US1817033A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 4, 1931.

E. H. GRAVER INCINERATOR Filed March 11, '1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l F'IG.- 1

a aim Aug. 4, 1931. E. H. GRAVER 7,

INCINERATOR Filed March 11, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Zlmwmtoz "E. H. GRAVER ,817,033

INCINERAIOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 11, 1926 gwuentoz aka-Lump elevation of the incin ure 7 is a cross-sectional detail Patented Aug. 4, 1931 care-c res FATE NT orrrce iinwm'i-n GRAVER, or cnEv-ELANn; onro, ASSIGNOR 'IO BELLE B. GELLNER; Tavern-E, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO INCINER-ATOR Application fil ed March 11, 1928., Serial No. 93,827.

This invention is concerned with domestic refuse disposal apparatus and has for its general object the provision of a simple practical garbage incinerator which is adaptable for the incineration of garbage and other Waste materials. v

A further. object of my invention is the provision' of a garbage disposal apparatus of the character referred to embodying structural features directed to the trapping of the waste material to'be burned in a hot gas passageway oftheapparatus to effect a preliminary drying of the material before its final discharge into'the fire box.

A'stillfurther object of my invention is tli'e'provision of an incinerator which may be chargedwitli a volume ofrefuse material which i's'greatly in excess of the capacity of the firebox without any'cloggingof the passageways of tlie incinerator resulting therefrom; v I V F urther' objects of my'invention' will here inat'ter'be'mere fully set' forth in connection M with the description of the accompanying drawings. The essentialcharacteristics are summarized in' the claims. I I

In the drawings Figure'lis a side elevation of the incinerator embodying the features of my invention; Figure 2is a front erator; Figure 3: is" a cross-sectional side elevation of the incinerator taken substantially along the line 38 of Figure 2; Figure 4 is an enlarged crosssectional detail taken substantially along the line it' l of Figure 3; Figure 5 is a crosssectional view" similar to Figure 4 but taken along the line 55 of Figure 3 Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional detail talte1rsubstantially along the line 66 of Figure 1; Figtaken along the line 7+7'of Figure 1 and Figure 8 is a cross-sectional elevation of a modified form of an incinerator embodying the features of my invention. r 2

My invention contemplates the provision incinerator apparatus for the dispos'a'l begs, refusesuch as paper, lsim'ilar which Lccunn in apartmeans which will require aminimum degree of care, be simple'in' its operation and effective in the'disp'osal of the ga'rbagein a sanitary manner without permitting the escape of noxious odors and gases. It is now common practice to provide incinerators which have someform of trap or primary grate upon which the wet garbage is deposited above the incinerator the box whereby the garbage may be dried or desiccated before beingd e posited in the fir'e box. Such incinerators prove to be eflicient in destroying, the garbage but they not infrequently become clogged due to an overcharge of materials thereinto.

Inmy present invention, ,assho'wn in crosssection in Figure 3, I provide an inclined shelf, hereinafter described in detail, upon which the garbage is primarily deposited and I associate with this shell a; movable for agitating the wet garbage and for shifting it to the the box whereby the masses of wet garbage may be agitated from time to time to permit the hot gases escapingfrom the fire box to thoroughly contact with each particle of garbage and thereby inor'el effectively removethe moisture therefrom. This arrangement I incorporate in an incinerator stove or furnace and such furnace may be constructed in the basement of thebuilding or apartment to be served there The furnace proper may comprise an enclosed elongated compartment 12 formed by an outer brick structure 13 which is provided with a suitable the lining 14. This structure is preferably rectangular in shape to completely enclose a fire compartment and drying compartment and the interior of the structure may be provided with apartition wall 18 extending upwardly to an inclined partition 19L As shownin the drawings the partition 19 is disposed at'a higher level than the fire grate 20 supported by; an endw'all'21 and the partition walk 18' of the incinerator structure any uitab le man- The ii rate 20 is disposed within suitable dil incinerator structure, doorways leading into 7 the incinerator above and below the grate which may be closed by suitable doors 28 and 30, the former comprislng a fire door and the latter an ash door. On one side of I these doors I provide exteriorly disposed means in the form of a lever 31 connected in any suitable manner to the grate bars 20 :whereby they may be dumped or agitated when desired.

