US2425169A - Means for shield tunnelling - Google Patents

Means for shield tunnelling Download PDF

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Publication number
US2425169A
US2425169A US576491A US57649145A US2425169A US 2425169 A US2425169 A US 2425169A US 576491 A US576491 A US 576491A US 57649145 A US57649145 A US 57649145A US 2425169 A US2425169 A US 2425169A
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Prior art keywords
shield
trailing
tunnelling
leading
rams
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US576491A
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Wilson Alford Donald Gratton
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E21D9/0873—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a means for shield tunnelling.
  • the object of the present invention is to speed up and cheapen tunnel driving by an improved method which consists in employing a combination of two shields, or an excavating device and a trailing sheld so that excavating may proceed simultaneously with the erection of the lining in the trailng shield.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, on line I-I of Figure 2, and,
  • Figure 2 is a transverse section (the right-half being a section on line II'II, the left-half being a section on line III-III) of Figure 1.
  • leading shield I which may be of any ordinary construction except that it is unprovided with the usual tail, and having at its front end a rotary cutter 3, is furnished around the circumference of its rear face with a plurality of hydraulic rams 4, the rear or outer ends 5 of which are adapted to bear against thrust blocks or a thrust plate 6 provided on the front face of the trailing shield 2.
  • the trailing shield 2 is of larger diameter than the leading shield I, but is otherwise of similar construction thereto being provided with a plurality of rams I the rear or outer ends of which are furnished with shoes 8 adapted to bear against a part of the lining erected behind the trailing edge of the shield, such for example as the joist 9.
  • the rams 4 are then retracted, after which the rams I of the trailing shield 2 are extended thereby forcing said shield forwardly the cutting edge In thereof trim- 2 ming the cut made by the leading shield I.
  • the lining of the tunnel thus formed may be effected in any known manner to the rear of the trailing shield as the latter is moved forward.
  • Tunnelling device comprising a leading shield of substantially cylindrical form carrying on its front cutting means, a plurality of rear- Wardly directed hydraulic rams arranged along the periphery of said leading shield near the rear edge thereof, a substantially cylindrical trailing shield provided adjacent its front edge with abuttments forming bearings for the free rear ends of said rams, the latter in their fully collapsed positions having a length to prevent the front edge of the trailing shield from reaching the rear edge of the leading shield so that the two shields are independent of one another except that the trailing shield provides the reaction for the forward movement of the leading shield.
  • Tunnelling device as claimed in claim 1, in which the trailing shield has a diameter exceeding that of the leading shield so that its front edge operates to trim the cut made by the leading shield.
  • Tunnelling device as claimed in claim 1, including shoes on the free rear ends of said hydraulic rams, said trailing shield being provided at a short distance behind its front edge with an inwardly projecting annular flange against which said shoes bear.

