US2495399A - Antenna system - Google Patents

Antenna system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2495399A
US2495399A US697454A US69745446A US2495399A US 2495399 A US2495399 A US 2495399A US 697454 A US697454 A US 697454A US 69745446 A US69745446 A US 69745446A US 2495399 A US2495399 A US 2495399A
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conductor
length
antenna
antenna system
operating
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Harold A Wheeler
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Hazeltine Research Inc
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Hazeltine Research Inc
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Priority to BE475850D priority Critical patent/BE475850A/xx
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Priority to US697454A priority patent/US2495399A/en
Priority to FR952625D priority patent/FR952625A/fr
Priority to CH270710D priority patent/CH270710A/de
Priority to GB24676/47A priority patent/GB637551A/en
Priority to DEP27705D priority patent/DE804581C/de
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Publication of US2495399A publication Critical patent/US2495399A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
    • H01Q9/38—Vertical arrangement of element with counterpoise
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H2/00—Networks using elements or techniques not provided for in groups H03H3/00 - H03H21/00
    • H03H2/005—Coupling circuits between transmission lines or antennas and transmitters, receivers or amplifiers
    • H03H2/006—Transmitter or amplifier output circuits

Definitions

  • FIG 3q HAR 1.0 A. WHEELER ATTORNEY H. A. WHEELER Jan. 24, 1950 ANTENNA SYSTEM 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed Sept. 17, 1946 SIGN AL- TRANSLATING APPARATU S FlG.4
  • Electric dipole antennas are well known in the art but they are characterized by plane polarization. This is also true of the conventional magnetic dipole or loop antenna, even though that antenna may take the form of a multiturn coil, because the dimensions and the feed connections to the coil tend to suppress any electric dipole eiiects that may otherwise result from the coil configuration. Since circular polarization connotes the notion of a rotating field, neither of the prior dipole antennas, considered alone, is capable of transmitting or receiving such radiation. A pair of separate dipoles, one of the electric and one of the magnetic type, may conceivably be associated in an antenna system with such relative phase as to radiate with circular polarization but the use of separate dipoles may not always be convenient.
  • An antenna system in accordance with the present invention comprises a conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length and including at least one conductor of helical configuration.
  • the structure is proportioned so that the average conductor turn of the structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length, whereby the system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • Fig. 1a is a representation of the conductive structure of an antenna system in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 1b represents an antenna which is theoretically the equivalent of the arrangement of Fig. 1a
  • Figs. 2w- 2d, inclusive represent various methods of connecting an antenna embodying the invention in a balanced system with a signal-translating apparatus
  • Figs. 3a and 31) show modified connections from the antenna to the signal-translating apparatus
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the application of the antenna to an unbalanced system
  • Figs. 5a and 5b are views of a fractional-turn multifilar modification of the antenna of the invention
  • Figs. 6a and 6b represent balanced antenna systems embodying a construction of the type represented in Figs. 5a and 51)
  • Fig. 7 represents a diversity receiver including a pair of antennas individually embracing the invention.
  • the antenna structure comprises a single conductor ll! of helical configuration including a plurality of conductor turns and defining a multiturn coil.
  • the dot-dash construction lines of this figure indicate an imaginary cylinder which bounds the coil or conductor l0.
  • the coil is self-resonant at the operating wave length of the system or is selfresonant at the mean wave length where operation over a range of wave lengths is contemplated.
  • the coil dimensions are designated by dimension lines 2a and b, the former corresponding with the diameter of the imaginary cylinder and the latter being equal to the product of the number of turns of conductor 10 times the helical pitch. These dimensions are less than the operating radian length of the system where "radian length is defined as times the wave length.
  • Such a helical coil radiates or receives a wave of circular polarization if the area and pitch of its conductor turns are properly related to the radian length. The relationship to be satisfied will be established with reference to Fig. 1b.
  • Fig. 1b shows how each turn of the helical conductor or coil l0 may be resolved into two radiating components, one an axially extending conductive element De of a length equal to the pitch p of the coil and the other a fiat turn or loop Dm normal to the axis of the helix and having an area A.
  • the component De radiates as an electric dipole while the component Dm radiates as a magnetic dipole. Since each radiating component or elemental antenna has dimensions much less than the radian length, each behaves essentially as a dipole with a coaxial doughnut pattern of radiation.
  • the helical antenna of Fig. 1a is a superposition of electric and magnetic dipoles and may, therefore, be considered as an electromagnetic dipole.
  • the two waves of crossed polarization also have magnetic vectors.
  • the waves of crossed polarization must satisfy two conditions. First of all, they must have substantially equal intensity and the corresponding vectors of the two waves of crossed polarization must be in timephase quadrature. Both conditions may be satisfled by properly proportioning the helical conductor ill with reference to the area of its turns, the pitch and the radian length.
  • A the area defined by the projection of the average conductor turn on a plane normal to the axis of the helix;
  • Equation 2 is the basic relationship for a small helix equivalent to superimposed coaxial electric and magnetic dipoles exhibiting radiation with circular polarization. It means that the conductor in of the radiating structure is to be so proportioned that the average conductor turn has an area A substantially equal to the product of the pitch p of the turns times the operating radian length L of the system. While a rigorous proof may be given to show that such a helical conductor inherently causes the corresponding fields of the two waves of crossed polarization to be in phase quadrature in time, this may be deduced from the simple relation (2).
