US2476433A - Hollow reinforced concrete building unit - Google Patents

Hollow reinforced concrete building unit Download PDF

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US2476433A
US2476433A US496003A US49600343A US2476433A US 2476433 A US2476433 A US 2476433A US 496003 A US496003 A US 496003A US 49600343 A US49600343 A US 49600343A US 2476433 A US2476433 A US 2476433A
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concrete
tubular members
building unit
reinforced concrete
unit
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Jr Edward Shinn
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material

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  • My invention relates to building structures, more specifically to a building unit suitable for use as a wall element but which may also be used as a floor or ceiling element.
  • Wall elements suitable for such structures usually comprise concrete slabs encompassed in steel beam edgings for reenforcement and assembly. These units are usually heavy in order to obtain strength. These heavy structures are not moisture and damp proof and are not designed for heat insulation. Nor are they sound proof Finished surfaces'are not provided and it is necessary to apply furring on the slab surfaces and hand plastering on the job.
  • An object of my invention is to provide an improved building unit, particularly suitable for wall construction of prefabricated building structures, but also suitable for other uses.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide such a unit of concrete which is strong but light in weight and easily handled.
  • a still further object of my invention is to provide a prefabricated concrete unit which has high heat insulating value.
  • a still further object of my invention is to provide such a building unit which provides inner and outer walls of proper texture and formation for finished walls.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide a prefabricated wall unit through which pipes or conduits can be run or through which air can be circulated.
  • a still further object of my invention is to provide such a building unit which is sound-proof and moisture-proof.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective with parts broken away to show details of construction of a construction unit made according to my invention
  • Figure 2 is a transverse section of parts of Figure 1 showing an arrangement of details used in the construction shown in Figure 1
  • Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 are transverse sections of modifications of builidng units made according to my invention
  • Figure '7 is aperspective showing details of an element used in Figure 6; Figures 8, 9 and 10 are still further modifications of building units made according to my invention.
  • a building unit made according to my invention may be formed in the shape of an elongated rectangularly shaped slab comprisin aplurality of tubular members or cores ll arranged linearly and tied together by means of interlacedtie wire elements l4 and i5 tied between tubular members by means of the tie loops [6. These interlaced tie wires are spaced longitudinally along the tubular members II.
  • the tubular members ll include the tubes of cellulosic material 12 with a water-proof coating 13 on the outside of the tubular members.
  • These tubular members, after being tied, may be placed in forms and concrete poured into the forms and allowed to set so as to provide the composite unit shown in Figure 1. I have found for optimum conditions that the diameter of the tubular member II should not exceed one-third the thickness of the slab.
  • These cores H of paper tubing lighten the weight of the wall as well as provide insulation by providing air cells in the heart of the wall.
  • the cores may also be used as ducts for heating purposes to carry air, wiring ducts, pipe ducts, handling recesses and capillary attraction ducts to divert moisture from vital parts of the finished structure. They also provide strength to the unit if used as a truss member since they compensate for the displacement of the strength of the concrete through the principle of multiple arch formation.
  • FIG. 3 I show a modification of the construction shown in Figure 1.
  • I use a square mesh reinforcing mat,l8, one of conventional size being 6 x 6", and on opposite sides of which are positioned the tubular members I l of the same construction shown in Figure forth through the mesh and around the tubular members to tightly hold them against the rein- 1 forcing mesh.
  • the wire [9 is locked to the mesh by the elements 20.
  • Figure 4 utilizes much the same construction shown in Figure 1, except that in addition wire tie Ts 22 are secured to the tie loops 16 of the tie wires l4 and I5 and extend outwardly from the concrete to provide tying fingers or cross elements 23 to which the coating of heat insulating material 24 may be secured.
  • This coating may be made of suchmaterial as combined expanded mica concrete.
  • This coating is preferably added to the concrete slab I! after the concrete has been poured.
  • This coating also serves as a sound absorbing medium as well as a shock absorbing medium and in addition to increasing the safety factor of the structure may serve as an interior 3 wall or as a plaster base for an interior wall.
  • the concrete l'l may be poured around the forms 7 and the insulating layer 28 added, this being retained by means of the fingers and 26' on the tie wires 26 and 26.
