US2426563A - Recoil mechanism for automatic firearms - Google Patents

Recoil mechanism for automatic firearms Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2426563A
US2426563A US557293A US55729344A US2426563A US 2426563 A US2426563 A US 2426563A US 557293 A US557293 A US 557293A US 55729344 A US55729344 A US 55729344A US 2426563 A US2426563 A US 2426563A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bolt
sleeve
spring
shoulder
recoil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US557293A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Patchett George William
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2426563A publication Critical patent/US2426563A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/03—Shot-velocity control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means

Definitions

  • the bolt is caused to move rearward from the prior firing position by gas pressure of the explosive charge, this pressure and the energy imparted to the bolt being absorbed by a recoil spring.
  • the invention enables a bolt of standard weight and a spring of standard strength to be retained and wherein there is provided within the casing of the gun and at the rear of the bolt a braking device, which latter tends to absorb the surplus energy of the bolt movement with strong ammunition, the said brake device being of a character progressively to retard movement but in a manner that admits, when the passage of the bolt is finally stopped, of the recoil spring reacting to urge the bolt forward.
  • the invention consists in an automatic firearm of the type set forth wherein a resilient frictional braking device is adapted to operate in combination with the normal recoil spring to arrest bolt movement.
  • Said braking device con- 1 Claim. (o1. 89198) sists of a continuous or discontinuous member concentric with or aligned to the said bolt, said braking device having outwardly flared tapering spring leaves.
  • the bolt is formed with a rear portion to engage the said braking device, or is provided or fitted with a spring controlled sleeve having limited movement for a like purpose.
  • the said braking device is characterised that its action to resist bolt motion becomes progressively greater as and when rearward motion continues, and is operative over equispaced parts of the peripheral contour of said bolt, and is preferably caused to be inoperative at or about cocking position of the said bolt.
  • the frictional braking device preferably consists of a cylindrical sleeve which is split axially having an internal diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of a cylindrical sleeve mounted upon the bolt or a cylindrical portion of the bolt if the latter is modified.
  • the split sleeve can be mounted in a position so that a cylindrical part of the bolt only engages the split sleeve when the travel becomes greater than the normal setting, the engagement of the parts causing friction to be set up, which aids the main spring to bring the mass of the bolt to rest.
  • the spring at this point, being under maximum compression, then forces the bolt forward, therefore disengaging the cylindrical part of the bolt from the split sleeve, and the bolt is thereafter free to move forward in the usual manner.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of an automatic firearm, showing the bolt in the cooked position
  • Fig. 2 is a cross section taken on the line 22 in Fig. 1 showing the form of braking device
  • Fig. 2a is a View similar to Fig. 2, showing a modified form of thebraking device.
  • Fig, 3 shows the bolt at the end of its forward movement at the time of firing.
  • Fig. 3a is a longitudinal section of the rear end of the bolt casing, showing another form of braking device.
  • Fig. 4 shows in part section a modified form of the bolt.
  • the bolt and its components A reciprocate within the casing B, and in its rearward motion compresses the recoil spring C which latter has an abutment on a flange 9 of the firing pin body 2 and on the end cap D.
  • the bolt A in the form shown has three principal parts, the forward or slipper portion l engaging the interior of the cylindrical casing B, an inner concentric firing pin body 2, and an intermediate sleeve 3. These three parts are each capable of relative axial movement or of combined movement.
  • Said sleeve 3 has rear and forward parts of differing diameters providing a shoulder 4, said shoulder adapted to engage the terminal rim of bolt part I and enable sleeve 3 to have its fore part 3a internal of bolt part I whilst its rear part 3b is in external alignment with the rear outer extremity of the shoulder 5.
  • the sleeve part 3a is flanged at B and carries the forward end of spring 'i which abuts rearward upon shoulder 8 of the firing pin body 2
  • the firing pin body 2 has a flange 9 which constitutes one abutment for the recoil spring C, the other aboutment being the recess H] in the end cap D.
  • the braking device consists of a continuous or discontinuous ring 12, see Fig.
  • the ring i2 is mounted externally of the recoil spring C and is formed with a series of axially cut leaves I4, each of a section tapering as at l5 forward, the said forward extremities being flared outwardly as at H5.
  • the bolt is positioned in Fig. 1 in the cooked position, the sear E engaging the shoulder F formed upon the foreface of the boltA.
  • the sear in the known manner is under control of the trigger G in conjunction with a fire selection device H.
  • Part 2 situated within bolt A carries the firing pin J.
  • the bolt A is shown in its firing position, the fore part engaging the breech of barrel K.
  • the recoil spring C is fully extended, and the firing pin J in its operative position, the base of the inner firing pin body 2 contacting the rear wall of the bolt socket with the spring '5 extended.
  • the bolt A as a'whole then starts to move carrying the sleeve 3 compressing the recoil spring C, until the sleeve part 31) enters the flared throat H5 of the spring leaves M of the brake ring 42.
  • the said spring leaves press upon the sleeve 3 and exert therefore a continuously increasing frictional resistance to the passage rearward of the bolt as a whole, in addition to the increasing resistance of the recoil spring 0.
  • the firing pin body abuts upon the rear face of the bolt A and the sleeve 3 may have relative motion but drag behind by reason of the frictional grip of the brake [2 upon its rear periphery. Should this happen the flange abutment 9 engages the shoulder 4 of the sleeve 3 with momentum and causes the sleeve to disengage and move into the position shown in Fig. 1, the spring I assisting this operation.
  • the brake ring l2 may be either a continuous or discontinuous ring, the discontinuous form shown in Fig. 2a, however, enabling the brake fitting to be applied to a variety of weapons ofthe same class, having small divergencies of diameter of the bolt race casing B.
  • the firing pin is a solid entity on the face of the bolt
  • the firing pin body 2 and independent sleeve 3 are dispensed with, and the rear of the bolt formed to engage the braking device, see Fig. 4.
  • the sleeve 3 may be provided with an inclined slot 20 into which the pin 2
  • the interengagement of the said pin 2! with the walls of the slot 20 causes slight rotation of the sleeve 3.
  • This feature is of importance should grit or other adventitious matter be lodged in the split sleeve and tend to create a binding action between the engaged parts. The effect of this turning movement is to assist disengagement and transfer any grit allowing it to escape through the nearest interstice between the component leaves of the brake ring.
  • the 'rateoffire is brought under control despite variation in the explosive energy of the ammunition used and continuous firing with weak ammunition eliminated.
  • the shoulder F on bolt A may, if required, be placed further rearward, the sear E travelling in a groove out in the bolt (-not shown) until the shoulder is reached.
  • a reciprocatory breech bolt a recoil spring therefor, a friction brake in telescopic relation with the bolt and engageable frictionally therewith during the recoil thereof, and means for imparting relative rotation between saidbolt and'friction brake during reciprocation of said bolt.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US557293A 1943-04-01 1944-10-05 Recoil mechanism for automatic firearms Expired - Lifetime US2426563A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2426563X 1943-04-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2426563A true US2426563A (en) 1947-08-26