  • a conductor of one-half wave length wound in accordance with the critical relation of expression (2) may define a helix having a radius a and an axial length b as follows:
  • Equations 3 and 4 the factor n is the number of turns of the helix.
  • An antenna conductor of this shape inherently provides substantially circular polarization.
  • the conductor thickness may be a substantial fraction of the pitch as is customary in helical-coil construction.
  • the helical antenna is utilized in a balanced sys- I tern and balanced connections are made to terminals in the vicinity of the mid-point of the radiator by means of a balanced transmission line H of the open-wire type having closely spaced conductors.
  • An inductive loop l2 connected to one end of the transmission line serves to couple this line and the antenna to a signaltranslating apparatus 13, shown in block diagram since the nature of that apparatus is immaterial to the operation of. the antenna.
  • Antenna systems exhibit the same characteristics when utilized either for wave-signal reception or transmission and, therefore, the unit [3 may constitute either a receiver or a transmitter in accordance with the requirements of the particular installation.
  • Fig. 2b which is generally similar to that of Fig. 2a, corresponding components thereof being identified by the same reference characters.
  • the coil ll] of Fig. 2b has a shorter length than is required for self-resonance at the operating wave length but resonance is achieved by loading.
  • each end has capacitive loading in the form of nonradiating radial conductive spokes l4, I4 disposed in a plane transverse to the axis of the helix. The spokes contribute a negligible amount of radiation and do not adversely affect the desired circular polarization.
  • Figs. 2c and 2d are also directed to balanced antenna systems but of the type in which the helical conductor has a length exceeding that required for self-resonance.
  • Capacitive reactance means are associated with the radiator III for tuning out. the excess reactance and for establishing a condition of self-resonance at the operating wave length.
  • this capacitive reactance means is shown as series condensers l5, l5 interposed between the center terminals of the antenna conductor and the signal-translating apparatus it.
  • Fig. 2c this capacitive reactance means is shown as series condensers l5, l5 interposed between the center terminals of the antenna conductor and the signal-translating apparatus it.
  • the helix is even longer and its excess inductive reactance is tuned out at intervals by series condensers l8, l8 separated, preferably, by a length of conductor of approximately one-quarter wave length or less so that the current in between is nearly uniform.
  • the helical conductor [0 represents schematically a radiating structure of the type represented in any of Figs. 2a-2d, inclusive. It is connected through a balanced transmission line of the open-wire type 20 to a signal-translating apparatus 2
  • the length of transmission line 20 is approximately one-half of the operating wave length and it projects axially within the radiating structure to be connected by very short lead lengths to central terminals 22, 22.
  • Stub transmission lines 24, 24 are also included in the balanced conductor system employed for feeding the antenna so as effectively to isolate unbalanced currents of this conductor system from the radiating structure.
  • Each of the stub lines is connected at its near end to the balanced line 20 and is short-circuited at its far end.
  • each has an electrical length of one-quarter of the operating wave length.
  • a generally similar arrangement is represented in Fig. 3b but modified so as to preserve the symmetry.
  • the transmission line 20 extends entirely through the radiating structure and additional stub lines 25, 25 connected thereto maintain the balance of the system.
  • capacitive currents which may flow between the radiating structure and transmission line 20 are unbalanced on the transmission line and tend to cause some radiation opposing the electric dipole radiation of the structure l0. Where this is encountered. It may be compensated by slightly increasing the pitch of the helix.
  • FIG. 4 An unbalanced system is represented in Fig. 4. It again includes the conductive structure ill in the form of a self-resonant helical coil and a nonradiating, conductive shield spaced from one end thereof.
  • the shield is made of several radially extending conductive spokes 21, 21 extending transversely of the coil axis and individually having an electrical length of approximately onequarter of the operating wave length.
  • the transmission line 28 for connecting the signal-translating apparatus 29 with the antenna system is of the coaxial or unbalanced type. Its outer shield conductor is connected with the shield 21 while its inner conductor connects with the lower end of the helical conductor l0.
  • All of the described embodiments of the invention utilize an antenna structure in the form of a multiturn helical conductor or coil.
  • the dimensions of the antenna should be comparable with the radian length.
  • the helix must be made of very few turns or even a fraction oi one turn.
  • a multifilar conductive structure of the type represented in Figs. 5a and 5!: may be used.
  • the multifilar structure includes a plurality of similar coaxial conductors of helical configuration, four such conductors being shown and being indicated by the reference characters 35, 3G, 31, and 38.
  • the several conductors are symmetrically arranged relative to their common axis and are connected in parallel at the opposite poles of the electromagnetic dipole.
  • Fig. 5b which is an end view of the multifilar structure shows the end terminations 35', 36', 31', and 38' of the several conductors and their arrangement as radial spokes connected together at a central hub desired manner do not radiate in any appreciable amount but do constitute a capacitive loading.
  • Equation 2 Each conductor is proportioned to satisfy the basic relation of Equation 2 but for a fractional-turn embodiment the pitch becomes greater than the axial length of the multifilar structure.
  • the formulas of Equations 3 and 4 are not applicable to the multifilar construction because a substantial part of the length of each conductor is used in the end spokes. Also, the diameter may slightly exceed the radian length so that the assumed equivalence of small dipoles is inadequate.