  • This layer 28 may be of expanded mica concrete.
  • a still further form of my invention is shown I in Fi ure 6 in which the tubular members. II are embedded in the concrete, the tie elements 30 being in the form of corrugated ribbon strips. These tie elements 30 are shown in Figure 7.
  • An intermediate heat insulating layer 32 which is sound proof, is positioned intermediate the first layer 29and the second concrete layer 3i. This layer may be compressed rock wool protected by moisture proof film coatings.
  • FIG. 8 A further form of my invention is shownin Figure 8 in which the tubular members II are placed adjacent the reinforcing mesh l8, both of which are embedded in the concrete-slab 32, the
  • ribbon-like corrugated tie elements 33 extending from this concrete slab and tying to it the layer 35 which may provide a finished surface for papering or painting if this is an inside surface.
  • This layer may be of expanded mica concrete.
  • a further layer 34 of water proof mastic may be used between the layers 32 and 35.
  • FIG 9 is shown a still further form of my invention in which the concrete slab I! has embedded within it the reinforcing mesh [8, the tie ribbon elements I8 extending through a heat-, moistureand sound-insulating layer 31, for example. rock wool protected against moisture by a moisture-proof coating on either side and in an outer coating 86 of concrete.
  • the ccmpusition wall unit consists of a concrete slab ll provided with tie elements, 38 extending through the moisture-proof material layer 39 into a second layer 40 of light weight concrete, which may be moisture and sound proof.
  • a building unit including a wire mesh reinforcing screen, tubular members positioned on opposite sides of said'screen and in contact therewith, the tubular members on one side of said screen lying intermediate the positions'of the tubular' members on the other side of said screen, tying elements securing said tubular members to said screen, said tubular members, wire mesh and tying elements being embedded in concrete, said tubular members comprising be]- a. water-proof coating on 2.
  • a preformed unit including a wire mesh reinforcing screen, tubular members positioned on opposite sides of said screen and in contact therewith, tying elements securing said tubular members-to said screen, said tubular members, wire mesh and tying elementbeing embedded in concrete, said tubular members comprising cellulosic material and a waterproof coating on said material, the diameter of said tubular mem-- bers being not greater than'one-third the thick- EDWARD SHINN, Js.

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Description

July 19, 1949. s JR 2,476,433 I HOLLOW REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING UNIT 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 24, 1943 J .m p v INVENT A m .F
OR EDWARD .SH/NN, mi}- B Y W ATTO EY y 1949- E. SHINN, JR 2,476,433
HOLLOW REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING UNIT Filed July 24, 1943 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 5
INVENTOR EDWARD SH/NN. JR.
July 19, 1949. s JR 2,476,433
HOLLOW REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING UNIT Filed July 24, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR EDWARD SH/NMJR.
Patented July 19, 1949 HOLLOW REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING UNIT Edward Shinn, In, West Orange, N. J-
' Application July 24, 1943, Serial No. 496,003
2 Claims. 1
My invention relates to building structures, more specifically to a building unit suitable for use as a wall element but which may also be used as a floor or ceiling element.
In the past attempts have been made to provide prefabricated units to be used in building structures and so designed that these units could be quickly and easily incorporated in the building structure. Wall elements suitable for such structures usually comprise concrete slabs encompassed in steel beam edgings for reenforcement and assembly. These units are usually heavy in order to obtain strength. These heavy structures are not moisture and damp proof and are not designed for heat insulation. Nor are they sound proof Finished surfaces'are not provided and it is necessary to apply furring on the slab surfaces and hand plastering on the job.
An object of my invention is to provide an improved building unit, particularly suitable for wall construction of prefabricated building structures, but also suitable for other uses.
Another object of my invention is to provide such a unit of concrete which is strong but light in weight and easily handled.
A still further object of my invention is to provide a prefabricated concrete unit which has high heat insulating value. V
A still further object of my invention is to provide such a building unit which provides inner and outer walls of proper texture and formation for finished walls.
A further object of my invention is to provide a prefabricated wall unit through which pipes or conduits can be run or through which air can be circulated.
A still further object of my invention is to provide such a building unit which is sound-proof and moisture-proof.