Description

Aug. 1947- A. D. G. WILSON V MEANS FOR SHIELD TUNNELLING Filed Feb. 6, 1945 FIG].
Inventor Batented Aug. 5, 1947 MEANS FOR SHIELD TUNNELLING Alford Donald Gratton Wilson, Buckhurst Hill, England Application February 6, 1945, Serial No. 576,491 In Great Britain February 3, 1944 3 Claims.
This invention relates to a means for shield tunnelling.
In known methods of tunnelling it is common to use a shield of the mechanical excavator or other type to effect or assist the excavation and thereafter to support the ground whilst the lining is being erected within the tail of the said shield.
The object of the present invention is to speed up and cheapen tunnel driving by an improved method which consists in employing a combination of two shields, or an excavating device and a trailing sheld so that excavating may proceed simultaneously with the erection of the lining in the trailng shield.
In the accompanying drawing which diagrammatically illustrates an embodiment of this invention:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, on line I-I of Figure 2, and,
Figure 2 is a transverse section (the right-half being a section on line II'II, the left-half being a section on line III-III) of Figure 1.
According to this invention, which will be described with reference to the use of a leading or digger shield I, and a trailing or main shield 2, the leading shield I which may be of any ordinary construction except that it is unprovided with the usual tail, and having at its front end a rotary cutter 3, is furnished around the circumference of its rear face with a plurality of hydraulic rams 4, the rear or outer ends 5 of which are adapted to bear against thrust blocks or a thrust plate 6 provided on the front face of the trailing shield 2.
The trailing shield 2, is of larger diameter than the leading shield I, but is otherwise of similar construction thereto being provided with a plurality of rams I the rear or outer ends of which are furnished with shoes 8 adapted to bear against a part of the lining erected behind the trailing edge of the shield, such for example as the joist 9.
In operation, when the leading shield I has reached the end of its run and the rams 4 are fully extended as shown in Figure 1, the rams 4 are then retracted, after which the rams I of the trailing shield 2 are extended thereby forcing said shield forwardly the cutting edge In thereof trim- 2 ming the cut made by the leading shield I. The lining of the tunnel thus formed may be effected in any known manner to the rear of the trailing shield as the latter is moved forward.
What I claim is:
1. Tunnelling device comprising a leading shield of substantially cylindrical form carrying on its front cutting means, a plurality of rear- Wardly directed hydraulic rams arranged along the periphery of said leading shield near the rear edge thereof, a substantially cylindrical trailing shield provided adjacent its front edge with abuttments forming bearings for the free rear ends of said rams, the latter in their fully collapsed positions having a length to prevent the front edge of the trailing shield from reaching the rear edge of the leading shield so that the two shields are independent of one another except that the trailing shield provides the reaction for the forward movement of the leading shield.
2. Tunnelling device, as claimed in claim 1, in which the trailing shield has a diameter exceeding that of the leading shield so that its front edge operates to trim the cut made by the leading shield.
3. Tunnelling device, as claimed in claim 1, including shoes on the free rear ends of said hydraulic rams, said trailing shield being provided at a short distance behind its front edge with an inwardly projecting annular flange against which said shoes bear.
ALFORD DONALD GRATTON WILSON.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 675,355 MacHarg May 28, 1901 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 20,322 Great Britain 1906 64,335 Germany 1892 67,098 Germany s 1893 105,768 Germany 1899
US576491A 1944-02-03 1945-02-06 Means for shield tunnelling Expired - Lifetime US2425169A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2908140A (en) * 1955-06-14 1959-10-13 Jr Kirke B Everson Trench shoring apparatus
US3468133A (en) * 1966-07-29 1969-09-23 Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd Excavation type shield with no rotary cutters
US3487649A (en) * 1968-03-12 1970-01-06 Erik Herman Bergstrom Apparatus for use in the construction of concrete lined tunnels
US3523426A (en) * 1967-04-13 1970-08-11 Atlas Copco Mct Ab Process and apparatus for driving tunnels in rock having zones differing in stability
US3731977A (en) * 1971-02-26 1973-05-08 Banyaszati Tervezo Intezet Equipment for preparing underground drifts, e.g. tunnels, channels, shafts, etc.
US3967463A (en) * 1974-08-05 1976-07-06 The Robbins Company Continuous tunnel boring machine and method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE67098C (en) * Firma F. C. GLASER in Berlin S.W., Lindenstr. 80. Vom 12. Mär2 1892 ab Device for filling the cavity formed when driving the shield jacket of tunnel propellants with cement or the like
DE105768C (en) *
DE64335C (en) * Firma F. C. GLASER in Berlin S.W., Lindenstrafse 80 Device for driving tunnels in soft mountains
US675355A (en) * 1898-05-16 1901-05-28 William S Macharg Tunneling device.
GB190620322A (en) * 1906-09-12 1907-08-01 William Phillips Thompson Improvements in Tunnel Shields.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE67098C (en) * Firma F. C. GLASER in Berlin S.W., Lindenstr. 80. Vom 12. Mär2 1892 ab Device for filling the cavity formed when driving the shield jacket of tunnel propellants with cement or the like
DE105768C (en) *
DE64335C (en) * Firma F. C. GLASER in Berlin S.W., Lindenstrafse 80 Device for driving tunnels in soft mountains
US675355A (en) * 1898-05-16 1901-05-28 William S Macharg Tunneling device.
GB190620322A (en) * 1906-09-12 1907-08-01 William Phillips Thompson Improvements in Tunnel Shields.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2908140A (en) * 1955-06-14 1959-10-13 Jr Kirke B Everson Trench shoring apparatus
US3468133A (en) * 1966-07-29 1969-09-23 Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd Excavation type shield with no rotary cutters
US3523426A (en) * 1967-04-13 1970-08-11 Atlas Copco Mct Ab Process and apparatus for driving tunnels in rock having zones differing in stability
US3487649A (en) * 1968-03-12 1970-01-06 Erik Herman Bergstrom Apparatus for use in the construction of concrete lined tunnels
US3731977A (en) * 1971-02-26 1973-05-08 Banyaszati Tervezo Intezet Equipment for preparing underground drifts, e.g. tunnels, channels, shafts, etc.
US3967463A (en) * 1974-08-05 1976-07-06 The Robbins Company Continuous tunnel boring machine and method

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