  • the radius and axial length for circular polarization are approximately sixtenths the radian length.
  • the optimum fractional number of ficiency is in the range from one-quarter to one turn and the optimum shape has an axial length about equal to the radius.
  • the multifilar modification simulates a helical coil of 11. turns, where n is the number of turns included in each parallel-connected conductor of the multifilar structure and is a fraction less than unity.
  • the number of conductors connected in parallel to simulate n eifective turns is preferably at least equal to 2/n.
  • a structure for one-half turn eflective should have at least four conductors connected in parallel, as represented in Fig. 2, but a larger number may be employed if practical.
  • an improvement of radiation power factor and efllciency are realized with an increased number of parallel-connected conductors.
  • the multifilar structure operates in a manner generally similar to that of the niultiturn coil of Fig. 1a.
  • the dash-dot construction line of Fig. 5a represents an imaginary cylinder bounding the structure and the area of that cylinder is the factor A to be utilized in proportioning the conductors to satisfy Equation 2.
  • FIG. 5a Connections to the structure of Fig. 5a may be 7 established in several ways, for example, as indicated in Figs. 6a and 6b. It should be noted, however, that the multifilar structure in these representations has been simplified by unwinding the helixes. This showing has been chosen in an effort to clarify the disclosure.
  • a signal-translating apparatus 44 is connected to the conductive structure through a balanced transmission line 4! connected to center terminals 42, 42 of only one of the parallelconnected conductors.
  • the balanced transmission line II is tapped on one of the parallel-connected conductors at separated points in order to obtain an impedance match.
  • Series condensers 43 may be utilized to cancel the reactance components of the impedance between the tapping points. If desired, an unbalanced connection of the type shown in Fig. 4 may be made to the multifilar structure and self-resonance may be obtained by selecting the several conductors of the proper length or by loading in the manner of Figs. 2b and 2c.
  • each conductor of the conductive structure contributes to both of the crossed field components in a man ner which inherently provides circular polarization with one direction of rotation.
  • a complete communication system of the direct-signal type wherein a signal from a transmitting antenna is directly intercepted by a receiving antenna without any intervening reflection, like antennas are to be employed. That is, the helical conductors of the receiving antenna are to be pitched in the same sense as those of the transmitting antenna.
  • the conductors of the receiving and transmitting antennas are to have opposite pitches. The discrimination between direct and reflected signals results from the fact that a circularly polarized .radiation reverses its direction of rotation upon-reflection.
  • Reception of signals of various origins and over various transmission paths may be accomplished in a diversity receiving system in the manner of Fig. 7.
  • one antenna structure 50 including helical conductors pitched in one sense is connected to a first diversity receiver while a second antenna structure 52, having helical conductors of an opposite pitch, is connected with a second diversity receiver 53.
  • the structures 50 and 52 may have any of the forms described above.
  • and 53 are connected in parallel with a common signal-reproducing device 54 in the usual fashion.
  • the common receiving portion 54 contains the mixing and switching circuits customarily utilized in diversity reception. Since the individual antenna structures 50 and 52 are reversely pitched, the system may respond to wave signals of circular polarization having either direction of rotation, as well as signals of plane polarization at any angle.
  • An antenna system comprising: a conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than. one-half of the operating wave length, including at least one conductonot cal configuration and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has .an area substantially equal to the product of'the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system, whereby" said antenna system exhibits the propcmaof radiation with substantially circular polariza tion.
  • An antenna system comprisingr a conductive structure having a maximum dimension
  • said structure including at least one conductor of helical configuration, and being proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product 01' the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: a conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including at least one conductor of heli cal configuration and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system; and a substantially nonradiating conductor system for connecting signal-translating apparatus with said structure; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: a radiating conductor of helical configuration having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including a plurality oi conductor turns and proportioned so that the average turn has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of said turns times the operating radian length of said system; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: an antenna conductor of helical configuration the dimensions of which are less than the operating radian length of said system, including a plurality'of conductor turns and proportioned so that-the average turn has an area substantially equalto the product of the average pitch of said turns times said radian length; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: an antenna conductor of helical configuration having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, having a helical radius which is a small fraction of the operating radian length 01' said system, including a plurality of conductor turns and proportioned so that the average turn has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of said turns times said radian length; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: an antenna conductor of helical configuration having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including a plurality of conductor turns, having a length substantially less than required for self-resonance at said operating wave length, and proportioned so that the average turn has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of said turns times the operating radian length; and nonradiating conductive means