The novel features which I believe to be characteristic of my invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims, but the invention itself will best be understood by refer-' ence to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a perspective with parts broken away to show details of construction of a construction unit made according to my invention; Figure 2 is a transverse section of parts of Figure 1 showing an arrangement of details used in the construction shown in Figure 1; Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 are transverse sections of modifications of builidng units made according to my invention;
Figure '7 is aperspective showing details of an element used in Figure 6; Figures 8, 9 and 10 are still further modifications of building units made according to my invention.
Referring to Figure 1, a building unit made according to my invention may be formed in the shape of an elongated rectangularly shaped slab comprisin aplurality of tubular members or cores ll arranged linearly and tied together by means of interlacedtie wire elements l4 and i5 tied between tubular members by means of the tie loops [6. These interlaced tie wires are spaced longitudinally along the tubular members II. The tubular members ll include the tubes of cellulosic material 12 with a water-proof coating 13 on the outside of the tubular members. These tubular members, after being tied, may be placed in forms and concrete poured into the forms and allowed to set so as to provide the composite unit shown in Figure 1. I have found for optimum conditions that the diameter of the tubular member II should not exceed one-third the thickness of the slab.
These cores H of paper tubing lighten the weight of the wall as well as provide insulation by providing air cells in the heart of the wall.
The cores may also be used as ducts for heating purposes to carry air, wiring ducts, pipe ducts, handling recesses and capillary attraction ducts to divert moisture from vital parts of the finished structure. They also provide strength to the unit if used as a truss member since they compensate for the displacement of the strength of the concrete through the principle of multiple arch formation.
In Figure 3 I show a modification of the construction shown in Figure 1. In this form I use a square mesh reinforcing mat,l8, one of conventional size being 6 x 6", and on opposite sides of which are positioned the tubular members I l of the same construction shown in Figure forth through the mesh and around the tubular members to tightly hold them against the rein- 1 forcing mesh. The wire [9 is locked to the mesh by the elements 20. When this tube and mesh assembly is placed within a form and the concrete 2| poured, the finished slab is of great rigidity, strength and lightness. I
A still further modification of the arrangement shown in Figure 3 is shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 utilizes much the same construction shown in Figure 1, except that in addition wire tie Ts 22 are secured to the tie loops 16 of the tie wires l4 and I5 and extend outwardly from the concrete to provide tying fingers or cross elements 23 to which the coating of heat insulating material 24 may be secured. This coating may be made of suchmaterial as combined expanded mica concrete. This coating is preferably added to the concrete slab I! after the concrete has been poured. This coating also serves as a sound absorbing medium as well as a shock absorbing medium and in addition to increasing the safety factor of the structure may serve as an interior 3 wall or as a plaster base for an interior wall.
The concrete l'l may be poured around the forms 7 and the insulating layer 28 added, this being retained by means of the fingers and 26' on the tie wires 26 and 26. This layer 28 may be of expanded mica concrete.
A still further form of my invention is shown I in Fi ure 6 in which the tubular members. II are embedded in the concrete, the tie elements 30 being in the form of corrugated ribbon strips. These tie elements 30 are shown in Figure 7. An intermediate heat insulating layer 32, which is sound proof, is positioned intermediate the first layer 29and the second concrete layer 3i. This layer may be compressed rock wool protected by moisture proof film coatings.
A further form of my invention is shownin Figure 8 in which the tubular members II are placed adjacent the reinforcing mesh l8, both of which are embedded in the concrete-slab 32, the
ribbon-like corrugated tie elements 33 extending from this concrete slab and tying to it the layer 35 which may provide a finished surface for papering or painting if this is an inside surface. This layer may be of expanded mica concrete. A further layer 34 of water proof mastic may be used between the layers 32 and 35.
In Figure 9 is shown a still further form of my invention in which the concrete slab I! has embedded within it the reinforcing mesh [8, the tie ribbon elements I8 extending through a heat-, moistureand sound-insulating layer 31, for example. rock wool protected against moisture by a moisture-proof coating on either side and in an outer coating 86 of concrete.
In another form the ccmpusition wall unit consists of a concrete slab ll provided with tie elements, 38 extending through the moisture-proof material layer 39 into a second layer 40 of light weight concrete, which may be moisture and sound proof.
