lower part of the steam heating plant and conveying it, mixed with the injector steam, through a delivery conduit to the hot water tank.
  • the delivery conduit is, according to the invention, closed by a control device exposed to the medium to be delivered, as soon as steam is delivered instead of condensate. According to the adjustment of the temperature responsive device, steam or excessively hot condensate is prevented from flowing into the delivery line.
  • the temperature sensitive device may consist of an expansion.
  • a thermostat operated switch may be provided for closing an electric circuit for an electromagnetic control device for a shut off valve. The latter case presents the advantage of a greater constructive freedom.
  • the valve controlled by the temperature sensitive device which is exposed to the temperature prevailing in the delivery line will, in general, directly close the delivery line so as to interrupt delivery itself.
  • the delivery of the condensate may also be interrupted by preventing the supply of steam to the steam heating plant, the condensate of which is to be utilized, whereby the closing device is arranged at the inlet at the heating plant and the temperature sensitive device at the outlet thereof.
  • the temperature of the heating surfaces can, in this simple manner, be regulated in dependence on the temperature of the condensate, whereby at the same time the delivery of the water to the hot water tank is also suitably regulated.
  • the regulation may be adjusted in such a manner that only water of a temperature below a predetermined value is forced by the steam pressure of the steam heating installation into the hot water tank. Upon exhaustion of the condensate in the heating system the temperature responsive device will close the steam inlet valve until a suflicient quantity of water of condensation of adequate temperature will again have been formed andsupply of water to the hot water tank may be resumed.
  • the invention provides for interruption of supply of the surplus water in dependence on the temperature of the water flowing over from the hot water tank.
  • a valve is interposed in the conduit between the lower part of the steam heating plant and the hot water tank which valve is controlled by a device depending on the temperature of the overflow water which device may be an expansion body or a contact thermometer adapted to close the valve when a specified temperature limit below the steam temperature is exceeded.
  • the conduit connecting the lower part of the steam installation and the hot water tank is already provided with an electro-magnetically controlled valve, it sumces to control the current by a second contact thermometer connected in parallel to the contact thermometer which is exposed to the temperature of the water in said connecting conduit.
  • This second contact thermometer is exposed to the temperature of the overhow water and is so adjusted as to close the valve in said conduit at a lower temperature than does the contact thermometer exposed to the water in the conduit.
  • the two contact thermometers controlling the current in the electromagnetically operated valve will prevent in a most simple manner supply of excessively hot water or steam to the hot water tank. On the other hand this arrangement also prevents overflow of hot water from the tank.
  • a shut off valve is provided in the drain pipe of the hot water tank, and controlled by a device responsive to the water temperature in the overflow pipe, e. g. by an expansion member. This valve will be opened w en the temperature in the drain pipe drops 1 or] a predetermined value and cold water is discharged into the open until a water of sufilcient temperature will again reach the expansion member and cause it to close the valve.
  • a mechanical device may be added for manually opening the overflow valve.
  • condensate may be supplied to the service water tank from the steam heating plant by way of an installation utilizing heat, especially a hot water heating system.
  • the water of condensation is fed into the service water cont iner already at the correct temperature.
  • one or more hot water radiators may be inserted. These may be used for heating the auxiliary rooms oi the railway carriage, for example the corridor or the toilet, and. may be dimensioned in such a manner that from the water of condensation delivered from the steam heating system to the ervice water container, such a quantity of heat is removed that it arrives at the service water system cooled down to a suitable temperature.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates, diagrammatically, a system according to the invention in which the con- Ill 4 densate of the main steam conduit is delivered in to a service water container.
  • FIG. 2 diagrammatically illustrates a system according to the invention in which the condensate of a steam heating installation is delivered into a service water container.
  • Fig. 3 shows, diagrammatically, a system in which the water of condensation is supplied to a service water container by way of a number of hot water radiators.
  • a main steam conduit l conducts steam from the locomotive through the whole train.
  • Conduit I is fitted with a trap 2 having a lower part 3 in which the condensate collects.
  • the steam pressure in the trap 2 forces the condensate through conduit 4 to tank IS.
  • a valve 1 I controlled by an expansion member I2 is inserted in the conduit 4.
  • the water flowing through the connecting line 4 heats the expansion member which is so adjusted as to close the valve H at the desired temperature.
  • This temperature will be lower than the temperature of the steam which, after the exhaustion of the water in the lower part 3 of the vessel 2, may penetrate from the line I into the line 4. Therefore, only water of a predetermined temperature can be forced from the lower part 3 of trap 2 to the service water container 13.
  • the tank may be provided with a drain l4 provided with a valve [6 which is controlled by an expansion member 15.