connected to the opposite ends of said conductor for capacitively loading said conductor to cause said conductor to be substantially self-resonant at said wave length; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • a balanced antenna system comprising: a conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including at least one conductor of helical configuration and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system; and a substantially nonradiating balanced conductor system for connecting signal-translating apparatus in balanced manner to the mid-point of said structure; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An unbalanced antenna system comprising: a conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including at least one conductor of helical configuration and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system; a shield spaced from one end of said structure including non-radiating, radial conductive spokes having a length of substantially onequarter of said wave length and positioned in a plane transverse to the axis of said structure; and av coaxial transmission line for coupling signaltranslating apparatus to said antenna system, having an inner conductor connected to said one end of said structure and an outer conductor connected to said shield; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: a multifllar conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including a plurality of similar coaxial conductors of helical configuration symmetrically arranged relative to the common axis, connected in parallel at the poles of said structure and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length 01 said system; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: a multifiiar conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including a plurality of similar coaxial conductors of helical configuration symmetrically arranged relative to the common axis, connected in parallel at the poles of said structure, having a thickness which is a substantial fraction of the circumferential spacing of said conductors, and proportioned so that the average conductor turn 01' said structure has an area substantially equal to the product 01 the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: a multifilar conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including a plurality of similar coaxial conductors of helical configuration symmetrically arranged relative to the common axis, connected in parallel at the poles of said structure, having a helical length not exceeding one turn and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the products of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radia-' tion with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: a multifilar conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including a plurality of similar coaxial conductors of helical configuration symmetrically arranged relative to the common axis, connected in parallel at the poles of said structure, having a helical length substantially equal to one-half turn and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system compi'ising: a multifilar conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, simulating a helical coil with an axial length substantially equal to the helical radius and including a plurality of similar coaxial conductors of helical configuration symmetrically arranged relative to the common axis. connected in parallel at the poles of said structure. having a length within the range from onequarter to one turn and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: a multifilar conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, simulating a helical coil of (n) turns and including a plurality of at least (2/n) similar coaxial conductors of helical configuration symmetrically arranged relative to the common axis, connected in parallel at the poles of said structure, and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system where (n) is a fraction less than unity; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: an antenna conductor of helical configuration having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including a plurality of conductor turns, having a length substantially less than required for self-resonance at the operating wave length of said system, and proportioned so that the average turn has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of said turns times the operating radian length; and nonradiating, conductive, radial spokes connected to the opposite ends of said conductor for capacitively loading said conductor to cause said conductor to be substantially selfresonant at said wave length; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An unbalanced antenna system comprising: a conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including at least one conductor of helical configuration and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system; a nonradiating conductive shield spaced from one end of said structure; and a two-conductor transmission line for coupling signal-translating apparatus to said antenna system, having one conductor connected to said one end of said structure and another conductor connected to said shield; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: a multifilar conductive structure having a maximum dimension much less than one-halt of the operating wave length, substantially self-resonant at said operating wave length and including a plurality of similar coaxial conductors of helical configuration symmetrically arranged relative to the common axis, connected in parallel at the poles of said structure, individually having a conductor length of substantially one-halt of said wave length, and proportioned so that the average conductor turn of said structure has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of the conductor turns times the operating radian length of said system; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization.
  • An antenna system comprising: an antenna conductor of helical'configuration having a maximum dimension much less than one-half of the operating wave length, including a plurality of conductor turns, having a length substantially different from that required for self-resonance at said wave length, and proportioned so that the average turn has an area substantially equal to the product of the average pitch of said turns times the operating radian length; whereby said antenna system exhibits the property of radiation with substantially circular polarization; and nonradiating loading means connected in series relation with said conductor and proportioned to cause said conductor to be substantially self-resonant at said wave length.

