US2508458A - Incinerator provided with drying chamber - Google Patents

Description

hy 23, 1950 A. H. HEIMBACH INCINERATOR PROVIDED WITH DRYING CHAMBER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 8, 1944 ZEJ.

May 23, 1950 A. H. HEIMBACH INCINERATOR PROVIDED WITH DRYING CHAMBER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 8, 1944 6. Z rJ Patented May 23, 1950 -I'NCINERA'PGR PROVIDED WITH DRYING" GHAMBER litter-i H. 'n'i'nibae h,Auenmwm'm.

application A res, 1944. swarm. 530,142

4 Claims.

This invention refers toincineratorsand.more

particularly to an improvedconstruction of the garbage drying chamber i and furnace construction. It has-among. its-objects tolprovidez anearrangement that will moreeefiiciently .incinerate the material to be disp'osed lof, Another object is to provide a :system --of :ntilizingaccumulated heat in the furnace =touproduce-aamore= effective action and speedier burningofi the material there-- in. A furtherobjectisto have-thafurnace suitable f or the burning -of -.oil,egaseousa or apowclered fuel in the incinerating of :the garbage or rubbish fed to the-furnace.

With these I and .other incidental objects in view this invention :consists in :certain .novel features of construction and combination of. parts, the essential elements of-which-are hereinafter described in an illustrationfof therinvention outlined in the-attached drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan vieW bfan incinerator illustrating an embodiment of this invention;

Figure 2 is a sectionalielevation taken along line 2--'-2 of Figure- 1;

Figure 3 is :a sectionalielevation taken'ialong line 33 of Figure 1, and

Figure 4 is an elevational VieWrpartly in=section taken along line 4--4'ofFigure. 2.

Similar reference' characters refer "to similar parts throughout the drawings:

In the construction indicated, 1 :represents brick-work or masonryfor-mingthebody of the incinerator. It is set on a: suitable foundation .2. The furnace drying chamber consists of asection'3 of the masonry between -the front wall 4 and a bridge wall 5. -The-entrance fi-to this section consists of an opening in the wall-4 in which an oil burning unit 1 is installed. The flames 3| from thelatter pass horizontally through the section over the pit space 8. This. pit space has a draft door 9 provided close tothe level of the floor Ill, and is locateddirectly under the burner unit, as shown. 7 A transversely arcuate drying plate ll preferably of castiron is located across the section 3 just above the'burnerunit-and slanting downwardly towards-thebridge wall 5 at a slight horizontal angle -an: opening l2: from the section over the pitspace 8 serves asan outlet for the burning:gasesandflames from the-unit 1 andis taperedby the top-surface I3- of the bridge wall and that-Ofthe-drying plate. There.

is a space M left in the :openingabove the drying plate to allow the dried'rubbish to be moved through--tothe combustion chamber-I5 of-the incinerator. This chaznberv opens directly under the chimney 16 through which theburning gases flow to i the outsidevatrnosphere.

A gratellior catching therubbish as it moves into this chem-- her is provided in thelatter at a. level below the opening l2, but closevenough to be heated-rand yet allow a suitable! accumulation of driedwmae terial to be burnt. The purpose of this is to provide for self-combustion .of thematerial use of its heat to. reduce the consumption of; the fuel from'the unitfl. .-An.-auxilia ry burner unit it is provided inttherear wallrlilrof the coinbustion chamber :iorefacilitating the work when special conditions require: theause of :same. The dryingichamber isimade relatively high to.f.aci-litate the evaporation .of-..the moisture out of-the garbage and 'r-ubbish injected abovethainspectionand draft-door 2llzinathefront wall. -Relatively small openings :2l are arranged in the breach wall nearthe ceiling 2.2 ,ofthis drying space to allow theescape of-theevaporated moisture and its further heatingeon-itsway to the chimney and mixture withthe combustion gases. The main .dum-pingmmanhole .l231-iorthe insertion of the rubbish is provided in the .ceiling structure. of this drying -chamber. In .the ..-case Oran-apartment house..or..hote1, the provision of receivingfdoors 24.115 made at.each.fioor,.-level for the purpose .of (taking the .rubbish .therefrom. The drying .plate I is preferably ribbed v,as shown at 25, at right angles to 'theQdirec'tion offlow of the 'flames from theburning .unit "I. This is'to increase.itsabsorptiomoi heatJand also to divert the flames downwardly as they. pass to the grate and chimney. Special bell-shapedstrainers2B of iron'are'insertedin the" back cornersfat the drying chamber floor level (which is the'top'surface of theplate) tcreliminate theaccumulation of rubbish clinker at these" locations.

I The, principles of the furnace 1 can be appredated" from a descrlptionbf" its operation. The burner unit 1 isiiirst'startedjto' heat up the drying pl'atell. 'Theiga'rbage or rubbishisthen dumped through theimanhole"23 on tothegplate, and thei'manholebov'er closed. 'Thefiames and heated gases I from the" burner continue. into the combustion chamber -and. rise ..up' through the chimney. "At the same time,Tthey heat, roast and ga's'ifyiany accumulations .on "the grate ll and cause it. to ignite -and'. burn. The. movement .05 these gases. createsi'suchaaidraft. in. the chimney that itidraws the moisture through the openings 2 I and. also draws .in-the dried material 38 from theupper surface of the; :plate; into the combustionchamber where .it contacts the. flames -3l from ether-burnerrunitiandeburns, while its hot ashes-Jdrop to thengrater l1 :below. Thesashes eventually are raked into the ash pit 21 below and taken out through the cleanout door 28. This latter door also is used for draft purposes. The strainers 26 in the corners get very hot during the process and make the rubbish in contact with it dry and powdery so it cannot cake there. If there is any considerable accumulation of water in the rubbish, it runs down to the soil pipes 29 opening under these perforated strainers and drain to the sewers below. This prevents such water from getting to the grate I1 and slowing.