  • Said expansion body i5 is adjusted in such a manner that it opens the valve l0 when the temperature in conduit M drops to a predetermined value which is considerably lower than the temperature which closes valve N. If the temperature in the drain pipe l4 and consequently that of the expansion member l5 drops below that value, the water of the service water container [3, which is too cold, flows into the open by wa of the valve it, until the hot water following will have reheated the expansion body 15, and will have closed the valve l6.
  • the expansion member l2 the temperature of the water supplied to the service water container [3 can be limited, whereas by adjusting the expansion member [5 the temperature of the water in the container 13 can be prevented from dropping below a predetermined value.
  • a valve '29 is inserted in conduit 4 and controlled by an expansion member 3 which is exposed to the temperature of the water in the overflow line H3, and is so adjusted that it will close the passage through conduit 4 at a predetermined temperature which is lower than the temperature at which the expansion member l2 closes valve ll.
  • water is withdrawn from the steam installation only till the tank I3 is completely filled.
  • H and 29 one electrically controlled valve only may be installed and the elements l2 and 36 may be replaced by thermostats which actuate switches arran ed in parallel in the c rcuit for operating the single valve, similarly to the arrangement of thermostats 35 and 38 in theembodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 2 which will be described hereafter.
  • FIG. 2 A modification of the invention is shown in Fig. 2.
  • thesteam plant is represented by a radiator [9 which is supplied with steam from the high pressure steam conduit 2
  • Said expansion member 23 is exposed to the temperature of the water of condensation in cylinder 25 disposed below the steam heating system 59, and prevents, by an adequate control of the valve 24, water of too high a temperature or even steam from flowing into the hot water tank i3 by Way of the connecting conduit i in which cylinder 25 is inserted.
  • the passage of water through the drain pipe 14 of the hot water tank [3 is governed by a valve 3 which is automatically opened by an electro-magnet t when the contact thermometer 36, exposed to the temperature of the drain pipe 18, closes the control circuit to the electromagnet
  • This contact thermometer 36 is adjusted in such a manner that the electro-magnet 35 is excited and the valve 34 is opened when the temperature of the water in the drain pipe is drops below a predetermined value.
  • a mechanical hand adjusting device i. e, a lever 32 is additionally provided for the electro-magnetically controlled valve 34 so as to make it possible to empty the hot water tank l3 at any moment.
  • a mechanical hand adjusting device i. e, a lever 32 is additionally provided for the electro-magnetically controlled valve 34 so as to make it possible to empty the hot water tank l3 at any moment.
  • a second contact thermometer 3-8 is connected to a source of electric current in parallel to the contact thermometer 36.
  • the contact thermometer 38 is exposed to the water temperature in the overflow pipe is, and controls a circuit containing a heating coil 39 located in the expansion member 23 of the steam inlet valve 24 of the heating system 59. If hot water flows through the overflow pipe i I ⁇ , the contact thermometer 38 will, when it reaches the temperature to which it is adjusted, switch-on the heating coil 39 which heats the expansion member 23 to close the steam inlet valve 2 whereby supply of water to the tank I3 is interrupted.
  • the invention is applied to the low pressure steam heating sy tem of a railway carriage which is supplied with high pressure steam from the main line i located below the carriage by way of a Water separating trap 2 and conduit d.
  • the high pressure steam enters the low pressure steam heating system through a conventional regulator head M which contains a conventional throttle valve of a type controlled by an expansion memher. After the steam pressure is reduced the steam passes through a looped conduit 45 and returns to the regulator head 44 through a cylinder $5 in which an expansion element is located which controls the steam valve in the same maner as devices 23, 2 3 in Fig. 2.
  • the live steam entering the heating system through the head id circulates continuously through the radiators l? connected to the loop 45.
  • Cylinder at is disposed at the lowest point of the system where condensate collects. Therefrom a pipe line conducts the water first to a hot water radiator d9 heating the corridor of the.
  • An apparatus for utilizing the condensate of the steam heating system of a railway car com prising a general utility Water storage tank disposed at a higher elevation than said heating system, and a conduit connected with said heating system and terminating in said storage tank for conducting condensate from said heating system by means of the steam pressure in said system to said storage tank.
  • An apparatus as defined in claim 1, comprising a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the condensate in said conduit, a valve connected to and actuated by said thermostat and interposed in said conduit for controlling the flow of condensate through said conduit into said storage tank in dependence on the temperature of said thermostat.
  • An apparatus as set forth in claim 2, comprising a hot water heating system interposed in said conduit for conducting the condensate therethrough before it is discharged into said storage tank.