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US697454A 1946-09-17 1946-09-17 Antenna system Expired - Lifetime US2495399A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE475850D BE475850A (pt) 1946-09-17
US697454A US2495399A (en) 1946-09-17 1946-09-17 Antenna system
FR952625D FR952625A (fr) 1946-09-17 1947-09-01 Antenne
CH270710D CH270710A (de) 1946-09-17 1947-09-06 Antennenanlage zur Ausstrahlung oder zum Empfang mindestens angenähert zirkular polarisierter elektromagnetischer Wellen.
GB24676/47A GB637551A (en) 1946-09-17 1947-09-08 Antenna system
DEP27705D DE804581C (de) 1946-09-17 1948-12-28 Antenne

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US697454A US2495399A (en) 1946-09-17 1946-09-17 Antenna system

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US2495399A true US2495399A (en) 1950-01-24

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BE (1) BE475850A (pt)
CH (1) CH270710A (pt)
DE (1) DE804581C (pt)
FR (1) FR952625A (pt)
GB (1) GB637551A (pt)

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US2616046A (en) * 1949-12-01 1952-10-28 Arthur E Marston Multielement helix antenna
US2636986A (en) * 1953-04-28 Television antenna
US2897496A (en) * 1955-01-12 1959-07-28 Rca Corp Corner reflector antenna
US3019438A (en) * 1957-03-18 1962-01-30 Gen Electric Antenna structure
US3083364A (en) * 1958-07-23 1963-03-26 Andrew Corp Bifilar wound quarter-wave helical antenna having broadside radiation
US3093824A (en) * 1959-02-17 1963-06-11 Singer Inc H R B Communication system using circular polarization
US3103011A (en) * 1961-09-18 1963-09-03 Elwin W Seeley Inductively loaded folded antenna
US3244850A (en) * 1963-06-03 1966-04-05 Mann Russell Electronics Inc Segmented extended toroidal electrode and process of dielectric heating therewithin
US3432858A (en) * 1964-12-14 1969-03-11 Allan R Brown Short dipole antenna
US3573840A (en) * 1967-12-15 1971-04-06 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Small bulk helically wound antennae and method for making same
US5111213A (en) * 1990-01-23 1992-05-05 Astron Corporation Broadband antenna
WO1999001908A1 (en) * 1997-07-03 1999-01-14 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Stub loaded helix antenna
US6204810B1 (en) 1997-05-09 2001-03-20 Smith Technology Development, Llc Communications system
US6317097B1 (en) 1998-11-09 2001-11-13 Smith Technology Development, Llc Cavity-driven antenna system
EP1339131A2 (en) * 2002-02-22 2003-08-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Helical antenna provided with two helical antenna elements, and radio communication apparatus with such an antenna