Family

ID=10906619

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US557293A Expired - Lifetime US2426563A (en) 1943-04-01 1944-10-05 Recoil mechanism for automatic firearms

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2426563A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE463402A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2667817A (en) * 1947-10-24 1954-02-02 Jr Harry A Asby Rotatable bolt for submachine guns
US2816484A (en) * 1951-08-27 1957-12-17 Richard R Grages Automatic firearm of the blow back type
DE1176028B (de) * 1961-03-13 1964-08-13 Inst Nac De Ind Reibungsbremse fuer eine automatische Schusswaffe
US20060236853A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-10-26 Enidine, Inc. Hydraulic bolt buffer for firearm
US20150260469A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2015-09-17 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US9448034B2 (en) 2014-07-09 2016-09-20 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Recoil reduction system for firearm
US9506706B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2016-11-29 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Magazine for firearm
US9506702B2 (en) 2014-01-10 2016-11-29 Jv Precision Machine Company Externally loading semi-automatic firearm with integral or non-removable feeding device
US9506711B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2016-11-29 Lwrc International Llc Barrel nut assembly and method to attach a barrel to a firearm using such assembly
US20160370135A1 (en) * 2015-05-18 2016-12-22 Francis M. Plumb Recoil Impulse Reducing Bolt Carrier Group for Firearms
US9658011B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2017-05-23 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US9772150B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2017-09-26 Lwrc International Llc Firearm receiver assembly
US9810495B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2017-11-07 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US9816546B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2017-11-14 Lwrc International Llc Barrel nut assembly and method to attach a barrel to a firearm using such assembly
DE102021004902A1 (de) 2021-09-29 2023-03-30 Albert Hirt Schließfedereinrichtung für eine Handfeuerwaffe, Handfeuerwaffe mit einer Schließfedereinrichtung

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US717813A (en) * 1902-10-31 1903-01-06 Chester W Prann Door-check.
US813802A (en) * 1905-10-16 1906-02-27 Winchester Repeating Arms Co Firearm.
US1356191A (en) * 1918-11-23 1920-10-19 Alvin M Craig Buffer for guns
US1548708A (en) * 1923-09-24 1925-08-04 John M Browning Recoil buffer for automatic guns
GB279988A (en) * 1926-09-17 1927-11-10 William Griffiths Jackson Improvements in door or like engaging and holding appliances
US2116444A (en) * 1937-12-06 1938-05-03 Maier Louis Combination door bumper and holder
US2301248A (en) * 1939-03-21 1942-11-10 Western Cartridge Co Breech-bolt checking construction for automatic firearms

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US717813A (en) * 1902-10-31 1903-01-06 Chester W Prann Door-check.
US813802A (en) * 1905-10-16 1906-02-27 Winchester Repeating Arms Co Firearm.
US1356191A (en) * 1918-11-23 1920-10-19 Alvin M Craig Buffer for guns
US1548708A (en) * 1923-09-24 1925-08-04 John M Browning Recoil buffer for automatic guns
GB279988A (en) * 1926-09-17 1927-11-10 William Griffiths Jackson Improvements in door or like engaging and holding appliances
US2116444A (en) * 1937-12-06 1938-05-03 Maier Louis Combination door bumper and holder
US2301248A (en) * 1939-03-21 1942-11-10 Western Cartridge Co Breech-bolt checking construction for automatic firearms

Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2667817A (en) * 1947-10-24 1954-02-02 Jr Harry A Asby Rotatable bolt for submachine guns
US2816484A (en) * 1951-08-27 1957-12-17 Richard R Grages Automatic firearm of the blow back type
DE1176028B (de) * 1961-03-13 1964-08-13 Inst Nac De Ind Reibungsbremse fuer eine automatische Schusswaffe
US20060236853A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-10-26 Enidine, Inc. Hydraulic bolt buffer for firearm
US7131367B1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-11-07 Enidine, Inc. Hydraulic bolt buffer for firearm
US12270616B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2025-04-08 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US9810495B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2017-11-07 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US11067352B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2021-07-20 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US12241708B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2025-03-04 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US10598452B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2020-03-24 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US11828560B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2023-11-28 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US11493292B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2022-11-08 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US10309739B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2019-06-04 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US11662169B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2023-05-30 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US9658011B2 (en) 2011-08-17 2017-05-23 Lwrc International Llc Bolt carrier and bolt for gas operated firearms
US9506711B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2016-11-29 Lwrc International Llc Barrel nut assembly and method to attach a barrel to a firearm using such assembly
US9772150B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2017-09-26 Lwrc International Llc Firearm receiver assembly
US9816546B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2017-11-14 Lwrc International Llc Barrel nut assembly and method to attach a barrel to a firearm using such assembly
US12276470B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2025-04-15 Lwrc International Llc Firearm receiver assembly
US10240883B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2019-03-26 Lwrc International Llc Firearm receiver assembly
US11686548B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2023-06-27 Lwrc International Llc Firearm receiver assembly
US11530892B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2022-12-20 Lwrc International Llc Barrel nut assembly and method to attach a barrel to a firearm using such assembly
US11898589B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2024-02-13 Lwrc International Llc Barrel nut assembly and method to attach a barrel to a firearm using such assembly
US10697726B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2020-06-30 Lwrc International Llc Barrel nut assembly and method to attach a barrel to a firearm using such assembly
US10808748B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2020-10-20 Lwrc International Llc Barrel nut assembly and method to attach a barrel to a firearm using such assembly
US10895430B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2021-01-19 Lwrc International Llc Firearm receiver assembly
US12259205B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2025-03-25 Lwrc International Llc Barrel nut assembly and method to attach a barrel to a firearm using such assembly
US20230097029A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2023-03-30 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US12241717B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2025-03-04 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US10591245B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-03-17 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US9915497B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-03-13 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US20150260469A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2015-09-17 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US9625232B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-04-18 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US9291414B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-03-22 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US11460265B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-10-04 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US20160252322A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-09-01 Lwrc International Llc Firearm buffer system and buttstock assembly
US9506702B2 (en) 2014-01-10 2016-11-29 Jv Precision Machine Company Externally loading semi-automatic firearm with integral or non-removable feeding device
US9448034B2 (en) 2014-07-09 2016-09-20 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Recoil reduction system for firearm
US9506706B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2016-11-29 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc. Magazine for firearm
US20160370135A1 (en) * 2015-05-18 2016-12-22 Francis M. Plumb Recoil Impulse Reducing Bolt Carrier Group for Firearms
DE102021004902A1 (de) 2021-09-29 2023-03-30 Albert Hirt Schließfedereinrichtung für eine Handfeuerwaffe, Handfeuerwaffe mit einer Schließfedereinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE463402A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2426563A (en) Recoil mechanism for automatic firearms
US2632391A (en) Consumable cartridge
US3771415A (en) Rifle conversion assembly
US3857325A (en) Semi-automatic firearm
US3820266A (en) Cartridge case ejector for bolt gun
US2336146A (en) Firearm
US3780618A (en) Automatic hand gun
US3564950A (en) Cartridge case extractor tool
US3641692A (en) Extractor and bolt mechanism for firearm firing caseless ammunition
US3115063A (en) Recoil absorbing mechanism for firearms
US2365188A (en) Firearm
US2124172A (en) Tear gas gun
US2581395A (en) Gas piston operated firearm
US2047897A (en) Barrel cleaning cartridge for firearms
US3061833A (en) Two-piston explosive actuated fastener driving tool
US3548590A (en) Power actuated tool
US3424053A (en) Automatic firearm
GB1019588A (en) Ammunition testing apparatus
GB900520A (en) Improvements in and relating to a breech for an artillery device of the muzzle-loading type
US3059367A (en) Compensating means in barrel chamber for low and high powered cartridges
US2363675A (en) Portable mortar
US2846926A (en) Floating barrel action for automatic pistol
US2464409A (en) Gas-operated firearm
US2322780A (en) Gun
US2520971A (en) Recoil mechanism