Y The means for suspending the garbage while it is being dried may comprise an 1nclined grate or shelf structure 33 disposed immediately above the inclined partitlon member 19 upon which the wet garbage is inside of theincinerator at a position below the top wall of the incinerator structure. It is accordingly provided with a bottom door 36 and a top door 37 whereby the in- V cinerator may be charged by first opening o t CODlbllStlOIl chamber.

the top doorto deposit the material within thetube and by closing the top door and pening the bottom door thus preventing e. escapeof any noxious gases from the To cause the garbage deposited upon the grate shelf 33'to be discharged onto the fire grates 20 and to also afford means for agitating the wet garbage from time to time as it:is beingvdried, I provide a series of movable scraper members 40 in the form of flat blades which are carried by endless chain stretches .42 and 413. These chain stretches extend over sprocket members 15 and 46. The sprocket members are mounted on, shafts 47 and 48. and are disposed adjacent the side walls of the incinerator struc ture wherebythe blades 40 may extend substantiallyacross the entire face of'the shelf bars 33. The particular disposition of the 'twoshafts relative to the drying grate is such that when one of the shafts is manually rotated, the scraper bars 40 will be carried over the top faces of the bars 33 of the drying shelf or grate and deposit the dried garbage upon the combustion grate 20 and the disposition of the shelf bars 33 relative to' the partition 19 is such as to provide clearance therebetweenifor the passage ofthe scraper bars 10 beneath the shelf bars 33.

The shelf bars 33, as shown in Figure 5, may extendsubstantially from side wall to side wall 'of'the incinerator and rest upon suitable bracket members 50 and 51 secured to the side walls of the incinerator and these bracketmembers may be formed to comprisebearing members for the shafts. The

bars 33 may comprise a single grate casting if desired or a series of grates or a series of groups of cast bars with joining webs 33a to prevent the scraper bars 40 from locking therebetween.

The partition 19 is preferably formed of metal whereby the scraper bars 10 may slide thereover without undue wear to the partition structure and one of the shafts, namely, the shaft 17, extends completely throughthe side wall 26 of the incinerator and through a close fitting bearing tube 58 (see Figure 4) and any convenient means may be mounted on the outer end thereof,

preferably a crank member 59, for effecting the manual operation of the .scrapers.

Ventilation and draft regulation of the incinerator is provided as follows: The

doors28 and 30 may be provided with the : usual draft shutters 28a and 30a respectively, for regulating the amount of air passing into the incinerator above and below the fire grate 20 and in addition thereto I provide an air passageway, (see Figuresl and 6) 60 extending into the ash pit and two air passageways 61 and 62, one on each side of the fire doorway 28, for additional air to pass into the fire box. One or more ofthese passageways may be closed by plugs 65, (see Figure 6) if desired. v

I also provide a series. of observation openings 68 and 69 (see Figures 1 and 7 extending through the side wall 28 of the incinerator at positions above andbelow the grate shelf 33 whereby the condition of the refuse material on the-grate may be observed; These ports are provided with doors 70 and the doors are provided with transparent panels 71 whereby observation of the wet garbage may be had without opening the incinerator compartment. If it is desired to agitate the material being dried from" the exterior and without moving the scrapers 40 the doors 70 may be opened and a poker or rod inserted through the passageways 69.

invention and this form of incinerator is incorporat'ed in the chimney structure. of the building to be serviced. In this form of my invention the operating elements hereinbefore described are present but the grate shelf 336 has been extended upwardly to terminate below the chimney flue 90, it being understood that the garbage to be destroyed is fcharged into the incinerator through suitable doorways 91 formed in the chimney at each floor of the building. A passageway in the form of an auxiliary flue 92 is arranged to extend around the lower portion of the chimney where it joins the incinerator structure to discharge into the chimney at a point considerably above the top of the incinerator thus greatly decreasing the possibility of the incinerator becoming completely clogged by the garbage which accumulates on the grate shelf 836.

From the foregoing description of my invention it will be apparent that I provide a very simple form of garbage disposal apparatus which will rapidly dehydrate or desiccate wet garbage and which is simple in form and which can be conveniently operated and maintained in a sanitary manner without the necessity of expert care.

I claim:

1. An incinerator comprising a rectilinear structure of a height and length in excess of its width, a partition forming a fire box at one end of the interior of the incinerator, an inclined partition extending from the first named partition to the rear wall of the incinerator structure, a fire grate disposed within said fire boX compartment dividing the compartment into an ash pit and a firing chamber and an inclined drying grate disposed above said inclined partition, the side walls of the incinerator having openings formed therein above the inclined partition and above the inclined grate and other openings extending into the incinerator above and below the firing grate.

2. An incinerator having the interior thereof provided with an inclined partition, a drying grate disposed over said partition, agitating means comprising endless chains operatively disposed adjacent the side walls of the incinerator, and scraper bars connected at their ends to the chains and movable over and under said grate bars, the

- scraper bars being supported while beneath the grate on said inclined partition.

3. An incinerator having the interior thereof provided with an inclined partition, a fixed inclined grate disposed over said partition means guided for movement over the grate together with means for moving the first named means in a constant direction.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my EDWIN H. GRAVER.

' signature.

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