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DE950862C (de) * 1952-03-30 1956-10-18 Siemens Ag Aus an einen Wellenverstaerker angeschlossenen Sende- und Empfangsantennen bestehende Anordnung

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US1684009A (en) * 1926-05-29 1928-09-11 Harold M Brown Antenna
US1898661A (en) * 1930-10-13 1933-02-21 Telefunken Gmbh Antenna system
US1999258A (en) * 1933-07-27 1935-04-30 Rca Corp Directional aerial
US2153589A (en) * 1936-05-19 1939-04-11 Rca Corp Antenna
US2174353A (en) * 1937-05-06 1939-09-26 Rca Corp Transmission of waves with rotary polarization
US2267889A (en) * 1938-03-23 1941-12-30 Csf Antenna with wide wave range

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1684009A (en) * 1926-05-29 1928-09-11 Harold M Brown Antenna
US1898661A (en) * 1930-10-13 1933-02-21 Telefunken Gmbh Antenna system
US1999258A (en) * 1933-07-27 1935-04-30 Rca Corp Directional aerial
US2153589A (en) * 1936-05-19 1939-04-11 Rca Corp Antenna
US2174353A (en) * 1937-05-06 1939-09-26 Rca Corp Transmission of waves with rotary polarization
US2267889A (en) * 1938-03-23 1941-12-30 Csf Antenna with wide wave range

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636986A (en) * 1953-04-28 Television antenna
US2616046A (en) * 1949-12-01 1952-10-28 Arthur E Marston Multielement helix antenna
US2897496A (en) * 1955-01-12 1959-07-28 Rca Corp Corner reflector antenna
US3019438A (en) * 1957-03-18 1962-01-30 Gen Electric Antenna structure
US3083364A (en) * 1958-07-23 1963-03-26 Andrew Corp Bifilar wound quarter-wave helical antenna having broadside radiation
US3093824A (en) * 1959-02-17 1963-06-11 Singer Inc H R B Communication system using circular polarization
US3103011A (en) * 1961-09-18 1963-09-03 Elwin W Seeley Inductively loaded folded antenna
US3244850A (en) * 1963-06-03 1966-04-05 Mann Russell Electronics Inc Segmented extended toroidal electrode and process of dielectric heating therewithin
US3432858A (en) * 1964-12-14 1969-03-11 Allan R Brown Short dipole antenna
US3573840A (en) * 1967-12-15 1971-04-06 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Small bulk helically wound antennae and method for making same
US5111213A (en) * 1990-01-23 1992-05-05 Astron Corporation Broadband antenna
US6204810B1 (en) 1997-05-09 2001-03-20 Smith Technology Development, Llc Communications system
US6271790B2 (en) 1997-05-09 2001-08-07 Smith Technology Development Llc Communication system
WO1999001908A1 (en) * 1997-07-03 1999-01-14 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Stub loaded helix antenna
US5986621A (en) * 1997-07-03 1999-11-16 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Stub loaded helix antenna
AU762172B2 (en) * 1997-07-03 2003-06-19 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Stub loaded helix antenna
US6317097B1 (en) 1998-11-09 2001-11-13 Smith Technology Development, Llc Cavity-driven antenna system
EP1339131A2 (en) * 2002-02-22 2003-08-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Helical antenna provided with two helical antenna elements, and radio communication apparatus with such an antenna
EP1339131A3 (en) * 2002-02-22 2004-08-18 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Helical antenna provided with two helical antenna elements, and radio communication apparatus with such an antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH270710A (de) 1950-09-15
GB637551A (en) 1950-05-24
BE475850A (pt)
DE804581C (de) 1951-04-26
FR952625A (fr) 1949-11-21

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