  • An apparatus as defined in claim 1, comprising a discharge conduit connected with the lowest point of said tank, a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the condensate in said discharge conduit, and a discharge valve disposed in said discharge conduit and connected with said thermostat to be opened when the temperature of the condensate in said conduit falls below a predetermined value.
  • An apparatus as set forth in claim 4, comprising manipulating means connected with said discharge valve for opening same by hand.
  • An apparatus for utilizing the condensate of the steam heating system of a railway car comprising hot water service conduit means connected with said heating system and adapted to receive condensate therefrom, and a service water storage tank interposed in said conduit means and disposed at an elevation above that of said heating system.
  • An apparatus as set forth in claim 6, comprising an overflow conduit connected with said tank, a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the condensate in said overflow conduit, and valve means interposed in said conduit means and connected with said thermostat for interrupting flow of condensate to said tank at a predetermined temperature of the condensate in said overflow conduit.
  • said conduit means having a portion interconnecting said heating system and said tank for condensate flow, a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the condensate in said portion, an overflow conduit connected with said tank, a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the condensate in said overflow conduit, and a valve disposed in said portion and connected with both said thermostats for interrupting condensate flow through said portion at atpredetermined temperature of said thermostats.
  • said conduit means having a portion interconnecting said heating system and said tank for condensate flow, a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the condensate in said portion, an overflow conduit connected with said tank, a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the condensate in said overflow conduit, and a valve disposed in said portion and forming part of said first thermostat and adapted to interrupt condensate flow through said portion at a predetermined temperature of said first thermostat, an electric heating coil connected with said first thermostat, a switch interposed in the circuit of said heating coil and connected with said second thermostat for closing the circuit and heating said first thermostat and c1osing said valve at a predetermined temperature of said second thermostat.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
US766372A 1940-12-09 1947-08-05 Heating system Expired - Lifetime US2538964A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF89195D DE739639C (de) 1940-12-09 1940-12-09 Einrichtung zur Verwertung des Niederschlagwassers einer Dampfheizung fuer Schienenfahrzeuge
US763799A US2538864A (en) 1947-07-26 1947-07-26 Inking pad for stencil duplicating machines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2538964A true US2538964A (en) 1951-01-23

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US766372A Expired - Lifetime US2538964A (en) 1940-12-09 1947-08-05 Heating system

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US (1) US2538964A (fr)
BE (2) BE447342A (fr)
DE (1) DE739639C (fr)
FR (3) FR877632A (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US508132A (en) * 1893-11-07 Edward e
US572254A (en) * 1896-12-01 Oab heating apparatus
US1402063A (en) * 1919-07-01 1922-01-03 Gold Car Heating & Lighting Co Heating system for railway cars
US1583136A (en) * 1922-12-06 1926-05-04 Firm Alex Friedmann Means for the removal of water of condensation from steam pipes
US1702431A (en) * 1929-02-19 Louis feiedmann

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT99724B (de) * 1921-03-02 1925-04-25 Friedmann Alex Fa Vorrichtung zur Entwässerung der Hauptleitung bei Eisenbahnwagenheizungen.
AT97734B (de) * 1923-03-14 1924-09-10 Robert Ing Engels Einrichtung zur selbsttätigen Entwässerung der Dampfzuleitungen von Dampfheizungen.
US1962214A (en) * 1933-04-26 1934-06-12 Vapor Car Heating Co Inc Hot water temperature regulator
AT141948B (de) * 1934-04-09 1935-06-11 Friedmann Alex Fa Einrichtung zum Anwärmen des Wassers in den Nutzwasserbehältern von Eisenbahnwagen.
AT145558B (de) * 1934-04-09 1936-05-11 Friedmann Alex Fa Einrichtung zum Anwärmen des Wassers in den Nutzwasserbehältern von Eisenbahnwagen.
DE646934C (de) * 1935-02-06 1937-06-24 Naamlooze Vennootschap Machine Kondensatrueckspeiseeinrichtung fuer Dampfheizungen, insbesondere in Eisenbahnfahrzeugen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US508132A (en) * 1893-11-07 Edward e
US572254A (en) * 1896-12-01 Oab heating apparatus
US1702431A (en) * 1929-02-19 Louis feiedmann
US1402063A (en) * 1919-07-01 1922-01-03 Gold Car Heating & Lighting Co Heating system for railway cars
US1583136A (en) * 1922-12-06 1926-05-04 Firm Alex Friedmann Means for the removal of water of condensation from steam pipes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE739639C (de) 1943-10-01
BE447342A (fr) 1942-10-31
FR877632A (fr) 1942-12-11
FR52940E (fr) 1945-08-24
BE450688A (fr) 1943-06-30
FR52564E (fr) 1945-04-30

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