Thus with the forms of my invention described above, I am able to provide a prefabricated unit which is considerably reduced in weight and which, therefore, aids in design and construction by the removal of excess dead load weight. The units have a decided advantage as floor as well as wall units, as the tube formation provides the internal strength of arches within the unit. The ducts so produced by the tubes provide numerous chases for running pipe and electric lines within the wall or floor. The air enclosed within the tubular members acts as an insulator. The unit ness of the slab.
is water proof and sound proof. The mica con- 'lulosic material and said material.
absorbing and increases the safety factor of the structure.
While I have indicated the preferred embodiments of my invention of which I am now aware and have also indicated only one specific application for which my invention may be employed, it will be apparent that my invention is by no means limited to the exact forms illustrated or the use indicated, but that many variations may be made in the particular structure used and the purpose for which it is employed without departing from the scope of my invention as set forth in the appended claims. I
What I claim as new is: 1. A building unit including a wire mesh reinforcing screen, tubular members positioned on opposite sides of said'screen and in contact therewith, the tubular members on one side of said screen lying intermediate the positions'of the tubular' members on the other side of said screen, tying elements securing said tubular members to said screen, said tubular members, wire mesh and tying elements being embedded in concrete, said tubular members comprising be]- a. water-proof coating on 2. A preformed unit including a wire mesh reinforcing screen, tubular members positioned on opposite sides of said screen and in contact therewith, tying elements securing said tubular members-to said screen, said tubular members, wire mesh and tying elementbeing embedded in concrete, said tubular members comprising cellulosic material and a waterproof coating on said material, the the diameter of said tubular mem-- bers being not greater than'one-third the thick- EDWARD SHINN, Js.
, REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the me of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 145,700 Vacher Dec. 16, 1873 386,102 Mack July 10. 1886 427,914 Schillinger May 13, 1890 755,122 Fisher Mar. 22, 1904 v 1,074,801 Krebs Oct. 7, 1913 1,115,266 Wiltse Oct. 27, 1914 1,174,519 Pray Mar. 7, 1916 1,206,752 Davis Nov. 28, 1916' 1,368,109 Buckhout Feb. 8, 1921 1,538,681 Buckhout May 19, 1925 1,864,773 Stanford June 28,- 1932 1,897,327 Olson Feb. 14, 1933 1,949,692 Pavesi Mar. 6, 1934 1,949,924 Weichold Mar. 6, 1934 1,951,421 Kleitz Mar. 20, 1934 2,063,309 Graef Dec. 8, 1936 2,127,914 Hadland Aug. 23, 1938 2,138,683 Weesner Nov. 29, 1938 2,220,349 Plumb Nov. 5, 1940 2,250,319 Wright July 22, 1941 2,292,655 Poston Aug. 11,1942 2,809,147 Wilkinson Jan. 26, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number 7 Country Date 166,623 Great Britain July 8, 1921 249,007 Great Britain Mar. 18, 1926 503,759
France June 17, 1920
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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2540349A (en) * 1946-09-19 1951-02-06 Robert S Reed Reinforced building block
US2681562A (en) * 1951-06-07 1954-06-22 Clarke Lawrence Concrete wall
US2825221A (en) * 1952-12-18 1958-03-04 Brouk Joseph John Wall embodying masonry panels
US2887868A (en) * 1957-09-25 1959-05-26 Harold A Glidden Wall structure and form unit therefor
US2924962A (en) * 1954-12-02 1960-02-16 Nettle Lawrence Clarence Wall construction
US3015192A (en) * 1955-04-04 1962-01-02 Vermiculite Mfg Co Brick package and method of making same
US3087575A (en) * 1960-11-07 1963-04-30 Bolt Beranek & Newman Acoustic construction unit
US3275101A (en) * 1963-12-16 1966-09-27 James G Milne Jr Acoustic structural unit
