US2436350A - Manostat - Google Patents

Description

'.1. P. BADER Feb. 17, 1948.

MANOSTAT -Filed x May 8, 1946 k /////////////V dvAv wy( 9 Q0 i. 1 f v Patented Feb. 17, .19,48 1115-5 Emil Greiner Coinpa vporation of New .York

,5 New York, N. Y., a cor- 'Appii'eatioiuay '8, 194.6,- serial Natas-,113

4 claims.y (creen-2) @The inventionhere disclosed isa manostat.

n Object-sof the invention arevto provide appara# tus for controlling pressure in vacuum distilla-A tions, vapor-liquid equilibria determinationsV and the like, in which sub-atmospheric pressures ranging from Zero to 760mm. Hg are to`be maintained, whichwill beof simple, inexpensive con# struction, readily adaptable to various 'specic` requirements and which will'be entirely reliable, practical-and eflicient in operation. `Special objects are to provide apparatusV of the character indicated which can be quicklyput together or taken apart and be adjusted to suit different conditions 'or requirements.Y

1Other desirable objects attained by the invention will appear in the course of the following specification. i A 1 i The drawing accompanyinglandforming-part of thespecification` illustrates a present commercial embodimentof the invention. however, may be modified and changed as regards theimmediate iilustration, all within the true intent and broad scope of the invention as hereinafter defined and claimed.

'Ihe single iigure in the drawing is a broken vertical sectional view of the manostat.

The body of the device is shown in the form of a vertically extended cylindrical container I, closed at the top by a removable and vertically adjustable resilient plug or stopper 2.

This container holds a body of mercury 3 in which iioats an inverted tubular member 4, guided for free rising and falling movements by lugs or projections 5 slidingly engageable with the inner wall of the container.

At the top the open ended inverted tubular oat has a restricted neck portion 6 carrying a resilient valve or sealing disc 1, cooperative with the restricted lower end 8 of the throttling tube 9 which extends down through the top cover 2.

A pressure equalizing tube I extends up through the center of the holder into the tubular float above the mercury level. The system in which the pressure is to be maintained is connected into the upper portion of the holder by the side tube I I.

The valve tube 9 is shown equipped with a side extension I2 for connection with a vacuum pump or equivalent.

The center pressure equalizing tube I0 and the vacuum line I2 are shown equipped with extensions I3, I4, respectively, brought together in a union at I which is tapped into the side of the container at I6.

The union I 5 is shown formed as a casing for a Structure,

rotary three-way valve plug Il, having Y ports I8, I9, 2li, which,by means of' handle 2|, can-be lined up withthe manifolding connections I4, I3;

and holder: connections I6, lorbe closed off 4from all' these connections. y

The vacuum' line I4 at the ftop is -shown as made in vseparate `sections coupled byrubber sleeve 22 or the liketo permit removal and-adjusting movementsv'of the T formed by the valve tube 9 and lateral extensions I2 and I4.

The parts-fmay-be-made ofglass tubing, as inf dicated; with the valve casing y I5 welded in place at the junction of the three lines of tubing'IS, I4 and E6; Y f

VIn setting up the device, enough mercury is' used to just float the -disc I into sealing engage-V ment with the tlirc'ttling orifice of the uppery I4, I8, and I9, 20, I6 and I3 about the exterior and interior of thetubular float. After this the device will then automatically maintain the desired pressure, operating on the Cartesian principle.

If the system is vacuum tight the pressure Will maintain itself. A slight leak, which may be in-.

troduced intentionally, will cause the pressure to rise slightly. This will effect a displacement of the mercury level downward outside the oat and a corresponding displacementupward inside the float. The buoyant force on the float is thereby diminished and when suliicient to over.- come that at the orifice, due to the pressure differential, the disc will break away from the orice and permit the pump to evacuate sufficient gas from the system to restore the original pressure.

When the original pressure is restored the float will return the disc to its former seated position, sealing the orifice. This cycle may repeat indenitely, with the proper size orifice and pump rating sufcient to carry the load.

The size of the orice limits the capacity of gas removal from the system. Increased sensitivity is obtainable by decreasing the size of the orifice.

The invention provides simple, positive means for setting and maintaining any desired vacuum in a system. Particularly it avoids the need for electrical appliances or additional accessories.

By making the unit of heavy glass or metal it may be adapted for super atmospheric pressures. Also, it may be used for large industrial applications Where constant pressure conditions must be maintainedautomatically. Further, the device may be arranged for very low pressures and as a direct reading semi-vacuum guage. Properly assembled and adjusted, smooth, ac-

curate control is obtainable with no visible iluctu- 'Y ations. y

Fine adjustment of pressure 'settings arerreadfily obtainable by shifting the orifice tip, pulling "3. A manostat operating on the Cartesian it up slightly to reduce pressure and lowering it to increase pressure, the slip mounting'in'the plug 2 and the rubber coupling 22'permitting.

such adjustments to be readily made.

; What is claimed is:

`1. A manostat comprising a holder, a body of mercury or equivalent sealing medium in said holder, an inverted tubular iioat supported in said sealing medium and carrying a valve element, a vacuum applying connection entered in said holder and having an orifice disposed to be closed by said valve element in the rising movements of said iioat, means for connecting the holder with aV system to be pressure controlled. means for connecting said vacuum applying connection to a vacuum producing source, a mani folding connection extending from said vacuum producing connection into the interior of the inverted iioat and into the holder outside the float, and a single valve for opening and closing .said manifolding connections.

2. A manostat comprising a holder containing :a sealing liquid, an inverted tubular float supported in said sealing liquid and carrying a valve l element, a suction line entered in said holder ;and provided with an orifice positioned to be principle and comprising a holder arranged for connection with a system to be pressure controlled and containing a sealing liquid, an in- .'zvertedftubular v.iioat supported in said sealing Nliquid, pressure equalizing connections between -V the interor of -the holder and the interior of said -ilbat, a valve element carried by the oat. a suction tube having an orifice positioned to be closed by said valve element, suction connections to said tube and to said pressure equalizing connections and a valve interposed in said connections for opening said pressure equalizing connections to suction or for closing said equalizing connections and disconnecting the' same from suction.

4. A Cartesian manostat comprising a holder arranged for connection with 4a system to be pressure controlled and containing a body of, sealing liquid, an inverted tubular oat supported in said liquid and provided with a valve element, a suction connection having an orifice positioned to be closed and opened by said valve element in the rising and falling; movements of said iloat, pressure equalizing connections between the interior of the holder and the interior of the tubular iloat. a suction connection to said pressure equalizing connections and a valve at the junction of said suction connection with said pressure equalizing connections and arranged to 40 open or to close said connections.

JOSEPH P. BADER.

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