up the combustion of the rubbish thereon. The

rear wall l9 and side walls 31 and 38 of the com-' level directly into the fire box for burning, the

bustion chamber is preferably restricted inwardly at 32 to induce a sweeping of the burning gases against the bridge wall, so it will heat same and draw more effectively on the vapors and gases to' be removed. The use of firebrick and other conventional construction to enable the brickwork to withstand the high temperatures and abrasive actions of the combustion etc. are provided for in the customary manner without being further detailed on the basis that they are well known to those in the art. A screen 46 on the upper end of stack It prevents sparks from flying over the place.

The incinerator is shut down by turning off the burner 1 and allowing the combustion of the materials on the grate to complete. The walls being hot, the plate being heated and having ample power to dry the material remaining on it; the drafts within the chambers being still effective, and the walls of the furnace having much residual heat, all serve to keep the incinerator effective until the last items of the rubbish and garbage are burned up. The arcuate construction of the drying plate has been found to be free from the danger of cracking and the effects of strainin the walls of the incinerator excessively during the variations in temperature from normal to combustion conditions, and more evenly distribute on the grate the materials to be burned.

While but one general form of the invention is shown in the drawings and described in the specifications, it is not desired to limit this application for patent to this particular form or in any other way otherwise than limited by the scope thereof, as it is appreciated that other forms of construction could be made that would use the same principles and come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described the inventionlwhat is claimed is: V

1. An incinerator comprising wall means defining a chamber, a partition extending across said chamber and dividing same into a fire box and a drying compartment, a chimney formed in the roof of said fire box for carrying off the fumes and also acting as a passage for feeding the material to be burned from a higher level directly into the fire box, said partition having an aperture therein providing communication between said fire box and said drying chamber, an inclined drying plate mounted between the front and partition walls with one end projecting through the aperture into the fire box at a point intermediate the top and bottom of said aperture and having the other end extending into said drying compartment, a fire grate positioned Within said fire box below said aperture to receive materials falling from said drying plate to beburned, said grate being positioned within Said fire box at a location that will divide the compartment into anash pit and a'burning'chamber, preheating .rear wall-above said fire box being racked towards the partition wall to form a restricted chimney opening for said fire box, said partition having an aperture therein providing communication between said fire box and said drying chamber, an inclined drying plate mounted between the front and partition walls with one end projecting through the aperture into the fire box at a point intermediate the top and bottom of said aperture and having the other end extending into said drying compartment, a fire grate positioned within said fire box below said aperture to receive materials falling from said drying plate to be burned, said grate dividing the com partment into an ash pit and a burning chamber, preheating means projecting through said front wall and located below the drying plate to evaporate the water vapor from the material upon the drying plate by the heat from the preheating means, means for feeding the material to be burned into the drying chamber, and ducts in the partition above the aperture and establishing communication between said drying chamber and said chimney for carrying off the vapor created by the drying plate and to allow same to pass out through the chimney.

3. An incinerator comprising front, rear and side walls defining a chamber, a partition extending vertically across said chamber and dividing same into a fire box and ash pit, and a drying compartment, a chimney formed in the roof of said fire box for carrying ofi the fumes and acting as a passage for feeding the material to be burned directly into said fire box from a higher elevation, said partition having an aperture therein providing communication between said fire box and said drying compartment, an inclined drying plate having one end received along the median line of said aperture to form upper and lower openings in said aperture, andsaid plate extending into said drying compartment between said partition and the front wall of the aforesaid chamber, preheating means projectin through the front wall of said chamber and located below said drying plate to evaporate moisture from the material lying on said plate ducts in said partition above the aperture establishing communication between said drying compartment and said chimney for carrying water vapor from the material on the drying plate and allowing same to pass up through the chimney, means providing access for cleaning thefire box and ash pit, and means to allow feeding of the material to 'be burned into the drying chamber.

4(An incinerator comprising front, rear and side walls defining a chamber,a partition extending vertically across said chamber and dividing same into a rear fire box and'a front drying compartment, a chimneycommunicating with said fire box at the top thereof, said partition forming a front enclosure for said chimney; said partition also havin an opening therein to allow the material to be burned to be fed therethrough into 5 said fire box, the roof of said fire box being restricted at its rear side where "it joins said chimney to control the passage of hot gases from said fire box, a fire grate disposed within said fire box and dividing it into an ash pit and a fire chamber, said partition having an aperture therein establishing communication between said fire box and said drying compartment, an inclined drying plate received along the median line of said aperture to form upper and lower openings, and extending into said drying compartment between said partition and the front wall of 2 the aforesaid chamber, preheating means projecting through said aforementioned front wall andlocated below the drying plate to evaporate the moisture from the material on said drying plate, ducts in said partition near the roof of the drying compartment and establishing communication between said drying compartment and said I: chimney for carrying water vapor from the material on the drying plate and allowing same to pass up through REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 986,954 Rudder Mar. 14, 1911 1,108,184 Kerner Aug. 25, 1914 1,439,675 McMahon Dec. 19, 1922 1,446,262 MacDonald Feb. 20, 1923 1,500,505 Lenk July 8, 1924 1,659,564 Duncan Feb. 21, 1928 5 1,817,033 Graver Aug. 4, 1931' 1,973,697 Bailey Sept. 18, 1934 2,114,257 Thomas Apr. 12, 1938

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