US3299600A (en) * 1964-01-13 1967-01-24 Canadian Refractories Ltd Spalling-resistant refractory brick
DE1235553B (en) * 1962-02-27 1967-03-02 Paul Rathmann Reinforced concrete coffered ceiling with filler bodies
US3503165A (en) * 1967-06-12 1970-03-31 Arrowall Corp Prefabricated light weight panels of cementitious material
FR2237018A1 (en) * 1973-06-22 1975-02-07 Grisard Paul Aggregate building block with partially insulated surface - comprising a layer of thermally insulated particles bound by cement
US4283896A (en) * 1978-11-15 1981-08-18 Siegfried Fricker Tie anchor for sandwich panels of reinforced concrete
FR2610025A1 (en) * 1987-01-23 1988-07-29 Legris Marcel Concrete blocks for erecting walls by means of construction sets
US5564241A (en) * 1993-12-21 1996-10-15 Ogorchock; Paul Sound-barrier panel
US5678363A (en) * 1993-12-21 1997-10-21 Ogorchock; Paul Sound barrier panel
US6161355A (en) * 1998-03-16 2000-12-19 Gratt; Lawrence B. Construction using aluminum cans
US20100263315A1 (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-10-21 Tapco International Corporation Molded siding having integrally-formed i-beam construction
RU204050U1 (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-05-05 Владислав Анатольевич Малафеев Masonry wire fittings

Citations (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US145700A (en) * 1873-12-16 Improvement in fire-proof buildings
US386102A (en) * 1888-07-10 Adolf mack
US427914A (en) * 1890-05-13 John j
US755122A (en) * 1903-05-28 1904-03-22 George F Fisher Building construction.
US1074801A (en) * 1911-03-17 1913-10-07 Philipp Krebs Layers of reed.
US1115266A (en) * 1913-12-24 1914-10-27 Arthur D Wiltse Waterproof concrete building-block.
US1174519A (en) * 1915-01-08 1916-03-07 Frank M Pray Wall construction and method.
US1206752A (en) * 1916-10-07 1916-11-28 Davis Construction Company Inc Reinforced concrete construction for floors and ceilings.
FR503759A (en) * 1919-01-15 1920-06-17 Paul Legagneur New kind of reinforced concrete plate, plaster, etc., for construction
US1368109A (en) * 1919-11-01 1921-02-08 Buckhout William Cornell Concrete wall construction
GB166623A (en) * 1920-03-08 1921-07-08 William Christmas Improvements in concrete blocks
US1538681A (en) * 1923-05-03 1925-05-19 William C Buckhout Wall construction
GB249007A (en) * 1925-08-17 1926-03-18 Richard Turner Varley Improvements relating to building and flooring blocks
US1864773A (en) * 1930-03-25 1932-06-28 Universal Pipe And Radiator Co Reenforcing members for concrete
US1897327A (en) * 1930-07-07 1933-02-14 Edward M Olson Roof structure
US1949692A (en) * 1933-08-03 1934-03-06 Pavesi Louis Plaster board
US1949924A (en) * 1931-07-06 1934-03-06 Weichold Charles Concrete reenforcement
US1951421A (en) * 1931-12-10 1934-03-20 Kleitz William Wall structure
US2063309A (en) * 1935-06-11 1936-12-08 Russell C Graef Building wall construction unit
US2127914A (en) * 1936-12-24 1938-08-23 Carl A Hadland Composition building block
US2138683A (en) * 1937-04-24 1938-11-29 Robert E Stevenson Building wall construction
US2220349A (en) * 1939-10-03 1940-11-05 Truscon Lab Building construction
US2250319A (en) * 1938-09-08 1941-07-22 Harry T Bellamy Building wall
US2292655A (en) * 1940-03-06 1942-08-11 Poston Springfield Brick Compa Spacing stirrup for holding and spacing tubular molding forms
US2309147A (en) * 1940-04-01 1943-01-26 Paul H Wilkinson Building construction

Patent Citations (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US145700A (en) * 1873-12-16 Improvement in fire-proof buildings
US386102A (en) * 1888-07-10 Adolf mack
US427914A (en) * 1890-05-13 John j
US755122A (en) * 1903-05-28 1904-03-22 George F Fisher Building construction.
US1074801A (en) * 1911-03-17 1913-10-07 Philipp Krebs Layers of reed.
US1115266A (en) * 1913-12-24 1914-10-27 Arthur D Wiltse Waterproof concrete building-block.
US1174519A (en) * 1915-01-08 1916-03-07 Frank M Pray Wall construction and method.
US1206752A (en) * 1916-10-07 1916-11-28 Davis Construction Company Inc Reinforced concrete construction for floors and ceilings.
FR503759A (en) * 1919-01-15 1920-06-17 Paul Legagneur New kind of reinforced concrete plate, plaster, etc., for construction
US1368109A (en) * 1919-11-01 1921-02-08 Buckhout William Cornell Concrete wall construction
GB166623A (en) * 1920-03-08 1921-07-08 William Christmas Improvements in concrete blocks
US1538681A (en) * 1923-05-03 1925-05-19 William C Buckhout Wall construction
GB249007A (en) * 1925-08-17 1926-03-18 Richard Turner Varley Improvements relating to building and flooring blocks
US1864773A (en) * 1930-03-25 1932-06-28 Universal Pipe And Radiator Co Reenforcing members for concrete
US1897327A (en) * 1930-07-07 1933-02-14 Edward M Olson Roof structure
US1949924A (en) * 1931-07-06 1934-03-06 Weichold Charles Concrete reenforcement
US1951421A (en) * 1931-12-10 1934-03-20 Kleitz William Wall structure
US1949692A (en) * 1933-08-03 1934-03-06 Pavesi Louis Plaster board
US2063309A (en) * 1935-06-11 1936-12-08 Russell C Graef Building wall construction unit
US2127914A (en) * 1936-12-24 1938-08-23 Carl A Hadland Composition building block
US2138683A (en) * 1937-04-24 1938-11-29 Robert E Stevenson Building wall construction
US2250319A (en) * 1938-09-08 1941-07-22 Harry T Bellamy Building wall
US2220349A (en) * 1939-10-03 1940-11-05 Truscon Lab Building construction
US2292655A (en) * 1940-03-06 1942-08-11 Poston Springfield Brick Compa Spacing stirrup for holding and spacing tubular molding forms
US2309147A (en) * 1940-04-01 1943-01-26 Paul H Wilkinson Building construction

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2540349A (en) * 1946-09-19 1951-02-06 Robert S Reed Reinforced building block
US2681562A (en) * 1951-06-07 1954-06-22 Clarke Lawrence Concrete wall
US2825221A (en) * 1952-12-18 1958-03-04 Brouk Joseph John Wall embodying masonry panels
US2924962A (en) * 1954-12-02 1960-02-16 Nettle Lawrence Clarence Wall construction
US3015192A (en) * 1955-04-04 1962-01-02 Vermiculite Mfg Co Brick package and method of making same
US2887868A (en) * 1957-09-25 1959-05-26 Harold A Glidden Wall structure and form unit therefor
US3087575A (en) * 1960-11-07 1963-04-30 Bolt Beranek & Newman Acoustic construction unit
DE1235553B (en) * 1962-02-27 1967-03-02 Paul Rathmann Reinforced concrete coffered ceiling with filler bodies
US3275101A (en) * 1963-12-16 1966-09-27 James G Milne Jr Acoustic structural unit
US3299600A (en) * 1964-01-13 1967-01-24 Canadian Refractories Ltd Spalling-resistant refractory brick
US3503165A (en) * 1967-06-12 1970-03-31 Arrowall Corp Prefabricated light weight panels of cementitious material
FR2237018A1 (en) * 1973-06-22 1975-02-07 Grisard Paul Aggregate building block with partially insulated surface - comprising a layer of thermally insulated particles bound by cement
US4283896A (en) * 1978-11-15 1981-08-18 Siegfried Fricker Tie anchor for sandwich panels of reinforced concrete
FR2610025A1 (en) * 1987-01-23 1988-07-29 Legris Marcel Concrete blocks for erecting walls by means of construction sets
US5564241A (en) * 1993-12-21 1996-10-15 Ogorchock; Paul Sound-barrier panel
US5678363A (en) * 1993-12-21 1997-10-21 Ogorchock; Paul Sound barrier panel
US6161355A (en) * 1998-03-16 2000-12-19 Gratt; Lawrence B. Construction using aluminum cans
US20100263315A1 (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-10-21 Tapco International Corporation Molded siding having integrally-formed i-beam construction
RU204050U1 (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-05-05 Владислав Анатольевич Малафеев Masonry wire fittings

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